Name: _________________________________ Grade Level & Section: _________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________

Pasay-M9–Q2–W1-D3

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
Second Quarter/ Week 1/ Day 3

OBJECTIVE: Translates into variation statement a relationship between two quantities given by:
(a) table of values, and (b) mathematical equation.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

In this module, students will be able to translates into statements the relationships between
two quantities and write equation of variation describing the relation. They will translate
statements through given examples.

TRY TO DISCOVER!
Activity 1: Engage!
1. A motorist drives along the North Luzon Expressway at a constant speed of 80 kilometers
per hour. How far will he go in 2 hours? In 5 hours? In 3 ½ hours? In t hours?
The distance traveled by the motorist and the period of time spent are shown in the table
below.
Time 1 2 3 3½ 5 t
(In hours)
Distance 80 2(80) =160 3(80)=240 3½(80) = 280 5(80)=400 80t
(in km)
What is the relationship exist between the distance traveled and the period of time
spent? (answer: as the number of time spent in travelling increases, the farther the distance the motorist
reaches)
2. Consider a rectangle whose area is 36 𝑐𝑚2 . If the rectangle has a width (𝑤) of 2 cm, then
its length (𝑙) is 18 cm. What happens to the length when the width is increased to 3 cm? 4 cm?
The table below shows some pairs of values of the length and width of the rectangle.
Width (𝑤) 2 3 4 5
Length (𝑙) 18 12 9 7.2
Area (𝐴) 36 36 36 36
What relationship exist between the length and the width of the rectangle?
(answer: as the measure of the width increases, the measure of the length decreases)

Take Note!

There is a direct variation whenever a situation produces pairs of numbers in which their
ratio is constant.
The statements:
“y varies directly as x”
Name: _________________________________ Grade Level & Section: _________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

“y is directly proportional to x”
“y is proportional to x”
may be translated mathematically as 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥, where 𝑘 is the constant of variation.
For two quantities, 𝑥 and 𝑦, an increase in x causes an increase in y as well. Similarly,
a decrease in x causes a decrease in y.
On the other hand, if the situation produces pairs of numbers whose product is constant,
it is an inverse variation.
𝑘
The statement, “y varies inversely as x” may be translated mathematically as 𝑦 = 𝑥 ,

where 𝑘 is the proportionality constant or constant of variation.

For two quantities, 𝑥 and 𝑦, an increase in x causes decrease in y. Similarly, a
decrease in x causes an increase in y.

THINK about IT!

In Activity 1.1. Notice that the longer the time, the farther the distance. We can say that the
distance (d) varies directly as the time (t).
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 80 160 240 280 80𝑡
= = = = = = 80
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 1 2 3 1 𝑡
32

This shows that the ratio of any specific pair of corresponding values of distance to time
is constant.
This relationship between distance and time can be stated as: “The distance travelled is
directly proportional to time”. In symbols, 𝑑 = 𝑘𝑡, where 𝑑 is the distance traveled, 𝑡 is the time
and 𝑘 is the constant of variation. Note that the value of 𝑘 is 80. Thus, 𝒅 = 𝟖𝟎𝒕.
In Activity 1.2 Note that as the width increases, the length decreases.
This relationship is an inverse variation.
We might say that, ”the length is inversely proportional to its width”,
𝑘
In symbols, 𝑙 = , where 𝑙 is the length and 𝑤 is the width and 𝑘 is the constant.
𝑤

Example 1. The table below shows that the distance traveled by Ronin with his bicycle.

Time (hr) 1 2 3 4 5

Distance (km) 10 20 30 40 50

Questions:
1. How far did Ronin travel in 6 hours?
2. What is the constant of variation?
3. How do the distance and the time affect each other?
4. Write a variation statement and its equivalent mathematical equation that
describe the two quantities.
Name: _________________________________ Grade Level & Section: _________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

Answers:
1. 60 km
2. 10
3. as the time spent increases, the distance also increases.
4. The distance (d) varies directly as the time (t), d = kt (d = 10t).
Example 2. Ana lives 40 km away from the office of ABC Corporation where she works. Driving
a car, the time it takes her to reach work depends on her average speed. Some possible speeds
and the length of time it takes her are as follows:

Time in hours 1 4 2 4 1
5 3 7 2

Speed in kph 40 50 60 70 80

Questions:
1. What is the constant of variation?
2. How do the speed and time travel affect each other?
3. Write a variation statement and mathematical equation to represent the
relation.
Answers:
1. 40
2. As the speed increases, the time decreases.
𝐤 𝟒𝟎
3. The speed (s) varies inversely as the time (t), 𝐬 = 𝐭 (𝒔 = 𝒕
)

PRACTICE EXERCISES 1
Activity 2: TRY THIS!

A delivery boy earns P30 a day for selling newspaper. The table below shows his
earnings on specific number of days.

Day 1 2 7 10

Earnings 30 60 210 300

Questions:
1. What is the earning of the delivery boy on the third day?
2. What is the constant of variation?
3. How do the quantities affect each other?
4.Write a variation statement describing the relationship of the number of days
and his earnings.
5. Write a mathematical equation of variation that describe the relation.
Name: _________________________________ Grade Level & Section: _________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

PRACTICE EXERCISES 2

Activity 3: I CAN DO THIS!

A laborer can finish a job in 3 days. If 2 more laborers, who can do the same job
at the same rate, join him, they can finish the job in 1 day. If 1 more laborer who can finish the
work at the same rate, joins the other 3, how many hours would it take them to finish the job?
The table below shows the number of laborers and the day they can finish the job:

No. of 1 3 4 6
Laborer(s)

Day 3 1 x 1/2

Questions:
1. What relationship exist between the number of laborers and the number of
days they can finish the job?
2. What is the constant of variation?
3. Write a variation statement describing the two quantities.
4. Write a mathematical equation describing the two quantities.
5. How many hours can the 4 laborers finish the job?

Let’s Sum it up!

In translating variation statement, we need to analyze if the relationship being described is direct
or inverse variation.
Direct variation is described by an increase in x causes an increase in y as well.
Similarly, a decrease in x causes a decrease in y. In mathematical symbols, 𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙.
𝒌
Inverse Variation is described by an increase in x causes decrease in y. Thus, 𝒚 = 𝒙

PRACTICE EXERCISES 3

Activity 4: Let’s Translate!

Express each of the following statements as an equation. Use k to represent the constant of
variation.
1. The cost (c) of chicken varies directly as its weight (w).
2. The circumference (C) of a circle is directly proportional as the length of its diameter (d).
3. The income (I) if a worker earnings (p) pesos per hour varies directly as the number of hours
he works.
4. The number of pizza slices (p) varies inversely as the number of persons (n) sharing a whole
pizza.
5. The cost (c) per person of renting a private resort varies inversely as the number (n) of
persons sharing the cost.

THOUGHTS TO PONDER!
 How do these concepts of variations help us analyze different situations in our daily life?
___________________________________________________________________
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Name: _________________________________ Grade Level & Section: _________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:

1. Communication Skills 2. Collaboration 4. Critical thinking
a. Following instructions/directions. 3. Character a. Analysis
b. Reasoning a. Discipline b. Observation
c. Responding to ideas b. Motivation
EVALUATION!
Activity 5: It’s Your Turn!
A. Write an equation for the following statements.
1. The fare (F) of a passenger varies directly as the distance (d) of his destination.
2. The cost (C) of fish is directly proportional as its weight (w) in kilograms.
3. The employee’s salary (S) is proportional to the number of days (d) he has worked.
4. The acceleration (a) of a car is inversely proportional to its mass (m)
5. The mass (m) of an object varies inversely as the acceleration due to gravity (g).
B. Write a variation statement for each table below, find the constant of variation and mathematical
equation that defines the relation.
6.
x 1 2 3 4
y 3 6 9 12
7.
x 28 21 14 7
y 12 9 6 3
8.
x 12 18 24 30
y 6 9 12 15
9.
x 2 4 6 8
y 36 18 12 9
10.
x 3 6 9 12
y 2 1 2/3 ½

Prepared by:

Richard Joseph S. Deseo

Kalayaan National High School

References for Further Enhancement:

1.) Books: Books: Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera pages 115-118
2.) Books: Grade 9 Mathematics Learners Material: DepEd Materials pages 197-200,206-210