Scribd
Upload
95 views

Tutorial 2 Topic III (A) - Answer - Student

This document discusses transmission line parameters including resistance, inductance, and impedance. It provides examples of calculating these parameters for several single-phase transmission lines with aluminum conductors of varying diameters and ratings between 22kV and 275kV. It also discusses factors that influence transmission line resistance, inductance, and impedance such as conductor size, spacing between conductors, frequency, temperature, and voltage rating. The document demonstrates that for identical conductors, higher voltage transmission lines have lower inductance.

Uploaded by

Zulhaily Zhafran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
95 views

Tutorial 2 Topic III (A) - Answer - Student

This document discusses transmission line parameters including resistance, inductance, and impedance. It provides examples of calculating these parameters for several single-phase transmission lines with aluminum conductors of varying diameters and ratings between 22kV and 275kV. It also discusses factors that influence transmission line resistance, inductance, and impedance such as conductor size, spacing between conductors, frequency, temperature, and voltage rating. The document demonstrates that for identical conductors, higher voltage transmission lines have lower inductance.

Uploaded by

Zulhaily Zhafran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Tutorial 2 Topic III (a): Transmission line parameters

Answers

1. Calculate the dc resistance in ohms per kilometer for an aluminum conductor with a 3
cm diameter.

2. Calculate the dc resistance in ohms per mile for a hard-drawn copper conductor with a
1 inch diameter.
(Note that 1 mile = 1.609 km).

Questions 3 through 5 refer to a single phase, 8 kV, 50-Hz, 50 km-long transmission line
consisting of two aluminum conductors with a 3 cm diameter separated by a spacing of 2
meters.

3. Calculate the inductive reactance of this line in ohms.

4. Assume that the 50 Hz ac resistance of the line is 5% greater than its dc resistance,
and calculate the series impedance of the line in ohms per km.

EET305: Power System Fundamental, Sem 2010/11 Page 1


5. Calculate the shunt admittance of the line in siemens per km.

6. List the THREE (3) factors that affect the conductor resistance.
Solution:
Frequency –skin effect
Spiraling
Temperature

7. Describe briefly what is skin effect? How does it influence the resistance of a
conductor?

The skin effect is where the alternating current (AC) distribution is not uniform over the
conductor cross-sectional area, and the current density is greatest at the surface of the
conductor.

This will limit the cross-sectional conductor area available to carry alternating electron flow,
which causes the ac resistance to be somewhat higher than the dc resistance.

8. Briefly explain THREE (3) factors that influence the inductance of a transmission
line.
Factor : Spacing between conductors

Explanation : The greater the spacing between the phases of a transmission line, the
greater the inductance of the line.

Factor : Size of conductor

Explanation : The greater the radius of the conductor in a transmission line, the lower
the inductance of the line.

EET305: Power System Fundamental, Sem 2010/11 Page 2


Factor : Carrying voltage

Explanation : The greater voltage capacity in a transmission line, the lower the
inductance of the line.

9. Suppose that there are two transmission lines, A and B using a single conductor per
phase. Both are identical (same material and same diameter). If A is rated at 132 kV
and B is rated at 275 kV, which transmission line is likely to have the highest
inductance? Prove and explain. (Note: prove using equations)

Solution:

132 kV transmission line has higher inductance than 275 kV

From Ohm’s Law, V = IR where voltage, V in Volt is equivalent on value of current, I in Ampere
times resistance, R in ohm. Given that, both transmission lines are identical. Therefore, V is
proportional with I; the higher value of V, the higher value of I will be.

Based on inductance definition, given that


L
I where,

 is the flux linkages in Weber-turns

I is the current in Ampere

L is the inductance in Hendry


Therefore, the lower voltage (132 kV) capacity in a transmission line, the higher the inductance
of the line.

10. A 22 kV, 50 Hz, single phase, two-wire transmission line consists of aluminum
conductors with radius of 22 mm. The two conductors are spaced 1.0 m apart, the
transmission line is 10 km long, and the temperature of the conductors is 20 °C.
(i) Calculate the series resistance per kilometer of this transmission line.

l  2.83  10 8   m 1000m 
r   0.0186 / km
A   0.022m  2

(ii) Calculate the series inductance per kilometer of this transmission line.

=1.6267mH/km

EET305: Power System Fundamental, Sem 2010/11 Page 3


11. A 22 kV, 50 Hz, single phase, two-wire transmission line consists of aluminum
conductors with radius of 25 mm. The two conductors are spaced 1.0 m apart, the
transmission line is 10 km long, and the temperature of the conductors is 20 °C.
(i) Calculate the total series resistance of this transmission line.
r  0.144

(ii) Calculate the series inductance per kilometer of this transmission line.
=1.5756mH/km

12. A 22 kV, 50 Hz, single phase, two-wire transmission line consists of aluminum
conductors with radius of 27 mm. The two conductors are spaced 1.0 m apart, the
transmission line is 10 km long, and the temperature of the conductors is 20 °C.

(i) Calculate the series inductance per kilometer of this transmission line.

=1.5448 mH/km

(ii) Calculate the total inductive reactance.


=j 4.856 Ω

13. Based on your observation from Q10 to Q12, state of the following.
(i) Impact on radius difference.
Impact: The greater the radius of the conductor in a transmission line, the lower
the inductance of the line

(ii) Explain (i) based on practical installation.


Explanation: Practical transmission lines do not use conductors of extremely large
radius because they would be heavy, inflexible and expensive. However, they do
approximate this behaviour by bundling two, three or more conductor together in each
phase. (Applied to very high voltages

EET305: Power System Fundamental, Sem 2010/11 Page 4

You might also like