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Chuc Mung Nam Moi 2017

Bien tap:
Dien Dan Bat Dang Thuc

Ebook nay duoc tao ra vi muc dich giao duc. Khong duoc su
dung ban Ebook nay duoi bat ky muc dich thuong mai nao, tru
khi duoc su dong y cua tac gia. Moi chi tiet xin vui long lien he
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The Inequality Forum

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Contributors Of The Book

Editor. NGUYEN Dinh Ty (dtng.vif )

Admin, TIF Forum
Editor. NGUYEN Dinh Thien Phat (dtpng-tif )
Mod, TIF Forum

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Problems

Problem 1 (All russian olympiad 2016, Day 2, grade 9, P8). Let a, b, c, d be

positive a + b + c + d = 3. Prove that
1 1 1 1 1
2
+ 2+ 2+ 2 ≤ 2 2 2 2
a b c d a b c d

Problem 2 (All russian olympiad 2016, Day 2, grade 11, P7). Let a, b, c, d be
positive real numbers such that a + b + c + d = 3. Prove that
1 1 1 1 1
3
+ 3+ 3+ 3 ≤ 3 3 3 3
a b c d a b c d

Problem 3 (Azerbaijan BMO TST 2016). Let a, b, c be non-negative real

numbers. Prove that
√ √ √  2 2 2
3 a2 + b2 + c2 ≥ (a + b + c)


ab + bc + ca + (a − b) + (b − c) + (c − a)
2
≥ (a + b + c)

Problem 4 (Azerbaijan Junior Mathematical Olympiad 2016). Let x, y, z be

real numbers. Prove that
√
r r r
1 1 1
x + 2 + y + 2 + z2 + 2 ≥ 3 2
2 2
y z x

Problem 5 (2016 China Western Mathematical Olympiad). Let a1 , a2 , . . . , an

k
P
be non-negative real numbers, Sk = ai with 1 ≤ k ≤ n. Prove that
i=1
 
n
X n
X n
X 2
ai Si a2j  ≤ (ai Si )
i=1 j=i i=1

Problem 6 (Croatia Team Selection Test 2016). Let n ≥ 1 and x1 , . . . , xn ≥ 0.

Prove that
 x2 xn  (n + 1)2 2
x1 + + ... + (x1 + 2x2 + . . . + nxn ) ≤ (x1 + x2 + . . . + xn )
2 n 4n

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Problem 7 (EGMO 2016). Let n be an odd positive integer, and let x1 , x2 , · · · , xn

be non-negative real numbers. Show that
min x2i + x2i+1 ≤ max (2xj xj+1 )


i=1,...,n j=1,...,n

where xn+1 = x1 .

Problem 8 (Team Selection Test for EGMO). Prove that

x4 y + y 4 z + z 4 x + xyz x3 + y 3 + z 3 ≥ (x + y + z) (3xyz − 1)

for all positive real numbers x, y, z.

Problem 9 (Korea National Olympiad Final Round 2016). If x, y, z satisfies

x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1, find the maximum possible value of
x2 − yz y 2 − zx z 2 − xy

Problem 10 (Hong Kong Team Selection Test 2016). Let a, b, c be positive

real numbers satisfying abc = 1. Determine the smallest possible value of
a3 + 8 b3 + 8 c3 + 8
+ +
a3 (b + c) b3 (a + c) c3 (b + a)

Problem 11 (IMC 2016). Let n be a positive integer. Also let a1 , a2 , . . . , an ,

b1 , b2 , . . . , bn be real numbers such that ai + bi > 0 for i = 1, 2, . . . , n. Prove that
n n n
!2
X X X
n
ai · bi − bi
X ai bi − b2i i=1 i=1 i=1
≤ n
i=1
ai + bi X
(ai + bi )
i=1

Problem 12 (India International Mathematical Olympiad Training Camp

2016). Let a, b, c, d be real numbers satisfying |a|, |b|, |c|, |d| > 1 and abc + abd +
acd + bcd + a + b + c + d = 0. Prove that
1 1 1 1
+ + + >0
a−1 b−1 c−1 d−1

Problem 13 (India Regional Mathematical Olympiad 2016). Let a, b, c be

positive real numbers such that a + b + c = 3. Determine, with certainty, the largest
possible value of the expression
a b c
+ 3 + 3
a3 + b + c b + c + a c + a2 + b
2 2

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Problem 14 (2016 India National Math Olympiad (3rd Round)). Let a, b, c ∈

R+ and abc = 1. Prove that
a+b b+c c+a 2
2
+ 2
+ 2
≥
(a + b + 1) (b + c + 1) (c + a + 1) a+b+c

Problem 15 (Iran TST 2016). Let a, b, c, d be positive real numbers such that
1 1 1 1
+ + + = 2.
a+1 b+1 c+1 d+1
Prove that
r r r r
a2 + 1 b2 + 1 c2 + 1 d2 + 1 √ √ √ √ 
+ + + ≥3 a+ b+ c+ d −8
2 2 2 2

Problem 16 (Team Selection Test for JBMO). Prove that

(x4 + y)(y 4 + z)(z 4 + x) ≥ (x + y 2 )(y + z 2 )(z + x2 )
for all positive real numbers x, y, z satisfying xyz ≥ 1.

Problem 17 (Junior Balkan MO 2016). Let a, b, c be positive real numbers.

Prove that
8 8 8 8 8 8
+ + +a2 +b2 +c2 ≥ + +
(a + b)2 + 4abc (b + c)2 + 4abc (a + c)2 + 4abc a+3 b+3 c+3

Problem 18 (Junior Balkan Team Selection Test 2016). Let a, b, c ∈ R+ , prove

that
2a 2b 2c p
√ +√ +√ ≤ 3(a + b + c)
3a + b 3b + c 3c + a

Problem 19 (Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania 2016). Let a, b, c >
0 and abc ≥ 1. Prove that
1 1 1 1
+ + ≤
a3 + 2b3 + 6 b3 + 2c3 + 6 c3 + 2a3 + 6 3

Problem 20 (Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania 2016). Let a, b, c

be real numbers such that a ≥ b ≥ 1 ≥ c ≥ 0 and a + b + c = 3.
a) Prove that 2 ≤ ab + bc + ca ≤ 3
b) Prove that
24 25
+ ≥ 14
a3 + b3 + c3 ab + bc + ca

Problem 21 (Korea Winter Program Practice Test 2016 ). Let x, y, z ≥ 0 be

real numbers such that (x + y − 1)2 + (y + z − 1)2 + (z + x − 1)2 = 27.
Find the maximum and minimum of x4 + y 4 + z 4

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Problem 22 (Macedonian National Olympiad 2016). Let n ≥ 3 and a1 , a2 , ..., an

be real positive numbers such that
1 1 1
4 + 4 + ... + =1
1 + a1 1 + a2 1 + a4n
Prove that
n
a1 a2 ...an ≥ (n − 1) 4

Problem 23 (Mediterranean Mathematics Olympiad 2016). Let a, b, c be pos-

itive real numbers with a + b + c = 3. Prove that
r r r r
b c a 34 1
+ + ≤
a2 + 3 b2 + 3 c2 + 3 2 abc

Problem 24 (Middle European Mathematical Olympiad 2016). Let n ≥ 2 be

an integer, and let x1 , x2 , . . . , xn be reals for which
(a) xj > −1 for j = 1, 2, . . . , n and
(b) x1 + x2 + . . . + xn = n.
Prove that
n n
X 1 X xj
≥
j=1
1 + x j j=1
1 + x2j

Problem 25 (Pan-African Mathematical Olympiad problems from 2016). Let

x, y, z be positive real numbers such that xyz = 1. Prove that
1 1 1 1
+ + ≤
(x + 1)2 + y 2 + 1 (y + 1)2 + z 2 + 1 (z + 1)2 + x2 + 1 2

Problem 26 (2016√ San√Diego Math

√ Olympiad). Let u, v, w be positive real
numbers such that u vw +v wu+w uv ≥ 1. Find the smallest value of u+v +w.

Problem 27 (2016 Selection round of Kiev team to UMO). Let a, b, c > 0 such
that a + b + c = 3, prove that
a2 b2 c2 3
2
+ 2
+ 2
≥
a+b b+c c+a 2

Problem 28 (2016 Selection round of Kiev team to UMO). Let be positive

real numbers x, y, z. Prove that
x2 y2 z2 (x + y + z)3
+ + ≥
xy + z yz + x xz + y 3(x2 (y + 1) + y 2 (z + 1) + z 2 (x + 1)

Problem 29 (2016 Taiwan TST Round 2). Let x, y > 0 such that x + y = 1.
Prove that  
x y x y
+ 3 ≤2 + 2
x2 + y 3 x + y2 x + y2 x +y
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Problem 30 (Taiwan TST Round 3). Let x, y, z > 0 such that x + y + z = 1.

Find the smallest k such that
x2 y 2 y2 z2 z 2 x2
+ + ≤ k − 3xyz
1−z 1−x 1−y

Problem 31 (Turkey EGMO TST 2016). For all x, y, z > 0. Prove that
x4 y + y 4 z + z 4 x + xyz x3 + y 3 + z 3 ≥ (x + y + z)(3xyz − 1)

Problem 32 (Turkey Team Selection Test 2016). Let a, b, c ≥ 0 such that

a2 + b2 + c2 ≤ 3. Prove that
(a + b + c)(a + b + c − abc) ≥ 2 a2 b + b2 c + c2 a

Problem 33 (2016 Turkmenistan Regional Math Olympia). If a, b, c are tri-

angle sides. Prove that
r r r
a b c
+ + ≥3
−a + b + c −b + c + a −c + a + b

Problem 34 (India Regional Mathematical Olympiad 2016). Let a, b, c > 0

such that
a b c
+ + = 1.
1+a 1+b 1+c
Prove that abc ≤ 18 .

Problem 35 (Spain Mathematical Olympiad 2016). Let n ≥ 2 an integer.

Find the least value of γ such that for any positive real numbers x1 , x2 , ..., xn with
x1 + x2 + ... + xn = 1 and y1 + y2 + ... + yn = 1 with 0 ≤ y1 , y2 , ..., yn ≤ 21 the
following inequality holds
x1 x2 ...xn ≤ γ (x1 y1 + x2 y2 + ... + xn yn )

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