FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT

BFC 31602

CONTRACT AND ESTIMATION

GROUP MEMBERS

NAME MATRIC NO
1.
LOGISWARAN S/O VENGADASALAPATHEY CF180109
2.
YUS IQBAL BIN YUSERI AF180206
3.
THEEVAMANI S/O CHANDRASAEKARAN CF180054
4.
ABDIRAHMAN ABDULLAHI ALI AF180286
5.
SARANYA D/O GUNA SAIGARAN CF180020

SECTION : 2

LECTURER’S NAME: Ts. SYED BURHANUDDIN HILMI BIN MOHAMAD

SUBMISSION DATE : 31st Dec 2020

 TABLE OF CONTENT

NO ITEM

1 Company’s profile

2 Bill of Quantity (BQ)

3 Breakdown of Project Cost and Schedule of Rate

Project cost estimation

4 -Floor area method

-Volume area method

5 Quantity Measurement (Taking Off)

6 Build-up rate calculation for 1 m3 soil excavation

Build-up rate calculation for 1 m3 of selected concrete grade using concrete mixer
7

8 Performance bond

9 Liquidated ascertained damages (LAD) per day

10 FILA

11 Appendix
GROUP MEMBER BIODATA

MEMBER PROFILE
1 NAMA: THEEVAMANI A/L CHANDRASAEKARAN
. Matric Number: CF180054
Phone No : 0189536166
Address: No 60 Taman Jasmin Jalan Sekolah 32400 Ayer Tawar, Perak
Date of Birth :07/02/1996
Email :[email protected]
Level of Study : BACHELOR DEGREE
Faculty : F - FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Programme :BFF - BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WITH
HONOURS
Academic Advisor : PROF. MADYA Ts. Dr. MOHD HAZIMAN BIN
WAN IBRAHIM
2 NAMA: Logiswaran Vengadasalapathey
. Matric Number: CF180109
Phone No : 0165039720
Address: No.11, Lorong 5, 09300 Kuala Ketil, Kedah.
Date of Birth : 07/08/1996
Email : [email protected]
Level of Study : BACHELOR DEGREE
Faculty : F - FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Programme :BFF - BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WITH
HONOURS
Academic Advisor : Ir. Dr. ZAINORIZUAN BIN MOHD JAINI
3 NAMA: YUS IQBAL BIN YUSERI
. Matric Number: AF180206
Phone No : 01112347326
Address: No 9 JALAN KEMBOJA 4c/7Bs 8 BUKIT SENTOSA,
48300,RAWANG
Date of Birth :28/11/1999
Email : [email protected]
Level of Study : BACHELOR DEGREE
Faculty : F - FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Programme :BFF - BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WITH
HONOURS
Academic Advisor : Ir. Dr. ZAINORIZUAN BIN MOHD JAINI
4 NAMA: ABDIRAHMAN ABDULLAHI ALI
. Matric Number: AF180286
Phone No : 01111320868
Address: No 25A, JALAN CEMPAKA 1, TAMAN BUNGA CEMPAKA
BIRU, 86400, PARIT RAJA BATU PAHAT JOHOR.
Date of Birth :05/01/1998
Email : [email protected]
Level of Study : BACHELOR DEGREE
Faculty : F - FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Programme :BFF - BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WITH
HONOURS
Academic Advisor : Ir. ENCIK KOH HENG BOON
5 NAMA: SARANYA D/O GUNA SAIGARAN
. Matric Number: CF180020
Phone No : 0193198516
Address: No 412,TAMAN KENANGAN,SUNGAI
KARANGAN,09410PADANG SERAI KULIM KEDAH.
Date of Birth :31/03/1995
Email : [email protected]
Level of Study : BACHELOR DEGREE
Faculty : F - FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Programme :BFF - BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WITH
HONOURS
Academic Advisor : Dr.SITI HIDAYAH BINTI ABU TALIB
COMPANY BACKGROUND

IVORY VENTURES SDN BHD

Company Name : IVORY VENTURES Sdn. Bhd

Date of incorporation : May 2007

Registered Address : 10, Jalan Hang Tuah, 77000 Jasin, Melaka.

Business Address : 10, Jalan Hang Tuah, 77000 Jasin, Melaka.

Telephone No. :019-4463456

Fax. No. : +606 281 9696

Company email :
[email protected]
m

SLOGAN : Committed to superior quality and results.

VISION : To be a world-class infrastructure construction and Real Estate

Development company committed to total customer satisfaction.
Our Ivory Ventures Sdn.Bhd was established in May 2007 and we are specializing in commercial, retail,
residential & warehouse construction. Our mission is to provide quality, effective delivery and consistent
knowledge of all innovative and technical aspects of the construction industry. We are committed to
serving our clients with the highest level of professionalism and integrity, while maintaining our position
as a quality conscious, resourceful and stable developer. Previously we are a property holding company
and now shifted our focus into a construction company

Our company services and highlights are we provide pre-construction service, construction management
service, design and building service, program and project management services, general contracting
services,remodeling. We possess CIDB grade 7 status and has successfully completed several big projects
as main sub-contractor works. We are currently working on 2 prestigious projects of constructing
affordable terrace houses in Jasin District. We have more than 10 years of experience in construction and
civil engineering works. We guarantee that our experience puts it in a position of market leadership in the
construction and civil engineering sector, offering value, quality and excellence with design innovation,
superior materials and fine workmanship.

\
 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

THEEVAMANI S/O CHANDRASAEKARAN

Managing Director

SARANYA D/O
YUS IQBAL BIN YUSERI GUNA SAIGARAN

Project Manager Financial Manager

LOGISWARAN S/O ABDIRAHMAN

VENGADASALAPATHEY ABDULLAHI ALI

Development Engineer Marketing Manager

Bill Of quantity
RATE
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT QUANTITY (RM) AMOUNT
EXCAVATION
Maximum depth not exceeding 1.50m
Excavating trenches starting from reduced
1 level; including backfill with approved 1012.5 30.27 30648.4
M3
excavated material, compaction in layers
and disposal of surplus excavated material
where directed within the site
CONCRETE WORK

4 Footing M3 1.665 294 489.51

5 Column M3 2.552 450.1 1148.65
6 Beam M3 5.0853 882.74 4488.99
7 Slab M3 14.981 2582.2 38683.94

FORMWORK
9 Column stump M2 1.85 21.5 39.5
10 Foundations & beds M 76.0 8.5 646

STEEL REINFORCEMENT
M2 1401.9 9.8 13738.62
11 BRC
kg 27.78 2.3 63.89
12 Mild steel reinforcement
kg 143.3 2.15 307.88
13 Tensile steel bar reinforcement in column
kg 642.3 2.33 1496.56
14 Tensile steel reinforcement in strump

Total Amount RM 91750.6

3.0 BREAKDOWN OF COST PROJECT AND SCHEDULE OF RATE

Element Total Cost (RM)

Excavation 400.00
Concrete 3,500.00
Reinforcement 9,500.00
B.R.C 2,850.00
Formwork 2,520.00
TOTAL 18,770.00
QUANTITY MEASUREMENT

3.3 Build-up rate calculation

3.3.1 For 1m3 soil excavation manually using hand

TYPE BXLXH
F1 450 X 450 X 500

Item Rate
Worker salary (8 hours working/day) RM60/day (RM7.5/hour)
Soil excavation not exceeding 1.5m depth 2.5 hour/m³
Spreading up soil in making up level (surface to 0.12 hour/m²
receive pad footing)

Filling in and ramming soil 0.60 hour/m³

Carting away remainder load 1.20 hour/m³
Typical soil expansion 25%
Profit 20%
1. Cost of excavating out
Total depth of excavation = 0.05m +0 .50m + 1.0m

= 1.55m

Total Volume of excavation (1.20m depth):

V =lxwxd

= 0.45 x 0.45 x 1.55

= 0.314 m3

Cost = 0.314 m3 x 2.5 hour/m3 x (RM 60.00/8 hour)

=RM 5.89

2. Cost of spread up in making up level (surface to receive pad footing)

= (0.45m x 0.45m) x 0.12 hour/m 2 x RM 7.5/ hour

= RM 0.20

3. Cost of filling in and ramming

Actual volume to be filled in and rammed= total volume of excavation –
(volume of pad footing incl. lean con 0.314 m3 – (0.45m x 0.45m x 0.50m)
volume of stump + volume at ground beam level)

= [0.314 m3 – (0.45m x 0.45m x 0.50m) – π r2t – (volume of ground

beam)] x 0.60hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

=0.314 m3 – (0.45m x 0.45m x 0.50m) – π (0.125)2(0.40m) – (0.1250

x 0.6 x 0.6) x 0.60hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

=0.15m3 x 0.60hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

= RM 0.70

4. Cost of carting away remainder load

Volume to be carted away= total volume of excavation – volume to be
filled in and rammed
 = [0.314 m3 – (0.15 m3 x 1.25)] x 1.20 hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

= (0.3145 m3 – 0.188 m3) x 1.20hour x RM 7.5/hour

= RM1.13

5. Profit =20% x [(RM 5.89 +RM 0.20+ RM 0.70 +RM1.13)/0.314]

=RM5.04

6. Cost of 1 m3 excavation =1.20 x [RM 5.89 + RM 0.20+ RM 0.70 + RM1.13)/0.314]

= RM 30.2

Taking off (concrete)

FOOTING

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

            F1
12/ 0.45  
    0.45  
4.50m
    0.5   0.50m
      1.215  
4.50m
     

        F2
  2/    
    0.45  
10.00m
    1.00   0.50m
    0.5  
4.50m
      0.45  

           
CALCULATION CONCRETE FOOTINGF (BOQ)

MATERIALS

As stated in the drawing, the concrete mix must be Grade 30 (1:1.5:2) with Aggregate ¾”

By using ratio calculation;

1+1.5+2=4.5

1.665
=0.37
4.5

Thus, we can conclude that:

Cement: 0.37m3

Sand: 0.55m3

Aggregates: 0.74m3

1. Cement
 Density of cement: 1440 kg /m3
 0.37m3 needs 532.80kg
 1 bag of cement: 50kg
532.80
 =11bags
50
 0.37m3 required 11 bags of cement
 11bags x RM16.50 = RM181.50

2. Sand
 RM73.60 per m3
 RM73.60 x 0.55m3 : RM40.50
3. Aggregates
 RM94.30 per m3
 RM94.30 x 0.74m3 : RM72.00

LABOUR
  Time taken to mix 1.665m3 concrete:
1.2 x 1.665 = 2.00 hrs/m3
 Labor wages per-hour:
RM60÷8hours = RM7.50
 Labor wages for mixing and placing 1.665m3 concrete manually:
RM 7.50 x 2.00hrs = RM15.00
 15% profit and overhead:
15.00
×15=2.25
100
 Total cost for mixing and placing 1.665m3 concrete manually:
RM15 + RM2.25 = RM17.25
 3
Total cost for 1m = RM 10.36

OPERATIONAL

 1 operator: RM 95/day
 3 general workers: RM 60 x 3 = RM 180/day
 Diesel = 1.6 litre x 8hrs x RM1.87/L = RM 23.94/day
 Lubricant = 0.06 litre x 8hrs x RM20/L = RM 9.60/day
 Sub total operational cost per day = RM 308.54
 Operational cost per hour: RM 308.54 ÷ 8hrs = RM 38.57/hr

MACHINERY

We have decided to rent a Concrete Mixer 300/200 litres to save money on ownership.

 Total materials cost for 1m3: RM 294.00 ÷ 1.665m3 = RM 176.60

 Rental cost: RM 420 per month
 Rental cost per day: RM 420 ÷ 30 = RM14
 Operational cost per day = RM 308.54
 Machine cost per day: RM 14 + RM 308.54 = RM322.54
 Machine cost per hour: RM322.54 ÷ 8hrs = RM 40.32
 Productivity for concrete mixer with capacity 7/5 = 2.25m3 /hr
 Cost of mixing per m3 = RM 40.32 ÷ 2.25m3 /hr = RM 17.92
 Sub total cost for mixing G30: RM 176.60 + RM 17.92 = RM 194.52
 15% profit and overhead: RM 29.20/m3
 Total cost for 1m3: RM 223.70
 COLUMN

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

            F1
12/ 0.225  
    0.125  
0.225
    3.658   3.658
      1.235  
0.125
     

        F2
  2/    
    0.3  
0.6
    0.6   3.658
    3.658  
0.3
      1.317  

           

CALCULATION CONCRETE FOOTINGF (BOQ)

MATERIALS

As stated in the drawing, the concrete mix must be Grade 30 (1:1.5:2) with Aggregate ¾”

By using ratio calculation;

1+1.5+2=4.5

2.552
=0.567
4.5
Thus, we can conclude that:

Cement: 0.567m3

Sand: 0.851m3

Aggregates: 1.134m3

4. Cement
 Density of cement: 1440 kg /m3
 0.567 m3 needs 816.48kg
 1 bag of cement: 50kg
816.48
 =17 bags
50
 0.567m3 required 17 bags of cement
 17bags x RM16.50 = RM280.50

5. Sand
 RM73.60 per m3
 RM73.60 x 0.851m3 : RM62.63
6. Aggregates
 RM94.30 per m3
 RM94.30 x 1.134m3 : RM106.94


LABOUR

 Time taken to mix 2.552m3 concrete:

1.2 x 2.552= 3.06hrs/m3
 Labor wages per-hour:
RM60÷8hours = RM7.50
 Labor wages for mixing and placing 2.552 m3 concrete manually:
RM 7.50 x 3.06hrs = RM22.95
 15% profit and overhead:
22.95
×15=3.44
100
  Total cost for mixing and placing 2.552m3 concrete manually:
RM22.95 + RM3.44 = RM26.39
 3
Total cost for 1m = RM 10.35

OPERATIONAL

 1 operator: RM 95/day
 3 general workers: RM 60 x 3 = RM 180/day
 Diesel = 1.6 litre x 8hrs x RM1.87/L = RM 23.94/day
 Lubricant = 0.06 litre x 8hrs x RM20/L = RM 9.60/day
 Sub total operational cost per day = RM 308.54
 Operational cost per hour: RM 308.54 ÷ 8hrs = RM 38.57/hr

MACHINERY

We have decided to rent a Concrete Mixer 300/200 litres to save money on ownership.

 Total materials cost for 1m3: RM 450.07 ÷ 2.552m3 = RM 176.36

 Rental cost: RM 420 per month
 Rental cost per day: RM 420 ÷ 30 = RM14
 Operational cost per day = RM 308.54
 Machine cost per day: RM 14 + RM 308.54 = RM322.54
 Machine cost per hour: RM322.54 ÷ 8hrs = RM 40.32
 Productivity for concrete mixer with capacity 7/5 = 2.25m 3 /hr
 Cost of mixing per m3 = RM 40.32 ÷ 2.25m 3 /hr = RM 17.92
 Sub total cost for mixing G30: RM 176.36 + RM 17.92 = RM 194.28
 15% profit and overhead: RM 29.14/m3
 Total cost for 1m3: RM 223.42

BEAM

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

            F1
4572x6

3.658 x 3

2.438 x 1

3.048 x 5
 1/ 0.125  
    0.45  

    66.752   0.125
      3.755  
0.45
     

  1/    
    0.125  
4.877
    0.6   0.125
4.267 x 2
    13.411  
0.6
      1.006  

           

1/ 0.125
0.3
3.048

0.1143

1/ 0.125
0.55
3.048

0.21
CALCULATION CONCRETE Beam (BOQ)
MATERIALS

As stated in the drawing, the concrete mix must be Grade 30 (1:1.5:2) with Aggregate ¾”

By using ratio calculation;

1+1.5+2=4.5

5.085
=1.13
4.5

Thus, we can conclude that:

Cement: 1.13m3

Sand: 1.70m3

Aggregates: 2.26m3

7. Cement
 Density of cement: 1440 kg /m3
 1.13m3 needs 1627.2 kg
 1 bag of cement: 50kg
1627.2
 =33 bags
50
 1.13m3 required 33 bags of cement
 33bags x RM16.50 = RM544.50

8. Sand
 RM73.60 per m3
 RM73.60 x 1.7m3 : RM125.12
9. Aggregates
 RM94.30 per m3
 RM94.30 x 2.26m3 : RM213.12
LABOUR

 Time taken to mix 5.085m3 concrete:

1.2 x 5.085 = 6.10 hrs/m3
 Labor wages per-hour:
RM60÷8hours = RM7.50
 Labor wages for mixing and placing 5.085m3 concrete manually:
RM 7.50 x6.10hrs = RM45.75
 15% profit and overhead:
45.75
× 15=6.86
100
 Total cost for mixing and placing 5.085m3 concrete manually:
RM45.75+ RM6.86= RM52.61
 3
Total cost for 1m = RM 10.35

OPERATIONAL

 1 operator: RM 95/day
 3 general workers: RM 60 x 3 = RM 180/day
 Diesel = 1.6 litre x 8hrs x RM1.87/L = RM 23.94/day
 Lubricant = 0.06 litre x 8hrs x RM20/L = RM 9.60/day
 Sub total operational cost per day = RM 308.54
 Operational cost per hour: RM 308.54 ÷ 8hrs = RM 38.57/hr

MACHINERY

We have decided to rent a Concrete Mixer 300/200 litres to save money on ownership.

 Total materials cost for 1m3: RM 882.74÷ 5.085m3 = RM 173.60

 Rental cost: RM 420 per month
 Rental cost per day: RM 420 ÷ 30 = RM14
 Operational cost per day = RM 308.54
  Machine cost per day: RM 14 + RM 308.54 = RM322.54
 Machine cost per hour: RM322.54 ÷ 8hrs = RM 40.32
 Productivity for concrete mixer with capacity 7/5 = 2.25m 3 /hr
 Cost of mixing per m3 = RM 40.32 ÷ 2.25m 3 /hr = RM 17.92
 Sub total cost for mixing G30: RM 173.60 + RM 17.92 = RM 191.52
 15% profit and overhead: RM 28.73/m3
 Total cost for 1m3: RM 220.30
SLAB

SLAB - GROUND FLOOR

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

     
3/     Volume of slab with 125 mm thick.
  3.048   Concrete grade 30 ( 1:1:5:2 - 20 aggregates)
  4.572    

    5.226  

       

 
1/ Volume of slab with 125 mm thick.
  10.668 Concrete grade 30 ( 1:1:5:2 - 20 aggregates)
  3.658  

  4.878  

   

 
1/ Volume of slab with 125 mm thick.
  1.524 Concrete grade 30 ( 1:1:5:2 - 20 aggregates)
  4.572  

  0.871  
 
1/ Volume of slab with 125 mm thick.
  7.01 Concrete grade 30 ( 1:1:5:2 - 20 aggregates)
  4.572  

  4.006  

TOTAL 14.981
 REINFORCEMENT - GROUND FLOOR SLAB

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

      FS1- F5
12/     BRC A8
    Bar Ø = 8 mm
  5.4    Bottom area = 1.8 x 3.0= 5.4

    64.8  Top area = 5.4 – (1/3 x 1.8)(1/ x 3)= 4.8

       

 
12/ Volume of slab with 125 mm thick.
  4.8 Concrete grade 30 ( 1:1:5:2 - 20 aggregates)
   

  57.6  (+) Bend = 5.5d

   5.5(0.008)= 0.044

 
15/
  0.044
   

  0.66  

123.06
 TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

      FS6- FS10
2/     BRC A8
    Bar Ø = 8 mm
  4.5    Bottom area = 1.8 x 2.5= 4.5

    9.0  Top area = 4.5 – (1/3 x 1.8)(1/3 x 2.5)= 40

       

 
2/
  4.0
   

  8,0  (+) Bend = 5.5d

   5.5(0.008)= 0.044

 
2/
  0.044
   

  0.088  

17.088
 TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

      FS11- FS15
2/     BRC A8
    Bar Ø = 8 mm
  15    Bottom area = 5.0 x 3.0= 15.0

    30  Top area = 15.0– (1/3 x 5)(1/3 x 3)= 13.33

       

 
2/
  13.33
   

  26.66  (+) Bend = 5.5d

   5.5(0.008)= 0.044

 
8/
  0.044
   

  0.352  

57.012

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

      FS16- FS20
10/     BRC A8
    Bar Ø = 8 mm
  22.5    Bottom area = 7.5x 3.0= 22.5

    225  Top area = 22.5– (1/3 x 7.5)(1/3 x 3)= 20.0

       

 
10/
  20.0
   

  200  (+) Bend = 5.5d

  425  5.5(0.008)= 0.044

TIMESING DIMENSION VOLUME DESCRIPTION

      FS11- FS15
2/     BRC A8
    Bar Ø = 8 mm
  18.75    Bottom area = 7.5 x 2.5= 18.75

 Top area = 18.75– (1/3 x 7.5)(1/3 x 2.5)=

37.5
    16.67

       

 
2/
  16.67
   

  33.34  (+) Bend = 5.5d

   5.5(0.008)= 0.044

 
8/
  0.044
   

  0.352  

71.192

Taking off (form work)

Stump column work

Times Dim Result description Unit Quantity

Stump

2/0.15
 0.3
2/0.75
0.35

19 m2
1.85

0.65 1.85
0.15

Foundations and beds work

Times Dim Result description Unit Quantity

Fwk to fdns
&beds

4/1.0
4.0
19

76 m
76.0

CALCULATION
TOTAL STEEL REINFORCEMENT
MATERIAL

1. BRC A8
RM9.88 per m2
RM9.883 × 1401.912 m2 = RM13850.89
5% wastage = RM692.54
Total = RM13850.89 + RM692.54 = RM14543.43
2. Tensile steel bar T12
RM2.33 per kg
RM2.33 × 642.31 kg = RM1496.58
5% wastage = RM74.83
Total = RM1496.58 + RM74.83 = RM1571.41

3. Tensile steel bar T16

RM2.15 per kg
RM2.15 × 143.28 kg = RM308.10
5% wastage = RM15.40
Total = RM308.10 + RM15.40 = RM323.51

4. Mild steel bar R6

 RM2.28 per kg
 RM2.28 × 27.78 kg = RM63.40
36
 5% wastage = RM3.17
 Total = RM63.40 + RM3.17 = RM66.57
5. Mild steel bar R10
 RM2.23 per kg

 RM2.23 × 12.89 kg = RM28.75

 5% wastage = RM1.44

 Total = RM28.75 + RM1.44 = RM30.19

o Total cost for material = RM16,535.11

LABOUR
 General worker (for helping fixing):

RM60÷8hours = RM 7.50
 Bar bender = 20hrs × RM60/8hrs = RM150
 Skilled workers (fixing) = 25hrs × RM55/8hr = RM171.88
 Labor to lay BRC Weldmesh = RM1.80/m2
Area of BRC = 1401.912 m2
Cost of labor = RM1.80 × 1401.912 = RM2523.44
 Sub-total for labor = RM2852.82

Total cost:
 Sub-total cost = material cost + labor cost

= RM 16535.11 + RM2852.82 = RM19,387.93/tonne

 15% profit & overhead = RM2,908.20
 Total cost per tonne = RM22,296.13
 Total cost per kg = RM22296.13/1000kg = RM22.30
4.0 BUILD-UP RATE CALCULATION 1M³ SOIL EXCAVATION

For 1m3 soil excavation manually using hand

TYPE BXLXH
F1 450 X 450 X 500

Item Rate
Worker salary (8 hours working/day) RM60/day (RM7.5/hour)
Soil excavation not exceeding 1.5m depth 2.5 hour/m³
Spreading up soil in making up level (surface to receive 0.12 hour/m²
pad footing)

Filling in and ramming soil 0.60 hour/m³

Carting away remainder load 1.20 hour/m³
Typical soil expansion 25%
Profit 20%
1. Cost of excavating out
Total depth of excavation = 0.05m +0 .50m + 1.0m

= 1.55m

Total Volume of excavation (1.20m depth):

V =lxwxd

= 0.45 x 0.45 x 1.55

= 0.314 m3

Cost = 0.314 m3 x 2.5 hour/m3 x (RM 60.00/8 hour)

=RM 5.89

2. Cost of spread up in making up level (surface to receive pad footing)

= (0.45m x 0.45m) x 0.12 hour/m2 x RM 7.5/ hour

= RM 0.20

3. Cost of filling in and ramming

Actual volume to be filled in and rammed= total volume of excavation – (volume
of pad footing incl. lean con 0.314 m3 – (0.45m x 0.45m x 0.50m) volume of
stump + volume at ground beam level)

= [0.314 m3 – (0.45m x 0.45m x 0.50m) – π r2t – (volume of ground

beam)] x 0.60hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

=0.314 m3 – (0.45m x 0.45m x 0.50m) – π (0.125)2(0.40m) –

(0.1250 x 0.6 x 0.6) x 0.60hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

=0.15m3 x 0.60hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

= RM 0.70

4. Cost of carting away remainder load

Volume to be carted away= total volume of excavation – volume to be filled in
and rammed

= [0.314 m3 – (0.15 m3 x 1.25)] x 1.20 hour/ m3 x RM 7.5/hour

 = (0.3145 m3 – 0.188 m3) x 1.20hour x RM 7.5/hour

= RM1.13

5. Profit =20% x [(RM 5.89 +RM 0.20+ RM 0.70 +RM1.13)/0.314]

=RM5.04

6. Cost of 1 m3 excavation =1.20 x [RM 5.89 + RM 0.20+ RM 0.70 + RM1.13)/0.314]

= RM 30.27
5.0 BUILD-UP RATE CALCULATION FOR 1M³ OF SELECTED CONCRETE GRADE USING
CONCRETE MIXER

Concrete grade 25 (1:1:2)

1. Material cost

a. Cement/bag = RM19.50

b. Sand/m³ = RM53.00

c. Aggregate/m³ = RM60.00

1m³ cement X RM19.50 X 28 bag = RM546.00

1m³ sand X RM53.00 = RM53.00

2m³ aggregate X RM60.00 = RM 120.00
RM719.00

Wastage + shrinkage = 50%

50% X RM719.00 = RM359.50

RM1078.50

RM1078.50 / 4m³ of concrete = RM269.63

1. Labour constant
a. Mixing concrete = 3.00 hour/m³
b. Lifting and carrying concrete = 1.20 hour/m³
c. Compacting concrete = 0.80 hour/m³
d. Leveling surface of concrete = 0.10 hour/m

RM10.00 X 3.00 hour/m³ = RM30.00

RM10.00 X 1.20 hour/m³ = RM12.00

RM7.00 X 0.80 hour/m³ = RM5.60

RM60.00/day / 8 hours = RM7.50

 RM7.50 X 0.10 hour/m³ = RM0.75
RM48.35

Cost material + labour = RM313.66

2. Other information
a. Skill labour = RM80.00
b. General labour = RM60.00
c. Overhead = 7%
RM80.00/day / 8 hours = RM10.00

RM60.00/day / 8 hours = RM7.50

RM17.50

Cost material + labour + other information = RM331.16

Profit + overhead = 12%

12% x RM331.16 = RM39.74

RM 371.60

Cost in 1m³ for concrete grade 25 = RM370.90

8.0 AMOUNT OF PERFORMANCE BOND

Contract Sum = RM 20,000.00

= 5% x Contract Sum

= 5% x RM 20,000.00

= RM 1000.00

9.0 AMOUNT OF LIQUIDATED ASCERTAINED DAMAGES (LAD) PER DAY

Contract Sum = RM 20,000.00

Base Lending Rate of RHB Bank Berhad = 6.70 %

BLR× Contract
∑¿ ¿
LAD =
365 Days

6.70 % × RM 20,000.00
=
365 Days

= RM 3.67
10.0 FILA TABLE

No Facts Ideas Learning Issues Action/ Resources

Needed
1 The semi-d house need  The concrete  Why we need  Find related
to be non-portable, and frame rests on reinforced journals at
made of reinforced foundations, concrete library.
concrete frame which transfer the structure in
structure. forces from the building?
building to the
ground.
 The concrete is
strong in
compression,
easy to produce
at site,
inexpensive and
very strong in
tension.
2 The semi-d house need  Need to do the  What are the
to excavate the ground excavation work safety  Refer to the
for pad footing. first before proceed precautions safety
to the other that need to supervisor to
progress. be alert while get the
doing information
excavation on safety
work? about
excavation
works.
 What is  Find the
the best
way to do information
an through
excavation books and
work? websites.

3 Pad footing is a type of  Foundation must be  How to  Refer to the

foundation to support built to keep the build a professional
the structures. ground moisture strong engineers
from seeping in and foundation about the
weakening the for a foundation.
structures. building?
  Does a
 Find the
foundation
 The strength of a information
require much
building lies in through
excavation?
its foundation. books,
journals, and
internet.

4 The semi-d house  Proper concrete mix  Do we use a  In-situ

should use a proper design is important pre-cast concrete is
concrete mix design. to have a high concrete or more
workability and in-situ economical.
durability concrete?

5 Building need to do  Need to link the  What are the  Refer to the
ground beam after do piles together and safety senior
the pad footing process. provide a precautions to supervisor.
platform for do the ground
further beam works?
superstructure
construction.