REPORT

SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORK

MININET
Table of Contents
Abstract:......................................................................................................................................................1
Introduction:...............................................................................................................................................2
Aims and Objectives:...................................................................................................................................5
Statistical Analysis/Methods:......................................................................................................................6
Literature review:........................................................................................................................................6
MININET's Characteristics:..........................................................................................................................9
WALKTHROUGH:.......................................................................................................................................10
A. Minimalistic...........................................................................................................................................10
Methodology and Procedure:....................................................................................................................16
Activity Plan/Timeline:.............................................................................................................................19
Conclusion:................................................................................................................................................20
Abstract:
The network, data, and control planes are. separated by a defined software network (SDN),
which allows centralized management. This important functionality is used by many cloud
computing platforms, business data centers, and service providers. Through the use of
software-defined data centers. Mininet was used in this study to demonstrate how SDN can be
used at different levels of measurement. Software-defined networking (SDN) has emerged as
one of the most important options for managing large, complex networks that may require
periodic police redesign or redesign. SDN allows for easy reconfiguration of police by removing
the control plane from the data plane. As a result, network switches or routers simply forward
the packets based on the rules of the control flight flow table. The most widely used SDN
protocol or standard is OpenFlow, which contains a set of design requirements. Mininet testing,
an SDN simulation tool, is featured in this paper. Mininnet limitations depending on the
location of the simulation and the strength of the resources were investigated experimentally.
Mininet's scope for creating multiple topology is tested with different node numbers and two
different environmental conditions for final evaluation.

Mininet is a network simulator that allows you to simulate large networks on a single computer
or virtual machine with limited resources. Mininet was intended to assist scholars with
Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Open Flow research. On a standard PC, Mininet
emulator allows you to use unencrypted code in conjunction with virtual hardware. It combines
luxury and authenticity with limited costs. Computer testing beds, fast and accurate but also
expensive and shared, can be used instead of Mininet. Another option is to use a template,
which is less expensive but slower and requires a code change. Mininet is easy to use, analyzed,
and accurate in operation.

Introduction:
Every day, the network grows. As more devices are introduced into the network, IT
administrators will find it very difficult to configure ACLs and other network parameters on
devices. The key to today's situation is flexibility and orderliness. SDN (Software Defined
Networks) is a new network technology that integrates the two principles listed above.
Compared to older Hardware Defined Networks (HDN), the packet delivery delays are lower,
leading to higher outputs. The approach presented in this paper serves as evidence-based
evidence (POC) for improving SDN-based route exit (Prasad, 2014).
SDN (software-defined networking) is an old communication technology that allows you to
jump directly to the next generation of network structures. As shown in Figure 1, SDN requires
a variety of techniques for the central controller to interact with the distributed data plane.
Fans, switches, connectors, and SDN / Open Flow controls all require modeling. Mininet [1]
enables the rapid construction and testing of large topology with thousands of nodes. It
includes command-line tools and an easy-to-use API. Mininet makes it easy to create,
customize, share, and test SDN networks.

Mininet is a free open source software program to emulate Open Flow devices and SDN
controls. With the help of the controller, Mininet can emulate and test SDN networks [2]. It can
be used to model network conditions in the real world. Mininet VM comes with pre-installed
SDN controllers. The default controls are sufficient, however the POX control [3] is used to
construct advanced ideas.

Software Defined Networking (SDN) and SDN controllers have become popular in network
management in recent years. Software Defined Networking (SDN), which contains a separate
control panel for each network device in a standard network, such as switches and routers,
solves common network problems by not only providing options but also processing per device.
The Network Monitoring System (NMS) is important for the complete visualization of network
devices because there is no central view of networked devices (Prasad, 2014).

To better understand why SDN is so important? We need to look at what SDN had before.
Traditional system management structures have serious weaknesses that need to be addressed
if today's IT expectations are met. Today's system needs to grow smoothly so that it can carry
more work while keeping costs low. Mininet was used to mimic and test the proposed design.
Mininet was also used as a visual user interface.
Aims and Objectives:
Mininet uses the official kernel, switch, and application code and generates virtual reality
network on a single machine (VM, cloud, or environment) per second in a single command.

Mininet is ready for development, teaching, and research as you can simply connect to your
network using the Mininet CLI (and API), update it, share it with others, and use it on real
hardware.

Mininet is also an excellent site for learning, discussing, and exploring Open Flow and P4-based
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) solutions. Mininet is developed and supported, and is
available under the BSD Open Source license, which is free. We accept code, bug reports /
reports, documents, or anything else that will help with system development.

This study focuses on the problems, opportunities, and research topics surrounding software
defined networking (SDN), and how to select the best available SDN controller to help large
companies reduce network complexity, startup costs, and network maintenance.

If the network needs to be scaled up or down, the normal network has no flexibility because it
relies solely on physical features such as routers and switches. SDN, paradigm technology, can
fix this (Software Specified Networks). Network administrators can use SDN to isolate the
control plane in the data plane and logically execute control functions within the software
controller. The SDN prototype of Single Controller (SC) and Multi Controller (MC) architecture in
mininet, a flexible template, is proposed in this study. In contrast to the single-control (SC)
design, simulation reflects the SDN structure of the Multi-Controller (MC), which improves
efficiency and demonstrates the ability to manage measurement networks. In a hierarchical
network, the proposed function suggests establishing user-defined controls in the built-in Open
Flow controls, as well as internal and inter-cluster interactions. We demonstrate network
robustness by increasing the number of host nodes (Carranza, 2016).

Statistical Analysis/Methods:
To achieve the goal, literature reviews were conducted in the areas of defined communication
software, SDN protocol (Open Flow), and SDN research topics. One of the most controversial
topics these days is software defined networking. This strategy is believed to be one of the
most promising to intelligently separate the SDN controller into central controls, as well as to
separate control and data flights. The critical issues, barriers, and current network
requirements of any large company using a regular network are examined in this study. Among
all the practical ways to do material, Software-Defined Networking uses this point at the
communication level and provides the network with a "operating system." As a result, the
control mind of package processing devices is switched to external controls, and these separate
control planes offer more reliability, durability, and performance than fully distributed systems.
This fact pushes the network closer to the application layer, allowing applications to
communicate directly with the network. The requirements for developing a virtualized network,
on the other hand, are difficult to meet, so efficient test sites should expose success. Mininet-
based simulation can replicate large topology on a single computer in this field (Kreutz, 2015).

Literature review:
1. Although the software described for network integration is a new term, it has roots in various
areas of research and development. The book "The Road to SDN: An Intellectual History of
Programmable Networks" explores the background of software-defined software and how it
came to be.
2. SDN overcomes many challenges of traditional networks by separating control planes from
data, making network management easier. "Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive
Networking" explores the differences between defined software networks and traditional
networks in more detail.

3. Traditional networks are difficult to manage because the operators have to configure each
device individually. Figure 1 shows the differences in the SDN paradigm. “Hybrid Software
Defined Research Opportunities and Challenges

Networks are a type of organization "introducing a study of multimedia models, which includes
how to integrate SDNs with conventional network infrastructure as well as a way to analyze
various multimedia models.

4. Below Figure shows that, SDN, control planes and data are separated.
5. We have selected Mininet to create and run tests on virtual SDNs. Mininet not only allows
you to quickly set up large networks, but also supports SDN. "Mobile Computer Network: Rapid
Prototyping for Software-Defined Networks" originally published this information.

6. Mininet is an excellent resource for research and education. "Teaching Software Defined
Networking: Not Just Coding" discusses how to incorporate SDNs into courses and provides
research on how SDNs are taught to New Zealand students.

7. The school used both visual network equipment and Mininet to build a virtual network. This
research underscores the need for universities to prepare students for this rapidly evolving
technology. When it comes to making these networks a reality, "Modeling Software Defined
Networks with Mininet" describes how to use Mininet to test SDN capabilities. (Source: Lister,
2014).

8. The software facilitates the deployment of visual SDN technology in a cost-effective and
timely manner. According to the book "Hands-on Labs and Tools for Teaching Software Defined
Network (SDN) to Undergraduates," Mininet is used by colleges like James Madison University
to teach SDN concepts (Ready, 2016).

9. This paper only discusses a virtualized field, while our research is conducted in a mixed, visual
and virtual environment. "Software-Defined Networking and Network Programmability: Use
Cases for Defense and Intelligence Communities" explains how SDNs can benefit DOD. 10. The
study not only shows why it is important for DOD to adopt SDNs, but also explains how SDNs
can alleviate many DOD communication problems.
and safety concerns. One such example of the use of Software Defined Networking11 is "Using
SDN to Manage Video Streaming Requests to the Military Mobile Network." SDNs can be used
to manage our military data in an efficient and effective way.

MININET's Characteristics:
MININET may use programming languages and conventional operating systems to create new
topologies and software functions.

Possibilities:

Interactivity: As if it were a real-world occurrence, the simulated network must be installed in

the real network (Feamster, 2013).

Genuine relationships:

To create huge networks, a prototype environment with hundreds or thousands of switches on

a single machine must be used.

Realistic:

The prototype behavior must be capable of accurately modelling real-time behavior; thus, no
code update should be required while employing apps and protocol stacks.

Shareable:

Other contributors should be able to perform and change the tests using the prototypes that
were generated.
WALKTHROUGH:
To start Mininet as root, you'll need to use the sudo command. On the Mininet$ sudo mn -h
command line, this command displays the help menu. Start wire shark in the background with
the command, to view control traffic using the OpenFlow Wireshark dissector (Feamster,2013).

TOPOLOGIES OF MININETS

Mininet comes with a number of pre-configured topologies, including minimal, single, inverted,
linear, and tree [10]. This section goes through each of these topologies in detail.

Understanding the naming conventions for interfaces, hosts, and services. Mininet success
necessitates the use of switches. The names of the switches range from s1 to sN. h1 to hN are
the names of the hosts. Host interfaces are given a name that begins with 0 and ends with the
host's name. The first interface of host 'h1' is referred to as 'h1-eth0,' while the third interface
of host 'h2' is referred to as 'h2-eth2.' 's1-eth1' is the name of the first port on the switch's1.'
The numbering of switches starts with 1. (Vanbever, 2014).
A. Minimalistic
The minimal topology consists of one OpenFlow switch and two hosts. It also establishes
connections between the switch and two hosts (Fig. 3).

B. Unmarried

With one Open Flow switch and k hosts, it's a straightforward topology. It also establishes a
connection between the switch and the k hosts (Fig. 4).
# mn—single topo, 4

Reversed

It's similar to single topology, however the order of connections is reversed (Fig. 5)
Linear:

Linear topology contains k switches and k hosts. It also creates a link between each switch and
each host and among the switches (Fig. 6).
Tree:

Tree topology contains k levels and 2 hosts are attached to per switch (Fig. 7).

$ Sudo wire shark & Wireshark hosts packages in the loopback interface of Mininet VM.
The visual interface of the command line is reached and the minimum topology is started using
the following command. It is an automatic setup, and comes with an OpenFlow switch that
connects two strangers to the route (Kreutz, 2015).

Mininet default topology is small, single, retractable, straight, and tree. C0 refers to the
network controller, S1 to Sn refers to the switches, and H1 to Hn refers to the hosts.

Methodology and Procedure:

To collect research data for this study, the researcher will use an informed research approach.
The researcher will obtain the results by examining the test data using quantitative or
qualitative tracking methods in this research method. Evidence-based research is divided into
other research methods in its own way and factors, which are determined by the nature of the
investigation. This method of research should be understood by all researchers. Quality or
quantity control methods can be used in experimental studies. Based on a sample of data,
which may be numeric or non-numeric. Experimental research differs from research into
flexible theoretical research based on speculation. Evaluation is used in science to determine
the potential for flexible research experiments (Lantz, 2010).

The researcher for this study will focus on primary data obtained from responsible persons in
the structures and institutions in charge of and likely to identify different organisations for tax
evasion from the standpoint of methods and sources used. The researcher will also study the
legislation governing the detection of tax evasion within the legal framework, noting the flaws
in reform recommendations. Interview guides and direct observations will be used to obtain
primary data, while survey questions will be used to acquire quantitative data. Finally,
secondary information will be gathered through documentary and internet research (online
documents and books). Secondary data will be acquired from free online resources such CORE,
Science Open, Directory of Open Access Journals, Education Resources Information Center,
Public Library of Science, and Open-door. Documentary research, quantitative and qualitative
research will be included in the study materials, with a special character reserved for qualitative
and quantitative indicators based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, other
international organizations working in relevant fields have submitted reports.

Introduction, methods, findings, and discussions are the four aspects of empirical research. The
introduction lays the groundwork for empirical research and explains how to characterize study
designs, methodologies, and tools. The term "results" refers to outcomes that can be
characterized as statistical data or data gathered through qualitative observations of survey
variables. The value of research and engagement in knowledge is emphasized throughout the
conversation.

The empirical research cycle is a five-step method that describes how to do experimental
research in a systematic way. It ties together five critical steps in what is known as a deductive
approach to empirical research. All phases in the empirical method cycle are interconnected,
and no process is more significant than the others. This course provides a comprehensive
overview of the steps involved in developing research hypotheses and methodically evaluating
them with empirical data.

The process of obtaining experimental data for research objectives is known as observation.
The researcher would collect relevant experimental data, which was produced to inform the
research hypothesis, using qualitative or quantitative observation methods at this point. Based
on their observations during the induction phase, the researcher will utilise inductive reasoning
to come up with broad and possible study findings. The researchers develop broad hypotheses
to explain the empirical data and then continue to track the data using these assumptions.
Deductive reasoning is the next step (Berger, Ghouri, Ishikawa, Sauvant, and Stephenson,
2019). This is where the researcher will use logic and observable reasoning to generate
hypotheses. During the testing phase, the researcher will generate hypotheses that will be
tested using qualitative or quantitative research methodologies. To get objective results that
support or refute study hypotheses, the researcher will combine systematic research with
experimental approaches. The final stage of experimental research is research evaluation. This
part includes a description of the study, as well as supporting empirical data, findings and
discussion, and problems faced during the research process.

Empirical research is adaptable, and the researcher can change the data sample size, data
collection method, and data analysis methodologies as needed throughout the research
process. This type of investigation will aid in determining how different search settings effect
search results. It will also assist the researcher in honing important observational and analytical
skills. This could be valuable in fast-paced research situations. Researchers can use this strategy
to adjust several search variables to get the most relevant search results. It's usually considered
to be one of the most dependable and effective research methods. To improve the intrinsic
validity of traditional research, it employs a variety of investigative and experimental
observation approaches.

The Research's Limitations:

This research approach has a number of drawbacks, including the fact that it takes a long time
because researchers must collect empirical data from numerous sources, which takes time. This
is not a viable research strategy. Because the study experimented with numerous data
collection methods, this survey approach is generally expensive due to the economic demands
of field surveys (Androff, 2015). Collecting the requisite samples of experimental data is tough.
During the data collection process, it can be challenging to reach out to particular communities
and businesses. This may have an impact on the survey's efficiency. The experimental research
report is thorough and versatile (Oliveira,2014).

Sampling:
For this study, data on population, registration, and identification will be collected using an
empirical method or by reasoned choice, taking into account the number of factories and
organizations spread across the various communes and provinces in the Democratic Republic of
Congo (Golub, Mbaye, and Igué, 2019).

Activity Plan/Timeline:
This research will consist of 5 chapters.

Chapter 1st Introduction 3 days

Chapter 2nd Literature Review 4 days
Chapter 3rd Methodology 4 days
Chapter 4th Research Questions and 5 days
Findings
Chapter 5th Conclusion and 3 days
Recommendations

SDN-related ethical concerns:

Software-Defined Networks (SDNs) are not a new way of communicating with computers
because they are proposing a new model to control the transmission and distribution of online
data packets. Because research on this topic is still ongoing, there are a few devices that
integrate SDN functionality, such as routers and switches; also, the existing ones are more
expensive. Another option is to hire virtual network emulators so that researchers can perform
tests and test different aspects of this new paradigm by working at low cost. As a result, this
article focuses on the investigation and testing of Mininet, an SDN simulation tool. In addition
to the limitations of the tool regarding operational reliability between simulated and real
environments, preliminary experiments suggested that the ability to perform quick and easy
prototyping, ensure usability, and the ability to share results with tools free of charge are good
factors that help scientists improve their skills. research. After the introduction of specific
principles of this paradigm, such as the principle of its appearance, its components, and its
functionality, other net prototypes are developed to better understand Mininet's tool, as well
as testing to highlight its benefits and uses. obstacles (Oliveira, 2014).

Conclusion:
To conclude this discussion we may say that, Mininet is a framework for fast-paced network
prototyping. It can use unstructured network application code on both small and large
networks. Launch SDN testing on network simulation options. In network management,
Software Defined Networking (SDN) and SDN controllers have become hot topics. Software
Defined Networking (SDN), which contains a separate control panel for each network device in
a standard network, such as switches and routers, solves common network problems by not
only providing options but also processing per device. Network Monitoring System (NMS) is
essential for complete network visibility because there is no centralized view of network
devices. Real-world systems are extremely difficult to change. Visual machines make topology
changes easier, but have difficulty measuring. Parameters are an active option, but the same
source code cannot be used on real hardware.

References:
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(2013): 20–40.

3. Diego Kreutz, Fernando Ramos, Paul Verissimo, Christian Rothenberg, Siamak Azodolmolky,
and Steve Uhlig, “Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey,” Proceedings of the
IEEE, vol. 103, no. 1 (2015): 1476.

4. Diego Kreutz, “Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey.” (2015): 1476.

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(2014).

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