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Computer

Computers are tools that process data based on programmed procedures. Originally, the term "computer" referred to people who performed calculations, but it now refers to machines. Modern computers can emulate any computing function through programming, and are distinguished from earlier calculating tools by their versatility. The first digital computers were large and expensive, used mainly for scientific calculations. Later, smaller and cheaper microprocessors allowed computers to be used for more tasks by individuals, businesses, and in other electronic devices. Now, most electrical and transportation devices incorporate computer control and processing.

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14 views

Computer

Computers are tools that process data based on programmed procedures. Originally, the term "computer" referred to people who performed calculations, but it now refers to machines. Modern computers can emulate any computing function through programming, and are distinguished from earlier calculating tools by their versatility. The first digital computers were large and expensive, used mainly for scientific calculations. Later, smaller and cheaper microprocessors allowed computers to be used for more tasks by individuals, businesses, and in other electronic devices. Now, most electrical and transportation devices incorporate computer control and processing.

Uploaded by

Arbin Sany
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER

Computers are tools which use to process the data based to procedures that
have been formulated. Computer word originally used to describe people who perform
arithmetic calculations, with or without assistive devices, but the meaning of this word is
then transferred to the machine itself. Origins, processing information almost exclusively
related to arithmetical problems, but modern computers are used for many tasks
unrelated to mathematics.

In the meaning like that there are tools such as slide rules, mechanical
calculators types start from abacus and following, until all electronic computers
contemporary. The term better suited to a broad sense such as "computer" is "that
process information" or" information processing systems." Over the years there have
been several different meanings in the word "computer", and several different words are
now called a computer.

Even thought like that , the above definition includes many special tools that can
only take one or several functions. When considering modern computers, their most
important characteristics that distinguish them from the earlier count tool is that, with
proper programming, all computers can emulate any nature (although perhaps limited
by storage capacity and different speed), and, indeed believed that the machine can
now mimic the computing tools that we create in the future (although undoubtedly
slower). In a sense, the limits of this ability is a useful test because the computer
recognize the "general intent" of the special purpose tool is earlier. The definition of
"public purpose" can be formulated into a condition that a machine should be able to
emulate a universal Turing machine. The machine that got this definition is known as a
Turing-complete, and that they first appeared in 1940 in the middle of development
throughout the world. See the article on the history of computing for more details of this
period.

Word computer once commonly used to define people who do arithmetic


calculations, with or without auxiliary engine. According to the Barnhart Concise
Dictionary of Etymology, the word is used in English in 1646 as the word for "people
who count" and then before 1897 are also used as a "mechanical calculators. "During
World War II, the word refers to the workers of the United States and British women
whose job was to calculate artillery street war with the machine count.

Charles Babbage designed one of the first calculating machine called the
analytical engine. In addition, various simple mechanical devices such as slide rule also
has to be said as a computer.
The first digital computer, are large and costly to manufacture. Computers in
those days commonly used to perform scientific calculations. ENIAC, early computers
originally designed to take into account U.S. ballistics tables for weapons (artillery),
calculate the density of the neutron cross section to see if the hydrogen bomb would
work properly (this calculation, conducted in December 1945 to January 1946 and
involving more than one million in punch cards, then show the form under consideration
would fail). CSIR Mk 1/CSIRAC, Australia's first computer, evaluated rainfall patterns for
the shelter of the Snowy Mountains, a large hydroelectric generation project. It is also
used in cryptanalysis, for example, the first digital electronic computer, Colossus,
created during World War II. However, the early visionaries also thought that the
programming that would allow a game of chess, moving images and other uses.

People in government and large corporations also use computers to automate


many data collection and work on tasks previously done by humans, for example,
maintain and update the accounts and inventory. In the field of education, scientists in
various fields began to use computers for their own analysis. Decline in computer prices
to make them can be used by smaller organizations. Businesses, organizations, and
governments often use very many small computers to accomplish tasks that used to be
performed by main frame computers are expensive and large. A collection of smaller
computers in one location as submitted to the server farm.

With the invention of the microprocessor in the 1970s, it became possible to


produce a very cheap computer. PCs became popular for many tasks, including storing
books, write and print documents. Calculation and other repetitive mathematical
forecasting with spreadsheets, related e-mail and, the Internet. However, the
widespread availability of computers and easy customization seen them used for many
other purposes.

At the same time, a small computer, usually with a set program, begin to find their way
into other devices such as home appliances, automobiles, aircraft, and industrial
equipment. This processor controls the behavior of such tools that are easier, allowing
more complex control behavior (for instances, the development of anti-lock brakes in
cars). As the twenty-first century begins, most electrical devices, most forms of powered
transportation, and most of controlled factory production line next to the computer. Most
engineers tend to predict that this will continue.

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