Research Proposal

Survey on Informal Market Roadside Vendors:

Exploratory Study on Business Sustainability & Livelihood of Roadside Vendors

1. Background:

There have been many discussions on the informal markets that operate in Bangladesh and particularly
interesting are the ones operating in Dhaka city. With the current trends or increasing living expenses, which is
effecting people from all walks of life, it would be a meaningful exploration to better understand how the lower
socioeconomic groups living in Dhaka city are surviving in the current scenario.

Therefore, the Center for Enterprise & Society (CES) proposes a research study to assess the existing living
standards of the lower socioeconomic group (Roadside Vendors selling food items) who are surviving in Dhaka
by running their micro businesses. The study would be an attempt to better understand:

1. The micro business they are operating

2. The businesses challenges they face on a day to day basis
3. The level of income they are generating through their business
4. Potential for employment generation in this sector
5. Sustainability of the business
6. Potential for investment in the sector
7. Potential for policy support

The purpose of the study, other than exposing students to first-hand survey research processes, is to build data-
sets using primary data on roadside vendors’ level of income, business challenges, potential for job creation,
potential for external investment, livelihood struggles and with possible implications for policy makers and
development organizations to come up with working model to help develop the street vendors of Dhaka city.

CES proposes to deploy students from three sections from the Research Methodology course in order to conduct
the study. The data set will be an asset for CES to use in the near future for various publications & promotional
purposes.

2. Literature Review:

The informal sector for a nation has not yet identified a clear definition on which all the researchers
practitioners and policymakers can all agree upon. The sector has always naturally developed in many
underdeveloped or developing nations where a mirco-enterprise or small scale industry has survived on natural
demand. There has been two school of thoughts on the connect of informal sectors. One is where individuals
and families have mimicked their close communities and have come up with alternate source of income,
especially where earning scopes are limited due to geographical, social, or knowledge barriers. The other is
driven by entrepreneurship where people with natural entrepreneurial skills have opted to start their own
business to escape the system and not be stuck on a dead end job as they have seen their forefathers do all their
life (Edusah and Tribe 1992). I many developing nations such as in the West African countries of Ghana,
Nigeria, Sierra Leon informal markets have been identified as:
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 1. Industrial enterprises carried out by individuals mainly with household workers and occasionally
employing outside labor
2. Industries carried out by more than one person employing not only family labor but also outside labor

Many donor agencies have opted to focus on the informal sector development after years of struggling with
macroeconomic reforms which did not live up to their promises, particularly in the sectors of job creation, equal
distribution on income, income generation and private investments. This seems to hold true in the case of
Bangladesh as well where many of the donors are not thinking of focusing on the informal sector development
in the rural areas as an attempt to get rural communities to give a second though on the non-agricultural
activities that can be developed as micro businesses owned and operated by the local rural communities for the
local rural community markets. This concept can be carried forward to the urban poor communities as well
where these large influx up rural people have moved to the major cities in search for jobs, but now are jobless or
underpaid and are struggling to survive on the pressure of living expenses in a major metropolitan city such as
Dhaka.

Although the critics will argues that the informal economy is a temporary marginal economic activity which
only provided income for the poor and is used as a safety net whenever there is a time of crises (Unni and Rani,
2003), we believe that the informal sector, particularly in urban Bangladesh has evolved to much more than that
and has become a full-fledged micro business developed for not only survival but a way of living. Reymolds
(1969) developed a model where he suggested two urban sectors one of which was referred to as a “trade
service” sector which indicated roadside vendors of urban cities which you see on the sidewalks and back allies
of developing nations’ major metropolitan cities such as Dhaka. These include petty traders, street vendors,
small artisans, barbers, shoe-shine boys etc. we believe that this definition still holds true for what we
understand to be constituting the urban informal sector. Heart (1973) first introduced the conceop of informal
sector as informal opportunities with urban employment in Accra and the suburbs of Nima and Ghana. Hart
mentioned in his study that over half the economically active working age population was non-wage earning,
but earned a living outside of the mail stream economic activities. Based on this information Hart has identified
the key variable to distinguish between formal and informal occupations; which was in the degree of
rationalization of work. To be more specific, if labor is recruited on a permanent basis for fixed rewards it
would be considered as formal. Hart (2006) also suggest that unorganized economic activities, which leads to
small self-employment is termed as informal. Therefore the word informal sector was referred to ways of
making a living outside the formal wage economy and it was wither used as an alternative to or a means of
supplementing income earned with it.

Other studies have been carried out to identify the informal sector particularly focusing on the urban labor
market. For instance Sethuraman (1981) also argues on that point that employment criterion is a realistic
indicator which can be used to define informal and formal sectors primarily because the formal sector is
concerned with generating profits where in informal sector is more concerned with generating employment and
sustainable income .

Hart (1973) and the ILO (1972) have suggested two main classifications of the informal sector activities. Hart’s
classification is very exhaustive and covers a wide range of activities carried out outside the formal economy
particularly in the urban areas. The ILO classification on the other hand, is based on the characteristics of the
informal sector. It can be seen that the two classification presented below are different in approach. While
Hart’s classification is presented on the basis of categories of activities, the ILO classification is presented as
the characteristics of the informal sector.
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 A) Hart’s Classification of Informal Income Opportunities:
In an attempt to get round the definition difficulties, Hart (1973) resorted to listing of a wide range of activities
carried out in the urban areas for a living by people outside the formal sector based on his work in Ghana. These
are:
· primary and secondary activities – farming, market gardening, building contractors and associated activities,
self-employed artisans, shoemakers, tailors, manufactures of beers and spirits;
· tertiary enterprises with relatively large capital inputs – housing, transport, utilities, commodity
speculation activities;
· small-scale distribution – market operatives, petty traders, street hawkers, caterers in food and drinks, bar
attendants, carriers (kayakaya or kayayo), commission agents and dealers;
· other services – musicians, launderers, shoe-shiners, barbers, photographers, vehicle repairs and other
maintenance workers, brokerage and middleman-ship, ritual services, magic and medicine.

B) ILO’s Classification of Informal Sector Activities:

The following attributes of the informal sector was put up by the ILO (1972) to overcome the difficulties with
definition which include:
· ease of entry;
· reliance on indigenous resources;
· family ownership of enterprises;
· small scale of operation;
· labour-intensive methods of production and adapted technology;
· skill acquired outside the formal school system and
· unregulated and competitive markets.

For the purpose of this study we will consider Hart’s definition as a working definition as the authors have
identified the study area to be Dhaka city and the study subjects as the street vendors living and operating a
small/micro food business in Dhaka city.

3. Methodology:

The study will combine quantitative and qualitative survey techniques.

 A quantitative survey consisting of 600 interviews of street vendors at 12 different locations of Dhaka
city is proposed. The sample size of 600 corresponds to 95% confidence interval and 4.8% error margin
which is acceptable.

Study Approach Quantitative Study

Respondent Respondent Profile:

Category  Roadside Vendors selling food items in the streets of Dhaka
 Gender will be primarily Male respondents as hardly any Female are
available
 Age will be between 18 to 50
 Income will be between 500 to 1500 per day (average daily income
identified from pretest)

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  Street vendors operating their business and living in Dhaka city
 Business has to be mobile/semi-mobile (not selling from any fixed stores)
Respondent Type:
1. Snacks Item (Chatpoti / Fuchka / Bhalpuri / Jhal Mori / Singara /
Samucha) Vendors
2. Lunch Item (Rice meals / Fried Chicken / Noodles etc.) Vendors
3. Tea, Coffee & Cigarette Vendors
4. Fruits & Vegetables Vendors
5. Drinks (sugar cane / lime juice / cold coffee etc.) Vendors

Sample Size 600 Sample Size for Survey

13 In-depth Interviews

Sample Qualitative Study:

Distribution In-depth interview with:
1. Policy Makers- 1 ministry level; 1 secretariat level, 1 economist from
think tank
2. Industry Experts- 2 interviews of each category = 2*5= 10 interviews in
total
Quantitative Survey:
10 Respondent Per category & 5 categories = 5*10 = 50 interviews per area
12 Area * 50 interviews = 600 respondents in Total

Sampling Non-probability Convenience Sampling Technique will be used as this is an

Technique exploratory study and we do not have any sampling frame or any other frame of
references on the population.

Study Area 1. Uttara 1 to 19

2. Dhanmondi + Mohammadpur + Lalmatia area
3. Mirpur 1 to 14
4. Gulshan 1 + Gulshan 2 + Dadda + Rampura
5. Motijhil + Malibag + Mowchak + Kamalapur
6. Savar
7. Gaptoli
8. Jatrabari
9. Shadar Ghat
10. Jurain
11. Tejgaon + Mohakhali
12. Old Town
 With regard to the qualitative survey component, Key-Informant Interviews (KIIs) will be conducted
with 5 vendors of 5 different categories which is a total of 25 vendors. We will also approach 5 industry
experts based on availability.
 The study will be conducted by ULAB students (students of BUS 308 Research Methodology course)
which will give our students a first-hand exposure on how real studies are conducted. This will be part
of their course work so there will not be any remuneration involved.
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  Field Supervisors will be recruited from former students routinely used by CSD and CES for
surveys. For this study we will require at least 2 external field supervisors.

4. Data Outputs:

1. Quality of life/livelihood of target group (TG)

2. Business challenges of TG
3. Business process, level of Income and Business & Personal Expenditures
4. Problem solving mechanisms currently being used by TG
5. Potential of business sustainability given the overall expenditure
6. Potential for external investment
7. Potential for job creation in the sector
8. Recommendations

5. Deliverables:

1. Datasets on street vendors of Dhaka city looking into their business sustainability, problems and
challenges of livelihood and business operations and sustainability of mobile street vendor business.
2. Analyzing the findings and prepare a final comprehensive report for CES and local discrimination. CES
will also conduct in-depth analysis for future papers to be submitted to international journals.

6. Timeline:

Considering a start-date of May 28, the research study should be completed by August 12, 2016.

Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee Wee
Activities
k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 k6 k7 k8 k9 k 10 k 11
Pre-testing &
1
Training
Field work for
2 Quantitative
Survey
KIIs with
3 Industry
Experts
Data Entry,
Cleaning &
Coding for
4
Data from
Quantitative
Survey
Transcription
5 of KII
Responses
Data Analysis
of
6
Quantitative
Data

5
 Report
Writing/Draft
7
Report
Preparation

7. Budget:

Total
Sl
Item Units Cost Explanation
.
(BDT)
Data collector Students from Ishti’s Research Methodology Course
fee [consumer/ 12 (BUS 308) will be deployed for the survey. There are
1. -
Shopper’s Students about 40 students.
survey] This will not incur any costs.
25 KII’s will be conducted by the CES Team (Ishti,
Key-Informant
2 CES Adib & Iftakhar) with vendors and industry experts
2. Interviews -
Members depending on availability.
(KII)
This will not incur any costs.
Field Supervisors will be paid BDT 1000 per person
Field 2 for:
Supervision Supervis
 Field supervision (including back-checking)
3. Costs (Quality ors
70,000  Data entry, cleaning and coding.
Checking; (2*35
Data Entry and days * Please note that Field Supervisors are ex-students that
Coding) 1000) have been deployed by CSD and CES for field
supervision earlier.
Adib will perform the data analysis guided by Sajid &
4. Data Analysis - -
Ishti.
13 * ULAB students will do the Bangla to English
5. Transcription 52,000
4000 Transcriptions of KIIs.
4 CNG
Per
location
Up &
Down The transportation cost can be avoided given that we
6. Transportation =600*4 28,800 are provided with the ULAB Micro which can take the
=2,400 full filed team of 12 students.
(Therefor
e 12
locations
* 2,400)
Communicatio Lump
7. 3,000 Phone call costs for back-checking
n Sum
Photocopy costs for 600 questionnaires (600 + 100
Lump
8. Printing 12,000 wastage) considering 10-page questionnaire and BDT
Sum
2 per page.
Lump
9. Stationeries 5,000 Items: Clipboard, Pencil, Rubber, Sharpener.
Sum
1 Report Writing - - Sajid and the CES Team will write the report.
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0. This will not incur any costs.
Total 1,70,800

8. Appendix

Variable Definition Table:

SL Factors Variables Definition of Measurements Scales

Variables Relevant to
the Study
1. Independent 1.Flood Business of the Street  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Variable X1: Vendors are effected sales due to flood scale
Natural (reduced) when there  Level of impact of change in 1to 5
Disaster are regular floods in prices on input materials scale
Dhaka city as it during floods 1to 5
reduces the flow of  Level of damage on input scale
commuters on the materials due to floods 1to 5
streets  Frequency of changing scale
locations due to floods
2.Earthquake Business of the Street  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Vendors are effected sales due to Earthquake scale
(reduced) when there is  Level of impact of change in 1to 5
any major earthquakes prices on input materials scale
in Dhaka city as it during Earthquake
reduces the flow of  Level of damage on input 1to 5
commuters on the materials due to Earthquake scale
streets  Frequency of changing 1to 5
locations due to Earthquake scale
3.Fire Business of the Street  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Vendors are effected sales due to Fire scale
(reduced) when there is  Level of impact of change in 1to 5
any major Fire prices on input materials scale
breakouts in Dhaka city during Fire 1to 5
as it reduces the flow  Level of damage on input scale
of commuters on the materials due to Fire 1to 5
streets & many times  Frequency of changing scale
also directly effects the locations due to Fire
streets vendors
themselves if they are
living or doing
business in the fire
effected area
4.Tornado Business of the Street  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Vendors are effected sales due to Tornado scale
(reduced) when there is  Level of impact of change in 1to 5
any major tornados in prices on input materials scale
and around Dhaka city during Tornado
as it reduces the flow  Level of damage on input 1to 5

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 of commuters on the materials due to Tornado scale
streets  Frequency of changing 1to 5
locations due to Tornado scale
5.Cyclone Business of the Street  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Vendors are effected sales due to Cyclone scale
(reduced) when there is  Level of impact of change in 1to 5
any major tornados in prices on input materials scale
and around Dhaka city during Cyclone
as it reduces the flow  Level of damage on input 1to 5
of commuters on the materials due to Cyclone scale
streets  Frequency of changing 1to 5
locations due to Cyclone scale
2. Independent 1.Extortion Taking money from the  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Variable X2: Street Vendors by force business if you do not pay scale
Political if and when they want  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Instability to sell in a particular business if your payment is scale
area late 1to 5
 Level of impact on your scale
business even after paying 1to 5
 Level of benefits on your scale
business due to making the 1to 5
payment scale
 Level of impact on your
profit due to making the
payment
2.Local People from the local  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Community community (usually by business if you do not pay scale
Pressure local thugs or local  Level of impact on your 1to 5
police) forcefully business if your payment is scale
collecting money from late 1to 5
the Street Vendors  Level of impact on your scale
when they go to sell in business even after paying 1to 5
a particular community  Level of benefits on your scale
business due to making the 1to 5
payment scale
 Level of impact on your
profit due to making the
payment
3.Taking People forcefully  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Free taking /consuming free business if you do not pay scale
Samples food from the Street  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Vendors business if your payment is scale
late 1to 5
 Level of impact on your scale
business even after paying 1to 5
 Level of benefits on your scale
business due to making the 1to 5
payment scale

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  Level of impact on your
profit due to making the
payment
4.Strikes Hartals reducing  Level of impact on your 1to 5
(Hartal) customers and hence sales due to low frequency scale
overall sales as less of people 1to 5
people come out to the  Level of impact on your scale
streets business due to your
reduced mobility
5.Blockage Impacts the business as  Level of impact on your 1to 5
(Oborodh) it becomes difficult for sales due to low frequency scale
goods to flow from one of people 1to 5
area to the other  Level of impact on your scale
business due to your 1to 5
reduced mobility scale
 Level of impact of 1to 5
increasing input prices on scale
your profit
 Level of impact of
unavailability on input
materials
6.Vandalism Deliberate destructions  Level of impact on your 1to 5
or damage of public or sales due to low frequency scale
private property can of people 1to 5
reduce the number of  Level of impact on your scale
customers and reduce business due to your
the daily sales reduced mobility
3 Independent 1.Seasonality Business reducing or  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Variable X3: increasing due to the sales due to low frequency scale
Culture season of people 1to 5
 Level of impact on your scale
sales due to high frequency 1to 5
of people scale
 Level of impact of 1to 5
unavailability on input scale
materials 1to 5
 Level of impact on your scale
business due to reduced
demand
 Level of impact on your
business due to increased
demand
2.Festival The effect of festivals  Level of impact on your 1to 5
on the business which sales due to low frequency scale
can increase or of people 1to 5
decrease the sales  Level of impact on your scale
sales due to high frequency 1to 5
of people scale
 Level of impact of 1to 5
9
 unavailability on input scale
materials 1to 5
 Level of impact on your scale
business due to reduced
demand
 Level of impact on your
business due to increased
demand
4. Independent 1.Electricity Effect of electricity on  Need of electricity in your 1to 5
Variable X4: the sales business scale
Power  Level of impact on your 1to 5
sales due to usage of scale
electricity 1to 5
 Level of impact on business scale
due to selling at night
2.Diesel Using diesel to operate  Need of diesel generators in 1to 5
generators to run lights your business scale
or fans can have a  Level of impact on your 1to 5
positive or negative sales due to usage of diesel scale
effect on the sales of
the business
3.Solar Solar cells used by  Need of solar cells in your 1to 5
power vendors in their stalls business scale
for operating lights or  Level of impact on your 1to 5
fans can have a sales due to usage of solar scale
positive or negative cells
effect on the sales of
the business
5. Independent 1.Location The particular place of  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Variable X5: business for the vendor sales due to selling in this scale
Competition area 1to 5
 Distance between place of scale
business and home (in km) 1to 5
 Number of areas covered / scale
vendor
2.Rivalry Rivalry among vendors  Level of impact on your 1to 5
competing for the same sales due to other competing scale
target customers and vendors 1to 5
offering similar  Level of impact on your scale
products to the same sales due to substitute
target group products

6. Independent 1.Wastage Carelessly preparing /  Level of food wasted while 1to 5

Variable X6: serving the food or preparing the food scale
Quality of improper packaging  Level of food wasted when 1to 5
Food and storage can serving the food scale
increase wastage and  Level of food wasted when 1to 5
have an impact on the storing the food scale
business 1to 5
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  Level of food wasted due to scale
improper packing of the O-
food Ended
 Disposing process of the
wastage
2.Hygiene Practicing making &  Level of impact on your 1to 5
serving the food in a sales due to selling at a scale
healthy manner so that clean area 1to 5
diseases are prevented  Level of impact on your scale
or minimize or making sales due to making the food
& serving the food in a hygienically appealing 1to 5
healthy environment  Level of impact of scale
can have an impact on operational costs due to
the sales maintaining hygiene
3.Use of Using unhealthy or  Level of impact on your 1to 5
Chemicals dangerous chemicals sales due to usage of scale
while making the food formalin 1to 5
 Level of impact on your scale
sales due to usage of other 1to 5
chemicals scale
 Level of impact on your
sales due to selling organic
food
7. Independent 1.Daily Daily purchase volume  Purchase volume per day Numeric
Variable X7: Purchase  Types of suppliers MC
Finance  Purchased items per day MC
2.Daily Sales Total sales for the day  Sales revenue per day in Numeric
Revenue taka
3.Daily Overall cost per day  Daily operational expense Numeric
Operational per day in taka
Cost

4.Daily Net Total profit left over at  Net profit per day in taka Numeric
Profit the end of the day
5.Savings Money saved from the  Level of savings from you 1to 5
business profit and business scale
loans taken from any  Taken a loan Y/N
formal or informal  Loan amount Numeric
institutions  Payment scheme O-
 Source on loans Ended
 Need to take any loans MC
1to 5
scale
8. Independent 1.Transport Daily transportation  Transport cost per day in Numeric
Variable X8: used for moving taka MC
Cost business products  Types of transport used
2.Labour Daily Labor used in the  use of labor in the business Y/N
business  number of labors used Numeric

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  Labor cost per day in taka Numeric
3.Rent Daily /Monthly cost of  Rent cost per day/per month Numeric
all rents in taka MC
 Types of item to be rented
4.Utility Daily /monthly cost of  Utility cost per day/month in Numeric
all utilities taka MC
 Types of utilities used
5.Food Daily food Costs  Food costs per day/ month Numeric
(Includes all meals & per person in taka
snacks )
6.Clothing Monthly Clothing  Clothing costs per month Numeric
Costs per person in taka
7.Education Monthly Education  Any family members taking MC
Cost (Self & family education Numeric
members)  Education costs per month
per person in taka
8.Medical Monthly Medical cost  Medical costs per month per Numeric
(Self & family person in taka
members)

9. Questionnaire:

Informal Market Survey

Demographic Information:
Q1. Type of Business 1. Jhalmuri/Fuchka /Velpuri vendor
2. Fruits/Vegetable vendor
3. Tea & cigarette vendor
4. Drinks vendor (Dub/ sugarcane/ lemonade)
5. Fried Junk food
Q2. Gender: Male Female
Q3. Age: 15-18 yrs 18-25 yrs 26-36 yrs 36-55yrs
Q4. Average Household monthly 10,000-15,000 16,000-20,000 21,000-30,000 30,000 or more
Income
Q5. Location Residence Business
Dhanmondi 1 Dhanmondi 1
Mirpur 2 Mirpur 2
Uttara 3 Uttara 3
Gulshan 4 Gulshan 4
Motijheel 5 Motijheel 5
Rampura 6 Rampura 6
Gaptoli 7 Gaptoli 7
Jatrabari 8 Jatrabari 8
Tejgoan 9 Tejgoan 9
Jurine 10 Jurine 10
Savar 11 Savar 11
Shadarghat 12 Shadarghat 12
Q6. Marital Status Single 1
Married 2
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 Widowed 3
Divorced 4
Others 5
Q7. Education Background No Formal Education 1
Primary 2
Secondary 3
Higher Secondary 4
Undergraduate 5
Graduate/Post graduate 6
Others 7
Q8. Number of family member in 1 person 1
Dhaka
1-2 person 2
2-3 person 3
3-5 person 4
More than 5 5

Factor 1: Natural Disasters

How natural disasters are having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact
Flood Q9. What is the level of impact of flood on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q10. What is the level of impact of price changes due to flood on your 1 2 3 4 5
sales?
Q11. What is the level of impact of damaged raw materials due to 1 2 3 4 5
flood?
Q12. What is the level of impact of changing your location due to 1 2 3 4 5
flood?
Fire Q13. What is the level of impact of Fire on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q14. What is the level of impact of price changes due to Fire on your 1 2 3 4 5
sales?
Q15. What is the level of impact of damaged raw materials due to 1 2 3 4 5
Fire?
Q16. What is the level of impact of changing your location due to Fire? 1 2 3 4 5
Storm Q17. What is the level of impact Storms have on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q18. What is the level of impact of price changes due to Storms? 1 2 3 4 5
Q19. What is the level of impact of damaged raw materials due to 1 2 3 4 5
Storm?
Q20. What is the level of impact of changing your location due to 1 2 3 4 5
Storms?
Factor 2: Political Instability
How political instability is having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Extortion Q21. Types of extortions Police 1
Local Gang 2
Political Groups 3
(Hijras) 4
Trans Gender
Others 5
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 Q22. What is the Level of consequences if payment is not made? 1 2 3 4 5
Q23. What is the Level of problems faced due to late payments? 1 2 3 4 5
Q24. What are the Level of benefits on business after payment? 1 2 3 4 5
Q25. What is the Level of impact on profit after payment? 1 2 3 4 5
Free Sample Q26. What is the Level of consequences if free sample is not given? 1 2 3 4 5
Q27. What is the Level of benefits on business after giving free 1 2 3 4 5
sample?
Q28. What is the Level of impact on profit after giving free sample? 1 2 3 4 5
Strike Q29. What is the Level of impact Hartals have on frequency of sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Hartal &
Blockage
Q30. What is the Level of impact Blockage has on frequency of sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q31. What is the Level of impact on sales due to your reduced 1 2 3 4 5
mobility?
Q32. What is the Level of impact of increase prices of raw materials 1 2 3 4 5
onprofit?
Q33. What is the Level of impact of unavailability of raw materials on 1 2 3 4 5
sales?
Vandalism Q34. What is the Level of impact Vandalism has on frequency of 1 2 3 4 5
sales?
Q35. What is the Level of impact on sales due to your reduced 1 2 3 4 5
mobility?
Factor 3: Culture
How culture is having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Seasonality Q36. What is the Level of impact Seasonality has on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q37. Level of impact on your sales due to high frequency of people? 1 2 3 4 5
Q38. Level of impact on your sales due to low frequency of people? 1 2 3 4 5
Q39. Level of impact on your sales due to unavailability of raw 1 2 3 4 5
materials ?
Festivals Q40. Level of impact Festivals has on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q41. Level of impact on your sales due to low frequency of people? 1 2 3 4 5
Q42. Level of impact on your sales due to high frequency of people? 1 2 3 4 5
Q43. Level of impact on your sales due to unavailability of raw 1 2 3 4 5
materials?
Factor 4: Power
How power is having an impact in the informal sector? ( On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Electricity Q44. What is the level of impact of electricity on your business? 1 2 3 4 5
Q45. What is the level of impact on your sales when you selling at 1 2 3 4 5
night?
Diesel Q46. What is the level of impact of using diesel generators in your 1 2 3 4 5
business?
Solar Power Q47. What is the level of impact on your sales due to usage of solar 1 2 3 4 5
cells?
Factor 5: Competition
How competition is having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Location Q48. What is the level of impact on your sales due to selling in this 1 2 3 4 5
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 area?
Q49. What is the level of impact on your business due to distance 1 2 3 4 5
between place and home?
Rivalry Q50. What is the level of impact of competing vendors on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Q51. What is the level of impact of substitute products on your sales? 1 2 3 4 5
Factor 6: Quality of food
How quality of food is having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Wastage Q52. What is the level of wastage while preparing the food? 1 2 3 4 5
Q53. What is the level of wastage on serving the food? 1 2 3 4 5
Q54. What is the level of wastage when storing the food? 1 2 3 4 5
Q55. What is the level of wastage due to improper packing of food? 1 2 3 4 5
Q56. What is the disposing process of the wastage for your business?

Hygiene Q57. What is the level of impact on your sales due to selling at a clean 1 2 3 4 5
area?
Q58. What is the level of impact on your sales due to making the food 1 2 3 4 5
hygienically appealing?
Q59. What is the level of impact of operational costs due to 1 2 3 4 5
maintaining hygiene?
Use of Q60. What is the level of impact of your sales due to usage of 1 2 3 4 5
chemicals formalin?
Q61. What is the level of impact on your sales due to usage of other 1 2 3 4 5
chemicals?
Q62. What is the level of impact on your sales due to selling organic 1 2 3 4 5
food?
Factor 7: Finance
How the finance of the company is having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Daily Q63. What is the purchase volume per day?
Purchase
Volume
Daily Sales Q64. How much is the sales revenue per day in taka? 100-200 1
Revenue 201-300 2
301-400 3
401-500 4
Above 500 5
Daily Q65. What is the daily operational expense per day in taka? 100-200 1
Operational 201-300 2
Costs 301-400 3
401-500 4
Above 500 5
Daily Q66.What is the net profit made per day in taka? 100-200 1
Net Profit 201-300 2
301-400 3
401-500 4
Above 500 5

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Savings Q67.What is the level of average savings from your business? 1 2 3 4 5
5000-10000 1
10000-15000 2
15000-20000 3
20000-30000 4
30000-above 5
Q68. What is the payment scheme of the loan taken?

Q69.What was the source of the loan? Formal Bank loans

Personal Savings
Loan from Family
Loans from Friends
Loans from NGOs
Investment
Donation
_________________
Selling Assets
_________________
Q70. How was the experience of the need to take loan? 1 2 3 4 5
Factor 8: Expenses
How the cost is having an impact in the informal sector? (On a scale of 1 to 5 where:
1= Minimum Impact, 2=Slight Impact, 3=Moderate Impact, 4= High Impact, 5= Very High Impact.
Transportatio Q71. What is the transportation cost incurred per day in taka? 100-200 1
n 201-300 2
301-400 3
401-500 4
Above 500 5
Q72.What are the types of transportation used mostly by your business? Bus 1
CNG 2
Rickshaw 3
Leguna 4
Van 5
Bicycle 6
Walking 7
Other 8
Labor Q73. Do you use any machinery in your business?(If no then skip this question)

Q74.What is the number of labor used in the business? (If no then skip this question)

Q75.What is the labor cost per day in taka? 100-300 1

301-500 2
501-1000 3
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 1001 above 4
Rent Q76.What is the house rent cost per month in taka? 500-1000 1
1001-2000 2
2001-3000 3
3001-5000 4
5001 above 5
Q77.What are the type of items you need to rent? Furniture 1
Vehicle 2
Electronic 3
devices
Space for 4
Business
Machineries 5
Utility rent 6
Other 7
Q78. What is the rent cost per day in taka? (For business usage) 500-1000 1
1000-5000 2
5000-10000 3
10000-12000 4
12000-above 5
Q79. What is the rent cost per day in taka? (For home usage) 500-1000 1
1000-5000 2
5000-10000 3
10000-12000 4
12000-above 5
Utility Q80. How much do you spend on utility bills per month in taka? 500-1000 1
( For business usage) 1000-5000 2
5000-10000 3
10000-12000 4
12000-above 5
Q81. How much do you spend on utility bills per month in taka? 500-1000 1
(For home usage) 1000-5000 2
5000-10000 3
10000-12000 4
12000-above 5
Q82.What are the type of utilities used in the business? Electricity 1
Gas 2
Water 3
Others 4
Food Q83. On average how much do you spend on food per day in taka? 500-1000 1
1000-5000 2
5000-10000 3
10000-12000 4
12000-above 5
Clothing Q84. On average how much do you spend on clothes per month in taka? 300-500 1
501-1000 2
1001-3000 3
3001-5000 4
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 5000-above 5
Education Q85. On average how much do you spend on education per month in 300-500 1
taka? 501-1000 2
1001-3000 3
3001-5000 4
Medical Q86. On average how much do you spend on medical costs per month 5000-10000 1
in taka? 10000-15000 2
15000-20000 3
20000-30000 4
30000-above 5
Q87. Is your income enough to sustain your family expenses?

Q88. What kind of support do you think you need from the Government/NGOs to grow your business?

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