Pascual, Marc Allen A.

BSTM 1C

nit Title: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ART

Title of the Lesson: Art History Timeline
Duration: 2 weeks
Introduction:
You might wonder when art started. Is it as old as human beings? When we speak of art
history, we speak of when art first evolved and its wide view on the beginning of human
creativity and its development in many different parts of the world. Like in any history
subject, you might be tempted to get confused in art history with unending successions,
names, dates, images and movements but worry not because this module will surprise
you with the glimpse of the story of art from the dawn of human history to the present
day.
Traces of art history correlates on the entire history of humankind, from prehistoric to the
twenty-first century. Human history and the history of art began about 10,000 B.C. Visual
representation was essential to people of the prehistoric era. Other artistic endeavors of
early human had to shape tools with form and function. The earliest evidence of tool
making was two million years ago and improved during the Palaeolithic period (40,000 to
8,000 B.C.) (Dissanayake, 1988).
Stone Age cave dwellers were artists who represents animals with which they came into
daily contact in their cave paintings. In the prehistoric period, ways of life and the quality
of life was greatly influenced by art. The arts help explain meaning, truth, spirit, social
values, religion, and other foundations of human culture (Anderson, 1995).
In early history, the arts were not viewed as separate disciplines, such as dance,
painting, and music, but rather as integrated with each other and with life. The arts were
objects and performance combined with rituals and customs that identified the beliefs
and values of a society’s culture (Anderson, 1995). Thus, art from all historical periods
reveals insights about man’s thoughts, his imagination, and his perceptions of the world.
Objectives
❖ Identify the aesthetic beauty of major period of arts around the globe.
❖ Differentiate the different major period of arts
❖ List different famous arts around the globe
❖ Develop and create exceptional arts based on the major of arts
❖ Analyze the impact of history of arts in our arts today
Pre-Test
Challenge yourself!
Task I
Note: Hi students, kindly challenge yourself by answering this pre-test by not looking
and finding the answers from this module.
I. Answer the following questions. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the
box.

a. pre-historic period e. mannerism g. baroque period b. dadaism d.

romanticism h. impressionism

D 1. These arts embraced the struggles for freedom and equality and the
promotion of justice.
A 2. These arts are in the form of engravings, rock carvings, sculptures, pictorial
imagery, and stone arrangements.
G 3. Artists in this era followed suit by reviving Renaissance ideals of beauty,
infusing into the era's artwork, music, and architecture.
H 4. These arts can be considered as the first distinctly modern movement in
painting.
E 5. Artists in these arts emerged from the ideals of Michelangelo, Raphael, and
other Late Renaissance artists, but their focus on style and technique
outweighed the meaning of the subject matter.

II. Write true if the statement is correct and false if it is not.

False 6. Vincent Van Gogh is an artist from Neo-classicism period.
True 7. Realism is known as the first modern movement in art, which disallowed out-
dated methods of art
True 8. Rococo started in Paris, this is about stylish painting, decorative art,
architecture, and sculpture.
True 9. Jackson Pollock was known for his unique style of drip painting and he is an
artist from abstract expressionism period.
True10. Art was now meant to come forth from within the artist was established in
impressionism period.
Lesson Proper
A. Activity

Task 2: INTERNATIONAL MUSEUM JOURNEY. Visit any of the following

international museums and galleries like Muśee du Louve in Paris France, British
Museum in London, Smithsonan Institute in Washington D.C., Hermitage Museum
in St. Petersberg Russia, Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, Uffizi
Galerry in Florence Italy, Museo del Prado in Madrid Spain, Vatican Museum at
Vatican, National Archeological Museum in Athens and Rijksmuseum in 118
Amsterdam Netherlands.
*You can visit any of these museums and galleries on YouTube with source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0wRme2HT9. You can visit other
international museum and galleries on YouTube.
 Once you have finished your tour, kindly write your perspective on how the arts in
the world change over the years.

Art has evolved in a variety of ways over the centuries. It all started with animal
cave drawings in France. It then progressed to shaping chubby women. It was
also employed for religious images hundreds of years later. Today's art consists
of simplistic one-color canvases. Art has evolved in various ways, yet others
argue that it has deteriorated into something that is no longer considered art.

Altamira was the site of the first cave paintings discovered in 1879. These
paintings were initially dismissed as "too good." Then, in 1940, four boys and a
dog named "Robot-" were playing in Lascaux, France. When the lads recovered
Robot from a hole in the earth, they discovered approximately 110 caves with
over 2000 animal paintings within. These were painted before agriculture and
domesticated animals, during the Upper Paleolithic epoch. There were other
sorts of art in this age besides cave paintings, such as sculptures of animals

B. Analysis

Think about it!

Task 3. Since you already have a background and write your own perspectives
about the art history timeline, kindly answer these question for further
understanding.

What image or subject in every artwork from the art history that dominates the
world? What are the most influential images from generation to generation?
Why?

As a result, it might be presented as a tale of high culture, exemplified by

the Seven Wonders of the World. On the other hand, vernacular art
manifestations, often known as folk arts or craft, can be incorporated into
art historical narratives.

What significant role does museums and galleries served in promoting arts
throughout the generations?

The traditional role of museums is to collect objects and materials of cultural,

religious and historical importance, preserve them, research into them and
present them to the public for the purpose of education and enjoyment.

C. Abstraction
Let us take a look at this table which briefly outlines the art periods / movements,
characteristics and example of artworks that make up major art period and how art
evolved to present day.
Art Periods Characteristics Chief Artist
/Movement and Major
Artworks
Paleolithic Art -Is consists of realistic images of large animals, most Cave Paintings
Stone Age of which are known from fossil evidence to have Altamira, Spain
40,000 – 8,000 BCE lived in the area
-Humans were hunter-gatherers– day revolved
around food
- Portable art- could take with them
- Stationary art- cave walls
- Art was about food and fertility

Mesolithic Art or -This was a period when humans developed new Lamp with Ibex
Middle Stone Age techniques of stone working. Design
40,000 – 8,000 -Painting became utilitarian and was created with a (Engraved ston
BCE purpose for use La Mouthe
Cave,
Dordogne,
France

Neolithic Art or -Along with development in agriculture, this period -Stonehenge

New Stone Age was also marked by the use of refined weapons and -Jericho (Great
8,000 – 1,500 BCE tools - Man learned many new things, which Stone Tower)
included using new tools for sculpting, creating
pottery, painting etc.

Egyptian Art -The Egyptians were interested mainly in Imhotep, Step

5,000 B.C.- 300 A.D. architecture and sculpture. Pyramid, Great
-Many of their paintings, particularly those that Pyramids, Bust
decorated their tombs, they gave drawing of Nefertiti
precedence over color.
-Much Egyptian painting, therefore, was done for the
sake of the dead.

Greek Art -The art of the ancient Greeks and Romans is called Parthenon,
1700-1400 . classical art Myron, Phidias,
-They had learned to represent the human form Polykleitos,
naturally and easily, in action or at rest. Praxiteles

-They were interested chiefly in portraying gods,

therefore, they portray ideal beauty rather than any
`particular person

Roman Art -Known for their architecture and engineering rather Augustus of
1700-1400 . than art such as painting, pottery, and sculpture Primaporta,
 -Strong desire for realism Colosseum,
-Practical and utilitarian Trajan’s
-Colossal to show Roman power Column,
Pantheon

Asian Art -Chinese, Japanese, Indian Gu Kaizhi, Li

653 b.c-1900 a.d -Oldest and continuous kind of art– traditional Cheng, Guo Xi,
-Painting, sculpture, pottery, decorative arts Hokusai, Hiroshige
-Ceramic factories showed wealth and power of
emperors (still have today)
-Serene, meditative art; Nature
-Ink on silk or paper

Christian and -The themes were about soul, not the beauty of the The small private
Medieval Art body of Greeks and Romans. Wilton Diptych for
313 - -Art was symbolic, more on Christianity Richard II of
1,420 -Earliest Christian art found are in England, c. 1400,
AD catacombs -The mosaics are reflective with stamped gold
backgrounds and
much ultramarine.

Byzantine -The Eastern Rome Hagia Sophia,

A.D.476-1853 -More abstract & symbolic than Roman art Andrei Rublev,
-Long, Narrow, Solemn faces– Bodies faced Mosque of
front -Religion- icon image of Jesus Christ Córdoba, the
-Dedication of Constantinople- capitol city, ruled by Alhambra.
Constantine

Islamic -Architecture, calligraphy, painting, glass, ceramics, Scene from the

a.d. 476-1453 textiles (rugs) Khamsa of
-Maze-like designs, repeating elements- Nizami, Persia
arabesques - Infinite and indivisible nature of God

Middle Ages and -Also known as the Dark Ages: decrease in St. Sernin,
Gothic Art prosperity, stability, and population Durham
500-1400 -Art was associated with churches because it was Cathedral, Notre
costly, so almost all art was religious Dame, Chartres,
-Gothic art: brighter colors, sculptures, realism, Cimabue,
naturalism, stained glass, symmetry Duccio, Giotto

Renaissance Art -Rebirth Monalisa

1400-1550 -The quest for precision and greater realism (Leonardo)
culminated in the superb balance and harmony La Pieta
-Leonardo, Raphael, Michaelangelo and (Michaelangelo)
Donatelo -Naturalism, 3D, realism The Sistine
-Anatomy & human emotion Madonna
(Raphael)

Baroque and -It happened because of religious supremacy Reubens,

Rococo 1600-1750 -Catholic Church criticized against the conservative Rembrandt,
Protestant Reformation Caravaggio,
-Artists revived the Renaissance ideals of Palace of
 exquisiteness, integrating into the era's artworks. Versailles

-This highly embellished forms and techniques by its

advanced details and styles.
Rococo started in Paris,
-This is about stylish painting, decorative art,
architecture, and sculpture.
-It is considered by lightness and sophistication,
concentrating on the use of asymmetrical design,
natural forms, and subtle colors.

Neo Classicism It is generally about a high respect for classical David, 1801.
and Romanticism antiquity, Napoleon
1750– 1850 -It naturally pursues to be restrained and formal. -A Crossing The
sudden rushing of rhythmic movement a violent Alps
prominence would have ruined those completeness
and qualities of balance
-This era also creates a wide acceptance in different
styles.

Realism -It is known as the first modern movement in art. Jean-François

1848–1900 -Realist painters changed the unwavering images Millet, “The
and literary vanities of traditional art with real-life Gleaners” (1857)
events for the reason
-Working in a chaotic era which manifested by revolt
and extensive social change,
-Their styles is to brought everyday life into their
paintings was an initial appearance of the avant-
garde yearning to unite art and life.

19th Century Art -Began in Paris by a group of artists Monet, Manet,

Impressionism -Name comes from Monet’s painting, “Impression Renoir, Pissarro,
1865- 1885 Sunrise” Cassatt, Morisot,
- Studio painting in itself was unnatural to them when Degas
MODERN ART the real world was “out there”. So it was there that
PERIOD 1860s they painted, outside, seeking to capture the fleeting
to the 1970 effects of the light and to give the real impression of
a passing moment

Post - -Continued impressionist style, but emphasized Van Gogh,

Impressionism geometric forms Gauguin,
1885-1910 -Exaggerated an aspect of impressionism Cézanne, Seurat
-Impasto- thick application of paint– shows off
20th CENTURY texture and paint marks
ART 1990- 1990 -soft revolt against impressionism movement

Fauvism 1900- -first movement of this modern, in which color rule Matisse,
1935 supreme Kirchner,
- Harsh colors and flat surfaces, emotion distorting Kandinsky, Marc
form.
Expressionism -It proclaimed innovative ideals in the creation, The Scream
1905-1920 formation and judgment of art. Edvard Munch
-Art was base from within the artist,
-The standard for evaluating the excellence of a
work of art became the characteristic of the artist's

Cubism, Futurism -It started in the outcome of Pablo Picasso's Picasso,

and shocking -This era is a rapid research and Braque, Leger,
Constructivism experimentation between Pablo Picasso and Boccioni,
1907-1914 Georges Braque. - Pre– and Post–World War 1 art Severini,
experiments: new forms to express modern life Malevich

Dadaism 1915 -Dada was the main ancestor to the Conceptual Art Fountain
movement, Marcel
-The emphasis of the artists was not on making Duchamp
appealingly attractive objects
-It produces tough interrogations about society.

Surrealism 1917- -Automatisms permitted artists to decline conscious Dalí, Ernst,

1950 thought and hold chance when making art. Magritte, de
-Supressed inner worlds of desire, sexuality, and Chirico, Kahlo
violence gave a hypothetical origin for much of
Surrealism

Abstract - Post–World War II: pure abstraction and Gorky, Pollock,

Expressionism expression without form; popular art absorbs de Kooning,
(1940s–1950s) consumerism Rothko, Warhol,
and Pop Art Lichtenstein
(1960s)

Postmodernism - Art without a center and reworking and mixing past Gerhard
and styles Richter, Cindy
Deconstructivism Sherman,
(1970 ) Anselm Kiefer,
Frank Gehry,
Zaha Hadid

Other 20th -adventurous freedom

Century Art -explosion of creativity and expression
Minimalism , -broad spectrum of intention and experience
Post
Minimalism ,
Installation Art,
Hyperrealism,
Conceptual art ,
Sound art and more

20th -21st -art of today -digital art

Century Art or - started in the second half of @0th century or in the -electronic art
Contemporary Art 21st century -computer art
-technologically influenced arts -New media art
-very lack in uniform, organising principle, and -computer
ideology. -concern with cultural identity, personal, graphics and
family, community and nationality more

Task 4: To enjoy a high visual experience, you can watch this video presentation on
YouTube to see the different example artworks from different timeline. Full Art History
timeline. Source: wmv- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-LUhRf4yhE
D. Application
Task 5: Create a horizontal timeline of lists of other examples of arts in different
period. If you are not satisfied with your working sheet, you can use other sheet
of paper for this activity to be attached in this module during submission period.
Be creative!
Post-Test
Task 6: Write A, if both statements are true. B, if the first statement is true and the
second statement is false. C, if the first statement is false and the second statement is
true. D, if both statements are false.

___1. The Middle Ages, often referred to as the “Dark Ages. Much of the artwork
produced in the early years of the period reflects that darkness,
characterized by grotesque imagery and brutal scenery.
___2. Realist artists often employed swirling, swaying, and exaggeratedly
executed brushstrokes in the depiction of their subjects. These techniques
were meant to convey the turgid emotional state of the artist reacting to
the anxieties of the modern world.
___3. Michael Angelo is an artist from baroque period. One of his famous art
is La Pieta.
___4. Arts in classical period refers generally to a high regard for classical
antiquity. The art in this period typically seeks to be formal and restrained. ___5.
Romantic works yearned for the past. Their paintings often featured natural
disasters.
___6. Impressionism can be considered the last distinctly modern movement in
painting. Its originators were artists who rejected the official, and were
consequently, shunned by powerful academic art institutions.
___7. Fauvism started in the outcome of Pablo Picasso's shocking. In addition, it
exhibited forms in an illusionistic space, portraits.
___8. Impressionism is studio painting in itself was unnatural to them when the
real world was “out there”. This movement also started on the period of
1848-1900.
___9. Dada was the main ancestor to the Conceptual Art movement. The
emphasis of the artists was not on making appealingly attractive objects __10.
One of the famous artists of Surrealism is Vincent van Gogh. One of his works
is entitled Starry Night.
Reflection/ Learning Insights
Task 7: Reflection Insights: Congratulations! You have a clear understanding about
the timeline of major arts in different periods. In this moment, I want to reflect and write
your insights about the lesson.
My Journal
Art from the past can reveal a lot about life in the past. We can learn about the society that
created a work of art by studying its symbolism, colors, and materials. The two images
above, for example, are rich in symbolism, relating to the attributes of an ideal marriage in
the fifteenth century. The painting of the young woman contains symbols of chastity (the
unicorn) and fertility (the bunnies), both of which were important virtues for a Renaissance
woman to possess. We can learn what was important to these people and how they wanted
to be remembered by decoding the symbolism in these photographs.
We may also compare artwork, which gives us different perspectives and allows us to see
events, circumstances, and people from other perspectives. We can rewind time and
experience what life was like in a time period other than our own by researching and
studying historical artworks.

Post-Test
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Final Requirement
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Task 8: Based on your own understanding about the history of arts. It’s time for you to
create your own artwork. Choose one of the types of artwork and create your own.
You can use other sheet of paper for this activity to be attached in this module during
submission period.
Self-Evaluation

Check your level of progress in this module. You will use this medium to rate your level
of your mastery of the lesson. For “PRE” column, check the level of mastery prior to
studying the lesson and for “POST” column after you have completed the module. This
will give you a clear interpretation about the level of progress you gained from this
module.
TARGETS -I don’t -I am - -I can
understand starting to Sometimes accomplish
learn. I get it! -I learn
 yet. -I am confuse. with
-I don’t have starting to -I make confidence!
any idea challenge minimal -I can do it!
about it myself mistakes

Beginner Developing Proficient Exceeds

Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post

Identify the
aesthetic beauty
of Western,
Asian and
Philippine arts

Differentiate the
Western, Asian
and Philippine
arts

List different
famous arts
around the globe

Discuss the
history of arts

Analyze the
impact of
history of arts
in our arts
today

Develop and
create
exceptional arts
based on the
history of arts

References
Beckett W. (1994) Sister Wendy’s, Story of Painting , DK Publishing Inc.New York
Invaluable (2019). Art History Timeline: Western Art Movements and Their Impact.
Retrieved from: https://www.invaluable.com/blog/art-history-timeline/
Nievas, M. (2017). History of Art: Asian Art. Retrieved from:
https://design.tutsplus.com/articles/art-history-asian--cms-27815
Punzalan, J.F., Bernardo R.P.,& Caberos C.E., (2019). Art Appreciation, St. Andrew
Publishing House