Sustainable Development Goals:

First, we need to understand what is SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:

According to the Cambridge University Press, Sustainability entails

addressing our own demands without jeopardizing future generations'
ability to meet their own ([ CITATION Cam21 \l 1033 ].
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a template for a better
and more sustainable future for everyone. Poverty, inequality, climate
change, environmental degradation, peace, and justice are among the
worldwide concerns they tackle.
Let`s start by looking at Sustainable development goal number 1, before diving into that…due to
limited time we will be brief, however at the end of our presentation, links and documents will
be provided for you to do your in depth reading.

With that being said, GOAL 1: No POVERTY, that is ending poverty in all
its form everywhere.
With over 700 million people, or 10% of the global population, lived in
extreme poverty in 2015, unable to meet even the most basic
necessities such as health, education, and access to water and
sanitation, to mention a few. The COVID-19 outbreak, on the other
hand, is undoing the trend of poverty reduction, with tens of millions of
people at risk of being driven back into extreme poverty (those living on
less than $1.90 per day), resulting in the first increase in global poverty
in over 20 years. Just before COVID-19, baseline forecasts projected
that 6% of the world's population will still be living in extreme poverty
in 2030, falling short of the goal of eliminating poverty. Having a job
does not promise a decent living for people who work. In 2018, 8% of
employed people and their families lived in extreme poverty around
the world. One out of every five youngsters is living below the poverty
line. To lift people out of poverty, it is vital to ensure social protection
for all children and other vulnerable populations.
SOCIAL PROTECTION IMPORTANCE: For people all across the world, the
COVID-19 epidemic will have both immediate and long-term economic
impacts. For minimizing the effects and preventing many individuals
from sliding into poverty, strong social safety measures are required.
Nonetheless, in 2016, 55 percent of the world's population - almost 4
billion people – did not have access to any type of social safety.
Unemployment benefits were only available to 22% of unemployed
workers.
QUESTION : can you elaborate on the role social protection plays here?
GOAL 2: ZERO HUNGER (Ending hunger, ensuring food security and
improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture are all
goals.)

GOAL 3: GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEING

GOAL 4: QUALITY EDUCATION
Sustainable development goal #1 - no poverty. Poverty is linked to a lack of adequate
money and resources to support a stable lifestyle. Hunger and malnutrition, restricted access to
education and other basic services, social prejudice and marginalization, and a lack of
participation in decision-making are examples of its expressions. To create long-term jobs and
promote equality, economic growth must be inclusive. And Goal 1 concentrates on that, which is
eradicating poverty through a system of linked methods, such as the promotion of social security
systems, good jobs, and poor people's resilience[ CITATION Uni17 \l 1033 ].
According to the Agenda for Sustainable Development, by 2030, goal 1 aims to achieve
the following:
- End extreme poverty for all humans everywhere, which is currently defined as those who
live on less than $1.25 a day (that is $209.24 when converted to Guyanese dollar)
- Lower the number of men, women, and children of all ages living in poverty in all of its
aspects, as defined by national definitions, by at least half.
 - Create nationwide suitable social protection systems and measures for all, including
floors, by 2030, and ensure that the destitute and vulnerable are adequately protected.
- Ensure that all men and women, particularly the poor and vulnerable, have equitable
access to economic opportunities, includes access to basic services, land ownership and
control, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technologies, and financial
institutions, including microfinance.
- To encourage rapid investment in poverty eradication efforts, build effective policy
frameworks at the national, regional, and international levels, based on pro-poor and
gender-sensitive development policies.
Based on the report published by the United Nations in 2017, there are proof that this
development program was showing progress. The COVID-19 outbreak, on the other hand, is
undoing the trend of poverty reduction, with tens of millions of people at risk of being driven
back into extreme poverty), resulting in the first increase in global poverty in over 20 years. Just
before COVID-19, baseline forecasts projected that 6% of the world's population will still be
living in extreme poverty in 2030, falling short of the goal of eliminating poverty. Having a job
does not promise a decent living for people who work. In 2018, 8% of employed people and their
families lived in extreme poverty around the world. One out of every five youngsters are living
below the poverty line (United Nations, 2020).
We can work along with our governments to accomplish this goal. How? Our active
participation in policymaking can make a difference in the fight against poverty. It guarantees
that your rights are protected and that your voice is heard, that generational knowledge is shared,
and that creativity and critical thinking are encouraged at all ages to help people's lives and
communities change for the better. Governments can assist in the creation of an enabling
environment for the poor and marginalized to develop meaningful jobs and job prospects. The
private sector has a critical role in determining whether the growth it generates is inclusive and
helps to alleviate poverty. It has the potential to increase disadvantaged people's economic
options. Technology has made a big contribution to fighting poverty. It has, for example,
increased access to safe drinking water, reduced fatalities from water-borne ailments, and
improved hygiene to reduce health risks associated with contaminated water and poor sanitation.
 AIM TARGETS

WHAT
CAN WE IMPORTANCE
DO?

Sustainable Development Goal 2- zero hunger. The aim is to end hunger, achieve food
security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. Extreme food insecurity
continues to be an obstacle to long-term development and a trap from which people are unable to
easily escape. Hunger and malnutrition lead to more people who are less productive, more prone
to disease, and so unable to earn more and improve their lives.
According to the Agenda for Sustainable Development, by 2030, goal 2 aims to achieve
the following:
- End hunger and ensure that all people, especially the poor and those in vulnerable
positions, including infants, have access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food throughout
the year.kkkkkkk
- End all kinds of malnutrition, including meeting internationally agreed targets on stunting
and wasting in children under the age of five by 2025, and addressing the nutritional
needs of teenage girls, pregnant and lactating women, and the elderly.
- double the agricultural efficiency and earnings of small-scale food producers, especially
women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists, and fishing communities, by
providing secure and equal rights to land, other productive resources and inputs,
knowledge, financial services, markets, and opportunities for value addition and non-
farm employment.
- incorporate resilient agricultural strategies that promote productivity and production, help
to maintain ecosystems, strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme
weather, drought, flooding, and other disasters, and gradually improve land and soil
quality to ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agro -
based practices that increase productivity and production, help maintain ecosystems, and
 gradually improve land and soil quality to ensure sustainable food production systems
and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production,
help maintain ecosystems, strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme
weather, drought, flooding
- Maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants, farmed and domesticated
animals, and their related wild species, including through well-managed and diverse seed
and plant banks at national, regional, and international levels, and promote access to and
equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources and associated
traditional knowledge, as agreed upon internationally.
- Increase investment in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services,
technology development, and plant and livestock gene banks, including through enhanced
international cooperation, to improve agricultural productive capacity in developing
countries, particularly least developed countries.
- Correct and avoid trade barriers and distortions in global agricultural markets, especially
by eliminating all types of agricultural export subsidies and any export measures having
equal impact, in compliance with the Doha Development Round's mission.
In the world, 2 billion people do not have daily access to safe, nutritious, and adequate food.
Like poverty, the pandemic poses a threat to food systems too. Food scarcity and high food
prices have been worsened by civil unrest and diminishing food output. Agriculture investment is
crucial for decreasing hunger and poverty, enhancing food security, creating jobs, and increasing
disaster and shock resistance.
Food security necessitates a multi-faceted strategy, ranging from social protection to provide
safe and nutritious food, particularly for children, through food system transformation to create a
more inclusive and sustainable society. Investments in rural and urban regions, as well as social
protection, will be required to ensure that impoverished people have access to food and may
improve their living conditions.
Sustainable development goal 3- Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at
all ages. Building flourishing communities requires ensuring healthy lives and encouraging well-
being. Sustainable development requires ensuring healthy lifestyles and encouraging well-being
for all people of all ages. Life expectancy has increased significantly, and some of the frequent
killers related with child and maternal mortality have been reduced significantly.
There has been significant success in improving access to safe drinking water and sanitation, as
well as lowering malaria, TB, polio, and the spread of HIV/AIDS. However, much more work is
required to completely eradicate a wide variety of illnesses and to treat a large range of chronic
and new health challenges. (United Nations, 2020).
According to the Agenda for Sustainable Development, by 2030, goal 3 aims to achieve the
following:
- minimize infant deaths to fewer than 70 per 100,000 live births globally
 - End avoidable deaths of infants and children under the age of five, with all nations
aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to
25 per 1,000 live births.
- End AIDS, TB, malaria, and other neglected tropical illnesses epidemics, as well as
hepatitis, water-borne infections, and other infectious diseases.
- Reduce premature mortality from noncommunicable illnesses by one-third via prevention
and treatment, while also promoting mental health and well-being.
- Strengthen substance abuse prevention and treatment, especially narcotic drug misuse
and hazardous alcohol use.
- reduce the number of people killed or injured in road traffic accidents throughout the
world
- Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including family
planning, information, and education, as well as the inclusion of reproductive health in
national policies and programs.
- Reduce the number of fatalities and diseases caused by hazardous substances, as well as
pollution and contamination of the air, water, and soil.
- Strengthen the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control's
implementation in all nations, if needed.
- Increase health finance and health personnel recruitment, development, training, and
retention in developing nations, particularly in least developed countries and small island
developing states.
- Enhance all nations' ability for early warning, risk reduction, and management of national
and global health concerns, particularly in poor countries.
Based on the report published by the United Nations in 2017, Progress in many health areas,
such as reducing maternal and child mortality, increasing immunization coverage, and reducing
some infectious diseases, is still being made, but the rate of improvement has slowed,
particularly during COVID-19, which is overwhelming global health systems and jeopardizing
already-achieved health outcomes.
It takes a tremendous commitment to ensure that everyone lives a healthy life, but the advantages
far outweigh the costs. People who are healthy are the cornerstone for a strong economy.
Immunization is one of the most effective and cost-efficient health treatments in the world.
You may begin by promoting and safeguarding your own and others' health by making well-
informed decisions, practicing safe sex, and having your children vaccinated.
You may promote community awareness on the significance of good health, healthy lifestyles,
and people's right to adequate health care, particularly for the most vulnerable, such as women
and children.
You may also hold your government, local leaders, and other decisionmakers responsible for
their promises to enhance people's health and access to healthcare.
 Sustainable development goal 4- Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and
promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. Education is a key to escape poverty and enabling
upward social mobility. Education aids in the reduction of inequities and the attainment of
gender equality, as well as the promotion of tolerance and more peaceful society.
According to the Agenda for Sustainable Development, by 2030, goal 4 aims to achieve
the following:
- Ensure that all girls and boys get a free, equitable, and high-quality primary and
secondary education that leads to meaningful and effective learning outcomes.
- Ensure that all girls and boys have access to high-quality early childhood development,
care, and pre-primary education in order to prepare them for primary school.
- Ensure that all women and men have equitable access to cheap and high-quality
technical, vocational, and tertiary education, including university education.
- Increase the number of young people and adults with necessary skills, such as technical
and vocational skills, for employment, decent work, and entrepreneurship.
- erase gender gaps in education and ensuring that the most disadvantaged, such as those
with disabilities, indigenous peoples, and children in precarious settings, have equitable
access to all levels of education and vocational training.
- Ensure that all young people and a significant percentage of adults, including men and
women, are literate and numerate.
- ensure that all learners gain the knowledge and skills necessary to promote sustainable
development, such as through education for sustainable development and sustainable
lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and
nonviolence, global citizenship, and appreciation of cultural diversity and culture's
contribution to sustainable development, among other things.
- Build and update education facilities that are attentive to children, disabilities, and
gender, and provide safe, nonviolent, inclusive, and effective learning environments for
all.
- Increase the number of scholarships available to developing countries, particularly the
least developed countries, small island developing states, and African countries, for
enrolment in higher education, including vocational training and information and
communications technology, technical, engineering, and scientific programs, in
developed and developing countries around the world.
- Increase the supply of skilled teachers, notably through international collaboration in
teacher education in developing nations, particularly in the least developed countries and
small island developing states.
Also, in the same 2017 report it states, the global primary school completion rate increased to 84
percent in 2018, up from 70 percent in 2000, and is predicted to reach 89 percent by 2030 if
present trends continue. Around seven out of ten children aged three and four were
developmentally on track in at least three of the following domains: literacy-numeracy, physical
development, social-emotional development, and learning across 74 countries with comparable
data from 2011 to 2019. In 2018, the global adult literacy rate (those aged 15 and above) was
86%, while the youth literacy rate (15 to 24 years) was 92%. As the COVID-19 epidemic spread
over the world, countries declared temporary school closures, affecting more than 91% of
children globally. Close to 1.6 billion children and teens were out of school by April 2020.

References
CambridgeUniversityPress. (2021, November 23). Sustainable. Retrieved from Cambrige English
Dictionary : https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/sustainable

Shah, S. (2020). Development: Meaning and Concept of Development. Retrieved from Sociology
Discussion: https://www.sociologydiscussion.com/society/development-meaning-and-concept-
of-development/688

United_Nations. (2017). The Sustainable Development Goals Report. Retrieved from UN Stats :
https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/files/report/2017/TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsReport2017.pd
f

United_Nations. (2020). NO POVERTY: Why it Matters? Retrieved from UN- Sustainable Development:
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/1_Why-It-Matters-
2020.pdf

United_Nations. (2020). ZERO hunger: Why it Matters? Retrieved from UN- Sustainable Development:

https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/2_Why-It-Matters-
2020.pdf

United_Nations. (2020). GOAL 3: Why it Matters? Retrieved from UN- Sustainable Development:

https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/3_Why-It-Matters-
2020.pdf

United_Nations. (2020). GOAL 4: Why it Matters? Retrieved from UN- Sustainable Development:

https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/4_Why-It-Matters-
2020.pdf

Questions for class:

What is the role of Social protection in Goals 1 and 2?

.
Social protection is critical to accelerate progress, )or we can say it is the
catalyst) toward the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and ensure
that no one is left behind. National programs to foster human
development, political stability, and inclusive growth all include social
protection as a major component.
I agree with you,and to add. In Article 22 of the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights states “Everyone, as a member of society, has the right
to social security” .For people all across the world, the COVID-19
epidemic will have both immediate and long-term economic impacts.
For minimizing the effects and preventing many individuals from sliding
into poverty, strong social safety measures are required.
How do you think social policy plays a role in these sustainable
development goals?
Because it is fundamentally a cross-cutting exercise, social policy, which
is a collective intervention in the economy aimed at improving access to
adequate and secure livelihoods, income, and social services, can be a
crucial building block in developing an integrated strategy for
sustainable development. Its numerous roles bring together economic
and social concerns: the creation of products and services, security from
fear and lack, care for the weak and dependent, wealth and income
redistribution, and social cohesion, all of which are vital to achieving the
society we desire.
That so true. And Like I mentioned before: 2030 Agenda seeks to strengthen the
social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development
At the national, regional, and global levels, implementing the 2030
Agenda demands a more comprehensive, coherent, and integrated
strategy. Inter-linkages within the social sector, as well as between the
social, economic, and environmental elements of sustainable
development, must be addressed in policies to execute the 2030 Agenda.
Similarly, existing organizations or institutional mechanisms operating
in the field of social development (we spoke about 1 that is the social
protection) they will need to alter or expand their scope of operation to
fit the SDGs' new objectives. In other words, through integrating social
policy/perspectives into broader and more complex policy-making
processes, and vice versa, incorporating economic and environmental
perspectives into social policy-making.

The COVID-19 pandemic

will have both immediate
and long-term economic
consequences for people
across the globe. Strong
social protection systems
are essential for mitigating
the effects and preventing
many people from falling
into poverty. Nevertheless,
55 per cent of the world’s
population – about 4 billion people – did not benefit from any form of social
protection in 2016. Only
22 per cent of unemployed
workers were covered by
unemployment benefits.