1

Unit7Topic 5

Lightdispersion
1._Jun 2016Paper2Variant1
21 Which row shows the natures of light waves, sound waves and X-rays?

light waves sound waves X-rays

longitudinal longitudinal transverse

longitudinal transverse longitudinal
transverse longitudinal transverse
D

transverse transverse longitudinal

D
https://youtu.be/HOY5NNQ-n3Y

Jun 2016 Paper 2 Variant 2

24 Visible light has a frequency of approximately 5.0 x 10"Hz.

M and N are two other types of electromagnetic radiation.

The frequency of M is 5.0 x 10°HZ.

The frequency of N is 5.0 x 10'5Hz.

Which types of radiation are M and N?

M N

radio waves infra-red

radio waves ultraviolet
C ultraviolet X-rays
D X-rays infra-red
https://youtu.be/T9WzW1sAf3M

3. Nov2016Paper2Variant1
24 Radiation from which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used in the remote controller for a
television?

A) infra-redwaves
B microwaves
C radio waves

D ultraviolet waves
https://youtu.be/8GODWAL1E98

QUESTION PAPER U7 CÁS Light Dispersion

 2

4._Nov 2016 Paper2 Variant 2

24 Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used to send television signals from a satellite to
Earth?

Ainfra-red
Bmicrowaves
C ultraviolet
D visible light
https://youtu.be/NŁAPY960X98
5.Nov 2016Paper 2 Variant 3
23 Which description applies to infra-red radiation?

A longitudinal and electromagnetic

B longitudinalbutnotelectromagnetic
C transverse and electromagnetic

D transverse but not electromagnetic

https://youtu.be/vXjcU-ocCT8
6.June 2017Paper2Variant1
21 Which diagram shows what happens when a ray of white ight passes through a prism?

A B

white spectrum
white
light light
spectrum

C D

A
spectrum

white white
light light spectrum

https://youtu.be/UJUCauw7eHU

QUESTION PAPER U7 CS Liglht Dispersion

 3

1.Nov 2017Paper2 Variant1

22 A laser is a source of light with a single frequency.

Which description of this type of light is correct?

A dispersed

B focused

(cmonochromatic
D refracted
https:/youtu.be/KHZ3Efh DndM

8. Nov 2017 Paper 2 Variant1

23 Visible light, X-rays and microwaves are all components of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Which statement about the waves is correct?

A In a vacuum, microwaves travel faster than visible light and have a shorter wavelength.
B In a vacuum, microwaves travel at the same speed as visible light and have a shorter
wavelength.
In a vacuum, X-rays travel faster than visible light and have a shorter wavelength.

In a vacuum, X-rays travel at the same speed as visible light and have a shorter wavelength.

https:/youtu.be/3H7DBchjDxM

9.Nov 2017Paper2 Variant 2

23 Which piece of equipment is designed to produce a type of electromagnetic wave?

(A) electric re
B electric generator
electric motor

D electromagnet

https://youtu.be/t42Swik200

QUESTION PAPER V7 ChS Cight Dispersion

fi
 4

10. Nov2017Paper2 Variant 2

25 Different waves travel through air.

Which waves have the greatest difference in speed?

A ultrasound waves and sound waves

B ultrasound waves and utraviolet waves

C ultraviolet waves and light waves

D ultraviolet waves and radio waves

htps://youtu.be/Mw6jP DgpB-8

11.Nov 2017Paper4 Variant 3

25 Which statement about radio waves is correct?

A They are used in television remote controllers.

B They can be detected by the human eye.

C They travel as longitudinal waves.

6) They have the same speed in a vacuum as ultraviolet waves.

htps:lyoutu.be/kSmWFCIVg8U
12. .. March18Paper2 Variant 2
22 Which row shows an example of a transverse wave and an example of a longitudinal wave?

transverse longitudinal

A light radio

B radio Sound
C SOund water
D water light

https:/lyoutu. be/9_ZOMRÞPH5Q
13._March 18 Paper 2 Variant 2
26 Which statement describes monochromatic light?

light that does not diffract

B) light that has a single frequency

C light that spreads out when shone through a glass prism
D light that travels at the same speed in all materials

htps//youtu.be/c jgFKN3SXI

QUESTION PAPER U7 Chs Light Dispersion

 5

14. 2018 Jun P2 V1 023

23 The Sun emits infra-red radiation and light.

Light from the Sun reaches the Earth in 8 minutes.

Which row gives correct information about the infra-red radiation?

wavelength of time taken for infra-red

infra-red radiation radiation to reach Earth

longer than wavelength of light 8 minutes

B longer than wavelength of light much less than 8 minutes

C shorter than wavelength of light 8 minutes

D shorter than wavelength of light much more than 8 minutes

https:/lyoutu.be/tKovkp-82WA
15.2018 Iun P2V2 022
22 A scientist describes light as being monochromatic.

What does this tell you about the light?

It has a single frequency.

B It has more than one wavelength.

C It travels at a single speed in a single direction.

D It travels at different speeds in different directions.

https:/lyoutu. be/ZV8m20nlVFY
16.2018 Jun P2 V2 023
23 Which statement is not correct?

(A The speed of long-wavelength infra-red radiation in a vacuum is greater than that of short-
wavelength ultraviolet light.

B The speed of microwaves in air is approximately 3.0 x 10° m/s.

C The speed of y-rays emitted from a sample of cobalt-60 is 3.0 x 10° km/s.

D The X-rays emitted in a supernova explosion reach the Earth at the same time as the visible
light emitted.
https:/lyoutu.be/4T1VQYIAMIQ

QUESTION PAPER U7ChS Ciht Dispersion

 6

11. 2018 Nov P2 V1 024

24 Different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used for different purposes. Below are four
statements about parts of the spectrum.

statement 1: Infra-red waves are used in television remote controllers.

statement 2: Radio waves are used to transmit television pictures from satelites to Earth.

statement 3: Ultraviolet waves are used for intruder alarms.

statement 4: X-rays are used for security checks.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 2 (B) 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

https://youtu.be/4S2XOMV90U
18.2019 Jun P2 V1 023
23 An eclipse of the Sun happens when the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun.

Which statement is correct?

A Infra-red radiation from the Sun disappears before visible light and ultra-violet radiation.
B Ultra-violet radiation from the Sun disappears before visible light and infra-red radiation.
C Visible light from the Sun disappears before ultra-violet radiation and infra-red radiation.

6 Infra-red radiation, ultra-violet radiation and visible light from the Sun all disappear at the
same moment.

https://youtu.be/p2QhxHvoEA8
19.2019 NoVP2 V1 024
24 The diagram shows the electromagnetic spectrum.

radio
Y-rays X-rays ultraviolet visible light infrared microwaves
waves

increasing

A word is missing from the label below the spectrum.

Which word is missing?

amplitude
B frequency
C speed

D/ wavelength

https:/youtu.be/tAcygEb2nDY
QUESTION PAPER U7CÁSLightDispersion
 7

20.2020 May P2V1 023

23 A narrow beam of white light passes through a prism and is dispersed into a spectrum.

white
light

Which row is corect?

colour 1 colour 2 colour 3

A blue yellow red

B red blue yellow

red yellow blue

yellow blue red

https:/vimeo.com/536269405

21. 2020 May P2 V1 Q24

24 An intruder alarm sensor detects that a person is warmer than his surroundings.

Which type of electromagnetic wave does the sensor detect?

A) infrared

B radio

C ultraviolet

D visible light
https:/vimeo.com/536269742

QUESTION PAPER U7 ChS Light Dispersion

 8

22.2020 Nov P2 V1 024

24 The diagram shows white light passing through a prism.

-red
violet
white
light

Which description of what happens as the light passes into the prism is correct?

A The speed of the red light is less than the speed of the violet light and the red light is the
least refracted.

B The speed of the red light is greater than the speed of the violet light and the red light is the
least refracted.

C The speed of the violet light is less than the speed of the red light and the violet light is the
least refracted.
D The speed of the violet light is greater than the speed of the red light and the violet light is the
least refracted.

htps:/vimeo.com/536289636

QUESTION PAPER U7 ChS Cight Dispersion

 U7Ch5:LightDispersion
1..Jun 2016Paper4Variant1
(b) Drawa straight line from each wave on the left to the most appropriate speed.

90 m/s
(9 x 10)

6000 m/s
light in air (6 x 109)

100 000 m/s

(1 x 109)
microwaves in
a vacuum
1000000m/s
(1 x 109)

sound in steel
300000000 m/s
(3 x 109)

60000000000 m/s
(6x 1010)
[3]

https://youtu.be/QCsWtxpqf2A

2... Jun2016Paper4 Variant 1

(c) The refractive index of a block of glass is 1.5.

Use your value for the speed of light from (b) to calculate the speed of light in this block.
Speed inaw -3Xos
1-5 Speedin
n= speed in glas
3x/0
speedtng |5
D2 speed= ..2.0xlo
.. .... [2]

QuestionPaper U7 ChS: Lighit Despersion

 1

U7 Ch5: Light Dispersion

1. ..un 2016Paper 4 Variant 1
(b) Drawa straight line from each wave on the left to the most appropriate speed.

90 m/s
(9x 10)

6000 m/ s
light in air (6x 10)

100 000 m/s

(1 x 109)
microwaves in
a vacuum
1000000 m/s
(1x109)

sound in steel 300000000 m/s

(3 x 10)

60000000000 m /s
(6 x 1010)
(3]

*https://youtu.be/QCswxpqf2A

|2.....Jun 2016Paper4 Variant1

(c) The refractive index of a block of glass is 1.5.

Use your value for the speed of light from (b) to calculate the speed of light in this block.

Speed inaw =3.Xlo8

n= speed in glass 1.5 Speesin a

Spees tng= 1·3

speed = 2.0rle x *....... [2]

QuestionPaper U7 Ch5: Light Despersion

 2
https://youtu.be/QCsWxpqf2A

3..Nov 2016Paper4Variant2
A student draws a diagram to represent the electromagnetic spectrum.

Fig. 8.1 is the student's diagram.

visible light

gamma-rays X-rays ultiot infra-red microwavesegrvty

radiation

Rodve
qtra vide wevs

increasing
wavelength-

Fig. 8.1

The student has made two mistakes.

(a) On Fig. 8.1, cross out what is wrong and correct the diagram. (2]

https://youtu.be/JIYKAXSnlyQ

4.Nov 2016Paper4Variant3
7 Some of the components of the electromagnetic spectrum, in order of decreasing wavelength, are
shown.

radio waves microwaves visible light ultraviolet radiation gamma rays

(a) (0) State the speed at which all electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum.

30xlo [1]
(ü) State which of the components of the electromagnetic spectrum shown has the lowest
frequency.

Kac wves [1]

QuestionPaper U7 Ch5: Light Despersion

 3

(ii) TwO components of the electromagnetic spectrum are not listed above.

State the names of these components.

1 ntra reu
******s*****s**aess

(21

https://youtu.be/jyV4DVKMsko

5...Nov 2016Paper4Variant 3
(b) One application of microwaves is in microwave ovens, which cook food very quickly.

Fig. 7.1 shows the inside of the glass door of a microwave oven, covered with a metal mesh.

metal mesh-

Fig. 7.1

The metal mesh prevents the microwaves from escaping by re ecting them back into the
oven.

() Suggest one reason why it is sensible to prevent microwaves from escaping.

Car laiS kereryypreent hele h

Naeavsn [1]

(i) State one further application of microwaves, other than in microwave ovens.

Mobile proneanuiahons [1)

https://youtu.be/b-E3W16h-uE

Question Paper U7 ChS: Light Despersion

fl
 6.Nov 207Paper4Variant1
(c) Fig. 72 shows the path of a ray of red light passing through a glass prism.

-prism
air

Fig. 7.2

A ray of green light enters the prism along the same path as the ray of red ight.

On Fig. 72, draw the path of the ray of green light as it passes through the prism and emerges
into the air. (2]

[Total: 7]
https://youtu.be/IF2-S_yT20g

QuestionPaper U7 Chs: Light Dispersion

 5

1._Nov 2017Paper4Variant3
(b) Fig. 7.3 shows yellow light passing througha glass prism.

Fig. 7.3

Blue light enters the prism along the same path as the yellow light.

On Fig. 7.3, draw the path of the blue light as it enters, passes through and leaves the prism.
(2)

[Total: 7]

https://youtu.be/LOrclL21UW41

8. March 2018 P4
6 (a) Fig. 6.1 represents the electromagnetic spectrum.

visible light

radio waves microwaves A B C D

Fig. 6.1

State the radiation in each of the regions represernted by A, B, C and D in Fig. 6.1.

A infrared.
B .. ultruiolet
O Oc X.Ky. .....
DE D
[2]
https://youtu.be/Wnx9 HsmTpsA

9. March2018P4

QuestionPaper U7 Ch5: Light Dispersion

 6

(b) A sOurce emits visible light.

Fig. 6.2 shows a ray of red light from the source incident on the face XY of a glass prism at
point S.

normal
-.

Ros
ray of
red light o.. Blue

Slue

Fig. 6.2

The angle of incidence iof the ray is 35. The refractive index of the glass for red light is 1.5.

() Calculate the angle of refraction in the glass at S.

A Sin Sin
n Sia35 -o38

angle of refraction = 22° [2]

(ii) On Fig. 6.2, draw the refracted ray at face XY and the ray emerging from face XZ of the
prism. Label this ray R. (21

https://youtu.be/QJApju9kyWY

Duactinn Ponar DicnatMOH

 6

(b) A source emits visible light.

Fig. 6.2 shows a ray of red light from the source incident on the face XY of a glass prism at
point S.

normal

Ro
ray of
red light
-cas, Blue Rd

Blue

Fig. 6.2

The angle of incidence iof the ray is 35°. The refractive index of the glass for red light is 1.5.

(0) Calculate the angle of refraction in the glass at S.

Sia3s -o38

angle of refraction = 22° ******** 2

(i) On Fig. 6.2, draw the retracted ray at face XY and the ray emerging from face XZ of the
prism. Label this ray R. [2
https://youtu.be/QlApju9kyWY

LQuestionPaper U7 Chs: Light Dispersion

 6
(b) A sOurce emits visible light.

Fig. 6.2 shows a ray of red light from the source incident on the face XY of a glass prism at
point S

.noral

Ro
ray of
redlight *-a Blue Rod
Blue

Fig. 6.2

The angle of incidence iof the ray is 35°. The refractive index of the glass for red light is 1.5.
(i)
Calculate the angle of refraction in the glass at S.

Sin? - Sia35
I.S

angleofrefraction =..........
[2]
On Fig. 6.2, draw the refracted ray at face XY and the ray emerging from face XZ of the
prism. Label this ray R.
alyoutu.be/QIApju9kyWY (21

FonPaper
U7 Ch5: Light Dispersion
 7

10. March 2018P4

(ii) A ray of blue light follows the same path as the ray of red light incident on the face XY.

On Fig. 6.2, draw the path of this ray in the prisn and emerging tron the prism.

DLabel this ray B. [21

D
[Total: 8]

https://youtu.be/x2gu_KXAJ _8

11. 2018MayPAV2 q06 hcd

(b) Calculate the wavelength in a vacuum of X-rays of frequency 1.3 x 101"Hz.

L3x(ol2 2 Slo9
wavelength
= ........ 2.3xlo3 -[3]

(c) A dentist takes an X-ray photograph of a patient's teeth. Explain why it is safe for the patient
to be close to the source of X-rays, but the dentist must stand away from the source.

s*.*.... [2]
(d) State, with a reason, why microwave ovens are designed only to work with the door closed.

Aicsaavespassthroghopeadesf.cnahkis.
woud be hasmfd.ko hunanbocy
.[2]

[Total: 9]
htps:/lyoutu. be/09mCj8vQEOI

QuestiorPaper U7 Chs: Light Dispersion

 8

12. 2019 NovP2V1Q08h

8 Fig. 8.1 shows a ray of red light incident on one side of a glass prism in air.

glass prism

red light

Fig. 8.1

For red light, the refractive index of glass is ng:

(b) For violet light, the refractive index ny of glass is slightly larger than nạ-

() A ray of violet light is incident on the prism along the same path as the ray of red light.

On Fig. 8.1, sketcha line to indicate the path of the violet light in the prism and when it
emerges into the air. Label this path V. [1]

(ii) When a ray of white light is incident on the prism, dispersion produces a continuous
spectrum of coloured light.

State how the speed of light in gass depends on its frequency. Explain how this is shown
by the dispersion of white light in the prism.

statement
TheSmallestfrequacy has the hiahest spea
explanation
Aeeis.the. lowcs..ErequaCy..least.one ho
Doe.affatea.by cc.fracven.Sorthos.hghecspeed
than iolet (3)

[Total: 8]

https://youtu.be/okY8KnOp9c0

Duestion Paper U7 Chs: Light Dispersion

 1

Unit7 Tople6

Lenses
1. .Specimen 2016 Paper 2
26 An object O is placed close to a thin converging lens.

The diagram represents three rays from the top of O passing through the lens.

V
Which type of image is produced by the lens when the object O is in this position?

A real and diminished

B real and enlarged

virtual and diminished

D virtualandenlarged
https://youtu.be/MxhMN5dF8qY

QUESTION PAPER U7 Ch6CLenses

2. March 2016 Paper 2
23 Which diagram shows how a converging lens is used as a magnifying glass?

image
A
object

lens

image

object
lens

image
C

object
lens

object

image
lens
https://youtu.be/SRlq9emh_uA

QUESTION PAPER U7 Ch6 Lenses

 3

3.Jun 2016Paper2 Variant1

23 The diagram shows a converging lens foming an image of an object

image object

Which statement about the image is correct?

A It is real and can be seen by an eye at X.

B It is real and can be seen by an eye at Y.

C It is virtual and can be seen by an eye at X.

O Itis virtual and can be seen by an eye at Y.

https://youtu.be/3GBzsr1jU Pw

QUESTION PAPER U7 Ch6 Lenses

 4

4._March 2017Paper 2
22 The points labeled F are the principal foci of a lens. A beam of paralel ight is incident on the
lens.

Which diagram shows the path of the light after it passes through the lens?

C
F

https://youtu.be/Wtulyxirn E4

5. June2017 Paper 2 Variant 1

20 A converging lens is used as a magnifying glass to view an object.

Which statement is correct?

A The image is inverted.

B The image is nearer the lens than the object.

C The image is the same size.

The image is virtual.

https://youtu.be/dv602yYaZqo

QUESTION PAPER UZ Ch6 Lenses

 5

6.June 2017Paper2 Variant 2

20 The Incomplete ray diagram shows two rays of light that have passed from one point on an object
through a thin converging lens.

left lens ight

object

rays of
light

Which type of image is formed, and on which side of the lens is it formed?

type of image which side of lens

A real on the left

real on the right
virtual on the left
D virtual on the right
https://youtu.be/<SCnLzbKBtQ
1.June 2017Paper2 Variant 3
20 A converging lens is used to make an image on a screen.

Screen
Converging
lens

-image
formed
candle here

What type of image is formed on the screen?

A) real and inverted

B real and upright

C virtual and inverted

D virtual and upright

https://youtu.be/58eyk36mti8

QUESTION PAPER U7 Ch6Lenses

 6

8._ Nov2017Paper 2 Variant 2

21 The diagram shows an object O in front of a thin converging lens of focal lengtht.

At which point will the lens form a sharp image of the object?

f f

https:/lyoutu.be/FafvFRlydT1c

9.2018 Jun P2 V3 Q22

22 Images formed by lenses and mirrors can either be described as real or as virtual.

Which row describes real and virtual images of a point object?

real images
virtual images
A formed where light rays
meet an image in a plane mirror is an
B example of a virtual image
formed where light rays
meet can be projected onto a screen
C
formed from where light rays
appear to diverge an image in a plane mirror is an
D example of a virtual image
formed from where light rays
appear to diverge can be projected onto a screen

https://youtu.be/SHTJTCt6tbU

asles Jas JsClassi ed

J

QUESTION PAPER

V7 Ch6Lenses
fi
 7

10.2019 Jun P2 V1 022

22 A small object O is placed near a converging lens, as shown. The lens forrns an image I.

Which statement is correct?

A The image I is diminished.

B The image I is inverted.

C The image I is real.

The object O is closer to the lens than its principal focus.

https//youtu,be/-7GJRIRZD0
11. 2019 Nov P2 V1 023

23 A converging lens produces an image of an objectO. The focal length of the lens is f.

Which position of the object produces a virtual image?

f f
2f 2f

C D

2f 2f

https://youtu.be/HLKYIH9733A

QUESTION PAPER U7 Chố Lenses

12. 2020 Nov P2V1 023
23 Which statement about a thin converging lens is correct?

A All rays of light refracted by the lens pass through the principal focus.
All rays initially parallel to the principal axis of the lens are refracted through the principal
focus.
C The focal length of the lens is the distance between the image and the principal focus.
D The focal length of the lens is the distance between the object and the image.

https/vimeo.com/536289151

UESTION PAPER U7 Ch6Lenses

 1

U7 Ch6: Lenses
|1... une2015Paper3Variant1
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 represents an object O placed in front of a converging lens.

of
A
P R

Fig. 7.1

) State a full description of the image I.

.Jirhasl.mprght.,.snlagad. ..... [2]

(i) Using the letters on Fig. 7.1, identify the focal length of the lens.

Rs. ...[1]
(ii) On Fig.7.1, draw an eye suitably placed to view the image I. [1]

QuestionPaper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 2
(b) Fig.7.2 shows an object O placed to the left of a converging lens. A principal focus of the lens
is at the position marked F.

Fig. 7.2

() On Fig. 7.2, draw two rays to locate the image of object O. Draw the image.

) On Fig. 7.2, draw one other ray from the upper tip of O to the image.
[4]

https://youtu.be/rNyCitodJ4Y

2. .June 2015Paper3 Variant 3

6 A glass, converging lens is used as a magnifying glass to observe a red ant.

(a) Fig. 6.1 shows the lens, the principal axis, and the two principal focuses F, and F

F, F2

principal axis
A E
lens

Fig. 6.1

() 1. On Fig. 6.1, mark a point on the principal axis, labelled A, to indicate a suitable
position for the ant.

2. On Fig. 6.1, mark a point on the principal axis, labelled E, to indicate a suitable
position for the observer's eye.
[11

QuestionPaper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 3

(i) Tick one of the boxes to indicate where, on the principal axis, the image of the ant is
located.

to the left of F,

between F, and the lens

within the lens

between the lens and F,

to the right of F2
[1]

(ii) Underline two words in the ist that describe the image produced by the magnifying
glass.

dimigshed infod upright virtual

[2]

Di https://youtu.be/e7LXj_
MT3r4

3... Nov2015Paper3Variant1
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a convex lens being used to produce an image of an object.

principal
focus
image object

Fig. 7.1
E

QuestionPaper U7 Chó: Lenses

 4
(0) Place three ticks in the table that descritbe this image.

can only be formed on a screen

diminished X
enlarged
inverted

real

same size
upright
virtual
[3]

(ü) On Fig. 7.1, marka letter E to indicate a possible position for an eye to be placed to
observe this image. [1)

D:ED (ii) State an application in which a convex lens is used in this way.

D micONepe. ..... [1]

https://youtu.be/KZX46LLJM7E

4... Nov2015Paper3 Variant1

(b) In the space below, draw a ray diagram to locate the image of an object of height 1.0 cm
placed 5.0 cm from a convex lens of focal length 2.0crm. Draw your diagram full size. You are
advised to locate the lens roughly in the centre of the space. Label the image.
lens

(3]
 5

5. Nov2015Paper4Variant2
8 (a) Fig. 8.1 is a ray diagram of a convex lens being used as a magnifying glass to produce a
virtual image.

Fig. 8.1

On Fig. 8.1,

() label the object o,

(ii) label the image I,

(ii) label a principal focus F,

v) put arrows on the two rays to indicate their directions.

https://youtu.be/qnXxT5d3stY
[4]

QuestionPaper U7 Chố: Lenses

 6
6.March 2017Paper4
7 Fig. 7.1 shows an object and its image formed by a converging lens. One ray from the tip of the
object to the tip of the image is shown.

Fig. 7.1 is drawn full size.

-lens

object

image

Fig. 7.1

(a) Place a tick () in all boxes that correctlydescribe the image.

Vdiminished

X enlarged

inverted
f
X upright

real

X virtual
(21

(b) On Fig. 7.1, drawa ray, passing through a principal focus of the lens, from the tip of the object
to the tip of the image. Label the principal focus F. [1]
(c) Use the ray you have drawn in (b) to determine the focal length of the lens.

focal length = 3.1 .[1]

(d) Draw another ray, not passing through a principal focus of the lens, that passes from the tip
of the object to the tip of the image. [1]

OKO
https://youtu.be/i09ztvBbUjw

QuestionPaper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 7
1. Nov2017Paper 4 Variant 1
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a converging lens and its principal axis. The points labelled F are each a
principal focus of the lens.

Fig. 7.1

On Fig. 7.1, draw two rays from the top of the object 0, to locate the image of O.
Label the image I. [3]

(b) Underline three of the terms below to describe the nature of the image produced by a
converging lens used as a magnifying glass.

diminished (enlarged inverted real same size (upright) (virtual

[2]

https://youtu.be/UASB63 DlcmE

DuestionPaper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 8. Nov 2017Paper4 Variant 2
7 (a) Fig.7.1 is a diagram of a converging lens used to produce an image of an object. Each point
marked Fis a principal focus.

object

image

Fig. 7.1

Write down three terms that describe the image produced.

.Re.,
upsze.doun,magned.
.[3]
https://youtu.be/LpM7KEVInnQ

Question Paper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 9

9. Nov 2017Paper4Varlant3
7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a converging lens and its principal axis. The points F, and F, are each a
principal focus of the lens.

principal axis

Fig. 7.1

An object O is placed between F, and the lens.

() On Fig. 7.1, draw two rays from the top of the objectO to locate the image.
Label the image I. (3]

(ii) The object O is moved to the left along the principal axis so that it is further trom the lens
thanF
Fig. 7.2 is a diagram of the new arrangement with the new image shown.

principal axis

image

Fig. 7.2

Underline three of the terms below that describe the image shown in Fig. 7.2. [2)

diminished (enlarged inverted (real same size upright virtual

https://youtu.be/p922YwRkC4Y

Question Paper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 10

10. 2018 May P4VI q05 b

(b) Fig. 5.1, drawn to full scale, shows a thin converging lens of focal length 3.5 cm.

3.

lens
1.0cm
1.0cm
Fig. 5.1

() On Fig. 5.1, mark each of the two principal focuses and label each with the letter F. [1]

(ii) An object O of height 4.4 cm is placed a distance of 7.5 cm from the lens.

On Fig. 5.1, draw rays from the tip of the object O to locate the image. Draw and label
the image. (3]

(ii) Determine the height of the image.

height of the image = S...C.a.....1)

(iv) State and explain whether the image is real or virtual.

BHRe,.becanse.Ligtrags.khem. Salucs.aset
..[1]
[Total: 8]
https://youtu.be/DUhZgF1sr9E

QuestionPaper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 11
11. 2018MayP4V2q07 b
(b) Fig. 7.2 shows the two principal focuses F, and F, of a thin converging lens.

SlensE
1.0cm
1.0cm

Fig. 7.2

Fig. 7.2 also shows an object O of height 1.2 cm placed close to the lens. Two rays from the
tip of the object O are incident on the lens.

(i) On Fig. 7.2, continue the paths of these two rays for a further distance of at least 5cm.
[2]

(i) Using your answer to (b)\i), nd and mak on Fig. 7.2 the image I of object O and label
this image. [2]

(ii) Determine the height of image I.

height = 3 ****... ......1]

(iv) State and explain whether I is a real image ora virtual image.

wichal.scauSE.lhaht.tongs.d.nat.poss.
.....1]
[Total: 8]
https://youtu. be/yBvuYFDpRyk

QuestionPaper U7 Ch6: Lenses

fi
 12

12. 2018MayP4V3q08 a
8 (a) A thin converging lens is used to produce an image I of object O.

Fig. 8.1 shows O, I and the screen on which the image is produced.

Screen

principal akis

1.0cm.

.0cm

() On Fig. 8.1, draw a straight line to represent a ray from the tip of the arrowhead of O to
the tip of the arrowhead of I. Draw a vertical dotted line to indicate the position of the
lens. This dotted line must extend above and below the principal axis. [2]

(ii) Draw a second ray from the tip of the object O to the tip of image I. This ray should pass
through a principle focus. Label the principle focus, F. [1]

(ii) Determine the focal length of the lens.

focal length = 2.5cm .....(1]

(iv) Image I is further from the lens than object O is from the lens. Image I is described as
enlarged and inverted.

State and explain one other characteristic of I.

Readbecase. light.roay asskone 4

.eimage ....1]
https://youtu.be/Tz6alvsv0 1o

Question Paper U7 Ch6: Lenses

 13

13. 2018 May PAV3 q08 b

(b) Fig. 8.2 shows a spherical shbowl, full of water, by a window. A black curtain hangs behind
the shbowl.

window black curtain

shbowl

bright
Sunlight

water

Fig. 8.2

When full of water, the shbowl can act as a converging lens.

Suggest one possible hazard of leaving the shbowl next to the window in bright sunlight.

..hshbowl canPocus SunCaus.onlhecuskin So. ....*.

Ihmy.catch hre ...(1]

(Total: 6]

https://youtu.be/r9Wklh7u74

QuestionPaper UZ Ch6: Lenses

fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
 14

14. 2020MayPAVIQ05
5 The distance between the centre of a thin converging lens and each principal focus is 5.0 cm.

(a) Describe what is meant by the term principal focus for a thin converging lens.

..kpaiA.twkeae.iaskat patellel..sanys.
..Mee.aer.p5g..esmgh.Lens. serer

...... (2)

(b) The lens is used as a magnifying glass to produce an image I of an object O.

(i) Underline the terms that describe the nature of the image produced by a magnifying
glass. (2)

diminished enlarged inverted real same sizeCupright

) irtual)
(ii) Fig. 5.1 is a full-scale diagram of the lens and the image I.

tcentreof lens

1cm
1cm-

Fig. 5.1 (full-scale)

1. On Fig. 5.1, mark both principal focuses and label each of them F. [1]

2. By drawing on Fig. 5.1, nd the position of object O and add object O to the diagram.
(3]

(ii) Using Fig. 5.1, determine the distance of object O from the centre of the lens.

OA
distance = ........ [1]
https://vimeo.com/535207674

Question Paper U7 Ch6: Lenses

fi
 1

Unit2 Topic 1

Kinetic Tiheory
1._Specimen 2016Paper2
16 Very small pollen grins are suspended in a beaker of water. A bright light shines from the side.

Small, bright dots of light are seen through a microscope. The dots move in rapidly changing,
random directions.

Aeye
microscope

light

pollen grains
in water
What are the bright dots?

A pollen grains being hit by other pollen grains

(B) pollen grains being hit by water molecules

C water molecules being hit by other water molecules
D water molecules being hit by pollen grains
https://youtu.be/drUZ5sklyok
2.. Specimen2016Paper2
17 A sealed gas cylinder is left outside on a hot, sunny day.

What happens to the average speed of the gas molecules and to the pressure of the gas in the
cylinder as the temperature of the gas rises?

average speed of pressure of gas in

gas molecules cylinder

A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C increases decreases
increases increases
D
https://youtu.be/1yosPEY8pKY

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 2

3.. March2016Paper2
14 Gases can be compressed, but liquids cannot.

Which statement explains this difference?

A Each molecule in a gas is more compressible than each molecule in a liquid.

8) Molecules in a gas are further apart than molecules in a liquid.

C Molecules in a gas attract each other more strongly than molecules in a liquid.

D Molecules in a gas move more slowy than molecules in a liquid.

https://youtu.be/AzkVrCzYqzA
4. March2016Paper2
15 The diagram shows a quantity of gas trapped in a cylinder. The piston is pushed in slowly and the
gas is compressed. The temperature of the gas does not change.

gas -piston pushed in

piston

Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and the volume of the gas?
Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and the volume of the gas?

pressure pressure

0- 0-
volume volume

C D

pressure pressure

0 volume volume
https://youtu.be/oHnYcp8vrYA

QUESTION PAPER U2Ch1 R

 3

5..lun 2016Paper2 Variant1

12 A diver under water uses breathing apparatus at a depth where the pressure is 1.25 x 10° Pa.

A bubble of gas breathed out by the diver has a volume of 20 cm' when it is released. The bubble
moves upwards to the surface of the water.

At the surface of the water, the atmospheric pressure is 1.00 x 10°Pa.

The temperature of the water is the same at all depths.

What is the volume of this bubble when it reaches the surface?

A 15cm B 16cm C 20 cm (D) 25cm

https://youtu.be/3e6ASdel4yQ
6..Jun 2016 Paper 2 Variant 1
14 Which statement about evaporation is comect?

A) Evaporation causes the temperature of the remaining liquid to decrease.

B Evaporation does not occur from a cold liquid near its freezing point.

C Evaporation does not occur from a dense liquid, such as mercury.

D Evaporation occurs from all parts ofa liquid.

https://youtu.be/5Htv3Lfkv08
1.lun 2016Paper2 Variant 2
15 Smoke particles, illuminated by a bright light, are seen through a microscope. They move about
randomly.

What causes this motion?

attraction between the smoke particles and the molecules of the air

B collisionsbetweenthe smokeparticlesand the molecules of the air

C evaporation of the faster-moving smoke particles
D warming of the smoke particles by the lamp
https://youtu.be/v5m RD2yqlWk

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kine tic Theory

 4

8..Jun 2016Paper2 Variant2

16 A liquid is at a temperature below its boiling point.

The liquid is then heated so that it becomes a gas at a temperature above its boiling point.

Which row correctly compares the liquid with the gas?

average distance average speed

between the particles of the particles

A greater in the liquid greater in the liquid

B greater in the liquid smaller in the liquid
C smaller in the liquid greater in the liquid
smaller in the liquid smaller in the liquid

https://youtu.be/WZWISIB_PtU
9. Jun2016Paper2Variant2
17 A beaker of liquid is left on a laboratory bench. There is an electric fan in the laboratory causing a
draught over the liquid.

The liquid evaporates.

Which row shows two changes that will both cause the liquid to evaporate more quickly?

change to
change to
surface area
speed of fan
of the liquid

A decrease decrease
B decrease increase
C increase decrease
increase increase
https://youtu.be/17dTkzjpYIE
Jun 2016 Paper 2 Variant 3
14 What causes the random, zig-zag movement (Brownian motion) of smoke particles suspended in
air?

A) air moleculescolliding with smokeparticdes

B convection currents as the hot smoke rises
C smoke particles coliding with each other
D smoke particles reacing with oxygen molecules in the air
https://youtu.be/MKgHE42ewIY

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 5

11.Jun 2016 Paper 2 Variant 3

15 A sealed bottle of constant volume contains air.

The air in the bottle is heated by the Sun.

What is the effect on the average speed of the air molecules in the bottle, and the average
distance between them?

average distance
average speed between air
of air molecules
molecules

decreases decreases
B decreases stays the same
C increases increases
increases stays the same
https://youtu.be/80uf4ekqnAY
12.. Nov2016 Paper 2 Variant 1
13 Air is trapped in a cylinder by a piston. The original volume of the trapped air is V and the original
pressure of the trapped air is P. The piston is pushed to the left. The temperature of the gas does
not change.

before piston is pushed in after piston is pushed in

piston
cylinder 25 50 25 50

trapped air trapped air

What is the new volume and what is the new pressure of the trapped air?

new volume new pressure

P
A 2V
2
B 2V 2P

2P

https://youtu.be/2dWO7eFAccg

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 6

13.Nov 2016Paper2Variant1
14 When a liquid evaporates,, some of its molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of
the liquid changes.

Which row describes the escaping molecules and the change in temperature of the liquid?

temperature of
escaping molecules
the liquid

less energetic goes down

less energetic goes up
more energetic goes down
D

more energetic goes up

https://youtu.be/9WMK7rucX8I
14.Nov 2016 Paper2 Variant1
15 A gas at a constant temperature is in a container of xed volume. The gas exerts a pressure on
the walls of the container. The pressure is caused by the gas molecules striking the walls.

Which statement about the gas molecules when they strike the walls is corect?

A The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules changes.

B) The averagemomentum of the gas molecules changes.

C The average speed of the gas molecules changes.
D The chemical energy of the gas molecules changes.
https://youtu.be/EvPyNnz0sIA
15._ Nov2016 Paper 2 Variant 2
14 The diagram shows a gas that is trapped in a cylinder by a piston. The volume of the gas is
120 cm' and the pressure of the gas is P.

gas piston

The piston is moved slowły to the left so that the volume of the gas is reduced to 30 cm. The
temperature of the gas does not charnge.

What is the new pressure of the trapped gas?

A B C
P D) 4P
https://youtu.be/2717pejz60o

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

fi
 7

16.Nov 2016 Paper 2 Variant 2

16 A puddle of water is formed after a rain shower on a windy day.

Which statement explains the effect of the wind on the rate of evaporation of the water in the
puddle?

A The wind gives molecules in the water extra kinetic energy and so increases the rate of
evaporation.

B The wind removes evaporated water from near the surface and so decreases the rate of
evaporation.
(C) The wind renmoves evaporated water from near the surface and so increases the rate of
evaporation.
D The wind takes energy from molecules near the surface and so decreases the rate of
evaporation.
https://youtu.be/yof5 Njk4ARg
D 0

17._Nov 2016Paper2 Variant 3

14 Which diagram best represents the movement of a smoke particle displaying Brownian motion?

A B

smoke smoke
particle particle

smoke
particle

smoke
particle
https://youtu.be/YTJRIBrkJQo

QU
QUESTION PAPER V2 Ch1 Knetic Theory
 8

18. Nov2016 Paper 2 Variant 3

15 The volume of a gas is measured at different pressures.

The pressure p and the volume V of the gas are found to be related by the equation:

pV= constant.

Which quantities are kept constant and which quantities change?

density of gas mass of gas temperature of gas

A key
S= constant
x = changed

https://youtu.be/1F9213n3XTo
19.. March2017Paper2
13 Very small pollen grains are suspended in water. A bright light shines from the side.

When looked at through a microscope, small specks of light are seen to be moving in a random,
jerky manner.

Aeye

microscope

brightlight

pollen grains
in water
What are the moving specks of light?

A pollen grains being hit by other pollen grains

B) pollen grains being hit by water molecules

D
C water molecules being hit by other water molecules
D water molecules being hit by pollen grains
https://youtu.be/R38DhrxJ Fhc

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 9

20.. June2017Paper2 Variant1

14 Brownian motion is observed when using a microscope to look at smoke particles in air.

What causes the smoke particles to move at random?

A Smokeparticlesare hit by airmolecules.

B Smoke particles are moved by convection currents in the air.

C Smoke particles have different weights and fall at different speeds.

D Smoke particles hit the walls of the contaíner.
https://youtu.be/CROZRBBUW6M
21.June 2017Paper2 Variant1
15 Gas molecules striking a container wall cause a pressure to be exerted on the wall.

Which statement explains this?

A When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its energy.

B) When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its momentum.

C When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its speed.

D When a molecule rebounds there must be a change in its temperature.

https://youtu.be/mSvfS_vn6-Y

22. June 2017 Paper 2 Variant 2

15 A student blows air through a liquid using a straw. This causes the liquid to evaporate quickly and
therefore to cool.

Which statement explains why the remaining liquid cools?

A Slower-moving molecules are carried away by the air bubbles.

B The air molecules conduct heat from theliquid.

C The air sets up convection currents in the liquid.

D) The molecules with most energy leave the liquid.

https://youtu.be/HOIDR-ZCM8S
23. June2017Paper2Variant3
15 The diagrams show four open dishes. Each dish contains water at the same temperature.

The dishes are different shapes and a draught blows over two of them.

From which container does the water evaporate at the greatest rate?

B D

draught

draught

no draught no draught

https://youtu.be/VSvtShOhz_M
QUESTION PAPER V2 Ch1 Kine tic Theory
 ))
10

24.. Nov2017Paper2 Variant1

15 A pollen grain in a beaker of still water is viewed through a microscope.

Which diagram shows the most likely movement of the pollen grain?

(9) B C D

https://youtu.bevY2DydVaDj4

25.. Nov2017Paper 2 Variant 1

16 The diagram shows an air- lled rubber toy. A child sits on the toy and its volume decreases.

The temperature of the air in the toy does not change.

How does the air pressure in the toy change and why?

pressure reason

decreases air molecules move more slowly

B decreases air molecules strike the rubber less frequently
C increases air molecules move more quickly
(D) increases air molecules strike the rubber more frequently

https:/lyoutu.be/uauNxRAwI3c

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

fi
 11

26. March18Paper2 Variant 2

15 A cylinder with a tap contains a xed mass of gas X. The gas is contained by a piston which can
move freely towards or away from the tap.

atmosphere
gasX
tap closed
piston

cylinder

When the tap is opened, the piston moves slightly to the right, towards the tap.

atmosphere
gas X-
tap open

What can be deduced about the pressure of gas X?

before opening tap after opening tap

A less than atmospheric pressure more than atmospheric pressure
same as atmospheric pressure more than atmospheric pressure
C more than atmospheric pressure less than atmospheric pressure

more than atmospheric pressure same as atmospheric pressure

https://youtu.be/1 P9MG9H2H8
21._March 18 Paper 2 Variant 2

16 Liquid evaporates from a beaker.

What happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid and how does this temperature change
affect the rate of evaporation?

rate of
temperature
evaporation

decreases decreases
decreases increases
increases decreases
increases increases

https://youtu.be/qXUsUtEICy4

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kine tic Theory

fi
 12

28.2018 1unP2V1Q15
15 When molecules of a gas rebound from a wall of a container, the wall experiences a pressure.

What is the cause of this pressure?

A the change in energy of the molecules

B) the change in momentum of the molecules

C the change in power of the molecules

D the change in speed of the molecules

https://youtu.be/V3eUpCGGXaw
29.2018 Jun P2 V1 017
17 Which statements about boiling and about evaporation are both correct?

boiling evaporation

A takes place only at the surface takes place only at the surface
B takes place only at the surface takes place throughout the liquid
takes place throughout the liquid takes place only at the surface
D takes place throughout the liquid takes place throughout the liquid
D
https://youtu.be/skGIExNOajw

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 13

30.2018 NoV P2 V1014

14 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.

Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.

diagram 1 diagram 2

eye
A
random
movement
-microscope

air molecules
light and
smoke particles

Why do the smoke particles move randomly?

They are hit by air molecules.

B They are less dense than air.

C They are moved by convection currents.

D They gain energy from the light.
https://youtu.be/YrbE7U73N_k

sela

is e Jas, ii

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kne tic Theory

 14

31.2018 NovP2 V1015

15 The gas in a sealed container is compressed at constant temperature.

Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with its volume?

pressure pressure

volume volume

pressure pressure

0+
volume 0 volume

https:/lyoutu.be/hmPROibBONK
32.2019 Jun P2 V104
14 A stationary smoke particle is hit bya fast-moving nitrogen molecule.

Which row describes the motion of the smoke particle and of the nitrogen molecule after the
collision?

smoke particle nitrogen molecule

A moves rebounds
B moves stops
C remains stationary rebounds
D remains stationary stops

https/lyoutu.be/UmXdUDej9EA

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 15

33.2019 Nov P2 V1 015

15 Which statement about the evaporation of a liquid is correct?

A The least energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid
decreases.
B The least energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid
increases.

(C) The most energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid
decreases.
D The most energetic molecules escape from the surface and the temperature of the liquid
increases.

https:/lyoutu.be/tXikgrdi2j1
34.2019 Nov P2 V1 016
16 A bubble of gas is formed deep under water. The bubble has a volume of 40 cm and the
pressure inside the bubble is P.

The bubble rises up through the water. The volume of the bubble increases to 56 cm and the
pressure becomes 100KPa. The temperature of the gas does not change.

What is the initial pressure P?

A 71 Pa B 71kPa C 140 Pa (D 140KPa

https:/lyoutu.be/1ZryXcEOuwA
35.2019 Nov P2 V1 018
18 A liquid turns into a gas. This occurs only at one particular temperature, and the change happens
throughout the liquid.

What is this process called?

boiling
B condensation
C evaporation
D fusion

htps:/lyoutu.be/7IbNbG8LUVI

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 16

36. 2020 May P2 V1Q14

14 A gas is heated in a sealed container.

The volume of the container does not change.

What happens to the molecules of the gas?

A The average distance between molecules increases.

B Theaverage inetic energy of themoleculesincreases.

C The mass of each molecule increases.

D The volume of each molecule increases.

https:/vimeo.com/536265462

31.2020 MayP2 V1015

15 Water in a beaker evaporates when left on a bench for a period of time.

Which three factors all affect the rate of evaporation of the water?

A windspeed,surfacearea,temperature
B wind speed, temperature, volume

C wind speed, surface area, volume

D surface area, temperature, volume

https:/imeo.com/536265978

38.2020 Nov P2 V1 015

15 A student splashes water on to her face. Here are three statements about the effects.

P The water uses energy to evaporate.

The water gains energy from the student.
R The face of the student cools.

Which statements are correct?

A Pand Q only B P and R only C Q and R only P,Q andR

https:/vimeo.com/536284862

QUESTION PAPER U2 Ch1 Kinetic Theory

 1

U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

.Specimen 2016 Paper 4
5 Fig. 5.1 shows a gas contained in a cylinder enclosed by a piston.

piston pressure gauge

-cylinder
gas

100cm

Fig. 5.1

At rst, the length of cylinder containing the gas is 100 cm. The pressure of the gas, shown by the
pressure gauge, is 300KP.. The area of cross-section of the cylinder is 0.12m².

(a) (i) Describe the motion of the molecules of the gas.

.CaAdanaika.usqh.spced.ia.sa.sseasas.
[1]
se aesssus

(ii) Use the idea of momentum to explain how the molecules exert a force on the walls of the
cylinder.

„wbe.qÀ.naleeulesGllceuith.each.otle.
s4asaasaa

kosce.ckenye.ka.momensalahosethe
S sessseesssa sesssus esnssussss
[2]

https://youtu.be/W-daYG9YqdA

Question Paper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 2

2... Specimen
2016Paper4
(b) The piston is moved so that the new length of cylinder occupied by the gas is 40cm. The
temperature of the gas is unchanged.

(1) Calculate the new pressure of the gas.

3o0 K x Clbo 1er7) xC40xprt

Lz
30u K x luo 2
pressure = eee.e 26akea Ap... 2]
(ü) Explain, in terms of the behaviour of the molecules, why the pressure has changed.

..Mso.Lecud.ca h.wa e..asat.

eseeeesse
[2]

https://youtu.be/IM4JW92WR7U

3. March2016Paper4
5 (a) A student carries out an experiment to nd the relationship between the pressure p and the
volume V of a xed mass of gas. The table contains four of her sets of measurements.

p/kPa 250 500 750 1000

Vlcm3 30.0 15.2 9.8 7.6

(i) Use the data in the table to suggest the relationship between the pressure and the
volume in this experiment. Explain how you reach your conclusion.

... pressule..3.ersy.prpolwsa..l.
volweu
ee*. *.**.e

.......[2]

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
fi
 3

(ii) State the property of the gas, apart from the mass, that remains constant during the
DED experiment.

https://youtu.be/calsASi4e8g
leapte .1]

Jun 2016 Paper 4 Variant 1

(a) Explain, in terms of molecules, why it is possible to compress a gas, but not a liquid.

.aspse.a.es(EŚk.. mres

(2]

https://youtu.be/6RKS BmuD_TM

5. Jun 2016 Paper4 Variant 1

(b) Two containers made of insulating material contain the same volume of water at room
temperature. The containers do not have lids. The volume of liquid in each container gradually
decreases.

(i) After a certain time, the temperature of the water has decreased to below room
tenperature.

Explain, in terms of molecules, why the temperature has decreased.

hlgky enelghe
molecules.escope
cuag
CUeporehen

[21

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 (iü) One of the containers is wide and shallow. The other container is narrow and deep.

Predict which container has the greater rate of cooling. Explain your answer.

bryconteiheybecnse large SA.

(2]

https://youtu.be/RgUWg47Wnr0

6. Jun 2016 Paper 4 Variant 1

5 (a) State what happens to the molecules of a gas in a sealed container when the temperature of|
the gas is increased.

moledes.acsa..k.E. ame hobsrt

(b) A quantity of gas is contained in a sealed container of xed volume. The temperature of the
gas is increased.

State, in terms of molecules, two reasons why the pressure of the gas increases.

h s..mele.sq:weg
DK02. ...htwd..s.h. e. c.
D https://youtu.be/H6WHVXYYQY
[21

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 5

7. .Jun 2016Paper4Variant1

(c) A helium- lled weather balloon is held at ground level. The volume of the balloon is 4800 m".
The pressure of the helium is 98 kPa.

The balloon is released and rises to a height where the volume of the balloon is 7200 m.

(1) Calculate the new pressure of the helium. Assume that the temperature stays constant.

48 y4Soo = ? x72oo

pressure = ... 65 [2)

(i) Suggest why it may be necessary to release helium from the balloon as it rises even
higher.

O:..presse..otSrzhe..ke.basen.chees
S2e buSt
https://youtu.be/ZCLT1srinUo

8.. Jun2016Paper4Variant2
5 Two pans containing water are placed on the hotplates of an electric cooker, as shown in Fig. 5.1.

large pan
small pan

hotplates

Fig. 5.1

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 6

The hotplates are switched on and the temperature of the water in the pans starts to increase.

When the temperature of the water is below 100°C, some water is evaporating. At 100°C, the
water starts to boil and its temperature remains constant.

(a) State and explain which pan has the greater rate of evaporation of water when both pans of
water are at the same temperature.

....... [1]

9..Jun 2016Paper4 Variant 2

(b) Apat from the temperature at which it occurs, state how boiling differs from evaporation.

[1]

https://youtu.be/iyChNym Dny!

10. Jun 2016 Paper 4 Variant 3

3 A test-tube containing solid wax is heated by placing it in a beaker of very hot water for several
minutes. The solid wax becomes a liquid.

(a) State, in terms of molecules, how a solid differs from a liquid.

(21

https://youtu.be/ Dmpa3Kr2hb8

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 7

1. Jun2016Paper4Variant3
4 In an industrial process, a gas that is already at high pressure is trapped in a large cylinder by a
piston.

Fig. 4.1 shows the gas, the cylinder and the piston.

high-pressure gas

piston
cylinder

Fig. 4.1

The piston is pushed into the cylinder. As the pressure of the gas changes, its temperature remains
constant.

(a) Fig. 4.2 shows how the pressure of the trapped gas depends on its volume.

20

pressure/MPa

15

Go\ 10-

o.o4 5
2.S o.
0
0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
volume/m
Fig. 4.2

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 () Describe the relationship shown by the graph between the pressure of the gas and the
volume it occupies. Explain this relationship in terms of the molecules.

[3]

12. .Jun 2016 Paper4 Variant 3

(i) Determine the volume occupied by the gas when it is released into the atmosphere at
a pressure of 0.10 MPa. You will need to use data from Fig. 4.2.

luX OO 2= o.lo XU,

VEZ.O

volume= 2,0m [2]

13. Jun 2016Paper4 Variant 3

(b) An unused cylinder of the compressed gas is moved into a cold warehouse. The temperature
of the gas decreases.

State how the decrease in the temperature affects

(i) the motion of the gas molecules,

[1]

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 D 0(ii) the pressure of the gas in the cylinder.

(1]

https://youtu.be/pvpDcwI68al

14. . March2016Paper4
5 (a) () State two ways in which evaporation is different from boiling.

1..Ceporahn..ac,.. ...
2 ....cay2Anuy... Ss.ne.
(2]

D 0 (ii) Give one example of a change of state which does not involve boiling or evaporation.

melhsy ..[1]

https://youtu.be/b6Cgv9a6P40

15. „Nov 2016 Paper 4Variant 1

3 (a) A closed container holds a quantity of gas.

Explain, in terms of momentum, how molecules of the gas exert a force on a wall of the
container.

OK0O
-[2]

https://youtu.be/L6NhtljZoGU

Question Paper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 10
16. - Nov2016 Paper 4 Variant 1
(b) Fig. 3.1 shows a glass tube containing mercury.

mercury
air
--

Fig. 3.1

The mercury traps a xed mass of air in the left-hand arm of the tube. The right-hand arm of
the tube is open to the atmosphere. The difference in mercury levels in the two arms is h.

() The pressure of the atmosphere on the surface of the mercury in the right-hand arm of
the tube is 760 mm Hg. The distance h is 120mm.

Calculate the total pressure at level Q, in mm of mercury (mmHg), due to the atmosphere
and the mercury above Q.

76o +l2u=88
pressure = mm Hg [1]

(i) State the pressure exerted by the air in the left-hand arm of the tube.

pressure = .. mm Hg [1]

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 11
(iüi) Initially, the volume of air trapped in the left-hand arm of the tube is 12 cm.

More mercury is poured into the right-hand arm of the tube. The volume of the trapped
air decreases. The temperature does not change. The difference in levels, h, becomes
240 mm.

Calculate the new volume of the trapped air.

2Box 12 =LoooXVz
V= le, S6

volume= .[3]

https://youtu.be/HUrypFmxydc

|17. .Nov 2016Paper4 Variant 1

4 (a) In an experiment, cold water is poured into a bowl made of an insulating material. The container
is placed in a draught-free room. After several hours, the volume and the temperature of the
water are found to have decreased.

Name and describe the process that causes the decrease in the volume of the water, and
explain why the temperature of the water decreases.

...(4]

htps://youtu.be/glcxdtiqhk

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Iheory

 12
18. Nov 2016 Paper 4 Variant 1
(b) In a second experiment, using the same apparatus and the same initial amount of cold water
as in (a), an electric fan blows air over the top of the bowl.

Predict and explain how the results of this experiment compare with the results of the
experiment in (a).

sewAUbeoE..Caleet ......

-[2]

https://youtu.be/YLtYatbe_HU

19. Nov 2016Paper4 Variant 1

5 (a) Compare the arrangement and motion of the molecules in ice and in liquid water.

ice melecus .ceWel.SAeeg

water

i https://youtu.be/KcbD2fbJRh4
[2]

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 13

20. Nov 2016Paper4 Variant 2

3 Fig. 3.1 shows a mercury barometer correctly set up to measure the atmospheric pressure in
mm Hg (millimetres of mercury).

tube

-mercury

-dish

Flg. 3.1

(a) () State what is in the space labelled P.

(1)
(W) On Fig. 3.1, mark carefully the length which gives the atmospheric pressure. [1]

(i) The tube containing mercury is pushed further down into the dish.

State what happens, if anything, to the vertical distance between the mercury surface in
the tube and the mercury surtace in the dish.

shylkSone ...... [1]

https://youtu.be/YvulpeCVT5M

Question Paper U2 Ch1: Kjnetic Theory

 14
21. Nov 2016Paper4 Variant 2
(b) Another barometer is set up incorrectly. The space P contains some air which exerts a
pressure equivalent to 15mm Hg. The true atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg.

() Calculate the reading of atmospheric pressure given by the barometer.

6os -745
reading = ....... ZBo. mm Hg [1]

https://youtu.be/-LD9WE3 PAXO

22. .Nov 2016Paper4 Variant 2

(W) The tube is now pushed down into the dish so that the volume of the space P is reduced
from 12.0 cm3 to 4.0 cm3,

Calculate the new reading of atmospheric pressure given by the barometer.

2Go-45 5

reading = ....... .......mmHg [4]

https://youtu.be/ebbVrcKIFQQ

O O

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 Fig. 5.1

15

23. . Nov 2016 Paper 4 Variant 2

5 (a) State a comparison of

() the arrangement of the molecules in ice and in liquid water,

lce.Cag se.taa.SqleputlerA.
liquid water .9
[1)

(1) the movement of the molecules of ice and liquid water.

ice.... ulee.h.peG.
liquid
water ..M.9.eeeywo.aro A
[1]

https://youtu.be/s3fxeORGŁ9Q

24. .. June 201 Paper 4 Variant 1

5 Fig. 5.1 shows some gas trapped in a metal cylinder by a piston.

metal cylinder

piston

gas

Fig. 5.1

(a) The position of the piston is xed. The cylinder is moved from a cold room to a warm room.

Explain, in terms of molecules, what happens to the pressure of the gas in the cylinder.

(4]

QuestionPaqper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 16
(b) The piston is now released. It moves to the right and nally stops.

Explain these observations in terms of the pressure and the volume of the gas in the cylinder.

.[2]

https://youtu.be/6KEV-CIVI14

25. June201NPaper4Variant2
4 A balloon contains a xed mass of gas.
Explain, in terms of the momentum of molecules, how the gas in the balloon exerts a pressure.
(a)

...

https://youtu.be/as37LIUZBK4

.June 2017Paper 4 Variant 2

|26. Explain, in terms of molecules, why the pressure of the gas increases when the volume of the
(b) balloon decreases. The temperature of the gas is constant.

.(2]

https://youtu.be/OfZo57KebWo

U2 Ch1: KjneticTheory

QuestionPaper
fi
fi
 17
21. ..June 207Paper4Variant2
(c) The initial volume of the gas is 500cm and its pressure is 1.1 x 10° Pa. The volume is
reduced to 200 cm. The temperature of the gas is constant.

Calculate the new pressure.

CI.l lo JrSuo=lzx2

pressure =
2. 3 Kos ...[2]

https://youtu.be/1w6pjPTzmqs

28 June2017Paper4Variant3

A footballer and a referee are discussing a puddle of water that has formed on the pitch. The
5 footballer wears a white shirt whilst the referee wears a black shirt which, apart from its colour, is

identical.

Fig. 5.1 shows the two men looking at the puddle.

black shirt
white shirt

puddle

Fig. 5.1

U2 Ch1: KineticTheory

QuestionPaper
 18
The weather is bright and sunny.

(b) The volume of water in the puddle is slowly decreasing.

() Describe how two changes in the weather conditions could affect the rate at which the
puddle dries.

change 1 Stem.ACreose
effect puddle wi.ery.4,eber.
change 2

effect SsA.....
(2)

(ii) Explain, in terms of the water molecules, what happens as the puddle dries.

Malcedes.waay lest..kE..Gn.
oeals..caemeleculer
-[2]

https://youtu.be/8VB4AOEPRZU

29. June 2017Paper4 Variant 3

6 Fig. 6.1 shows a child releasing a balloon lled with helium.

Fig. 6.1

LQuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 19

The pressure of the helium in the balloon keeps the balloon in ated.

(a) Explain how the particles of helium produce this pressure.

.[3]

https://youtu.be/x0A6wiomYbw

30. .June 207Paper4 Variant 3

(b) As the balloon travels upwards through the atmosphere, the volume of the helium increases.
The temperature of the helium remains constant.

() State an equation that relates the volume of the helium to its pressure.

Vz. .. ..(1]

(ii) Fig. 6.2 shows how the air pressure in the atmosphere changes with the height above
ground level.

120-
pressure
KPa 100-

80-

60-

40-

20-

2000 4000 6000 8000

height/ m

Fig. 6.2

QuestionPaper V2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fl
 20

1. Using Fig. 6.2, determine the pressure at ground level. Give the unit.

pressure = ...... unit = ......

2. Using Fig. 6.2, determine the height at which the volume of the helium in the balloon
is twice the volume at ground level.
P, =rlo oaoo
= 5o o00
So InPA
height = 3 So -[2)
https://youtu.be/YI4gMh BwNrk

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 21
31.Nov 2017 Paper 4 Variant 1
4 Fig. 4.1 shows a balloon lled with helium that is used to lift measuring instruments to a great
height above the Earth's surface.

Fig. 4.1

(a) Explain, in terms of momentum, how the atoms of helium produce a force on the wall of the
balloon.

...

(b) At ground level, the pressure of the helium in the balloon is 1.0x 10 Pa. The volume occupied
by the helium is 9.6m3.

The balloon is released and it rises quickly through the atrmosphere. The volume occupied by
the helium increases, but the temperature of the helium may be assumed to stay constant.

(0) Explain, in terms of the helium atoms in the balloon, why the pressure in the balloon is
smaller than at ground level.

Less..eassdyaeGewe mec.
QG.ollS.A2oM.... At.ce
-[2]

(i) Calculate the pressure of the helium when it occupies a volume of 12m

(.ox lo5)-s Pz l2

pressure = ...... ..... 2]

[Total: 7]

https://youtu.be/icakuW-bgrg

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 22

32. Nov 2017 Paper 4 Variant 2

4 A beaker contains water at room temperature. Fig. 4.1 shows the beaker placed on a tripod above
a Bunsen burner.

Fig. 4.1

The Bunsen burner is lit and the temperature of the water begins to increase.

(a) The water is evaporating.

() Describe one difference between evaporation and boiling.

..Cpofestne.on Suckescolenlcs.
w es.Ćyl.e
.[2]

D
https://youtu.be/wCMMG2du7rc

33.. Nov2017Paper4 Variant 3

4 (a) The molecules of most liquids are, on average, slightly further apart than the molecules of a
solid.

State one other difference between the molecular structures of a solid and a liquid.

S
ph 9cense...re.melecse.
to bek yons he..Char9Y
htps://youtu.be/lOhj&rlib74
34... March2018P4

LQuestionPaper V2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 23
5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows the apparatus used to observe the motion of smoke particles that are in the air
in a box.

eye

microscope

air molecules
light -and
smoke particles

Fig. 5.1

Light froma lamp enters the box through a window in one side of the box. The smoke particles
are observed using a microscope xed above a window in the top of the box.

0) The motion of a single smoke particle is observed through the microscope.

In the circle shown, sketch the path of this smoke particle.

[1]

(i) Explain why the smoke particle folows the path that is observed.

. .. Smhe aleeS..cE.
l10.wwwe
y.m..eleede
F....**..

[3]

https://youtu.be/UfehGic2ZQ8
35..2018 MayP4 Vi g04 a

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 24
4 (a) Describe the movement of the molecules in

(i) a solid,

uibrde hlese.
..(1]

(ii) agas.

https://youtu.be/Kvs22uHPrio
..ghs.ea ...2]

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 25

36.2018 MayP4Viq04b
(b) A closed box contains gas molecules.

Explain, in terms of momentum, how the molecules exert a pressure on the walls of the box.

Melee.ade..couaew th.
wells cotne.

..[4]

[Total: 7]
https://lyoutu.be/vHazCU23p5Y

37. .2018 MayP4 V2q 04a bc

4 (a) Fig. 4.1 represents an atom.

Fig. 4.1

Representing atoms by circles approximately the same size as in Fig. 4.1, sketch

(i) on Fig. 4.2, the arrangement of atoms in a crystalline solid, [1]

(ii) on Fig. 4.3, the arrangement of atoms in a gas. (1)

B3388
solid gas

Fig. 4.2 Fig. 4.3

DuestionPaper VU2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 26
(b) () Describe the motion of the atoms in a solid.

uireIMe Leee.. ..[1]

(ii) Asculptor makes a statue from a block of crystalline rock using a cutting tool. Explain
why he must apply a large force to the tool to remove a small piece of rock.

Soe. eS.beweanat.uns
..[2]

(c) A helium- lled balloon in the room of a house suddenly bursts.

State and explain, in terms of atoms, what happens to the helium from the balloon after the
balloon has burst.

helis. srees. a.an.

.....[2]

Dhttps://youtu.be/SFte_OPBJHE
[Total: 7]

38.2018 MayPAV3 q03 b

3 On a particular day, the atmospheric pressure is 1.0 x 105 Pa. A bubble of gas forms at a point
5.0m below the surface of a lake. The density of water is 1000 kg/m.

(b) As the bubble rises to the surface, the mass of gas in the bubble stays constant. The
temperature of the water in the lake is the same throughout.

Explain why the bubble rises to the surface and why its volume increases as it rises.

.[3]

[Total: 7]

https://youtu.be/hpBTQqNDX3A

estionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 27
39..2018 May P4 V3 q04 a
4
A beaker contains some water at room temperature. A student places a mercury-in-glass
thermometer in the water with the bulb of the thermometer just beneath the surface of the water.
Fig. 4.1 shows the arrangement.

-thermometer

water

Fig. 4.1

The student uses an electric fan to blow air across the open top of the beaker. She notices that the
reading on the thermometer begins to decrease.

(a) Explain, in terms of water molecules, why the temperature of the water at the surtace begins
to decrease.

hyh energehe.
Melceules. ......

https://youtu.be/Wass56lBuZ0
**..... [3]

Puestion Paper

U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 28
40..2018 MayPAV3 q05 a
5 (a) A microscope that produces a very high magni cation is used to observe the Brownian motion
of smoke particles in air.

Fig. 5.1(a) shows the apparatus used with the microscope. Fig. 5.1(b) represents the view
through the microscope and shows one of the smoke particles being observed.

A smoke
particle.
microsCope

air molecules
light and
smoke particles

Fig. 5.1(a) Fig. 5.1(b)

() On Fig. 5.1(b), draw a possible path for the smoke particle. (2)

(ii) Describe how air molecules cause the smoke particle to follow the observed path.

Smeshepe el.at.aY.
d.ecsto e.
D
https://youtu.be/cumr2miqmtg
...

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

fi
 29
41. 2018 MayP4V3g05b
(b) Fig. 5.2 shows a volume of gas in a cylinder.

-piston
gas airrat
atmospheric
pressure

Fig. 5.2

The piston in the cylinder is free to move. The piston moves to the left when the temperature
of the gas is decreased.

Explain, in terms of the molecules of the gas, why this happens.

.(4]
https://youtu.be/qs/lTnVhljQ

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 30
42.2018 NovPAVI 06.
6 (a) State three factors that determine the rate of evaporation of water.

S E ey.
2.

3.
Ve.f.
.Drsngh. [3]
(b) A person climbs out of a swimming pool and stands in the open air.

Explainwhyevaporation
feel cold. of water from the surtace of the person's body causes the person to

hwghychergch Maleules..well..
escerpe...eneLeas.. Luw

..(2]
https://youtu.be/hiR30|bsrRO
[Total: 5]
Jo000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
43..2019 MayPAV104b
4

Gas of mass 0.23g is trapped in a cylinder by a piston. The gas is at atmospheric pressure which
is 1.0 x 10 Pa. Fig. 4.1 shows the piston held in position by a catch.

gas
cylinder

air at atmospheric
pressure

piston
heater
-catch

Fig. 4.1
Thevolumeof the trappedgas is 1.9 x 104m.

Anelectricalheateris used to increase the temperature of the trapped gas by 550C.

QuestionPaper

U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory

 31
(b) When the temperature of the gas has increased by 550°C, its pressure is 2.9 x 10 Pa. The
catch is then released allowing the piston to move. As the piston moves, the temperature of
the gas remains constant.

(0) State and explain what happens to the piston.

ecuse..4 .p.S
*.. [2]

(i) Deternine the volume of the gas when the piston stops moving.

Vz 2. r ro l. xl 4
volume- [2]

[Total: 9]

https://youtu.be/90FXYO4H7Q

Question Paper U2 Ch1: Kjnetic Theory

 32

44._2019 MayP4V1 05 a
5 Liquids and gases are two states of matter.

(a) In both boiling and evaporation, a liquid changes into a gas.

(0) State two ways in which boiling differs from evaporation.

1.

2. ...e.Upycn asuree
.*...*.****.**.e**.ss*..*..**.w*..*.o*...*..**nn**.n.

[2]

(ii) Before injecting a patient, a doctor wipes a small amount of a volatile liquid on to the
patient's skin.

Explain, in terms of molecules, how this procedure cools the patient's skin.

gh...See.4ehkmeleules. *.....*...

.cSca.e.

[4]

https://youtu.be/B5 KZ10-aroA
45..2019 Nov P2 V1 Q03 C
(c) The pellet melts when it strikes the target.

Describe how the molecular structure of the liquid metal differs from that of the solid metal.

os
[3]

(Total: 9)

https://youtu.be/4kueefUuPeo

LQuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Knetic Theory

 33
46.2020 May PA VI Q04 b ilI
(üü) Water from the container evaporates and the temperature of the remaining water
decreases slowły.

Explain, in terms of molecules, why evaporation causes the temperature of the remaining
water to decrease.

head..eheryeie..walscmes.

...*.. [3]
https://vimeo.com/535207415
47. 2020NovPA VI Q04ab
4 A large test-tube contains a liquid at room temperature. An electric heater is immersed in the liquid
and is switched on. Thermal energy is supplied to the liquid by the heater. The temperature of the
liquid increases until it reaches its boiling point. The liquid then starts to change into gas.

(a) Describe, in terms of molecules and their motion, how a liquid differs from a gas.

.leeules.GTRCsss.ka.senE.h.alke.
.mee..aA.eamlg.a.kec.y

... [3]

(b) Describe what happens to molecules of the liquid as its temperature begins to increase.

wwleuse.
e..ne.eeeeeeee .eeeee.
so..s.h. ....
.***.......

... [2]

https://vimeo.com/535223303

QuestionPaper U2 Ch1: Kinetic Theory