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B. TECH
SUBJECT CODE-CH46102
SEVENTH SEMESTER (REGULAR) EXAMINATION – 2021
Subject: Environmental and Energy Engineering
BRANCH (S): Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, ETC
Time : 3 Hours
Max marks : 100
Answer all Questions from Part – A and Part – B
The figures in the right hand margin indicate marks.

PART – A
Q1. Answer the following questions:
[2x15]
a) Distinguish between Gross calorific value and Net calorific value
b) Explain the necessity to remove suspended particulate matter from exit gases?
c) The GAP (Ganga Action Plan) – a project to clean up the polluted waters of the Ganga -
plans to intercept and divert municipal sewage falling into the river from 25 large urban
conglomerates in three states. Name them.
d) Calculate the mass volume concentration of carbon monoxide present in air with a
concentration 50 ppm.
e). Volume concentration of any air pollutant is described by a single expression. Mention the
names of the terms used for it.
f) sub-bituminous wood - lignite - peat –-– bituminous- anthracite As per the North American
terminology, correct the following coal series
g) How the antiknocking properties of gasoline could be improved?
h) Mention the preliminary steps for Environmental Impact Assessment of any project.
i) What are the major components of biogas?
j) What do you understand by geothermal energy?
k) Discuss the reason for energy conservation and management in any project.
l) EIA is defined as (select one):
i. A process of identifying, predicting, and evaluating the likely impacts of a proposed
project or development to define mitigation actions to reduce negative impacts and to
provide positive contributions to the natural environment and well-being
ii. A report written by government representatives on the planned development impacts
of environment, socio-economic is issues and culture
iii. Project life-cycle assessment
m) Name two resources of green energy.
n) Define smoke point and mention its significance.
o) Write the basic steps for any energy audit.
 PART-B
Q2. (Answer any two) [7x2]
a. Formulate a sample questionnaire checklist for terrestrial ecosystem under consideration
of EIA. Define “EIA auditing and monitoring process”..
b. Categorize the methodologies for Environmental Impact Assessment based on the way
impacts and explain the terminologies used for it.
c. Case study:
An important mining company has been operating for about 4 yrs in a coastal region. The
mining activity of this company is very intense. This company has effectively implemented
its EMP with great success, mitigating the environmental impacts caused by this activity. Up
to date the results of the environmental auditory show up that this company completely fulfil
all the legal requirements, laws and environmental standards established by the authorities.
Since 1 yr this company is part of a trial against the community, which argues that after the
company has started its mining activity in the zone, the quality of the water has been
significantly deteriorated and that this company is operating in a protected area. The
Company argues that it has relevant proofs in order to demonstrate that they have not
polluted the environment but the other industries located in the zone. The mining company
emphasizes that when they began the activities, the environment was already polluted
specially the water and that the quality standards of the water were not good at all.

I. What document the mining company must present in the trial in order to demonstrate
its argument that the environmental quality was already deteriorate before their
activities began in the zone. Why is this document so important?
II. Mention two environmental impacts this company might cause into the environment
and two ways to mitigate this impacts that should be included.

Q.3. ( Answer any two) [7x2]

a. A 100-ft run of 6-in. steam piping carries saturated steam at 95 psig. Tables
obtained from an insulation manufacturer indicate that the heat loss from this piping
run is presently 110,000 Btu/hr. With proper insulation, the manufacturer’s tables
indicate that this loss could be reduced to 500 Btu/hr. How many pounds per hour of
steam savings does this installation represent, and if the boiler is 80% efficient, what
would be the resulting fuel savings?
b. Describe in detail the step of “Facility Characterization” for any energy audit
project.
c. List out the important equipments required for Energy audit and conservation
system of any project.

Q.4. (Answer any two) [7x2]

a. What is “Chemical looping Combustion”? Mention with neat diagram the Chemical
Looping Combustion process. Share the advantages of Chemical looping combustion with
perspective of air pollution.
b. What is the significance of a Fuel Cell? Describe the idea and working principle of any
one: Solid oxide Fuel Cell or Microbial fuel Cell.

c. A home in Phoenix (Arizona) requires 62 kWh of heat on a winter day to maintain a

constant indoor temperature of 20 °C. (a) How much collector surface area does it need for an
all-solar heating system that has a 20% efficiency? (b) How large does the storage tank have
to be to provide this much energy?

Q.5. (Answer the following) [7x2]

a. Describe the principle of cyclone separator or electrostatic precipitator with neat sketch for
controlling the particulate matter emission in air.

b. A cyclone has an inlet width of 15 cm and the shortest length of 25 cm with diameter of
0.50 m, operates at five effective turns. The gas temperature is 345K and inlet velocity is
20m/s. Also, the average particle size is 10µm with particle density 1.2 g/cm 3.The viscosity
of air at 345K is 0.0745 kg/m-h. Determine the cut diameter.
Q.6. (Answer the following) [7x2]

a. What is “fractional distillation”? Explain its application in field of liquid fuel with neat
diagram.

b. Calculate the gross and net calorific values of a coal sample having the following
composition C = 80%; H = 7%;O = 3%; S = 3.5%; N = 2.5% and ash 4.4%

PART – A
Q1. Answer the following questions: [2x15]
a) What are the basic treatment processes for water to control water pollution.
b) Explain the necessity to remove suspended particulate matter from exit gases?
c) Discuss the major techniques to control sulphur compounds to enter into the atmosphere.
d) Mention the units of measurements for following parameters related to waste water:
1) TDS 2) Turbidity 3) BOD 4) pH
e). Mention the significance of “scoping” in Environmental Impact assessment.
f) Distinguish between Ultimate and proximate analysis of coal.
g) How the antiknocking properties of gasoline could be improved?
h) Mention Dulong formula for calculating HCV.
i) What are the major components of biogas?
j) What do you understand by geothermal energy?
k) Define smoke point and mention its significance.
l) EIA is defined as (select one):
iv. A process of identifying, predicting, and evaluating the likely impacts of a proposed
project or development to define mitigation actions to reduce negative impacts and to
provide positive contributions to the natural environment and well-being
 v. A report written by government representatives on the planned development impacts
of environment, socio-economic is issues and culture
vi. Project life-cycle assessment
m) Write the basic steps for any energy audit.
n). Name two resources of green energy
o) Discuss the reason for energy conservation and management in any project.
PART-B
Q2. (Answer any two) [7x2]
a. Determine the blowdown rates as a percentage of steam flow required to maintain boiler
drum water impurity concentrations at an average of 3000 ppm and of 6,000 ppm.
Operating Data.Average makeup water impurity (measurement) .350 ppm
Condensate return (percent of steam flow) ..........25%
Assume condensate return free from impurities

b. Mention in detail the “Energy Balance Sequence “for any energy audit of project.Describe
the process of preparing audit report and action plan for the same.

c. List out the general targeted equipments required for Energy audit and conservation system
of any project.
3. ( Answer any two) [7x2]

d. .Explain five basic steps ( Screening, Scoping, Consideration of alternatives,

Establishment of Environmental baseline, Impact identification) for Environmental Impact
Assessment.
e. Define “EIA auditing and monitoring process”. Formulate a sample questionnaire
checklist for terrestrial ecosystem under consideration of EIA.
f. Case study:
A car washing and lubricating company has been operating for several years (more than 10
yr) in a terrain with the following characteristics: porous, filterable with a freatic level near to
the surface (1.5 m depth). The company is located close by to an estuary branch which is
quite useful for them since they discharge all the disposals and waste generated by this
activity directly into the estuary. These disposals contains a high level of oils and greases. All
the dumping from the car maintenance goes directly into the soil since there are not palettes
or gutters. The lubricating company operates for 20hrs for seven days per week. The
Municipality since the local people has complained has arranged the execution of an EIA and
you are part of it
a. What type of environmental evaluation has to be performed by the Municipality according
to this case

b. What type of professionals will be part of the consultancy group performing the EIA.

c. Mention three environmental impacts of this activity

Q.4. (Answer any two) [7x2]

a. Explain the mechanism of producing electricity from solar energy by indirect method.
(with neat diagram)

b. What is the significance of a Fuel Cell? Describe the idea and working principle of any
one: Solid oxide Fuel Cell or Microbial fuel Cell.

c. How much collector area would a 1000-MW(e) solar farm require if the individual
efficiencies of the collector system, turbine and generator are 30, 25 and 90%, respectively??

Q.5. (Answer the following) [7x2]

a. Describe the principle of solvent extraction or adsorption as advanced water treatment process.

b. A fabric filter has 2000 m of filter area and treats 15 m3/s of air carrying a dust of
2

concentration 0.015 kg/m3.Assume K1=25 kPa-s/m and K2= 10-5 s-1.If filter must be cleaned
when pressure drop reaches 3.0 kPa, after what period must cleaning occur?
Q.6. (Answer the following) [7x2]

a. What is “fractional distillation”? Explain its application in field of liquid fuel with neat
diagram.

b. Calculate the gross and net calorific values of a coal sample having the following
composition C = 80%; H = 7%;O = 3%; S = 3.5%; N = 2.5% and ash 4.4%
.