International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Arduino based Reverse Vending Machine

Amrita Soni1, Manvi Kaushik2, Neha Kumari3, Dr. Gajendra Singh4, Gulshan Kr. Dubey5
1, 2, 3Student of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad,
Uttar Pradesh, India
4, 5Professor of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad,

Uttar Pradesh, India

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Abstract- World is facing COVID-19 dangerous situation To develop a better system, an " Arduino Based Recycling
and over 20 M individual have get affected worldwide. Now system" is proposed where some new features are added
people has started using individual plastic bottle which has in the system. In this system option of counting the bottle
led to increment of plastic waste and creating waste according to the type of material is added, whereas in the
management problem, unknowingly. So, to solve this conventional system it can count and calculate the money
difficulty, an innovative idea to design a system is used that by the QR code. The best feature is that, the option of the
can store the used bottle of drinks and beverages. It has an bottle being separated into the predefined storage of their
ability to store those bottles in predefined individual storage own is added, so that recycling can be done easily by
and calculated the amount of money to be returned to the collecting them from the storage
consumer as a reward. The system is based on Arduino,
capacitive proximity sensor and motors. The capacitive 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
proximity sensors are mounted on the side of the conveyer
belt. Capacitive Proximity sensor and a microcontroller are An Reverse Vending Machine is where individuals can
logically interfaced for controlling the movement of servo return void drink holders like containers and jars for
motors, counting the number of bottles, calculate the reusing. The machine frequently gives back a store or
amount of money to be returned. It can store the used bottle discounts add up to the end client. This is the thing that
in individual storage according to the type of materials and makes it an "opposite" candy machine: rather than the
print the amount of money to be returned. The plastic bottle client placing in cash and getting out an item (like at a
wastage problem can be solved with this design and with treats candy machine), the client places an item in and gets
rewards many people can be motivated in developing out a money related worth. The machines are famous in
countries like India. This will also support in many places that have compulsory reusing laws or compartment
government schemes like Smart Cities or Swachch Bharat store enactment. The essential activities include steps
Abhiyan. where the recycler places the unfilled jug/can into the
getting opening; the level in-feed framework permits the
1. INTRODUCTION client to embed holders each in turn. The container/can is
then naturally pivoted. The acknowledgment of the plastic
The world population is increasing dramatically. The is finished by utilizing capacitive sort vicinity sensor and
increase in consumption increasing the waste. Absolute ultrasonic sensor.
waste on the planet is huge. Some of it is reused yet a great
deal is essentially dumped, causing issue for the With respect to the prize framework, RVM conveys
individuals and the earth. Consistently 2.12 billion tons of significant tokens, similar to coins or coupons, when
waste is dumped. In the event that this waste was put on a refreshment holders are reused. The coupons are then
trucks, they would circumvent the world multiple times. used to recover endowments at the counter. In any case,
Among the type of the waste, the maximum number of the familiarity with natural issues and the point of
waste are built from the bottles or can of the drinks and decreasing paper utilization, the printing of coupons is not
beverages. Every year around 4,321,40 used bottles of profoundly preferred. Current application is by utilizing
drinks waste dumped in the ocean. Thus, polluting the electronic remunerating framework. Customized
water. More than 100 million bottles are used world wide attractive card or shrewd card framework gives the clients
everyday. It takes one plastic container 700 years to begin reward focuses. Electronic remunerating framework
breaking down. Microorganisms, which as a rule helps in additionally builds client steadfastness. Most markets have
breakinging down natural materials don't respond with given devotion cards to client to store the prize focuses.
this sorts of jug. Just 1 out of 5 containers or jars are The framework might be coordinated with different kinds
reused. The remainder of them simply become squander. of individual records, for example, school ID or library
For saving the used bottle from turning into waste and card. In this way, this methodology completely enhances
managing them, a conventional system exists called the utilization of card framework and client
"Bottle return and Handling machine". It can detects the accommodation. The UI of RVM from Reverse Vending
types of bottle and return the money to the consumer. Corporation is a LCD screen to show video messages on
the 17"/19" LCD screen on the front board of the unit. The

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2347
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

RVM likewise has the abilities to peruse the scanner tag of Using Arduino:
the item embedded and play a video which compares with
this item. Reverse Vending Machine has drink The most commonly used microcontroller are arduino
compartment database to check whether a container uno, the pins use in microcontroller on the right side of the
ought to be acknowledged or dismissed. For the nations arduino board have digital pins and on the left side of the
that don't have a national compartment database, the arduino board have analog pins. The digital signal are
store can likewise adjust and refresh the individual holder name as PWM Tthe brightness of the signal can be
and make database. The Reverse Vending Machines can adjusted because the PWM signal provide the supply
likewise be gotten to distantly permitting the prepared voltage on time. Connection diagram of the project using
expert, to attempt far off critical thinking, mistake arduino is shown in Fig. II.
checking, refreshing of programming, refreshing of
standardized tag database and distinguishing proof of
material sort and stream. Reverse distributing
frameworks are a computerized approach to gather, sort
and handle the arrival of utilized beverage compartments.
The first completely robotized invert candy machine was
made by TOMRA in 1972. Invert candy machines are
particularly basic in districts with compartment store laws
(where you get cash back for restoring certain holders) or
compulsory reusing enactment. The name of reverse
vending machines is at times abbreviated to RVMs. They
are otherwise called recover machines, reusing returns
machines, or can and bottle reusing machines.

3. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY AND DIAGRAM

Fig 2: Circuit diagram for the project
In the present scenario, the waste problem is increasing
and thus population is a severe problem in many modern Technical aspects of the components used-
cities all over the world. To overcome it , "Arduino based
Reverse Vending Machine" is design. In this project, 1. Arduino Uno and wires: Ardunio is used as a
demonstrate the management system of used bottle and microcontroller in this project. program are writte in
can of drinks and beverages by the consumers and the arduino and then plced it in block diagram with LED and
option of getting money in exchange of the plastic bottle or motor. Then this block diagram is simulated on Proteus
can. software.
The operation of plastic RVM machine has main three 2. Ultrasonic sensor: An Ultrasonic sensor is an instrument
which are as follows: which is used to measure the distance of the object using
ultrasonic sound waves. Ultrasonic sensor is used as a
(1) First, the user can insert plastic bottles of any size transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulse which
and shape in the RVM machine. relay back the information about the object proximity.
(2) Then, it is checked by the sensors 3. Dc motor: A DC gear engine is any electric engine
combined with a rigging train. As a rule, the expansion of
(3) At last, according to weight of the plastic bottles
an apparatus box is expected to confine the speed of the
reward is giving to the user.
engine's pole, and increment the engine's capacity to yield
force. Apparatuses really change shaft speed into force at
explicit proportions, with least productivity misfortunes,
making it conceivable to make the perfect force yield and
speed by including the properly estimated.

4. Simulation

This section discussed about the testing and performance

of the project. Simulation is done to check that the result
Fig 1: Block diagram of proposed project desired are getting correctly through the programs
written on the Arduino programming software and
simulation on Proteus Application. And Result obtained is
same as desired.

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2348
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

1. When input is given as glass or wood other then plastic. [4] L. R. Kambam and R. Aarthi, "Classification of plastic
The ultrasonic sensor will not be able to sense the input. bottles based on visual and physical features for waste
So, LED will not glow. As shown in Fig.3. management," 2019 IEEE International Conference on
Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies
(ICECCT), Coimbatore, India, 2019, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/ICECCT.2019.8869191.

[5] M. F. Karin, K. S. Noor and H. U. Zaman, "Hardware

based design and implementation of a bottle recycling
machine using FPGA," 2016 IEEE Conference on Systems,
Process and Control (ICSPC), Bandar Hilir, 2016, pp. 43-
46, doi: 10.1109/SPC.2016.7920701.

Fig.3: Circuit Before simulation

2. When plastic bottle is given as the input. The ultrasonic

sensor will sense the plastic bottle . So, LED will glow. As
shown in Fig.4.

Fig.4: Circuit After simulation

5. References

[1] Gaur, Aditya & Priyadarshini, Rashmi. (2018). A Simple

Approach to Design Reverse Vending Machine.

[2] Ahmad, Irfana & Mukhlisin, Muhammad & Basri,

Hassan. (2016). Application of Capacitance Proximity
Sensor for the Identification of Paper and Plastic from
Recycling Materials. Research Journal of Applied Sciences,
Engineering and Technology. 12. 1221-1228.
10.19026/rjaset.12.2880.

[3] A. N. Kokoulin and D. A. Kiryanov, "The Optical

Subsystem for the Empty Containers Recognition and
Sorting in a Reverse Vending Machine," 2019 4th
International Conference on Smart and Sustainable
Technologies (SpliTech), Split, Croatia, 2019, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.23919/SpliTech.2019.8782990.

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2349