Barcode

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> Barcode Reference

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Barcode Reference User Guide
Ed.: 02/2018
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Ed. 19/02/2018
ii
REVISION INDEX
Revision Date Number of added or edited pages
10/2013 30/10/2013 Release
09/2017 22/09/2017 ii
02/2018 19/02/2018 Review
NOTE:
We sometimes update the documentation after original publication. Therefore, you should also
review the documentation at www.datalogic.com for updates.
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
REVISION INDEX III

TABLE OF CONTENTS IV
1 INTRODUCTION 8
1.1 SCOPE OF THIS DOCUMENT 8
1.2 BARCODE TYPES 8
1.2.1 Linear 1D Barcodes 8
1.2.2 2D Barcodes (Stacked) 8
1.2.3 2D Barcodes (Matrix Codes) 8
1.2.4 Composite Codes 8
1.3 BARCODE GLOSSARY 9
2 IMPORTANT BARCODE PARAMETERS 10
2.1 BARCODE SYMBOLOGY 10
2.2 MODULE WIDTH 10
2.2.1 Introduction 10
2.2.2 Optimize the Module Width 10
2.2.3 Module Width and Reading Distance 11
2.3 BAR WIDTH REDUCTION (PIXEL SHAVING) 11
2.4 QUIET ZONE 12
2.5 PRINT RATIO AND RATIO FORMAT 12
2.6 FORMAT 13
2.6.1 Format Examples 14
2.7 ESCAPE SEQUENCES (ENCODING BINARY DATA) 15
2.8 CHECK DIGITS 17
3 APPLICATION IDENTIFIERS (AI) 18
3.1 INTRODUCTION 18
3.2 EXAMPLES 18
3.2.1 Batch Number 18
3.2.2 Multiple AIs within one Barcode 19
3.2.3 GS1-128 with embedded Check Digit 19
3.3 GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED / GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED STACKED 19
3.3.1 AIs with a Fixed Length 20
3.3.2 AIs with Variable Lengths 20
3.4 GS1 COMPOSITE SYMBOLOGY 20
3.4.1 Compressed Sequences of AIs 20
3.4.2 AI (90) 20
4 BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES 21
4.1 LINEAR SYMBOLOGIES (1D CODES) 21
4.1.1 Bookland 21
4.1.2 Codabar (Rationalized Version) 21
4.1.3 Code 11 22
4.1.4 Code 128 22
4.1.5 Code 128 Subset A 22
4.1.6 Code 128 Subset B 23
4.1.7 Code 128 Subset C 23
4.1.8 Code 2 of 5 Standard (Code 2 of 5 Matrix) 23
4.1.9 Code 2 of 5 Data Logic 24
4.1.10 Code 2 of 5 IATA 24
4.1.11 Code 2 of 5 Industrial 24
4.1.12 Code 2 of 5 Interleaved 25
4.1.13 Code 2 of 7 25
4.1.14 Code 25 25
4.1.15 Code 39 (3of9) 25
4.1.16 Code 32 26
4.1.17 Code 39 Extended 26
4.1.18 Code 93 27
iv
4.1.19 Code 93 Extended 27
4.1.20 DAFT Code 27
4.1.21 DOD Logmars 27
4.1.22 DUN-14 28
4.1.23 DUNS 28
4.1.24 EAN-128 (GS1-128) 28
4.1.25 EAN-13 29
4.1.26 EAN-13 with 2 Digits Add-On 29
4.1.28 EAN-14 30
4.1.29 EAN-18 30
4.1.30 EAN-8 30
4.1.33 Flattermarken 31
4.1.34 GS1-128 32
4.1.35 GTIN 32
4.1.36 HIBC 32
4.1.37 I-2/5 32
4.1.38 ISBN Code (ISBN 13) 33
4.1.39 ISBT-128 34
4.1.40 ISMN 34
4.1.41 ISSN 35
4.1.42 ITF-14 35
4.1.43 JAN 35
4.1.44 LOGMARS 36
4.1.45 MSI 36
4.1.46 NVE-18 (Nummer der Versandeinheit) 36
4.1.47 NW-7 37
4.1.48 Pharmacode One-Track 37
4.1.49 Pharmacode Two-Track 37
4.1.50 Pharma Zentralnummer (PZN) 38
4.1.51 Plessey Code 38
4.1.52 Rational Codabar 38
4.1.53 SCC-14 38
4.1.54 SSCC-18 39
4.1.55 Telepen Alpha 39
4.1.56 Telepen 39
4.1.57 UCC-128 39
4.1.58 UPC 12 Digits 40
4.1.59 UPC Version A 40
4.1.60 UPC Version A, 2 Digits Add-On 40
4.1.61 UPC Version A, 5 Digits Add-On 41
4.1.62 UPC Version E 41
4.1.63 UPC Version E, 2 Digits Add-On 41
4.1.64 UPC Version E, 5 Digits Add-On 42
4.1.65 UPC SCS (Shipping Container Symbols) 42
4.1.66 USD-4 43
4.1.67 USS ITF 2-5 43
4.1.68 USS Code 128 43
4.1.69 USS Code 39 43
4.1.70 VIN Code (Vehicle Identification Number) 43
4.2 POSTAL CODES (LINEAR/1D) 44
4.2.1 Australian Post Customer 44
4.2.2 Australian Post Customer 2 44
4.2.3 Australian Post Customer 3 44
4.2.4 Australian Post Redirection 45
4.2.5 Australian Post Reply Paid 45
4.2.6 Australian Post Routing 45
4.2.7 Brazilian CEPNet / Brazilian Postal Code 45
4.2.8 Deutsche Post Identcode 46
v
4.2.9 Deutsche Post Leitcode 46
4.2.10 DPD Code 46
4.2.11 Italian Postal Code 2 of 5 47
4.2.12 Japanese Postal Code 47
4.2.13 KIX – Dutch Postal Code 48
4.2.14 Korean Postal Authority 48
4.2.15 Planet 12 49
4.2.16 Planet 14 49
4.2.17 Royal Mail 4 State (RM4SCC) 50
4.2.18 Singapure Post 4-State Customer Code (SinPost) 50
4.2.19 Singapore Post 50
4.2.20 USPS Intelligent Mail® Barcode or IM® Barcode 50
4.2.21 USPS Intelligent Mail® Package Barcode 51
4.2.22 USPS Postnet 5 52
4.3 2D SYMBOLOGIES 54
4.3.1 Aztec Code 54
4.3.2 Codablock F 54
4.3.3 Data Matrix 55
4.3.4 DotCode 57
4.3.5 Han Xin Code 57
4.3.6 MaxiCode 58
4.3.7 MicroPDF417 61
4.3.8 Micro QR-Code 61
4.3.9 PDF417 61
4.3.10 PDF417 Truncated 62
4.3.11 QR-Code (Model 2) 63
4.3.12 QR-Code 2005 65
4.4 HIBC – HEALTH INDUSTRY BAR CODE 65
4.4.1 Supplier Labeling Standard Formats 65
4.4.2 Provider Application Standard Formats 67
4.4.3 HIBC LIC 128 68
4.4.4 HIBC LIC 39 68
4.4.5 HIBC LIC Data Matrix 69
4.4.6 HIBC LIC QR-Code 69
4.4.7 HIBC LIC PDF417 69
4.4.8 HIBC LIC MicroPDF417 70
4.4.9 HIBC LIC Codablock F 70
4.4.10 HIBC PAS 128 70
4.4.11 HIBC PAS 39 71
4.4.12 HIBC PAS Data Matrix 71
4.4.13 HIBC PAS QR-Code 71
4.4.14 HIBC PAS PDF417 72
4.4.15 HIBC PAS MicroPDF417 72
4.4.16 HIBC PAS Codablock F 72
4.5 GS1 DATABAR SYMBOLOGIES (RSS CODES) 73
4.5.1 GS1 DataBar (RSS-14) 73
4.5.2 GS1 DataBar Truncated (RSS-14 Truncated) 73
4.5.3 GS1 DataBar Limited (RSS Limited) 74
4.5.4 GS1 DataBar Stacked (RSS-14 Stacked) 74
4.5.5 GS1 DataBar Stacked Omni directional (RSS-14 Stacked Omni directional) 74
4.5.6 GS1 DataBar Expanded (RSS Expanded) 75
4.5.7 GS1 DataBar Expanded Stacked (RSS Expanded Stacked) 75
4.6 GS1 COMPOSITE SYMBOLOGIES 75
4.6.1 Data Input 75
4.6.2 Data Capacity of GS1 Composite Symbols 75
4.6.3 GS1 DataBar Composite Symbology 76
vi
4.6.4 GS1 DataBar Truncated Composite Symbology 76
4.6.5 GS1 DataBar Limited Composite Symbology 77
4.6.6 GS1 DataBar Stacked Composite Symbology 77
4.6.7 GS1 DataBar Stacked Omni directional Composite Symbology 77
4.6.8 GS1 DataBar Expanded Composite Symbology 78
4.6.9 GS1 DataBar Expanded Stacked Composite Symbology 78
4.6.10 GS1-128 Composite Symbology 78
4.6.11 EAN-8 Composite Symbology 79
4.6.12 EAN-13 Composite Symbology 79
4.6.13 UPC-A Composite Symbology 79
4.6.14 UPC-E Composite Symbology 79
vii
BARCODE REFERENCE
1
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 SCOPE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This document describes barcode symbologies supported by Lighter software in a non-product-specific way.
1.2 BARCODE TYPES

The reason for the many different types of barcodes is that barcodes are used in many different operational
areas. Thus it is possible to select the most suitable barcode type to meet the requirements of a particular
industry.
1.2.1 Linear 1D Barcodes
Figure 1: Linear Barcode Sample

Linear barcodes are known under names like Code 39, Code 128, UPC, EAN, 2of5...
Linear barcodes encode the information in one way (=one dimension), so they are also called one-
dimensional barcodes (1D). The information is stored in the relationship of the widths of the bars (spaces) to
each other.
In most of these symbologies the height of the bars is not relevant, except for some height-modulated Postal
Codes (e.g. Australian Post 4-State or USPS Intelligent Mail® Barcode / IM® Barcode).
1.2.2 2D Barcodes (Stacked)
Figure 2: 2D-Stacked Barcode Sample

Two-dimensional barcodes are known under names like PDF417, or Codablock F.
Such stacked or multi-row barcodes store information in two dimensions. Several stacked linear barcodes
are used to encode the information.
1.2.3 2D Barcodes (Matrix Codes)
Figure 3: 2D Barcode Sample
Two-dimensional barcodes like MaxiCode, Data Matrix or QR-Code encode information in two dimensions.
Compared to stacked symbologies the information is not stored by using different bar (space) widths. Instead
the position of black (or white) dots is relevant.
1.2.4 Composite Codes
(01)12345678901231
Figure 4: Composite Barcode Sample
Composite codes like GS1 DataBar Composite Symbology are combining linear with 2D (stacked)
symbologies. The advantage of such codes is that the linear code component encodes the most important
information. The 2D component is used for additional data. This separation ensures better migration (e.g.
with respect to scanning hardware) between linear and 2D technology.
8
INTRODUCTION
1
1.3 BARCODE GLOSSARY

As follows you will find a short explanation about technical terms which are used in the barcode technology.
Bar A bar is represented by the dark or black elements in a barcode.

Space The white or lighter elements in a barcode are called spaces.
Barcode The density of the barcode refers to how much space is required for
density the needed characters (characters per Inch or centimeter)
Element Represents both a bar and a space.
Module A module is the smallest element of a barcode. The width of the
single bars and spaces is a (mostly integer) multiples of the basic
width of the module.
Module width The width of the barcode’s smallest element in millimeter, in inches
or in so-called mils (one mil = 1/1000 inch).
The module width is usually abbreviated with the letter X.
X Dimension The width of the barcode’s smallest element (see Module width).
Quiet zone An area free of any printing or marks that precedes the start
character of a barcode and follows the stop character.
The required minimal size of the quiet zone depends on the
barcode type. As a rule, the quiet zone should be ten times the
dimension of the module width or at least 1/4 inch (6.5 mm).
Human This term refers to the entire encoded information of a barcode
Readable Text shown in readable form. It is usually printed below the code. For 2D
codes no human readable text is used.
Discrete Each character begins and ends with a bar. The spacing between
Codes characters is not part of the code.
Continuous The spaces between the characters are also part of the code. An
Code example of a continuous code is the Code 2/5 Interleaved.
Start and Stop Distinct characters used at the beginning and end of each barcode
Characters symbol that provide the scanner with start and stop reading
instructions as well as scanning direction.
Self-checking Self-checking code uses the same pattern for each character. For
Code example, this can be five elements where two of these elements are
wide and three are narrow. Any deviation from this pattern would
result in an error.
Check Digit One or more characters included within the barcode which are used
to perform a mathematical check to ensure the accuracy of the
scanned data. Check digits are mandatory with certain codes or are
even built into the symbology (as for Code-128)
Bearer Bars These are bars printed above and below the symbol. The bearer
bars are eliminating partial reads (as drawn in the example on the
right). Sometimes the complete symbol is surrounded by bearer
bars (e.g. ITF-14).
Substitution Due to reading errors a character is replaced by another during
Error scanning. Substitution errors can be excluded by adding a check
digit.
Synchronizing These bars are synchronizing the barcode reader. E.g. UPC-A and
Bars EAN-13 have synchronizing bars at the beginning, in the middle
and at the end of the symbol.
No-Read A failure to decode, resulting in no output.
Misread The data output of a reader/decoder does not agree with the data
encoded in the barcode field. This yields to substitution errors.
Table 1: Barcode Glossary
9
BARCODE REFERENCE
2
2 IMPORTANT BARCODE PARAMETERS
2.1 BARCODE SYMBOLOGY

The symbology determines the format and the capabilities of the barcode. Check out chapter 1 for a list of
supported barcode symbologies. It depends on your application which symbology you should use.
2.2 MODULE WIDTH
2.2.1 Introduction
Figure 5: Module Width
The module width (or X dimension) is the width of the smallest bar (or space) in the barcode. The minimal
module width depends on the used symbology. In most specifications the recommended module width is at
least 0.19 mms.
The default setting in Lighter software adapts the module width according to the bounding rectangle of the
barcode. The module width is computed automatically by dividing the width of the object by the number of
required modules. This depends on the number of data characters to be encoded. The module width
decreases as the data content increases.
When adjusting the module width to a fixed value, the resulting barcode can be wider than the bounding
rectangle. To avoid clipping, ensure that the entire barcode can be displayed with the maximum data content
and enlarge the barcode object if required.
2.2.2 Optimize the Module Width

Printing tolerances can lead to problems when decoding a barcode. A remedy for this problem is to optimize
the module width with respect to available printing resolutions.
Assume you want to print a barcode with a resolution of 300 dpi then one pixel equals 0.003333 inch (or
0.08466 mm) in such a case. To avoid raster errors, you should select a module width that is an integer
multiple of the pixel width (e.g. for 300 dpi a multiple of 0.08466 mm).
► 200 dpi: 2 modules á one pixel (0.127 mm) = 0.254 mm

► 202 dpi: 2 modules á one pixel (0.1257 mm) = 0.251 mm
► 300 dpi: 3 modules á one pixel (0.08467 mm) = 0,254 mm
► 600 dpi: 5 modules á one pixel (0.04233 mm) = 0,212 mm
► For printer solutions over 300 dpi normally the optimizing of the module width isn’t necessary.
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IMPORTANT BARCODE PARAMETERS
2
Figure 6: Raster Optimization
2.2.3 Module Width and Reading Distance

The actual reading distance for barcodes depends on two factors: the scanner hardware and the module
width of the barcode.
There is no scanner, which can read all barcodes (ranging from high density codes to barcodes with wide
tracking) from all distances. Each barcode scanner has an optimum reading distance for barcodes with a
certain module width. The correlation between the module width and the reading distance is usually specified
by the manufacturer of the barcode scanner. The following table shows such an exemplary specification.
Thus, depending on the module width the optimum reading distance for a specific scanner can be identified.
On the other hand, if the reading distance is given by the application, the required module width for printing
the barcodes may be adjusted.
Module Width (1 mil = 1/1000 mm) Depth of Field (Reading Distance)
5 mil 7.6 to 15.2 cm / 3 to 6”
7.5 mil 5.1 to 40.6 cm / 2 to 16“
10 mil 3.8 to 55.9 cm / 1.5 to 22”
13 mil 2.5 to 76.2 cm / 1 to 30”
20 mil 2.5 to 106.7 cm / 1 to 42”
55 mil 5.1 to 203.2 cm / 2 to 80”
Table 2: Example for Scanner Specification
2.3 BAR WIDTH REDUCTION (PIXEL SHAVING)

Another word for bar width reduction (BWR) is “bar width correction” (BWC) or “pixel shaving”.
Bar width reduction is a common issue with printing bar codes. So called “dot gain” is part of every printing
process and leads to enlargement of bars (while the gaps are reduced). Depending on the printing process
these aberrations must be compensated with the appropriate bar width reduction
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BARCODE REFERENCE
2
Sample values for dot gain (to be compensated) are approximately 100µm with flexographic printing, 50µm
with intaglio printing and 30µm with offset printing. The smaller the bar codes, the more precise must be
worked. Depending on the bar code orientation to the printing direction, the printing accuracy and printing
process may change.
Bar width reduction may be applied also for laser printers (e.g. with too high toner saturation) or inkjet
printers.
The software allows fine-tuning of the bar width reduction in percent, mm (µm), mils and inch.
2.4 QUIET ZONE

A quiet zone (an area free of any printing or marks) should be maintained directly before and after the
barcode symbol. The quiet zone helps the scanner to determine the barcode correctly.
As a rule, the quiet zone should be ten times the dimension of the module width or at least 1/4 inch (6.5 mm);
the exact value depends on the barcode symbology.
Figure 7: Quiet Zone
2.5 PRINT RATIO AND RATIO FORMAT

The print ratio (the bar/width ratio) is the width relationship of all elements of a barcode – with respect to the
smallest element. Lighter Software allows fine-tuning of the print ratio by supporting three parameters:
 Print ratio
The read/write property Ratio is used to adjust the print ratio. The value of this property has to comply
with the ratio format.
 Format of ratio
The read-only property RatioHint shows the format (syntax) of the print ratio setting. It is intended as
a hint for the programmer or user.
 Default print ratio
The read-only property RatioDefault contains the default print ratio for the selected barcode
symbology. It most cases the default ratio is the best choice for printing the barcode.
Figure 8: Print Ratio
12
2
Example:
The picture above shows a barcode with 4 different bar widths and 4 different space widths. Because the
software maintains the print ratio of bars and spaces separately, the ratio format is composed as follows:
1B:2B:3B:4B:1S:2S:3S:4S.
The first four values (1B:2B:3B:4B) refer to the 4 different widths of the Bars, the second four values
(1S:2S:3S:4S) refer to the 4 different widths of the Spaces. The numbers in the ratio hint (e.g. 1B stands for
the smallest bar, 2B for the bar with the next larger width and so on) are only used to denote the order – they
have no meaning with respect to the ratio itself.
Now set a new print ratio value. This string must be formatted according to the ratio format, but without the
letters: A value of “1:3:5:7.3:1:3:5:7.3” for the Ratio indicates that the width of the widest bar (4B) is 7.3 times
the width of the smallest bar (7.3:1).
Ratio Format Description
Specifier
nB The ratio of bar-width n with respect to the width of the smallest bar (bar-width 1)
nS The ratio of space-width n with respect to space-width 1 (smallest space)
1T This is specific to the symbology “Plessey Bidirectional”. It denotes the ratio of the width
of the terminator bar 1 to bar-width 1
nC This is specific to the symbology “Pharmacode”. It denotes the ratio of the width of color-
bar n to the width of the smallest bar
Table 3: Print Ratio Adjustment
2.6 FORMAT
Format acts like a ”mask” for formatting the barcode data prior to encoding it. Placeholders in the format
string can be mixed with constant data characters to build a final data string. With this feature it’s possible to:
 Select subsets in Code 128, GS1-128 (even within the code!)
 Insert control characters into the barcode
 Select the required start/stop character for CODABAR
 Change the position of the check digit
 Set the MaxiCode values “date”, “preamble”, “service class”, “postal code” and “country code” directly
in the barcode data (with special escape sequences).
Placeholder Description
character
# Stands for the next data character of the input data (property Text)
& Stands for all remaining data characters in the input data (property Text)
^ Stands for the next check digit (use only if check digits will be computed!)
 TBarCode 6 (or earlier) computes the check digit for all characters in the input data.
 TBarCode 7 (or later) only uses input data left of the check digit placeholder for check
digit computation (see examples below!).
A Switch to Subset A (used in: Code 128, GS1-128)
Start- or stop character A (only in: CODABAR)
B Switch to Subset B (used in: Code 128, GS1-128)
Start- or stop character B (only in: CODABAR)
C Switch to Subset C (used in: Code 128, GS1-128)
Start- or stop character C (only in: CODABAR)
C Enable compatibility mode for CAPTIVA/IBML document scanning software (used in Data
Matrix only)
D Start- or stop character D (only in: CODABAR),
Only for Pharmacode: encode the Pharmacode directly (bar by bar)
Only for Data Matrix: use an alternative error correction algorithm for symbols of size
144x144.
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BARCODE REFERENCE
2
Placeholder Description
character
E Translate the Escape Sequences that the input data contains.
J Only for Japanese Postal codes: the Address B data field can be automatically
compressed, i.e. Japanese characters are converted into ASCII characters by a defined
rule.
S Only for MaxiCode: enables setting the values of Date, Preamble, Service Class, Postal-
and Country- Code directly in the barcode data (only in conjunction with escape
sequences).
< Adds quiet zone markers at the left (“<”) and/or at the right (“>”) side of the barcode. These
markers are supported by the following barcode types:
>
 EAN 8 and add-on variants (both sides)
 EAN 13 and add-on variants (only right side)
 UPC-A with 2 and 5 digit add-on (only right side)
 UPC-E with 2 and 5 digit add-on (only right side)
 ISBN (only right side)
Table 4: Format Placeholders
2.6.1 Format Examples

Input data Barcode Format string Data used for Notes
type encoding
123 Irrelevant 123
123 Irrelevant 5& 5123
123 Irrelevant &6 1236
123 Irrelevant q#w#e# q1w2e3
123 Irrelevant #q& 1q23
123 Irrelevant &^ 123c
123 Irrelevant ^& c123 This format string may be used for
TBarCode 6 (or earlier). – Newer
versions always return 0 in this case.
12345 Irrelevant ####^# 1234c5 When using Modulo 10 for check digit
calculation, c will be
 Mod-10 (12345) = 5 for TBarCode 6
(or earlier).
 Mod-10 (1234) = 0 for TBarCode 7
(or later).
Hello Code 128 A& Hello
Hello Code 128 A##B& Hello
Hello4711 Code 128 A##B& Hello4711
Hello4711 Code 128 A##B###C& Hello4711
1234567890 GS1-128 #####^##### 12345767890 7 is the check digit computed when
using Modulo 10. The check digit
computation uses only the digits 12345
(67890 are ignored because this data
comes after the ^)
Table 5: Format Examples
red characters represented in subset A
gray characters represented in subset B
green characters represented in subset C
c represents the place of the check digit
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2
2.7 ESCAPE SEQUENCES (ENCODING BINARY DATA)

If you want to use non-printable or special characters in a barcode, you have to use escape sequences. An
escape sequence always start with a backslash (‘\’) followed by the sequence itself.
► You have to activate the decoding of escape sequences in the barcode properties – per default the
translation of escape sequences is turned off.
► With activated escape sequences you must use “\\” in the input data to encode a single backslash „\“
in the barcode.
Escape Description Valid for Barcode Symbology

sequence
\a Bell (alert) All
\b Backspace
\f Form feed
\n New Line
\r Carriage Return
\t Horizontal Tab
\v Vertical Tab
\\ The backslash \ itself
\0 Zero Byte (if subsequent char is non-
numeric)
Available in TBarCode V10+
\0ooo ASCII-character in octal notation:
ooo … up to 3 octal digits (0..7)
First digit is always zero.
\ddd ASCII-character in decimal notation:
ddd … up to decimal digits (0..9)
First digit must not be zero.
\xhh For encoding bytes or ASCII-
characters in hexadecimal notation
hh … hexadecimal digits (0..F)
\Crrggbb Color selection See Pharmacode
\Ce Reset the color to default
\F FNC1 (Function Number Character 1) GS-128, Codablock-F
used as field separator MicroPDF417: a special FNC1 codeword is inserted
when using emulation mode for GS1-128 or Code-
128
Data Matrix: a special FNC1 codeword is inserted
\F Inserts a Gs (Group Separator) or PDF417, MaxiCode and in QR-Code
ASCII 1DHex. QR-Code: When using format UCC/EAN/GS1 Gs is
Don’t encode the \x1d directly!
inserted in Byte Mode, a % is inserted in
alphanumeric mode.
\Ennnnnn Extended Channel Interpretation (ECI). MaxiCode, Data Matrix, QR-Code, PDF417,
nnnnnn … 6 digit ECI number with MicroPDF417, Aztec Code
leading zeros
Used for defining the character set
(code page) for the subsequent
encoded data – see C.1 ECI
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BARCODE REFERENCE
2
\EB, \EE Special ECI identifiers for nesting QR-Code

ECIs.
\EB (ECI Begin) opens a nesting level,
\EE (ECI End) closes it.
\G Global Language Identifier (GLI), PDF417
similar to ECI (see \E).
\S Symbol separator character for C128
emulation
\<FNCx> Function sequence. Currently FNC1,
FNC2, FNC3, and FNC4 are
implemented. \<FNC1> is equal to \F.
\210 FNC1 Code128, GS1-128, Codablock-F
\x11 DC1 Code93, Code93Ext
\x1e Rs (Record Separator), ASCII 1EHex PDF417, QR-Code, Data Matrix, MaxiCode (Mode
3,4 SCM)
\x1d Gs (Group Separator), ASCII 1DHex PDF417, QR-Code, Data Matrix, MaxiCode (Mode
3,4 SCM)
\x04 Eot (End of Transmission), ASCII PDF417, QR-Code, Data Matrix, MaxiCode (Mode
04Hex 3,4 SCM)
Table 6: Implemented Escape Sequences
16
2
2.8 CHECK DIGITS

The method for the check digit(s) calculation depends on the respective barcode type.
► Per default the input can take place with and without a check digit. In the latter case the check digit is
calculated automatically and added to the barcode data.
Example (EAN13): If you enter 12 digits (= utilizable data), the 13th digit (= the checksum digit) is
computed and added automatically. If you enter 13 digits, the check digit is replaced by your data and
isn’t calculated.
Check digit Enumerati Check digit calculation methods

enumeration on value
eCDNone 0 No check digit will be computed
eCDStandard 1 Standard check digit of the selected barcode type is used
eCDMod10 2 Modulo 10 (usually used with Interleaved 2of5)
eCDMod43 3 Modulo 43 (suggested for Code39 and Logmars, consist of 1 digit)
eCD2Mod47 4 Modulo 47 (2 digits)
eCDDPLeit 5 Method for DP Leitcode
eCDDPIdent 6 Method for DP Identcode
eCD1Code11 7 Method for Code11 (1 digit)
eCD2Code11 8 Method for Code11 (2 digits)
eCDPostnet 9 Method for USPS Postnet
eCDMSI1 10 Method for MSI (1 digit)
eCDMSI2 11 Method for MSI (2 digits)
eCDPlessey 12 Method for Plessey
eCDEAN8 13 Method for EAN 8
eCDUPCA 15 Method for UPC A
eCDUPCE 16 Method for UPC E
eCDEAN128 17 EAN 128 internal method (Modulo 103)
eCDCode128 18 Code 128 internal method (Modulo 103)
eCDRM4SCC 19 Method for Royal Mail 4 State
eCDPZN 20 Mod-11 Method for PZN
eCDMod11W7 21 Mod-11 (Weighting = 7)
eCDMod10Kor 23 Method for Korean Postal Authority - Modulo 10
eCDMod10Pla 24 Method for Planet - Modulo 10
eCDMod10ItlPst25 25 Method for Italian Postal 2/5 (Modulo 10 based)
eCDMod36 26 Modulo 36 (ISO/IES 7064) for DPD Barcode
eCDMod16 27 Modulo 16 for Codabar Barcode
eCDMod10Luhn 28 Modulo 10 with Luhn Algorithm
eCDVIN 29 Method for VIN (North America)
eCDMod10LuhnRev 30 Modulo 10 with Reverse Luhn Algorithm
eCDMod23PPSN 31 Modulo 23 for PPSN
eCDMod10IMPackage 32 Modulo 10 for Intelligent Mail Package Barcode
Table 7: Check Digit Methods and Enumerators.
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3 APPLICATION IDENTIFIERS (AI)
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Some barcode symbologies (e.g. GS1-128) use Application Identifiers (AIs) in order to provide information
about the structure of the encoded data. Application Identifiers are mostly used in industry-specific barcode
symbologies.
An Application Identifier (AI) is a prefix (built from 2 to 4 characters) used to identify the meaning and the
format of the data that follows. AIs have been defined by GS1 (formerly UCC/EAN) for identification,
traceability data, dates, quantity, measurements, locations, and many other types of information.
The data presented can be alphanumeric or numeric and with fixed or variable data lengths. The symbology
character FNC1 is used as field separator in connection with variable length data fields.
► Use FNC1 only with variable length data fields

► Don’t use FNC1 after the last data field
Depending on the barcode symbology you are able to concatenate multiple AIs and encode more data fields
into one symbol. If an AI is of variable length type, you have to separate the next data field with FNC1. FNC1
is specified in the barcode data with the escape sequence “\F” (see section 4.7).
► For encoding the FNC1 you have to activate Translate Escape Sequences.
► Do not encode the brackets which are usually used to denote an Application Identifier. The software
generates the brackets automatically for the human readable text. The brackets are not encoded in
the barcode itself.
For more information (e.g. a list of all available AIs) please follow the links below:
http://www.gs1.org/productssolutions/barcodes/technical/genspecs/index.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GS1-128
3.2 EXAMPLES
3.2.1 Batch Number

A batch number is encoded with AI 10. The format of AI 10 is “n2 + an..20”. This means the AI has two digits
(10) followed by variable length data with maximum 20 characters.
Description Value
Data (Text property) 10 + Production Number = 1012345678
Human readable text (10)12345678
Encoded data 1012345678
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3.2.2 Multiple AIs within one Barcode

Two data fields should be encoded in one barcode. Following fields are used:
Description Value
Batch number AI (10) – format n2 + an..20
Item number AI (01) – format n14
Data (Text property) 10+Batch Number+\F+01+Item Number =
1012345678\F0112345678901234
Human readable text (10)12345678(01)12345678901234
Encoded data 1012345678FNC10112345678901234
► The field separator FNC1 (encoded by the sequence „\F“) has to be used because the batch number
is a variable length data field.
3.2.3 GS1-128 with embedded Check Digit

Sometimes it is required to calculate a check digit only for a partial content of a barcode. A good example is
the AI 01 (GTIN) in combination with other data fields within an GS1-128 symbol.
Description Value
AI for GTIN 01
AI for Date 11
GTIN without check digit 1234567890123
Production Date 060606
In our example, the GTIN contains no check digit (e.g. when created based on the EAN-13 number). The
check digit has to be generated only for the first 13 digits of the supplied data and not for the full data
content.
Since TBarCode Version 7+ you can use the format property to solve this problem:
Description Value
Format property: 01#############^11######
Input Data (Text property): 1234567890123060606
Check Digit Method: EAN-14 (Mod-10)
Calculated Check Digit: CD = Mod-10 of (1234567890123) = 1
Result: 01 + 1234567890123 + CD + 11 + 060606
Data used for encoding: 011234567890123111060606
3.3 GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED / GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED STACKED

The mentioned symbologies use an internal data compression algorithm for specific Application Identifiers.
Compression means that the barcode can encode more data or can be made smaller. This optimization
takes effect if the AIs are applied in the following predefined order.
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3.3.1 AIs with a Fixed Length

3.3.1.1 AI(01) and Weight
AI (01) must begin with an indicator digit of 9 for variable units
Combinations Description Max. Weight

AI (01) + AI (3103) Weight in kg with 3 decimal places (n.nnn kg) 32.767
AI (01) + AI (3202) Weight in pound with 2 decimal places (n.nn lbs) 999.99
AI (01) + AI (3203) Weight in pound with 3 decimal places (n.nnn lbs) 22.767
Table 8: Fixed length AIs in RSS Expanded / Expanded Stacked Codes
3.3.1.2 AI(01), Weight and Date

Two or three data elements will be used for the barcode:
Combinations Description Addition

AI (01) Must start with 9 for variable units
+ AI (310n) or AI (320n) For declaration of the Weight n = 0..9
+ AI (11), AI (13), AI (15), AI (17) For the Date
Table 9: AIs in GS1 DataBar Expanded / Expanded Stacked Codes
If the date is not required this order of AIs still leads to a better barcode representation.
3.3.2 AIs with Variable Lengths

3.3.2.1 AI (01) and Price
Combinations Description Addition
AI (01) Must start with 9 for variable units
+ AI (392x) For the price x = 0..3
or + AI (393x) For the price in the ISO currency format x = 0..3
Table 10: Variable length AIs in RSS Expanded / Expanded Stacked Codes
3.3.2.2 AI (01)
► If AI(01) is needed in the barcode, please ensure it is the first AI encoded (for optimal data
representation).
3.4 GS1 COMPOSITE SYMBOLOGY

The GS1 (EAN.UCC) Composite Symbology was designed to hold primary data (like the GTIN or Shipping
Container Code) in the linear symbol and additional data in the 2D Composite Component. For specific AI
combinations in the 2D add-on symbol it is possible to perform a data compression (as shown below). This
leads to a higher data density (= smaller barcode or more encode able characters).
3.4.1 Compressed Sequences of AIs

The following AI-sequences can be compressed for higher data efficiency:
Combinations Description
AI (11) + AI (10) Date and Lot-Number
AI (17) + AI (10) Expiration Date und Lot-Number
Table 11: AIs in Composite Codes
3.4.2 AI (90)
AI (90) and the following data (which starts with an upper-case letter or a digit) may be used for encoding of
FACT IDs. Compression takes place only if AI(90) is the first data element of the sequence.
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4 BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
This chapter describes all supported barcode types.
4.1 LINEAR SYMBOLOGIES (1D CODES)

4.1.1 Bookland
The Bookland barcode encodes the ISBN number in EAN-13 format followed by a 5 digit supplemental code.
The barcode data always consists of the digits ‘978’ (the EAN article identifier), followed by a 9 digit number
and one check digit. You can use the EAN-13 with 5 digits add-on for encoding. The 5 digit add-on barcode
is used to encode the book price. For more information refer to section 6.1.38
Before turning on the marking system, be sure that the devices are connected as previously described.
Check presence of voltage power supply connection, interlock connector and Command Box connection.
Check that “KEY” and “ENABLE” commands on the rack front panel are disabled (see Figure 15/Figure 16).
4.1.2 Codabar (Rationalized Version)

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “-“, “$”, “:”, “/”, ”.”, ”+”, “A”, “B”, “C”, “D”
Quiet zone: left/right: 10X
Module width: X = 0.19 mm
Standard print ratio: 1:3:1:3
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1S:2S
Default check digit: None (eCDNone)
Possible check digits: User supplied (e.g. Modulo 16)
Symbol size: +/- 0.066mm Module width Deviation
Print control: C=CODA
This code was invented 1972 by Monarch Marking Systems for retail purposes. 1977 the American Blood
Commission defined Codabar 2 as standard symbology for blood banks (=ABC Codabar).
The characters “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D” are useable as start or stop characters only. The barcode uses 2
element-widths and 4 different start/stop-characters (A, B, C, and D). These start/stop characters can be
utilized for additional information – e.g. "B1234B". The print ratio should be in the following range: 1:2 -1:3
(Pr >= 2.25:1). Since the symbology is “self-checking” there is no established check sum method.
The symbology is also known as Code 2 of 7, NW-7, ABC Codabar, USD-4, Monarch, Code-27, Ames code,
or Rationalized Codabar.
The “rationalized version” uses 2 different element widths in spite of the original symbology, which used 18
different element widths (Standard Codabar).
► Use the format property to determine the Start and Stop characters (see section 9.3).
► FedEx is using a special variant of the Codabar barcode. The format of the encoded number is as
follows: XXXX-XXXX-XXXY with a 4-digit ID at the end. The first 12 digits contain the tracking
number. The barcode starts with „C“ (start-character) and ends with „D“ (stop-character).
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4.1.3 Code 11
Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “-“
Module width: X= 0.191 mm
Standard print ratio: 1:2.24:3.48:1:2.24
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:1S:2S
Possible check digits: 1 check digit (eCD1Code11) – or
2 check digits (eCD2Code11)
Symbol size: --
This symbology is mainly used in telecommunications for marking equipment and components. It was
invented in 1977 by INTERMEC. It is similar to Code 2 of 5 Matrix. The symbology is not self-checking
therefore 2 check digits are recommended. Code 11 is a high-density code, but requires also a high-density
output device (mainly because of the print ratio utilized).
4.1.4 Code 128

Valid characters: ASCII-characters between 0..127
Quiet zone: left/right: 10X, min. ¼ inch
Module width: X >= 0.19 mm
Standard print ratio: 1:2:3:4:1:2:3:4
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:4B:1S:2S:3S:4S
Default check digit: Automatic (symbology specific).
Modulo 103 (eCDCode128)
Possible check digits: Modulo 10, EAN-14
Symbol size: --
Print control: C=128
Code 128 is heavily used in all areas. It is a modern high-density symbology and was invented 1981 by
Computer Identics.
Code128 uses a built-in check digit (Modulo 103). This check digit is part of the code and cannot be omitted.
It is never printed in the human readable text. Scanners are checking it when reading a code but do not
deliver the check digit to connected systems.
In conjunction with the symbology character "FNC1" this code is also known as GS1-128 barcode – see
section 6.1.24.
4.1.5 Code 128 Subset A

Default check digit: Automatic (symbology specific). ABab123+/-
Symbol size: --
Print control: C=128A
This is a variant of Code128 which uses character set (subset) A. It is suitable for encoding upper case
characters + ASCII control sequences. It switches to other Code128 subsets when required.
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4.1.6 Code 128 Subset B

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=128B
This is a variant of Code128 which uses character set (subset) B. It is suitable for encoding lower & upper
case letters. It switches to other Code128 subsets when required.
4.1.7 Code 128 Subset C

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=128C
This is a variant of Code128 which uses character set (subset) C. It is suitable for encoding digits. It switches
to other Code128 subsets when required.
4.1.8 Code 2 of 5 Standard (Code 2 of 5 Matrix)

Valid characters: “0”..”9”
Module width: X>= 0.19 mm
Standard print ratio: 1:3:4.5:1:3
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:1S:2S
Possible check digits: Modulo 10 (eCDMod10)
Symbol size: --
Print control: C=25M
This is a self-checking code. It is used for industrial applications, article numbering, photo development,
ticketing.
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4.1.9 Code 2 of 5 Data Logic

Module width: --
0123456789
Symbol size: --
This symbology is proprietary variant of Code 2 of 5 Standard.
4.1.10 Code 2 of 5 IATA

Standard print ratio: 1:3:1
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1S
Symbol size: --
Print control: C=25A
This is a self-checking code. Start/stop-characters are identical to Code 2 of 5 Industry. It supports distance
reading (> 1m) and can be printed with very simple printing techniques.
It is used for baggage handling in air-transport applications (International Air Transport Agency = IATA).
4.1.11 Code 2 of 5 Industrial

Standard print ratio: 1:3:1
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1S
Default check digit: None (eCDNone) 0123456

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=25I
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4.1.12 Code 2 of 5 Interleaved

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=25L
Code 2 of 5 Interleaved is in wide-spread use (article-numbering, industrial applications).
This self-checking code offers high data capacity due to encoding pairs of numbers (the first digit is encoded
in the bars, the second in the spaces). Thus, this symbology can encode only an even number of digits. If the
number of digits is odd a leading zero will be inserted automatically.
4.1.13 Code 2 of 7
This symbology is identical with Codabar 2 Widths and is also known as NW-7 or USD-4. See section 1.1.1
4.1.14 Code 25
Uniform Symbology Specification ITF 2-5. Identical to Code 2 of 5 Interleaved. Another alias is USS ITF 2-5.
4.1.15 Code 39 (3of9)

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “-“, “.”, Space, “*”, “$”, “/”, “+”, “%”
Possible check digits: Modulo 43 (eCDMod43), Modulo 11 Weight 7
(eCDMod11W7)
Symbol size: H>=15% of L (H>=6.3 mm!)
H: Height of the barcode without human readable
text
L: width of the barcode
Print control: C=39
Code 39 is in heavy use in industry, organizations and commerce. It was developed 1974 by INTERMEC
and got standardized by ANSI MH 10.8 M-1983 and MIL-STD-1189.
► The start- and stop characters “*” (asterisk) are created automatically and must not be included in the
input data. They are not displayed in the human readable text.
Code 39 is a self-checking code. Code concatenation is possible (if the first encoded character is a space
subsequent barcodes are concatenated by the scanner). Distance-reading is possible (> 1m).
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4.1.16 Code 32
Valid characters: “0” - “9”
Module width: 0,25 <= X <= 0.254 mm
Standard print ratio: 1:2.5:1:2.5
A012345676
Default check digit: Module 10 Luhn Reversed (eCDMod10LuhnRev)
Possible check digits: Module 10 Luhn Reversed (eCDMod10LuhnRev)
Symbol size: --
It is used by the Italian Pharma Industry. The code is also called Italian Pharmacode.
The Code 32 number, consisting of 9 digits, is converted to an equivalent Code 39 Barcode of 6 characters.
The letter the human readable text is prepended by “A” which is not encoded.
4.1.17 Code 39 Extended

Possible check digits: Modulo 43 (eCDMod43), Modulo 11 Weight 7
(eCDMod11W7)
text
Print control: C=39E
Code 39 Extended is rarely used because Code 128 offers much better compression. Code 39 Extended
uses the same symbology as Code 39 but encodes also lower-case letters and special characters („+A“
results in a lower case „a“ when scanned). Scanner must be configured correctly for decoding Code39
Extended.
► The start- and stop characters “*” (asterisk) are created automatically and must not be included in the
input data. They are not displayed in the human readable text.
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4.1.18 Code 93
Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “-“, “.”, Space, “$”, “/”, “+”, “%”
Default check digit: Automatic (symbology specific). ABC123-/+
Modulo 47 (eCD2Mod47)
Symbol size: --
Print control: C=93
Code 93 was invented 1982 by INTERMEC to achieve better information densities (compared to Code 39).
Code concatenation is possible (if the first encoded character is a space subsequent barcodes are
concatenated by the scanner).
4.1.19 Code 93 Extended

Default check digit: Automatic (symbology specific). ABab12-/+
Modulo 47 (eCD2Mod47)
Symbol size: --
Print control: C=93E
Based upon Code 93 but encodes the complete ASCII character set. One of the four available control
characters is used to shift into the ASCII-character table.
4.1.20 DAFT Code

Valid characters: “D”, “A”, “F”, “T” or “d”, “a”, “f”, “t”
Quiet zone: left/right: 2 mm
Module width: --
Standard print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Default check digit: None
Symbol size: --
DAFT Code is no symbology. It is a technique to generate arbitrary postal codes (like for instance the
Australian Postal Codes or the Royal Mail 4 State code).
Each input character stands for a specific bar type and there are 4 different bar types:
 “D” or “d”: Descender
 “A” or “a”: Acsender
 “F” or “f’: Full
 “T” or “t”: Transmitter
4.1.21 DOD Logmars

DOD Logmars stands for Department of Defense Logmars. Same as Logmars (see section 1.1.1).
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4.1.22 DUN-14
The DUN-14 (Distribution Unit Number) is not a barcode type. It's a numbering system for shipping
containers. The DUN-14 uses the ITF-14 or the EAN-14 barcode symbols. Modern installations always use
the EAN-14 (EAN-128) to encode the DUN-14.
The DUN-14 encodes the following data:
 The first digit represents the number of units in the container: 1=6 units, 2=10 units, 3=12 units, 4=20
units, 5=24 units. (The digits 6,7 and 8 are standing for other numbers of units.)
 The next 12 digits are representing the product number. In general this is the EAN-13 number without
check digit.
 The last digit is the check digit.
4.1.23 DUNS
This is not a barcode standard. DUNS is a nine-digit number assigned and maintained by Dun and
Bradstreet to identify unique business establishments. DUNS numbers are assigned worldwide and include
US, Canadian, and international organizations.
4.1.24 EAN-128 (GS1-128)

The EAN-128 code was renamed to GS1-128. It is the same as the UCC-128 and sometimes referenced as
UCC/EAN-128 in this document.

(maximum: 48 characters)
Quiet zone: left/right: 10X, min. ¼ in
Module width: see Code128
Standard print ratio: see Code128
Ratio format: see Code128
Modulo 103 (eCDEAN128)
Symbol size: the maximum physical width is 165 mm
Print control: C=G128 / C=E128
The GS1-128 code is based upon Code-128. It has an FNC1 character at the 1st position (after the start
code). This allows scanners and data processing software to differentiate GS1-128 from other symbologies.
The GS1-128 code is in wide spread use (retail, logistics, food and beverage, etc.). It is used for marking
transport-units in supply chains. Besides the article-number it encodes quantities, weights, prices, dates, and
other information in a structured way. This is supported by the use of so-called Application Identifiers (AIs) –
see chapter 1. Within the GS1 system these Application Identifiers (AIs) prefix the encoded data.
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4.1.25 EAN-13
Valid characters: “0”..”9”, 12 digits + 1 check digit
Quiet zone: left: 11X, right: 7X
Module width: X=0.33mm
Default check digit: EAN-13 (eCDEAN13)
Possible check digits: User supplied
Symbol size: Standardized symbol sizes (see EAN).
Print control: C=E13
1
This code is reserved for the International Article Number administered by the standards organization GS1.
The numbers encoded into EAN bar codes are known as Global Trade Item Numbers, for EAN-13 they are
called GTIN-13.
EAN 13 is used for identifying articles or products uniquely (often sold at retail point of sale). Encoded are a
2-digit country code, 5-digits manufacturer code and a 5 digits products code. JAN and IAN are identical to
EAN-13.
The check digit is calculated automatically if it not specified in the input data (that is when only 12 digits are
used for creating the code).
4.1.26 EAN-13 with 2 Digits Add-On

Quiet zone: left: 7-10X, right: 5X
This symbology extends EAN-13 with 2 add-on digits (see also EAN-8 with 2 Digits Add-On). The check digit
will be calculated automatically if not specified in the input data (e.g. 978020137968612).

This symbology extends EAN-13 with 5 add-on digits (see also EAN-8 with 5 Digits Add-On). The check digit
will be calculated automatically if not specified in the input data (e.g. 978020137968612345).
1
Formerly European Article Number (EAN)
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4.1.28 EAN-14
Valid characters: ASCII-characters between 0..127,
13 digits + 1 check digit
Quiet zone: see GS1-128, ITF-14
Module width: see GS1-128, ITF-14
Standard print ratio: see GS1-128, ITF-14
Ratio format: see GS1-128, ITF-14
Symbol size: see GS1-128, ITF-14
EAN-14 is used to encode the GTIN (Global Trade Item Number) for numbering trade items. Within the GS1
system you can use 2 symbologies for encoding the GTIN:
 GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128)
 ITF-14.
EAN-14 uses GS1-128 with Application identifier (AI) 01. The AI is prefixed automatically; it must not be part
of the input data. The check digit is calculated automatically if not specified in the input data (that is when
only 13 digits are used).
4.1.29 EAN-18
Same as SSCC-18 (see section 1.1.1).
4.1.30 EAN-8
Symbol size: Standardized symbol sizes. See EAN.
Print control: C=E8
This symbology is derived from the longer EAN-13 bar code and encodes the GTIN-8, which is another set
of product identifiers from the GS1 system.
EAN 8 is used for marking small articles with restricted space. It encodes a unique article number, which
consists of a GS1 prefix, an item reference (no company prefix) and a checksum digit.
The check digit is calculated automatically if not specified in the input data (that is when only 7 digits are
used for creating the code).
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Print control: C=E8+2
This symbology extends EAN-8 with 2 add-on digits which are mainly used for encoding the price or the
weight. The check digit will be calculated automatically if it not specified in the input data (e.g. 9031101712).
This symbology is also used for bar-coding paperbacks or newspapers. In this case a 2(3) digits country
code and a 4(5) article code are encoded.

Print control: C=E8+5
This symbology extends EAN-8 with 5 add-on digits which are mainly used for encoding the price or the
weight. The check digit will be calculated automatically if it not specified in the input data (e.g.
072527272077)
FIN Code (Fahrzeug-Identifizierungsnummer)
This code is identical to the VIN Code (Vehicle Identification Number).
4.1.33 Flattermarken
Quiet zone: Application dependent
Module width: 2-3 mm
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Symbol size: Symbol height between 5 and 10mm
Print control: C=FLM
This is a special “barcode” used for recognizing the correct sequence of pages in print-shops.
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4.1.34 GS1-128
The GS1-128 is simply another name for the existing EAN-128 (or UCC-128) barcode. The EAN and UCC
standardization organizations founded GS1 in order to globalize (and harmonize) their different standards.
See section 6.1.24.
4.1.35 GTIN
GTIN stands for Global Trade Item Number and is not a barcode symbology.
A GTIN is used for the unique identification of trade items worldwide within the GS1 (EAN.UCC) system. The
GTIN may be encoded in UPC-A, EAN-8, EAN-13, EAN-14, ITF-14 and GS1-128 symbologies.
Depending on the number of digits available in the bar code, the GTIN is divided into GTIN-8, GTIN-12,
GTIN-13 and GTIN-14.
4.1.36 HIBC
HIBC is an abbreviation for Health Industry Bar Code. The HIBC is a numbering system – and not a specific
barcode symbology. It is used for product identification codes as well as for worldwide identification of
shipping units.
The primary code contains the manufacturer id, the article number, the package number and a check digit.
The secondary code contains the serial number, the expiration date and the units per package.
The following symbologies are commonly used for encoding: Code 39, Code 128, Codablock F. For more
information, please refer to section 1.1 and to http://www.hibcc.org.
4.1.37 I-2/5
Short for Code 2 of 5 Interleaved (see section 6.1.12). It is also known as Code 25.
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4.1.38 ISBN Code (ISBN 13)

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, 12 digits + 1 check digit + optionally 5 add-
on digits
Quiet zone: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 5 Digits
Module width: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 5 Digits
Standard print ratio: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 5 Digits
Ratio format: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 5 Digits
9 780201 379686
Symbol size: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 5 Digits
Print control: C=ISBN
ISBN is the abbreviation of International Standard Book Number. It uses the symbology EAN-13 and can be
optionally extended with 5 Add-On Digits. The add-on is used for additional pricing information. For more
information, please refer to http://www.isbn.org.
The EAN-13 barcode for a book is generated from the ISBN number assigned to it. When encoding ISBN in
an EAN-13 barcode, the ISBN number is preceded by the number 978 and the ISBN check digit is not used
(the rightmost digit of the ISBN). When the ISBN number is encoded in the EAN-13 barcode in this way it is
often called Bookland. A 5 digit add-on barcode is optional and can contain the price of the book.
► ISBN codes with 10 digits are automatically converted to the newer ISBN with 13 digits!
4.1.38.1 Example
You got the ISBN Number 1-56592-843-1 and a value for the second small barcode (as for the price) of
90000.
Therefore choose the symbology EAN 13 + 5 Digits encode the following data: 97815659284390000. The
check digit is calculated automatically (5).
4.1.38.2 ISBN Additional Data

The smaller barcode which is on the right side of the ISBN code is a 5-digit additional code and can be used
for additional information (e.g. like pricing).
Example:
Price Encoded
$10.95 51095
$3.00 50300
$99.99 + 59999
Table 12: ISBN Sample
The preceding digit ”5” (therefore also called EAN-5) marks the price encoded in US Dollar. Bookstores
recommend EAN-5. If there is no price, the value 90000 will be encoded instead (EAN-9). This value is used
when no additional information is available.
► For scanner in US bookstores ISBN, EAN codes are not readable without the 5 digit add-on (which is
called EAN-5 or EAN-9, depending on the first number encoded in the add-on).
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First Digit Description

5 $ US
6 $ Canada
4 $ New Zealand
3 $ Australia
0&1 British pounds
Table 13: ISBN Encoding – Country and Currency
Values Description
59999 Price for $100 and more
90000-98999 For internal purposes (BISG recommend 90000 if no price is given)
99000-99999 Reserved for the industry market
99990-99999 Reserved for Nat’l Ass’n College Stores (NACS)
99990 NACS used books
99991 NACS copies
Table 14: ISBN Encoding – Price Samples
4.1.39 ISBT-128
This is the International Standard for the transfer of information associated with tissue transplantation and
Blood Transfusion. It provides a globally unique donation numbering system, internationally standardized
product definitions, and standard data structures for bar-coding and electronic data interchange.
It uses (but is not limited to) Code128B. For more information, please refer to http://iccbba.org.
4.1.40 ISMN
Quiet zone: See EAN13
Module width: See EAN13
Standard print ratio: See EAN13
Ratio format: See EAN13
9 790123 456785
Symbol size: See EAN13
ISMN stands for International Standard Music Number. The ISMN is a standardized international code, which
identifies printed music.
The ISMN is preceded by the digits 9790. The ISMN (=EAN-13) check digit is calculated and appended
automatically!
For more information, please refer http://www.ismn-international.org/.
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
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4.1.41 ISSN
Valid characters: “0”..”9”, 12 digits + 1 check digit + optionally 2 add-
on digits
Quiet zone: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 2 Digits
Module width: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 2 Digits
Standard print ratio: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 2 Digits
Ratio format: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 2 Digits 9 771234 567898

Symbol size: See EAN13 / EAN13 + 2 Digits
ISSN stands for International Standard Serial Number. The ISSN is a standardized international code, which
identifies any serial publication independently of its country of origin, its language or alphabet, or its
frequency, medium, etc.
The ISSN is preceded by the digits 977. The check digit of an 8-digit ISSN code (the last of the 8 digits) must
be omitted! A two digit price code, almost always "00", is added to the end. Finally the EAN-13 check digit is
added.
Optionally the issue number can be appended as 2-digit add-on.
For more information, please refer to http://www.issn.org.
4.1.42 ITF-14
Valid characters: 13 digits + 1 check digit
Module width: 0.051 – 1.02 mm (nominal size)
Standard print ratio: 1:2.5:1:2.5
Default check digit: Mod-10 (eCDMod10)
Symbol size: 152.43 x 41.60 mm at nominal size (including Quiet
Zone and Bearer Bars)
Print control: C=I14
ITF-14 encodes the GTIN-14, this is a 14-digit number used to identify trade items at various packaging
levels (also referred as GTIN).
ITF-14 is based on the Code 2 of 5 Interleaved symbology. It encodes 14 digits (13 usable digits + 1 modulo
10 check digit). The check digit method complies with the EAN-14 method.
ITF-14 uses “Bearer Bars”, these are horizontal or surrounding bars, to prevent misreads.
► Symbol size and Bearer Bars are depending on printing method and scanning environment – for
details please follow the GS1 specification.
► When using vertical Bearer Bars, they must have at least a distance of 10 modules to the bar code.
4.1.43 JAN
JAN is the abbreviation for Japanese Article Number. This code uses EAN-13 symbology. The first two digits
have to be either 45 or 49 for identifying Japan.
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4.1.44 LOGMARS
Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “+“, “-”, “*”, “/”, ”.”, ”$”, Space
Module width: X>=0.19 mm
Possible check digits: Modulo 43 (eCDMod43), Modulo 11 Weight 7 AB12$+
(eCDMod11W7)
H: Height of barcode symbol without human
readable text
L: Width of barcode
This is a special variant of Code 39 used by the U.S. Department of Defense. This standard defines
acceptable ranges for a number of variables, include density, ratio, bar height, and size of the human-
readable interpretation line. The modulo-43 check digit, which is optional for Code 39, is defined and
recommended in the specification.
4.1.45 MSI
Module width: --
Default check Digit: MSI 1 digit (eCDMSI1) 012345674
Possible check digits: User supplied and MSI 2 digit (eCDMSI2)

Symbol size: 14 digits incl. check digits
Print control: C=MSI
The MSI-Code is a variant of the Plessey-Code. MSI uses various check digit calculation methods.
4.1.46 NVE-18 (Nummer der Versandeinheit)

Check digit method: Modulo10
Default check digit: Modulo10
(00)123456789012345675
Modulo 10 (eCDMod10) and Modulo 103
(eCDEAN128)
Symbol size: --
NVE stands for “Nummer der Versandeinheit” (a German term for tracking number). This code uses an EAN-
128 symbology with a prefixed Application Identifier (AI) 00. The AI “00” is inserted automatically and must
not be included in the input data. It is similar to SSCC-18.
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4.1.47 NW-7
This symbology is identical with Codabar 2 Widths and is also known as Code 2 of 7.
The Japanese version of the Codabar 2 Widths barcode is called NW7. Another name for this symbology is
Code 2 of 7 – see section 1.1.1
The following symbols can be encoded in NW7: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -, $, /, ., +
4.1.48 Pharmacode One-Track

Valid characters: “0”..”9” or binary
Module width: 2-3 mm
Standard print ratio: 1:3:2:4:2:3
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1C:2C:1S:2S 111111
Symbol size: 5-10 mm height
®
This code was invented by Laetus . It is used in pharmaceutical areas. Pharmacode supports colored bars.
The data for the bars/spaces is encoded directly in the property Text:
 “0” is used for a narrow bar (the width of these bars are enlarged after a color change, according to
ratio 1C)
 “1” is used for a wide bar (the width of these bars are enlarged after a color change, according to ratio
2C)
 “b” is used for a narrow bar
 “c” is used for a wide bar
When using colored bars, the color is specified by the escape sequence \Crrggbb (where rrggbb is an RGB
value; each letter stands for a hexadecimal digit (0-f); rr stands for the red, gg for the green, and bb for the
blue value part). The sequence \Ce resets the color to default. The barcode Format must be set to D and
EscapeSequences must be activated.
The data for the barcode in the example above is as follows (the color escape sequence is not displayed in
the human readable text): 111\C2a3282111.
4.1.49 Pharmacode Two-Track

Valid characters: numeric [0..9] and generic;
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Symbol size: see Notes
®
This code was invented and specified by Laetus . Pharmacode assigns numeric values to the bars. It is used
for medicine packing in pharmaceutically area; for small labels. Usually Pharmacode is printed without a
human readable text.
The dimensions are:
 2-track bar width: 1 mm
 space bars: 1 mm
 bar height above/below: 4-6 mm
 height of the long bar: 8-12 mm
It offers a high printing tolerance and is readable very fast (200 readings per second).
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4.1.50 Pharma Zentralnummer (PZN)

4.1.50.1 PZN7: 6 Digits + 1 Check Digit (valid until 2012/12/31)
Quiet zone: see Code 39
Module width: see Code 39
Standard print ratio: see Code 39
Ratio format: see Code 39
PZN -1234562
Default check digit: PZN check digit (eCDPZN)
Symbol size: see Code 39
4.1.50.2 PZN8: 7 Digits + 1 Check Digit (valid from 2013/01/01)

Quiet zone: see Code 39
Module width: see Code 39
Standard print ratio: see Code 39
Ratio format: see Code 39 PZN -12345678
Default check digit: PZN check digit (eCDPZN)
Symbol size: see Code 39
PZN uses Code 39 as the base symbology. It uses a special check digit and the human readable text always
contains the prefix “PZN-“ (which is not encoded in the barcode data).
PZN7 is valid until the end of 2012 and will be replaced by PZN8 with the beginning of year 2013. PZN7
numbers will stay valid but are going to be extended to 8 digits by a leading “0”.
4.1.51 Plessey Code

Valid characters: numeric [0..9] A, B, C, D, E, F
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1S:2S ABC123B3
Default check digit: Plessey (eCDPlessey)
Symbol size: --
Plessey code is in use primarily in libraries. It is a pulse-width modulated code and was developed by
Plessey Company Limited in UK. The basic encoding principle in Plessey Code was used by MSE Data
Corporation to construct its MSI barcode.
The check digit is calculated with a polynomial CRC algorithm and is always part of the symbology.
4.1.52 Rational Codabar

Is the same as Codabar – see section 1.1.1.
4.1.53 SCC-14
Shipping Container Code – see DUN-14.
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4.1.54 SSCC-18
Quiet zone: see EAN 128, sometimes ¼ inch
Module width: see EAN 128
Default check digit: Automatic (symbology specific). (00)012345678901234560
Modulo 10 (eCDMod10) and Modulo 103
(eCDEAN128)
Symbol size: see GS1-128
Print control: C=SSCC18
SSCC-18 is used for encoding the Serial Shipping Container Code. It is used for the unique identification of
trade items world-wide. SSCC-18 is based on the GS1-128 symbology with Application Identifier (AI) 00. The
check digit is encoded automatically if 17 digits are used for the input data.
The structure of the SSCC-18 is as follows:
 The first two digits represent the Application Identifier (AI). The AI is always ‘00’.
 The next digit is the Packaging Identifier.
 The Packaging Identifier is followed by the ILN (the International Location Number) of the
manufacturer (7 digits).
 The next 9 digits represent the Carton Serial Number.
 The last digit is the check digit.
4.1.55 Telepen Alpha

Valid characters: ASCII characters between 0..127
Quiet zone: n/a
12Az
Symbol size: --
Telepen Alpha is the alphanumeric variant of Telepen.
4.1.56 Telepen
Valid characters: pairs of digits, pairs of one digit with an ‘X’
Quiet zone: n/a
0123456X
Symbol size: --
Telepen can encode pairs of characters only. A pair must consist of 2 digits or of one digit and the letter ‘X’.
4.1.57 UCC-128
Same as the EAN-128 (see section 6.1.24).
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4
4.1.58 UPC 12 Digits

Same as the UPC-A (see section 6.1.59).
4.1.59 UPC Version A

Quiet zone: 9X
Module width: 0,33 mm
Default check digit: UPC-A (eCDUPCA)
Symbol size: H=26.26mm; B=37.29mm; variations allowed (see
UPC-A spec).
Print control: C=UA
UPC A is used in the United States for marking of products in retail applications (similar to EAN).
The numbers encoded into UPC bar codes are known as Global Trade Item Numbers, for UPC-A they are
called GTIN-12.
UPC-A is mainly used for scanning of trade items at the point of sale. The article number is maintained by
GS1 US and identifies manufacturer and product uniquely.
The code (11 digits + 1 check digit) is built from one system-digit, 5 digits manufacturer code and 5 digits
product code. The check digit is calculated automatically if not specified in the input data (that is when only
11 digits are used for the code).
4.1.60 UPC Version A, 2 Digits Add-On

Module width: see UPC-A
Standard print ratio: see UPC-A 12
Ratio format: see UPC-A
Default check digit: UPC-A (eCDUPCA) 7 25272 72070
Symbol size: see UPC-A
Print control: C=UA+2
It is identical to UPC-A, but with 2 add-on digits. The check digit will be calculated automatically if it is not
specified in the input data (e.g. 72527272070712). The check digit is not displayed in the human readable
text.
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
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4.1.61 UPC Version A, 5 Digits Add-On

Module width: see UPC-A
Standard print ratio: see UPC-A 12345
Ratio format: see UPC-A
Default check digit: UPC-A (eCDUPCA) 7 25272 72070
Symbol size: see UPC-A
Print control: C=UA+5
It is identical to UPC-A, but with 2 add-on digits. The check digit will be calculated automatically if it is not
specified in the input data (e.g. 72527272070712345). The check digit is not displayed in the human
readable text.
4.1.62 UPC Version E

Quiet zone: left: 9X, right: 7X
Module width: --
Default check digit: UPC-E (eCDUPCE) 0 123456 5

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=UCE
UPC-E is used for product marking and article bar-coding. The code must begin with “0” or “1”. The check
digit is computed automatically if it is not specified in the input data (that is when only 7 digits are used for
creating the code).
4.1.63 UPC Version E, 2 Digits Add-On

Valid Digits: “0”..”9”, 9 digits + 1 check digit
Module width: see UPC-E
Default check digit: see UPC-E 12
Ratio format: see UPC-E

Check digit method: UPC-E (eCDUPCE) 0 123456

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=UCE+2
This code is identical to UPC Version E, but with 2 add-on digits. The check digit will be calculated
automatically if not specified in the input data (e.g. 0123456512). The check digit is not displayed in the
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BARCODE REFERENCE
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4.1.64 UPC Version E, 5 Digits Add-On

Valid Digits: “0”..”9”, 12 digits + 1 check digit
Module width: see UPC-E
Standard print ratio: see UPC-E 12345
Ratio format: see UPC-E

Default check digit: UPC-E (eCDUPCE) 0 123456

Symbol size: --
Print control: C=UCE+5
This code is identical to UPC Version E, but with 2 add-on digits. The check digit will be calculated
automatically if not specified in the input data (e.g. 0123456512345). The check digit is not displayed in the
4.1.65 UPC SCS (Shipping Container Symbols)

UPC SCS stands for Shipping Container Symbol. ITF-14 is based on Code 2of 5 interleaved as barcode
symbology, but is rendered with bearer bars.
Figure 9: UPC Shipping Container Symbol (SCS)

The UPC Shipping Container Symbol (SCS) is very similar in structure to the Universal Product Code (UPC).
Both employ a unique GS1/UCC company prefix (assigned by GS1) and a 1 to 5-digit item number
(assigned by the manufacturer, depending on the number of digits in the company-prefix). Each employs a
check digit at the end of the code.
The SCS also has a packaging indicator field preceding the UCC company prefix. Its symbology is called
Interleaved 2 of 5 (I-2/5) and uses a series of wide and narrow bands and spaces to represent digits and is
surrounded on two or four sides by a frame called a bearer.
The packaging indicator (historically called an assortment indicator) can be any single digit (except 8 which
is reserved for future use):
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
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Packaging Indicator Description

0 Is always used when the UPC code on the case and on the individual items
inside the case are different or when both a UPC Version A symbol and a UPC
Shipping Container Symbol (I-2/5) must appear on the same carton (for products
where the shipping container also acts as the package for the consumer
product).
1 Is used traditionally when the UPC code on the case and on the individual items
inside the case are the same.
1-7 Can be used to signify a range of packaging levels
8 Reserved for future use
9 Is used only to signify a variable content shipment. The 9 indicates to the
scanner that a mandatory variable content add-on symbol follows the primary
symbol.
Table 15: Shipping Container Symbol Packaging Indicator
4.1.66 USD-4
This symbology is identical with Codabar 2 Widths and is also known as Code 2 of 7 and as NW-7.
4.1.67 USS ITF 2-5

Uniform Symbology Specification ITF 2-5. Identical to Code 2 of 5 Interleaved. Another alias is Code 25.
4.1.68 USS Code 128

USS Code 128 stands for Uniform Symbology Specification Code 128. It is identical to Code 128.
4.1.69 USS Code 39

USS Code 39 stands for Uniform Symbology Specification Code 39. It is identical to Code 39.
4.1.70 VIN Code (Vehicle Identification Number)

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z” (without “I”, “O”, and “Q”)
VB1YYY1JX3M386752
Possible check digits: VIN (eCDVin)
H: Height of the barcode without human readable text
VIN Code is used for vehicle identification. It is based on Code 39, but does not contain start and stop
characters. The set of valid characters consists of digits and upper case letters. The letters “I”, “O”, and “Q”
are not allowed because they could be easily mixed up with the digits “0”, and “1”.
VIN Code is implemented differently in Europe and North America. Both kinds are compatible but the North
American version is defined more strictly. So the check digit calculation method is only valid for the North
American implementation of the code
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BARCODE REFERENCE
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4.2 POSTAL CODES (LINEAR/1D)
4.2.1 Australian Post Customer

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, 8 digits
Quiet-zone: left/right: 6 mm, top/bottom: 2 mm
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S
12345678
Size: see Notes
Print control: see Notes
Print control: C=APC37
This barcode is used by the Australian Post for marking shipments. Special code variants are available for
redirections, replies and so on. The barcode height is between 4.2mm and 5.8mm. The module width should
be adjusted to 0.47 mms. Usual no readable text is displayed. The length will depend on the use of
additional bars (code variants Customer 2 and Customer 3).
Due to its number of bars (37) Australian Post Customer is also called Australia Post 37-CUST.

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “a”..”z”, Space, “#”
Quiet zone: left/right: 6 mm, top/bottom: 2 mm
Module width: --
12345678ABab
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Symbol size: see Australian Post Customer
This is the same barcode as the Australian Post Standard Customer, but with additional 5 characters for
customer specific data. The first 8 characters must be digits. This symbology is also called Australia Post 52-
CUST (Due to its 52 bars).

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “a”..”z”, Space, “#”
Module width: --
12345678ABCabc
Ratio format: 1B:1S
This is the same barcode as the Australian Post Standard Customer, but with additional 10 characters for
customer specific data. The first 8 characters must be digits. This symbology is also called Australia Post 67-
CUST (Due to its 67 bars).
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
4
4.2.4 Australian Post Redirection

Module width: --
12345678
Ratio format: 1B:1S
4.2.5 Australian Post Reply Paid

Module width: --
12345678
Ratio format: 1B:1S
4.2.6 Australian Post Routing

Module width: --
12345678
Ratio format: 1B:1S
4.2.7 Brazilian CEPNet / Brazilian Postal Code

Quiet zone: vertical: 1/25 inch
horizontal: 1/8 inch
Module width: --
Standard print ratio: 1:1 123456784
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Default check digit: POSTNET (eCDPostNet)
Symbol size: 8 digits, 1 check digit
This code is used by the Brazilian Postal Services. An 8 digit ZIP-code is encoded. The check digit is
calculated automatically. It cannot be specified in the input data.
The barcode height should be adjusted to 3.2 mms; the module width to 0.423 mms; usually no plain text is
displayed. The encoding is based on US Postal codes.
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BARCODE REFERENCE
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4.2.8 Deutsche Post Identcode

Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1S:2S 01.234 567.86

DP Identcode (eCDDPIdent)
Symbol size: --
This symbology is used by Deutsche Post. The code is basically a Code 2 of 5 interleaved enhanced with a
special check digit calculation.
4.2.9 Deutsche Post Leitcode

Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:2B:1S:2S 01234.567.86

DP Leitcode (eCDDPLeit)
Symbol size: --
This symbology is used by Deutsche Post. The code is basically a Code 2 of 5 Interleaved enhanced with a
special check digit calculation. It is used for encoding the ZIP-Code, Street and number of the shipment.
4.2.10 DPD Code

Symbol size: --
DPD Code is used by DPD (Deutscher Paket Dienst). It is based on Code 128 and is limited to 28 encoded
characters. The encoded data and the human readable text differ slightly.
The barcode data is specified as follows
IPPPPPPPTTTTTTTTTTTTTTSSSCCC
Whereas the human readable text is defined as:
PPPPPPPTTTTTTTTTTTTTTSSSCCCD
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
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With:
Character Description Data Type Length
I Identifier (in barcode data only) Alphanumeric 1
P Destination postal code Alphanumeric 7
X Depot number (first part of the tracking number) Alphanumeric 4
L Serial number (second part of the tracking number) Numeric 10
S Service Code Numeric 3
C Destination Country Code Numeric 3
D Check digit modulo 36 (in human readable text only) Alphanumeric 1
Table 16: DPD Format
4.2.11 Italian Postal Code 2 of 5

Default check digit: None (eCDMod10ItlPst25)
Symbol size: --
Italian Postal Code 2 of 5 is based upon Code 2 of 5 Interleaved, but it is limited to 12 digits (11 usable digits
+ 1 modulo 10 check digit).
4.2.12 Japanese Postal Code

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “-“,
7 digits (ZIP code) + additional data
Quiet zone: left/right/top/bottom: 2 mm
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S

Symbol size: --
This code is used by the Japanese Postal system. You can encode 7 digits followed by block and street
number (uppercase alphanumeric). The special compaction mode of Japanese characters can be enabled
on demand (Format parameter “J”) – see below.
This barcode symbology supports two methods to provide the barcode data (with and without data–
extraction from the Japanese Address B Field).
4.2.12.1 Direct Encoding Mode

Description Value
Format Property “” (default=empty)
Postal code 2730102 (no hyphen ‘-‘)
Address B 3-20-5B604
Barcode text Postal code + Address B (no space between)
Barcode text 27301023-20-5B604
Encoded data in the symbol 27301023-20-5B604
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BARCODE REFERENCE
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4.2.12.2 Japanese Extraction Mode

Description Value
Format Property ”J” (= Enable Japanese Compaction)
Postal code 273-0102 (can contain ‘-‘)
Address B
Barcode text Postal code + Address B
Barcode text 273-0102
Encoded data in the symbol 27301023-20-5B604 (after compaction)
Encoding SHIFT JIS (CP932)
4.2.12.3 Standard Dimensions

To draw the barcode according to the specification please follow these steps:
► Set the module width to 0.577mm

► Set the height of the „Bounding Rectangle“ in the draw function to 3.5 mm
4.2.13 KIX – Dutch Postal Code

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”, “a”..”z”
Quiet zone: left/right/top/bottom: 2 mm
Module width: 0.38-0.63 mm
2500GG30250
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Symbol size: --
This code is used by the Dutch Postal system.
4.2.14 Korean Postal Authority

Check digit method: Check digit included in the code
Quiet zone: 10X (not exactly specified)
Module width: --
Standard print ratio: 1:3:4 1234569
Ratio format: 1B:1S:2S
Modulo10 (eCDMod10Kor)
Symbol size: --
This code is used by the Korean Postal system. Encoded are a 6-digit ZIP and 1 check digit.
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4
4.2.14.1 Example
Description Value
Post number 305-600
Barcode Text property 305600 (no hyphen, 6 digits)
Encoded data in the symbol 0065036
th
The check digit (7 digit marked red) will be calculated
automatically.
Parameters: width = 70, height = 4 mm, module width = 0.417 mm
► Hint: Will be scanned from right to left, so the data is encoded in the reverse order. The check digit
will be added at the right side, so it is the first digit read by a scanner.
4.2.15 Planet 12
Quiet zone: left/right: 1/25 inch
top/bottom: 1/8 inch
Module width: --
123456789014
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Default check digit: Modulo 10 Planet (eCDMod10Pla)
Symbol size: 11 digits + 1 check digit
This code was developed for the United States Postal Services. It is a 3-of-5 variant of the Postnet barcode.
4.2.16 Planet 14
Quiet zone: left/right: 1/25 inch
top/bottom: 1/8 inch
Module width: --
12345678901239
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Default check digit: Modulo 10 Planet (eCDMod10Pla)
Symbol size: 13 digits + 1 check digit
This code was developed for the United States Postal Services. It is a 3-of-5 variant of the Postnet barcode.
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4.2.17 Royal Mail 4 State (RM4SCC)

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, “A”..”Z”
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Symbol size: max. 9 digits without check digits
Print control: C=RM
This code is a height modulated code using 4 different vertical bars. It is used in mass-mailing applications
(Cleanmail, Mailsort) of the Royal Mail, United Kingdom and Singapore (also called SinPost barcode).
Encoded are ZIPs.
4.2.18 Singapure Post 4-State Customer Code (SinPost)

Singaporean Postcode – identical with Royal Mail 4 State (RM4SCC).
4.2.19 Singapore Post

The Singapore Post 4 State Customer Code is the same as the RM4SCC.
4.2.20 USPS Intelligent Mail® Barcode or IM® Barcode

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, 20 digits + 0, 5, 9, or 11-digit ZIP Code.
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Symbol size: Up to 31 digits
Print control: C=IMB
This symbology is also known as
 OneCode 4CB
 USPS 4CB
 4-CB
 4-State Customer Barcode
 USPS OneCode Solution Barcode.
The following data is encoded:
 Barcode ID (1st digit: 0-9; 2nd digit: 0-4)

 Special services (range: 000-999)
 Customer ID (range: 000000-999999)
 Sequence number (range: 000000000-999999999)
 Delivery point ZIP code (0, 5, 9, or 11-digit ZIP code)
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4.2.21 USPS Intelligent Mail® Package Barcode

Valid characters: “0”..”9” + FNC1, Routing Information: 0, 8, or 12 digits
+ Tracking Information: 22 to 26 digits.
Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S 9102 8052 1368 3062 5229 20
Default check digit: Modulo 10 (USPS IM Package)
(eCDMod10IMPackage)
Symbol size: 22 to 34 digits
The barcode data consists of Routing Information and Tracking Information. The Routing Information is
optional. It is not printed in the human visible text and consists of:
 Postal Code Application Identifier (AI): always 420

 Destination ZIP Code (5 or 9 digits)
The tracking information is mandatory. It is printed in the human readable text 3 types of tracking information
exist: commercial mailer constructs, online constructs, and retail constructs.
 Commercial Mailer Constructs:
 Channel Application Identifier (92 or 93)
 Service Type Code (3 digits)
 Mailer Identifier (6 or 9 digits)
 Serial Number (if Mailer Identifier has 9 digits: 7 or 11 digits, otherwise: 10 or 14 digits)
 Check Digit
 Online Constructs:
 Channel Application Identifier (94)
 Source Identifier (2 digits)
 Mailer Identifier (6 or 9 digits)
 Serial Number (5 or 8 digits)
 Check Digit
 Retail Constructs:
 Channel Application Identifier (95)
 Channel Identifier (1 digit)
 Device ID (6 digits)
 Julian Date (4 digits)
 Serial Number (5 digits)
 Check Digit
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4.2.22 USPS Postnet 5

Module width: --
123455
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Print control: C=PSN5
This code is used by the United States Postal Services for mass-mailing applications. Encoded are a 5 digit
ZIP-code. The check digit is calculated automatically. It cannot be specified in the input data.
displayed.
The newer USPS Intelligent Mail® Barcode or IM® Barcode (4-State Customer Barcode) additionally
includes a 20 digits tracking code

Module width: --
123455
Ratio format: 1B:1S
th
Same as Postnet 5, but the check digit can be specified freely (the 6 digit). To be used only if the check
digit is already part of the input data.

Valid characters: “0”..”9”, 9 + 1 check digit
Module width: --
1234567895
Ratio format: 1B:1S
ZIP-code and 4 additional digits. The check digit is computed automatically, it cannot be specified in the
input data.
displayed.
includes a 20 digits tracking code.
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Module width: --
1234567895
Ratio format: 1B:1S
th

Module width: --
Ratio format: 1B:1S
ZIP-code and 4 to 9 additional digits. The check digit is calculated automatically. It cannot be specified in the
input data.
displayed.
includes a 20 digits tracking code.

Module width: --
123456789014
Ratio format: 1B:1S
th
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4.3 2D SYMBOLOGIES
4.3.1 Aztec Code

Valid characters: ASCII 0-127 + ISO 8859-1
Quiet zone: left/right/ top/bottom: 0X
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
Print control: C=AZT
Aztec Code can encode from small to large amounts of data with user-selected percentages of error
correction. The symbol size adjusts automatically depending on the amount of input data.
The input data is always analyzed and the appropriate encoding mode is chosen automatically. Mode
switching is done as required to produce the most efficient encoding.
4.3.1.1 Character Set

The default interpretation is ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1), which corresponds to ECI 000003.
The special FNC1 character is supported.
4.3.1.2 The Maximum Data Capacity of Aztec Code

The Aztec Code specification defines the following:
Numerical data only: 3832

Bytes: 1914
Text characters: 3067 (only uppercase letters used [A..Z])
If you mix the character types the maximum data capacity cannot be predicted exactly (due to internal
compression and character set switching - this is by design).
If you use a combination of digits and text (lower & uppercase letters) the maximum data capacity would be
about 2500 characters - but this can vary due to your input data. If you want to encode large data amounts
we recommend using only capital letters or multiple symbols (structured append).
4.3.2 Codablock F
Valid characters: ASCII 0-127 + ISO 8859-1
Module width: X>=0.19mm
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:1:2:3:4
Size: 2 - 44 rows; 4 - 62 characters per row
Print control: C=CBF
Codablock F is de facto a “stacked” Code128 symbology. It is based upon Code 128 - each row is a single
Code 128 symbol extended with row indicator information and additional check digits. The UCC/EAN/GS1
format indicator is supported.
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4.3.3 Data Matrix

Valid characters: Alphanumeric (ASCII 0.. 255) and/or bytes
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: .001 till 14.0 square inch
Print control: C=DMX
Data Matrix is used for encoding large amounts of data and is also ideal for marking small objects. The
symbol size adjusts automatically depending on the amount of input data.
It was developed by RVSI Acuity CiMatrix for the Space Shuttle Program and then enhanced by the NASA
and the Symbology Research Center.
It is the de-facto standard symbology in the following areas:
 Automotive
 Aviation (SPEC2000)
 Pharmaceutical areas
4.3.3.1 Encoding Modes

switching is done as required to produce the most efficient encoding. Supported encoding modes are:
 BASE256
 C40
 TEXT
 ASCII.
4.3.3.2 Data Capacity

The data capacity depends on the format of the encoded data:
Format Data Capacity

Numeric 3116
Alphanumeric 2355
Binary 1556
Table 17: Data Matrix Data Capacity
The maximum data capacity for binary data is equal to 1556 bytes using a Matrix of 144x144 dots. With a dot
size of 0.35 mm minimum, you get a symbol size of 50.4 * 50.4 mm.
 The maximum data capacity for a matrix of 120x120 dots = 1048 Bytes.
 The maximum data capacity for a matrix of 96x96 dots = 694 Bytes.
In practice, with a hand-held scanner, you can scan sizes up to 96x96 dots without problems. Symbol sizes
of 120x120 dots are ok if you are using (very) good scanners.
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4.3.3.3 Code Format

The following code formats are supported:
 Default/Standard
 UCC/EAN/GS1 (the internal data is prefixed with an FNC1; this format is used for the “GS1 Data
Matrix”)
 Industry (a peculiar industry format, which adds FNC1 at 2nd position)
 Macro 05 (the data is prefixed with “[)>” + RS + “05” + GS and suffixed with RS + EOT)
 Reader Programming (the barcode data is used to program the barcode reader)
4.3.3.4 DP Postmatrix (see 6.3.3.6 GS1 Data Matrix)

In order to generate a Data Matrix for GS1 applications you have to turn on the UCC/EAN/GS1 code format.
More information: GS1 Data Matrix Introduction and Technical Overview

 Deutsche Post Premiumadress Data Matrix and 6.3.3.8 Deutsche Post Werbeantwort Postmatrix)
The following unprintable characters are used with the Macro 05/06 modes:
 RS (Record Separator): 0x1e
 GS (Group Separator): 0x1d
 EOT (End of Transmission): 0x04.
4.3.3.5 Compatibility Options

The internal encoding mode switching is highly optimized and should be supported by all bar code readers
on the market. If you have problems with your image decoding solution, try the following:
To provide compatibility with CAPTIVA, IBML (and maybe other) document scanning solutions we introduced
a compatible mode for these scanners.
► To turn on this compatibility mode, enter "C" into the format property (Data Matrix only).
4.3.3.6 GS1 Data Matrix

In order to generate a Data Matrix for GS1 applications you have to turn on the UCC/EAN/GS1 code format.
4.3.3.7 Deutsche Post Premiumadress Data Matrix

In order to generate a Data Matrix for Deutsche Post Premiumadress use the property settings below and
follow the example.
 Enforce binary encoding (BASE256 mode)
 Data Matrix Size 22x22 (standard)
 Data Matrix Size 26x26 (enlarged)
 Module width 0.423 mm
4.3.3.8 Deutsche Post Werbeantwort Postmatrix

In order to generate a Postmatrix code for Deutsche Post Werbeantwort use the property settings below and
follow the example.
 Code format DP Postmatrix
 Postmatrix Size 22x22 (standard)
 Postmatrix Size 26x26 (enlarged)
 No Binary encoding mode (!)
 Module width 0.423 mm
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4.3.4 DotCode
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
DotCode is 2D dot code symbology designed to be reliably readable when printed by high-speed inkjet or
laser dot technologies.
The encoding modes of DotCode are based on the Code128 data encoding (with modes A, B, and C)
extended by a so called Binary Mode.
The default interpretation for DotCode data is ECI 000003 representing the Latin-I character set.
The DotCode symbology does not have absolute capacity limits, but a maximum symbol size of 124x124
dots is recommended.
4.3.4.1 Code Format
The following code format is supported:
 Auto Discriminate (If the data starts with 2 digits, barcode has GS1 format, otherwise generic format
is used)
 Generic Format (barcode data does not fulfill any special format, if it starts with 2 digits, FNC1 is
inserted)
 UCC/EAN/GS1 (the internal data must start with 2 digits and has to apply to a format of an so-called
application identifier)
 Industry (a peculiar industry format, which adds FNC1 at 2nd position)
 Custom Macro (the data is prefixed with “[)>” + RS and suffixed with RS + EOT; the rest of the format
specifier has to be encoded by the user)
 Reader Programming (the barcode data is used to program the barcode reader)
The following unprintable characters are used with the Macro 05/06 modes:
 RS (Record Separator): 0x1e
 GS (Group Separator): 0x1d
 EOT (End of Transmission): 0x04.
4.3.5 Han Xin Code

Valid characters: Alphanumeric (ASCII 0.. 255) and/or bytes, Chinese
Characters (GB18030)
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
Han Xin Code is a 2D matrix symbology which is used for encoding large amounts of data and provides a
special support for encoding Chinese characters (character set GB18030).
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Format Data Capacity
Numeric 7827
Alphanumeric 4350
Binary 3261
Common Chinese in Region 1 or 2 2174
2-byte Chinese 1739
4-byte Chinese 1044
Table 18: Han Xin Code Data Capacity
The maximum data capacity for binary data is equal to 3261 bytes using a Matrix of 189x189 dots.
4.3.6 MaxiCode
Default Mode: Mode-4 (standard symbol)
Module width: --
Print ratio: n/a
Ratio format: n/a
Size: Fix: 1.11 x 1.054 inch
Print control: C=MXC
®
MaxiCode is in use (and was invented) by UPS .
MaxiCode represents data by drawing hexagonal items, which are arranged around a circular center (a so
called "Bull's Eye"). Different encoding modes for including postal information (SCM) can be adjusted: UPS
Modes are Mode 2 (US Carrier) and Mode 3 (International Carrier).
The printing size is usually set to a fixed value. If you want to change the size of the symbol, adjust a custom
module width (default is 0.870 mm).
Format Data Capacity Characters

Numeric 138 0-9
Alphanumeric 93 0-9 A-Z (uppercase)
Table 19: Maxi Code Data Capacity
®
The maximum data capacity of one symbol is 93 alphanumeric characters. By using the UPS MaxiCode
compression software you can extend this value to about 100 characters. The actual quantity of the utilizable
data depends on the selected mode, how often special characters are used, whether numeric sequences are
used (which can be compressed) and the level of error correction.
With Structured Append you can divide larger quantities of data into several MaxiCode symbols – they are
joined by the scanner when being read.
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4.3.6.2 Modes
The internal data structure is regulated by different "modes". For standard purposes, data can be encoded
with two different error correction levels:
 Mode 4 - SEC / Standard Error Correction
 Mode 5 - EEC = Enhanced E.C.).
®
The modes for "Structured Carrier Message" (SCM) were defined by the parcel transport service UPS . If
you want to use MaxiCode for UPS, please use these SCM modes.
 Mode 2 - SCM numeric
 Mode 3 - SCM alphanumeric
4.3.6.3 MaxiCode & UPS®

®
In order to generate a MaxiCode symbol for UPS , follow the steps below.
Select MaxiCode Mode
► Please use mode 2 or 3 (SCM) depending on your postal code. UPS MaxiCode compression works
only for these SCM modes.
If you want to encode a numeric Postcode (USA) set the mode to "SCM numeric" (Property MaxiCode.Mode
= 2). If you want to use letters in the Postcode (e.g. “D12345” for German PLZ) choose mode SCM
alphanumeric (Property MaxiCode.Mode = 3).
Adjust SCM Fields

 Check "Use preamble" (property MaxiCode.Preamble)
 Enter the date into the field preamble date (property MaxiCode.Date, refer to “Message Header /
Transportation Data” in the UPS manual)
 Enter Service Class (property MaxiCode.ServiceClass), Country Code (property
MaxiCode.CountryCode) and Postal Code (property MaxiCode.PostalCode) into the according text
boxes. (refer to Postal Code, Country Code, Class of Service in the UPS manual)
Alternatively you can pass the values for the SCM fields as shown in following section "Setting SCM
Parameters in the Barcode Data itself"
Adjust Data String

 All other UPS fields must be entered in 'Encoded data' (property Text) separated by Gs. At the end
of the text Rs and Eot must be added.
Example: the text could look like this:
1Z12345677GsUSPNGs123556Gs089GsGs1/1\Gs0GsYGsGsSALT LAKE CITYGsUTRsEot
 Then replace all control characters (Gs, Rs, Eot) with their hexadecimal encoding (\xnn):
Gs  \x1d
Rs  \x1e
Eot  \x04.
 Please refer to Escape Sequences for an overview of available escape sequences.
The text should now look like:
1Z12345677\x1dUSPN\x1d123556\x1d089\x1d\x1d1/1\x1d10\x1dY\x1d\x1dSALT LAKE
CITY\x1dUT\x1e\x04
 This corresponds to the UPS Data fields:  Tracking Number, SCAC, UPS Account Number, Julian
Day of Collection, place holder for Shipment ID Number, Package n/x, Package Weight, Address
Validation, Place Holder for Ship To Street Address, Ship To City, Ship To State, End Of
Transmission.
 At last check Translate escape sequences (property EscapeSequences). This is necessary to
translate the hexadecimal codes (e.g. \x1d) into the special characters “Rs”, “Gs” and “Eot”.
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Setting SCM Parameters in the Barcode Data itself
The parameters for SCM (Structured Carrier Message - used for UPS) can be set directly in the barcode
data string. This allows complete control of all necessary parameters in one step.
Enable extracting of SCM data:
 Set the Format property to "S"

 Set the EscapeSequences property to True.
The values for the properties postal code, country code, service class, preamble and date are then extracted
from the barcode data (Text property). Values from the text string overdrive the belonging properties in the
barcode component.
The Text property should contain the whole data string according to UPS standard (see following picture)
including preamble, date, postal code, country code, and service class.
Special characters and separators must be replaced by escape sequences (also refer to Escape
Sequences).
Gs  \x1d
Rs  \x1e
Eot  \x04.
Figure 1: MaxiCode UPS Encoding
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4.3.7 MicroPDF417
Valid characters: Alphanumeric and/or bytes
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:1:2:3:4:5:6
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:4B:5B:6B:1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S
Size: --
Print control: C=MPDF
Control sequence
For V1.x: $_tbcs b84 dThis is a MicroPDF417$_tbce
For V2.x: $_tbcs -b84 –d"This is a MicroPDF417"$_tbce
This stacked 2D symbology is used to encode large quantities of data.

4.3.8 Micro QR-Code

Valid characters: Alphanumeric and/or bytes, Kanji character set
Quiet zone: left/right/ top/bottom: 2X or 4X
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
Print control: C=MQR
This 2D symbology is a small variant of QR-Code with a reduced number of overhead modules and a
restricted range of sizes. It was developed for fast readability (QR = Quick Response) by Denso. The symbol
size adjusts automatically depending on input data.
Micro QR-Code has 4 different symbol sizes (M1-M4). The smallest version (=size) M1 is restricted to
numeric data and error detection, M2 may contain also alphanumeric values, and M3 and M4 may use the
whole range of the QR-Code character sets (bytes, Kanji).
The maximum amount of data is 35 numeric, 21 alphanumeric, 15 byte, or 9 Kanji characters, in conjunction
with the lowest error correction level.
4.3.9 PDF417
Valid characters: Alphanumeric (ASCII 0.. 255)
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:1:2:3:4:5:6
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:4B:5B:6B:7B:8B:
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S
Size: X >= 0.19 mm
Print control: C=PDF
This (stacked) 2D symbology was invented by Symbol Technologies. It is used to encode large quantities of
data. It is the de-facto 2D standard symbology in the automotive industry.
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The symbol is divided into rows and columns. The software adjusts the size automatically depending on the
amount of input data. A data density of up to 900 characters per square inch is possible.

The data capacity depends on the format of the encoded data. The following limits can only be reached with
error correction level 0.
Numeric 2710 characters 0-9
Alphanumeric 1850 characters 0-9 A-Z (uppercase)
Binary 1108 bytes Default encoding: CP437
Table 20: PDF417 Data Capacity
If you mix the character types the maximum data capacity cannot be predicted exactly (due to internal
compression and character set switching - this is by design).
If you use a combination of digits and text (lower & uppercase letters) the maximum data capacity would be
about 1100 to 1200 characters - but this can vary due to your input data. If you want to encode large data
amounts we recommend using only capital letters or multiple symbols (structured append).
4.3.9.2 How to optimize PDF417 for FAX?

Adjust the resolution of the generated barcode to 200 dpi (FAX devices are usually using 200 dpi). Follow
the instructions in chapter A.4 Optimize Barcode for the Output Device Resolution. Make sure the row-
height of the PDF417 is at least 3 times the module width
4.3.10 PDF417 Truncated

Valid characters: Alphanumeric (ASCII 0.. 255) and/or
bytes
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:1:2:3:4:5:6
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S
Size: --
This (stacked) 2D symbology is used to encode large quantities of data.

The symbol is divided into rows and columns. The software adjusts the size automatically depending on the
amount of input data. A data-density of up to 900 characters per square inch is possible.
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4.3.11 QR-Code (Model 2)

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
Print control: C=QRC
Based upon standard: AIM International ITS/97-001 and ISO/IEC 18004:2000

This 2D symbology is used to encode large quantities of data and was developed for fast readability (QR =
Quick Response Code) by Denso. The symbol size adjusts automatically depending on input data. Special
industry formats are supported.
The default interpretation for QR-Code is ECI 000020 representing the JIS8 and Shift JIS character sets. For
Latin-1 based character sets refer to QR-Code 2005 (see section 6.3.11.4).
4.3.11.1 Kanji and Chinese Compaction

This symbology supports the compaction of Kanji characters and (in newer specifications) also the
compaction of Chinese characters. The compaction of Kanji or Chinese characters can be activated in the
software – when used, it must be ensured that the input data complies with the Shift JIS X 02 (Japanese) or
the GB 2312 (Simplified Chinese) character set.
4.3.11.2 QR–Code Capacity

Numeric 7089 characters 0-9
Alphanumeric 4296 characters 0–9 A–Z (upper-case) space $ % * + - , . / :
Binary 2953 bytes Default encoding: ISO 8859-1 (QR Code 2005)
Kanji 1817 characters Shift JIS X 0208
Table 21: QR Code Data Capacity
Maximum data capacity for binary data is 2953 bytes using a matrix of 177x177 dots. As an example the
symbol version 22 (104x104 dots) can encode approximately 1 KB of data using a low error correction level.
The resulting symbol size is about = 37x37 mm when a dot-size of 0.35 mm is used.
4.3.11.3 QR–Code Creation Speed

QR-Code is a quite complex symbology and may take a lot of CPU-time when encoding a very large amount
of data. You could speed up the encoding process by
► Set the QR-Code mask pattern to a constant value. Changing this setting could affect readability.
► Set the symbol size to a constant value if the symbol should have always the same size.
► Set the error correction level to "low". Changing this setting could affect readability.
► Minimize computing steps: set the configuration properties of Laser Code only one time at startup of
your program, and do only change the text property for each barcode.
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4.3.11.4 Codepages (Character Set)

QR Code was originally developed for Japanese bar code applications. The supported character set of QR
Code Model 2 consists of:
 JIS X 0208 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JIS_X_0208

 JIS X 0201 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JIS_X_0201
The new ISO/IEC 18004:2006 standard for “QR-Code 2005” defines ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) as default
character set in Byte mode!
 Latin-1 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_8859-1
4.3.11.5 Encoding Special Latin-1 Characters

If you want to encode special Latin-1 characters such as the “ß” (sharp s) you come to the problem that the
SHIFT JIS table does not contain the “ß” (sharp s) character. So with QR Code 1997/2000 version you
cannot encode these special Latin-1 characters in the default encoding.
► Encoding the full Latin-1 character set by default is possible with QR-Code 2005.
Using UTF-8 or ISO-8859-1

The only possibility to encode “sharp s” would be to switch to ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) or UTF-8 character set.
Disadvantage
Using other code pages or other character sets as the default character set of a 2D bar code can lead to
problems on the decoding stage. Barcode readers try to decode the QR Code data by using the default
character set (which is SHIFT JIS for QR-Code 97/2000).
Workarounds
You can use UTF-8 or ISO-8859-1 in closed applications. If the data is transmitted in binary form (e.g. a
serial bar code reader or an image scanner will transmit the data as sequence of Bytes) you can decode the
bar code data as UTF-8 or Latin-1 format by the software, which receives the data. You may also have luck
with intelligent image decoding software (e.g. ZXing) which tries to find out if Latin-1, UTF-8 or Shift JIS is
used by auto detection. If you don’t have a closed application or don’t have control about the bar code
decoder, this workaround cannot be used.
Note about ECI sequences

Theoretically QR Code can encode data in an user selectable character set. By design of QR Code so called
“Extended Channel Interpretation” code words can be used to indicate the character set used for the
subsequent data. ECI is part of QR-Code specification and is supported by Escape Sequences. The problem
is that bar code decoders often ignore ECI and so they are useless.
If you want to use UTF-8 without ECI’s you could try to indicate UTF-8 format by prefixing the data with an
UTF-8 byte order mark at the start (EF BB BF). But there is no standard for this and you have to verify if your
bar code reader / decoding software recognizes this marker.
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4.3.12 QR-Code 2005

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
Print control: C=QR2
Based upon standard: ISO/IEC 18004:2006
QR-Code 2005 is closely similar to QR Code Model 2 and, in its QR Code format, differs only in the addition
of the facility for symbols to appear in a mirror image orientation, for reflectance reversal (light symbols on
dark backgrounds) and the option for specifying alternative character sets to the default.
The default interpretation for QR-Code 2005 is ECI 000003 representing the ISO/IEC 8859-1 character
set.
QR-Code 2005 is the form of the symbology recommended for new and open systems applications
4.4 HIBC – HEALTH INDUSTRY BAR CODE

HIBC bar codes are commonly used by the health industry. HIBC standards do not really describe unique
symbologies, but a family of data structures. These data structures may be represented by several
symbologies.
There are two categories of HIBC:
 Label Identification Code (LIC) – specified by the Supplier Labeling Standard

 Provider Applications Standard (PAS)
4.4.1 Supplier Labeling Standard Formats

The Supplier Labeling Standard is used for all HIBC LIC bar codes. For a full specification please refer to the
document Health Industry Bar Code: Supplier Labeling Standard (HIBC SLS) ANSI/HIBC 2.2 – 2006. It
consists of a Primary and a Secondary data structure which may be encoded together in bar code or split
into 2 single symbols.
The Primary Data Structure is specified as follows
+IIIIP*UL
With:
+ HIBC Supplier Labeling Flag '+' “+” 1
I Label Identification Code (LIC) Alphanumeric, first 4
character is a letter
P* PCN (Labelers Product or Catalog) Alphanumeric 1 - 13
U Unit of Measure ID Numeric 1
C Check Digit (mod 43) – also used as Link Character 1
in the Secondary Data Structure.
Table 22: HIBC LIC - Primary Format
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The Secondary Data Structure is defined as
+R*Q*D*B*LC
With:

+ HIBC Supplier Labeling Flag '+' “+” 1
R* Quantity/Date Reference Identifier “$”, ”$$”, or 5 digits 1, 2, or 5
Q* Quantity Field Numeric 0, 3, or 6
D* Date Field Numeric 0, or 5-9
B* Lot/Batch/Serial Number Alphanumeric 0-13
L Link Character – conforms to the check digit in the 1
Primary Data Structure
C Check Digit (mod 43) 1
Table 23: HIBC LIC - Secondary Format
The Combined Data Structure (Primary and Secondary data structure in one piece) is defined as
+IIIIP*U/R*Q*D*B*C
When the fields are as described above and a separator character (“/”) is inserted between the Primary and
the Secondary data structure.
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4
4.4.2 Provider Application Standard Formats

The Provider Applications Standard is used for all HIBC PAS bar codes. For a full specification please refer
to the document Health Industry Bar Code: Provider Applications Standard ANSI/HIBC 1.2 – 2006. It may
consist of a Single or Split Data Field Format. The split format may be encoded together in one bar code or
split into 2 single symbols.
The Single Data Structure is specified as follows
+/F*G*DDDDDC1
With:

+/ HIBC Provider Applications Standard Flag “+/” 2
F* „Where“ Flag Alpha 1 or 3
G* „What“ Flag Alpha 1 or 3
D Application Data Alphanumeric 1-15
C1 Check Digit (mod 43) - equal to the "Link Character" of the 1
Second Data Structure.
Table 24: HIBC PAS – Single/First Data Structure
The First Data Structure is specified as follows
+/1F*G*DDDDC1
It is much the same as the Single Data Structure but has “1” as prefix.
The Second Data Structure is defined as
+/2DDDDC1C2
With:

2 "2" indicates that this is the second data structure “2” 1
D Application Data Alphanumeric 1-15
C1 Check Digit (mod 43) - conforms to the check digit in the First 1
Data Structure.
C2 Check Digit (mod 43) - equal to the "Link Character" of the 1
Second Data Structure.
Table 25: HIBC PAS – Second Data Structure
The Combined Data Structure (First and second data structure in one piece) is defined as
+/F*G1*D1D1D1/G2*D2D2D2C
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With:

F* „Where“ Flag Alpha 1 or 3
G1* „What“ Flag for D1 Alpha 1 or 3
D1 First Application Data Alphanumeric 1-15
/ Separator Character between First and Second Data “/” 1
Structure
G2* „What“ Flag for D2 Alpha 1 or 3
D2 Second Application Data Alphanumeric 1-15
C Check Digit (mod 43 1
Table 26: HIBC PAS – Combined Data Structure
In following you find a list of the bar code symbologies that are able to encode HIBC.
4.4.3 HIBC LIC 128

*+A99912345/99Ø151ØX3M*
Default check digit: Modulo 43 (eCDMod43)
Symbol size: --
HIBC LIC 128 is based on the symbology Code 128. The data format corresponds to the HIBC LIC Format
described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.4 HIBC LIC 39

*+A123BJC5D6E71G*
Default check digit: Modulo 43 (eCDMod43) *+83278F8G9HØJ2G%*

text
HIBC LIC 39 is based on the symbology Code 39. The data format corresponds to the HIBC LIC Format
described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required
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4.4.5 HIBC LIC Data Matrix

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
HIBC LIC Data Matrix is based on the 2D symbology Data Matrix. The data format corresponds to the HIBC
LIC Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.6 HIBC LIC QR-Code

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
HIBC LIC QR-Code is based on the 2D symbology QR-Code. The data format corresponds to the HIBC LIC
Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.7 HIBC LIC PDF417

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:1:2:3:4:5:6
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S
Size: X >= 0.19 mm
HIBC LIC PDF417 is based on the 2D symbology PDF417. The data format corresponds to the HIBC LIC
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4.4.8 HIBC LIC MicroPDF417

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:1:2:3:4:5:6
Size: --
HIBC LIC MicroPDF417 is based on the 2D symbology MicroPDF417. The data format corresponds to the
HIBC LIC Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.9 HIBC LIC Codablock F

Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:1:2:3:4
HIBC LIC Codablock F is based on the stacked symbology Codablock F. The data format corresponds to the
HIBC LIC Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.10 HIBC PAS 128

*+/EU9C83416F/Z34H159$*
Symbol size: --
HIBC PAS 128 is based on the symbology Code 128. The data format corresponds to the HIBC PAS Format
described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
4
4.4.11 HIBC PAS 39

*+/1DI9876E*
*+/2931A1EZ*
text
HIBC PAS 39 is based on the symbology Code 39. The data format corresponds to the HIBC PAS Format
described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.12 HIBC PAS Data Matrix

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
HIBC PAS Data Matrix is based on the 2D symbology Data Matrix. The data format corresponds to the HIBC
PAS Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.13 HIBC PAS QR-Code

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:1
Ratio format: 1B:1S
Size: --
HIBC PAS QR-Code is based on the 2D symbology QR-Code. The data format corresponds to the HIBC
PAS Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
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4.4.14 HIBC PAS PDF417

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:1:2:3:4:5:6
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S
Size: X >= 0.19 mm
HIBC PAS PDF417 is based on the 2D symbology PDF417. The data format corresponds to the HIBC PAS
4.4.15 HIBC PAS MicroPDF417

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:1:2:3:4:5:6
Size: --
HIBC PAS MicroPDF417 is based on the 2D symbology MicroPDF417. The data format corresponds to the
HIBC PAS Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
4.4.16 HIBC PAS Codablock F

Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:1:2:3:4
HIBC PAS Codablock F is based on the stacked symbology Codablock F. The data format corresponds to
the HIBC PAS Format described above. An additional modulo 43 check digit is required.
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BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
4
4.5 GS1 DATABAR SYMBOLOGIES (RSS CODES)
4.5.1 GS1 DataBar (RSS-14)

Quiet zone: none required (1X recommended)
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:4B:5B:6B:7B:8B:9B:
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Default check digit: EAN 14 (eCDEAN14) (01)01234567890128

Symbol size: 13 digits, 1 check digit, AI 01 is encoded
automatically
Print control: C=R
GS1 DataBar is used to encode the GTIN (Global Trade Item Number) with Application identifier (AI) “01“.
The GTIN consists of a packaging indicator (0..9) followed by a 12 digit number (taken from the EAN-13
th
article number system) followed by a check digit. The check digit on the 14 position is computed
automatically if not provided in the input data.
The height of the symbol should be at least 33X in order to support omnidirectional scanning (X = module
width). The software prefixes the barcode data with the AI “01” automatically - do not provide the AI 01 with
your input data.
4.5.2 GS1 DataBar Truncated (RSS-14 Truncated)

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Default check digit: EAN 14 (eCDEAN14) (01)01234567890128

Symbol size: 13 digits, 1 check digit, AI 01 is encoded
automatically
Print control: C=RT
This symbology is similar to GS1 DataBar but the height should be at least 13X. Omni-directional scanning
may not be possible.
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4.5.3 GS1 DataBar Limited (RSS Limited)

Quiet zone: 1X left, 5X right
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
(01)01234567890128
Default check digit: EAN 14 (eCDEAN14)
Print control: C=RL
This symbology is similar to GS1 DataBar, but it is smaller in size and limited to a packaging indicator (first
digit) 0 or 1.
4.5.4 GS1 DataBar Stacked (RSS-14 Stacked)

Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Size: --
Print control: C=RS
This symbology is similar to GS1 DataBar, but it is split into 2 rows to make the symbol smaller. It is used for
pharmaceutical packaging. Omni-directional scanning is not possible.
4.5.5 GS1 DataBar Stacked Omni directional (RSS-14 Stacked Omni

directional)
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Size: --
Print control: C=RO
This symbology is similar to the GS1 DataBar Stacked and supports omnidirectional scanning.
74
BARCODE SYMBOLOGIES
4
4.5.6 GS1 DataBar Expanded (RSS Expanded)

Valid characters: “A”..”Z”, “a”..”z”, “0”..”9” + ISO 646 character set
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Default check digit: None (eCDNone). ABab+
Possible check digits: Modulo 10 (eCDMod10). EAN-14 (eCDEAN14)

Size: Numeric: 74 digits
Alphanumeric: 41 characters
Print control: C=RE
This is a variable length symbology. It encodes up to 74 numeric or 41 alphabetic characters. Data should be
encoded with Application Identifiers (AIs). Omni-directional scanning is possible.
4.5.7 GS1 DataBar Expanded Stacked (RSS Expanded Stacked)

Valid characters: “A”..”Z”, “a”..”z”, “0”..”9” + ISO 646 char set
Module width: --
Print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Default check digit: None (eCDNone).
Size: --
Print control: C=RX
This is the stacked version of GS1 DataBar Expanded. The number of data segments per row can vary
between 4 and 22. The default number of data segments is 4.
4.6 GS1 COMPOSITE SYMBOLOGIES

4.6.1 Data Input
► Please note: For all Composite Symbologies the vertical bar “|” character is used to separate the data
of the linear symbol and the 2D composite component.
4.6.2 Data Capacity of GS1 Composite Symbols

4.6.2.1 Linear Component
GS1-128: up to 48 digits
EAN/UPC: 8, 12 or 13 digits
GS1 DataBar 16 digits (2 digits AI01 + 14 digits GTIN)
GS1 DataBar Expanded: up to 74 digits
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4.6.2.2 2D Component
CC-A up to 56 digits
CC-B up to 338 digits
CC-C up to 2361 digits
The maximum data capacity of the 2D component depends on the number of data columns, which also
depends on the type of the linear component.
For instance, GS1 DataBar Stacked allows a 2D component with 2-data columns (CC-A or CC-B). In this
case the maximum capacity of a CC-A would be 52 digits with special AI combination at the beginning of the
data (AI 11/17 + 10), otherwise the capacity would be 48 digits.
With the other variants having 4 data columns (GS1 DataBar, GS1 DataBar Expanded,...) the maximum data
capacity is a little bit higher = 56 digits.
4.6.3 GS1 DataBar Composite Symbology

Valid characters RSS-14: “0”..”9”, 13 digits + 1 check digit
Valid characters CC-A/B: ISO 646 character set, up to 338 characters
Standard print ratio: 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
(01)12345678901231
Encoded data: 1234567890123|TEC
This is a GS1 DataBar barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B). The leading Application
Identifier (AI) 01 (for the GTIN) is prefixed automatically by the software and must not occur in the input data.
The 2D component can encode additional information like lot number, quantity, expiration date…
4.6.4 GS1 DataBar Truncated Composite Symbology

1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S (01)12345678901231
This is a GS1 DataBar Truncated barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
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4
4.6.5 GS1 DataBar Limited Composite Symbology

Valid characters RSS Lim.: “0”..”9”, 13 digits + 1 check digit
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S (01)12345678901231
This is a GS1 DataBar Limited barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.6 GS1 DataBar Stacked Composite Symbology

1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
This is a GS1 DataBar Stacked barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.7 GS1 DataBar Stacked Omni directional Composite Symbology

1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
This is a GS1 DataBar Stacked Omni directional barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
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4.6.8 GS1 DataBar Expanded Composite Symbology

Valid characters RSS Exp.: ASCII characters between 0..127
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S 1234567890123
This is a GS1 DataBar Expanded barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.9 GS1 DataBar Expanded Stacked Composite Symbology

Valid characters RSS ES: ASCII characters between 0..127
1S:2S:3S:4S:5S:6S:7S:8S:9S
Encoded data: ABCabc123+|TEC
This is a GS1 DataBar Expanded Stacked barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.10 GS1-128 Composite Symbology

Valid characters EAN 128: ASCII-characters between 0..127
Valid characters CC-A/B/C: ISO 646 character set, up to 2361
characters
Ratio format: 1B:2B:3B:4B1S:2S:3S:4S 1234567890

This is a GS1-128 barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A, CC-B or CC-C).
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4.6.11 EAN-8 Composite Symbology

Valid characters EAN 8:“0”..”9”, 7 digits + 1 check digit
1234 5670
This is an EAN-8 barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.12 EAN-13 Composite Symbology

Valid characters EAN 13: “0”..”9”, 12 digits + 1 check digit
1 234567 890128
This is an EAN-13 barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.13 UPC-A Composite Symbology

Valid characters UPC-A: “0”..”9”, 11 digits + 1 check digit
Default check digit: UPC-A (eCDUPCA)
1 23456 78901 2
This is an UPC-A barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
4.6.14 UPC-E Composite Symbology

Valid characters UPC-A: “0”..”9”, 7 digits + 1 check digit
Default check digit: UPC-E (eCDUPCE)
1 234567 0
This is an UPC-E barcode with an attached 2D component (CC-A or CC-B).
79

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USER GUIDE

> Barcode Reference

Barcode Reference User Guide

Helpful links at www.datalogic.com: Contact Us, Terms and Conditions, Support.

Revision Date Number of added or edited pages

10/2013 30/10/2013 Release

02/2018 19/02/2018 Review

REVISION INDEX III

1.2 BARCODE TYPES

1.2.1 Linear 1D Barcodes

Figure 1: Linear Barcode Sample

1.2.2 2D Barcodes (Stacked)

Figure 2: 2D-Stacked Barcode Sample

1.2.3 2D Barcodes (Matrix Codes)

Figure 3: 2D Barcode Sample

1.2.4 Composite Codes

1.3 BARCODE GLOSSARY

Bar A bar is represented by the dark or black elements in a barcode.

2 IMPORTANT BARCODE PARAMETERS

2.1 BARCODE SYMBOLOGY

2.2 MODULE WIDTH

Figure 5: Module Width

2.2.2 Optimize the Module Width

► 200 dpi: 2 modules á one pixel (0.127 mm) = 0.254 mm

Figure 6: Raster Optimization

2.2.3 Module Width and Reading Distance

2.3 BAR WIDTH REDUCTION (PIXEL SHAVING)

2.4 QUIET ZONE

Figure 7: Quiet Zone

2.5 PRINT RATIO AND RATIO FORMAT

Figure 8: Print Ratio

2.6.1 Format Examples

2.7 ESCAPE SEQUENCES (ENCODING BINARY DATA)

Escape Description Valid for Barcode Symbology

\EB, \EE Special ECI identifiers for nesting QR-Code

2.8 CHECK DIGITS

Check digit Enumerati Check digit calculation methods

3 APPLICATION IDENTIFIERS (AI)

► Use FNC1 only with variable length data fields

3.2.1 Batch Number

3.2.2 Multiple AIs within one Barcode

3.2.3 GS1-128 with embedded Check Digit

3.3 GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED / GS1 DATABAR EXPANDED STACKED

3.3.1 AIs with a Fixed Length

Combinations Description Max. Weight

3.3.1.2 AI(01), Weight and Date

Combinations Description Addition

3.3.2 AIs with Variable Lengths

3.4 GS1 COMPOSITE SYMBOLOGY

3.4.1 Compressed Sequences of AIs

4.1 LINEAR SYMBOLOGIES (1D CODES)

4.1.2 Codabar (Rationalized Version)

4.1.4 Code 128

4.1.5 Code 128 Subset A

4.1.6 Code 128 Subset B

4.1.7 Code 128 Subset C

4.1.8 Code 2 of 5 Standard (Code 2 of 5 Matrix)

4.1.9 Code 2 of 5 Data Logic

This symbology is proprietary variant of Code 2 of 5 Standard.

4.1.10 Code 2 of 5 IATA