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Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and Messaging System Using GPS and
GSM Module

Article  in  International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology · August 2019

DOI: 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V67I8P211

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 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 67 Issue 8- August 2019

Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and

Messaging System Using GPS and GSM
Module
Jayati Routh#1, Arshiya das #2, Piyashi Kundu #3, Madhubarsha Thakur #4

#1
Assistant Professor, Siliguri Institute of Technology, Siliguri, India
#2,3,4,
Student, Department of ECE, Siliguri Institute of Technology

Abstract — The Rapid growth of technology and location of the accident. This system sends the basic
infrastructure has made our lives easier. The advent information to the medical rescue team within a few
of technology has also increased the traffic hazards seconds of an accident. This device can detect
and the road accidents take place frequently which accidents and sends an alert message to rescue teams
causes huge loss of life and property because of the in significantly less time which will help in saving
poor emergency facilities. Our project will provide the lives of the people. The alert message contains
an optimum solution to this draw back. According to the geographical coordinates, time and angle in
this project, when a vehicle meets with an accident, which the accident has occurred. When an accident
the Micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) sensor occurs, it is detected with help of a sensor which
will detect the signal and this signal will be analyzed activates the device, the sensor gives its output to the
by Arduino. The Arduino sends the alert message microcontroller. The microcontroller sends the alert.
through the GSM Module including the location to
police control room or a rescue team. So, the police We have used GPS and GSM module for our
can immediately trace the location through the GPS project. GPS (Global Positioning System) is a
Module, after receiving the information. Then after satellite navigation system used to determine the
confirming the location necessary action will be ground position of an object. It is a global navigation
taken. The aim of this work is to automatically detect satellite system that provides geo location and time
an accident and alert the nearest hospital or medical information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near
services about the exact location of the accident. the Earth. Here GPS is used for both tracking and
navigation. This enables a base station to keep track
of the vehicles and navigation system helps the driver
Keywords — GSM, GPS, Arduino, sensor, MEMS. to reach the destination.
.

I. INTRODUCTION GSM is an open, digital cellular technology used for

transmitting mobile voice and data services. The
In the twentieth century, the number of vehicles GSM system is the most widely used cellular
exponentially increases due to growth in the technology in use in the world today. It has been a
automobile industry. As the number of vehicles particularly successful cellular phone technology for
increases, the accident also increases. The reason of a variety of reasons including the ability to roam
most of the road accidents are heterogeneous traffic worldwide with the certainty of being able to operate
and lack of traffic separation. According to World on GSM networks. It is also highly economic and
Health Organization (WHO), India is the leading less expensive.
country in the road accident deaths. In India, 13
million peoples were dead in road accident in the II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
year of 2014-15. These statistics are reported In countries where the economic status is poor, it
accidental records but there are numbers of accident,
becomes crucial for those concerned with
which are unreported. Hence, the numbers of actual developmental policies to adopt appropriate strategies
accident are more than the statistic of World Health
which will ensure that every single unit of money
Organization (WHO). available is used to develop the country in those
The existing system mostly focuses on the safety of fields to facilitate a conductive environment for
the passenger but not on the immediate help after economic development. Road traffic accidents have
accident. India has earned the dubious distinction of been recognized as one of the adverse elements
having a greater number of fatalities due to road which contribute to the suffocation of economic
accident in the world. Road safety is emerging as a growth in the developing countries, due to the high
major social concern around the world especially in cost related to them, hence causing social and
India. The system implemented by us aims at economic concern. So, Traffic safety is an important
automatically detecting an accident and alerting the key and plays an integral role in sustainable
nearest hospital or medical services about the exact transportation development. Now days, the main

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 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 67 Issue 8- August 2019

negative impacts of modern road transportation within 40s then GSM will send the location and
systems are injuries and deaths in road accidents. The persons heart beat status to the emergency care centre
success of traffic safety and highway improvement and optional mobile number stating that ACCIDENT
programs hinges on the analysis of accurate and OCCURRED. In addition to that it will send a
reliable traffic accident data. This study discusses the message to emergency care centre when the vehicle
present state of traffic accident information on NH 47 is flipped or detects the fire.
Gandhipuram to Avinashi and NH-209 from
Gandhipuram to Annur, Coimbatore District. It shall
also discuss the Identification of high rate accident START
Locations by using GIS Software and safety deficient
areas on the highway. Remedial measures and
provisions for traffic safety are suggested for
reducing the risk of accidents in black spots. Initialize The System Successfully
Citation classics offer an outlook on those papers
that have attracted great and historical interest by a
research community and that could be also
considered the basis of the research field. A new calibrate accelerometer and check
approach, which is called H-Classics, has been connectivity and response of GPS and GSM
developed to identify such highly cited papers. It is modules
based on the H-index and is sensitive to both the own
characteristics of the corresponding research
discipline and its evolution. observe for any accident via adxl335
The present study provides a useful insight into the accelerometer
development of intelligent transport systems research
fields revealing those scientific actors (authors,
countries, and institutions) that have made the biggest
research contribution to its development. Accident
Occurs?
III. METHODOLOGY DETAILING THE
ACTIVITIES AND SUBACTIVITIES
In this era of large professional growth everybody
is busy with their lives. People, especially in urban
areas have to move from one place to another any Send Message To Specified Mobile Number
As Well As Location Via Google Maps
time of the day with much of speed. Due to this
reason and sometimes due to in efficient people in
the driving seats road accidents are quite common
thing that can happen. Road accidents can snuff out a
life if the victim is not given proper medical attention
at proper time.
END
So, in this project we have planned to design a
system that can detect road accident and identify the
location through GPS. After that, through GSM Fig 1: flow chart of the operation
interface this will be notified to the nearest
emergency care unit so that the victim can get B. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION AND USED
immediate medical attention. SOFTWARES
The component requirements of hardware and
A. STEP BY STEP ACTIVITY software are given below.
First of all, a driver takes a driver seat. The system (i) ARDUINO UNO: The Arduino UNO is an
checks if the driver has worn the seat belt or not. If open-source microcontroller board based on
not, it displays a message, “Wear seat belt”. If the the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and
driver wears the seat belt, the engine starts and gives developed by Arduino.cc. The board is equipped with
message “Happy Journey”. While moving if it sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that
detects a vehicle or any other objects it will decreases may be interfaced to various expansion boards
the vehicle speed, even though the accident occurred (shields) and other circuits. The board has 14 Digital
then vibration sensor will activate the GPS to locate pins, 6 Analog pins, and programmable with
accident area. If there is no affect to anyone then the the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
person involved in accident has to press the safety Environment) via a type B USB cable. It can be
switch. In this case no SMS will send to emergency powered by a USB cable or by an external 9 volt
care centre. If no one is pressed the safety switch battery, though it accepts voltages between 7 and 20

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 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 67 Issue 8- August 2019

volts. It is also similar to the Arduino Nano and

Leonardo.

(ii) GPS Module: GPS stands for Global Positioning

System and is used to detect the latitude and
longitude of any location on the earth, with the exact
UTC time.GPS module is used in our project to track
the location of the accident. This device receives the
coordinates from the satellite for each and every
second, with time and date. In our project, we have
used GPS module SKG13BL, which is a Ultra High
Sensitivity and Low Power GPS Receiver Module
Figure 3: ARDUINI UNO R3 Development
(iii) GSM MODULE: GSM/GPRS module is used to board
establish communication between a computer and After successful compiling and uploading the
a GSM-GPRS system. Global System for Mobile program on Arduino IDE, the system is
communication (GSM) is an architecture used for initialized successfully, the accelerometer is
mobile communication in most of the countries. calibrated and the x,y and z samples of the
vehicle are displayed on the serial monitor.
(iv) 16*2 LCD DISPLAY: LCD stands for liquid
crystal display. Character and graphical LCD’s are
most common among hobbyist and diy electronic
circuit/project makers. Since their interface
serial/parallel pins are defined so it’s easy to interface
them with many microcontrollers. They are used to
show status of the product or provide interface for
inputting or selecting some process. Character LCD
come in many sizes 8x1, 8x2, 10x2, 16x1, 16x2,
16x4, 20x2, 20x4, 24x2, 30x2, 32x2, 40x2 etc. We
have used 16x2 LCD for our project.
(v) ADXL335 ACCELEROMETER: An
accelerometer is an electromechanical device that Figure 4: The successful initialization of the
will measure acceleration force. It shows system is displayed in the LCD
acceleration, only due to cause of gravity i.e. g force. After receiving GPS signal, the latitude and longitude
of the current position of the vehicle is displayed,
also the speed is displayed in knots.

ADXL GPS
335 ARDUINO Modul
UNO e
GSM
Modul
e
LCD Display

Figure 5: After receiving GPS signal, the

Figure 2: Hardware connection of all the latitude and longitude of the current position of
components the vehicle is displayed.
When the accelerometer is shaken abnormally,
IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION i.e., in case of an accident when there is an
After all the components are connected properly, the abrupt change of axis, SMS is sent to the
system is put into a moving car. If accident occurs, mobile number mentioned in the code and the
the acceleration due to the collision occurred is latitude and longitude is also sent in the form of
sensed by the ADXL335 Accelerometer and its x, y Google maps. The message is received in the
and z-axis ADC output pins are directly connected to specified mobile number along with the specific
Arduino ADC pin A1, A2, and A3. location.

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 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 67 Issue 8- August 2019

[2] Ms. Sarika B. Kale, Gajanan P. Dhok, “Embedded system for

intelligent ambulance and traffic control management
International Journal of Computer and Electronics
research”,Volume 2, Issue 2, April 2013.
[3] Fengyuan Jia Hongyan Wang ,“A New Type of Automatic
Alarming Device to Rescue Accident Injured in
Time”,September 2014.
[4] Sri Krishna Chaitanya Varma, Poornesh, Tarun Varma,
Harsha ,“Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and
Messaging system using GPS and GSM Modems”,
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research,
Volume 4, Issue 8, August-2013 ISSN 2229-5518.
[5] https://www.electronicwings.com/sensors-modules/adxl335-
accelerometer-module.
Figure 6: message received by the specified [6] Tanaya Achalkar, Shrinath Panmand, Saurabh Naik,
phone number Dilip Patil, Rachna Sonkumwar "An Efficient
Approach for Accident Detection
System" International Journal of Engineering Trends
and Technology 67.4 (2019): 4-7.
[7] http://mtsystem.ru/sites/default/files/documents/sim800_hard
ware_design_v1.09.pdf
[8] http://sensorembedded.com/product_extra_files/skg13bl.pdf

Figure 7: Location of the accident sent via

Google Map.

V. CONCLUTION
Vehicle tracking system makes better fleet
management and which in turn brings large profits.
Better scheduling or route planning can enable us to
handle larger loads within a particular time. Vehicle
tracking both in case of personal as well as business
purpose improves safety and security,
communication medium, performance monitoring
and increases productivity. So, in the coming years it
is going to play a major role in our day to day living.
The main motto of the accident alert and detection
project is to decrease the chances of losing life in
such accidents which we can’t stop from occurring.
Whenever accident is alerted the paramedics can
reach the particular location to increase the chances
of life. This vehicle tracking and accident alert
feature may play a more important role in day to day
life in the future.
However, in some places where there is no
provision of GSM networks it is difficult for
communication.

VI. REFERENCES
[1] M.Rajendra Prasad, P.Aswani ,“An automated traffic
accident detection and alarm device”, International Journal of
Technological Exploration and Learning (IJTEL) Volume 1
Issue 1, August 2012.

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