CITIZENSHIP and GOOD GOVERNANCE

Governance – the process of decision making (whether the decisions are implemented or not)

Good Governance emerges as a model to compare ineffective with viable economies or political
bodies concepts centers on the responsibility of governments and governing bodies to meet the
needs of the common people

In National Government
According to Fukuyama (2013), “there are two dimensions to qualify governance as
good or bad: the capacity of the state and the bureaucracy’s autonomy.”
Lawson (2011) said, “the quality of government: Corruption, social trust, and inequality in
international perspective

In Local Government

Good Governance tries to promote build relationship between the government: empowered
citizens, neighborhood councils and community councils

THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

Article III. THE BILL OF RIGHTS
Approved on February 2, 1987

Bill of Rights
- a declaration and enumeration of a person’s rights and privileges the Constitution is
designed to protect one person against violation by the government, an individual, or
groups
- it is a charter of liberties for the individual and a limitation upon the power of the State

Classes of Rights
1. Natural rights – the rights that are given to a man by God as a human
Examples: the right to life, the right to liberty, the right to property, right to love
2. Statutory rights – the rights that provided by laws promulgated by a law-making body;
consequently they may be abolished by the same body
3. Constitutional rights – the rights that are conferred and protected by the Constitution
a. Political rights – the rights of the citizens that give them the power to
participate, directly or indirectly, in the establishment of the government
Examples: right to vote, right to get elected, right to hold public office, right to
petition, right to criticize, right to oppose the government
b. Civil rights – the rights of individuals to receive equal treatment (and to be free
from unfair treatment or "discrimination") in a number of settings -- including
education, employment, housing, and more
Examples: Right to Family Life, Right to Education, Right to Personal
Freedom, Right to Religious Freedom, Right to Freedom of Thought and
Expression, Right to Freedom of Movement
c. Social and Economic rights – the rights that are intended to insure the well-
being and economic security of the individual

Examples: Right to Health, Right to Housing, Right to Social Security, Right to

Work, Right to Adequate Wages, Right to Property, Right to Rest and Leisure
d. Rights of the accused – the (civil) rights intended for
 Examples: Right against unreasonable search and seizure, right to
presumption of innocence, Right to a speedy, impartial, and public trial, Right
of against cruel, degrading, or inhuman punishment

SEC. 1.
No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any
person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

SEC. 2
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against
unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable,
and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be
determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be
searched and the persons or things to be seized.

SEC. 3.
(1) The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful
order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law.
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section shall be inadmissible for
any purpose in any proceeding.

SEC. 4.
No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the Government for redress of
grievances.

SEC. 5.
No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without
discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be required for the
exercise of civil or political rights.

SEC. 6.
The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be
impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel be impaired
except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided by
law.

SEC. 7.
The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access
to official records, and to documents, and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or
decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for policy development, shall
be afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.

SEC. 8.
The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to form
unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged.

SEC. 9.
Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

SEC. 10.
No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.
SEC. 11.
Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be
denied to any person by reason of poverty.

SEC. 12.
(1) Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be
informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably
of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with
one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel.
(2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which vitiate the free will
shall be used against him. Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or other similar
forms of detention are prohibited.
(3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17 hereof shall be
inadmissible in evidence against him.
(4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for violations of this section as well as
compensation to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their families.

SEC. 13.
All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when
evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be
released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be impaired
even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be
required.

SEC. 14.
(1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law.
(2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the contrary is
proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the
nature and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to
meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of
witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may
proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he has been duly notified
and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.

SEC. 15.
The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or
rebellion when the public safety requires it.

SEC. 16.
All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-
judicial, or administrative bodies.

SEC. 17.
No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

SEC. 18.
(1) NO PERSON SHALL BE DETAINED SOLELY BY REASON OF HIS POLITICAL BELIEFS
AND ASPIRATIONS.
(2) No involuntary servitude in any from shall exist except as punishment for a crime whereof
the party shall be duly convicted.

SEC. 19.
(1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted.
Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous
crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be
reduced to reclusion perpetua.
(2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any prisoner
or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions
shall be dealt with by law.

SEC. 20.
No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.

SEC. 21.
No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If an act is
punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute a bar to
another prosecution for the same act.

SEC. 22
No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

The Philippine Flag

- The Philippine National Flag made its first public appearance at General Aguinaldo's
declaration of independence from Spain.
- The design of the new flag was decided by General Emilio Aguinaldo and the other
leaders after a great deal of discussion and study.
- The sketch was submitted to Mrs. Marcela Mariño de Agoncillo, who was living with her
husband Don Felipe Agoncillo at No. 535 Morrison Hill Road, Hong Kong, where the
other exiles lived.

Explanation of the Flag

- The blue field stands for common unity and the noble desires of the Filipino people.
- The white triangle with equal sides of the flag is symbolic of equality among men.
- The white field stands for purity.
- The sun stands for the gigantic strides that have been made by the Sons of the land on
the road to progress and civilization.
- The eight rays of the sun in the triangle represent the first eight united provinces that
revolted for independence - Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Manila, Nueva Ecija,
Pampanga and Tarlac.
- The three stars in the triangle stand for the three major geographical divisions of the
country which are Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao.
- The red field symbolizes the eagerness of the Filipino people to shed blood in defense
for their country.

Republic Act No. 8491

AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE CODE OF THE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM, MOTTO,
COAT-OF-ARMS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES OF THE PHILIPPINES

Section 1. Short title. — This Act shall be known as the “Flag and Heraldic Code of the
Philippines.”

The Good Citizen Values

The National Motto
Pagkamaka-Diyos
a. Faith in the Almighty
b. Respect for Life
 c. Order
d. Work
e. Concern for the Family
and Future Generations
Pagkamaka-Tao
a. Love
b. Freedom
c. Peace
d. Truth
e. Justice
Pagkamaka-Bayan
a. Unity
b. Equality
c. Respect for Law and Government
d. Patriotism
e. Promotion of the Common Good
Pagkamaka-Kalikasan
a. Concern for the Environment

Republic Act No. 9418

AN ACT INSTITUTIONALIZING A STRATEGY FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT,
STRENGTHENING VOLUNTEERISM AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

SECTION 1. Title. - This Act shall be known and cited as the "Volunteer Act of 2007".

SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to promote the participation of
the various sectors of the Filipino society, and as necessary, international and foreign volunteer
organizations in public and civic affairs, and adopt and strengthen the practice of volunteerism
as a strategy in order to attain national development and international understanding. The
inculcation of volunteerism as a way of life shall rekindle in every Filipino the time-honored
tradition of bayanihan to foster social justice, solidarity and sustainable development.

Terms:
Volunteerism
Volunteer
Volunteer Service Organization
Voluntary Sectors

Benefits of Volunteerism to Volunteers

- Appreciation of teamwork
- Development of various skills
- Chance for international exposure
- Opportunity to help others, feel involved, and feel better
- Opportunity to make a difference and realizing personal purposes

Forms of Volunteerism in Various Sectors

- By Academic Sector
- By Corporate Sector
- By Not-for-Profit Organization
- By Foreign Volunteer Organization