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Joint Efficiency

Joint efficiency is a factor used in pressure vessel calculations to account for potential defects in welded joints. It ranges from 0.7 to 1.0 depending on the type of radiographic testing (RT) performed, with higher values indicating closer approximation to seamless parent material strength. RT1 and RT2 receive a joint efficiency of 1.0, RT3 is 0.85, and RT4 is 0.7. This efficiency plays a vital role in determining required material thickness to compensate for possible defects. The RT type is selected based on the weld joint category (A, B, C, or D), which is determined by the weld location and criticality.

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614 views2 pages

Joint Efficiency

Joint efficiency is a factor used in pressure vessel calculations to account for potential defects in welded joints. It ranges from 0.7 to 1.0 depending on the type of radiographic testing (RT) performed, with higher values indicating closer approximation to seamless parent material strength. RT1 and RT2 receive a joint efficiency of 1.0, RT3 is 0.85, and RT4 is 0.7. This efficiency plays a vital role in determining required material thickness to compensate for possible defects. The RT type is selected based on the weld joint category (A, B, C, or D), which is determined by the weld location and criticality.

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ahmaddanielmatshah
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JOINT EFFICIENCY ( E )

As per ASME, there are four types of Radiography test (RT), i.e. RT1, RT2, RT3 and
RT4.

For RT1 and RT2, joint efficiency = 1.0


For RT3 efficiency = 0.85
For RT4 efficiency = 0.70

Joint efficiency is the number used to define welded joint strength which basically
depends on the RT type. It is a factor required in all head and shell calculations that
accounts for how closely a finished weld joint approximates the quality of the seamless parent
material

This Joint efficiency plays a vital role in determining the thickness of the pressure
vessel components in Mechanical calculation.

If the welded joint has been fully Xray tested (1.00), it won't have any defects and the
thickness can be smaller. 

If it hasn't been Xray tested at all (0.70) , you don't know whether there are defects in
the welded joint, and so the thickness is greater to compensate for the possible defects
that may exist, even if the joint has been made by a qualified welder. 
 
If it has been partially Xray tested (0.85), it's an intermediate situation and so is the
joint efficiency (0.85 is the mean value between 0.70 and 1.00).

The Weld Joint Category is how each weld on a vessel is classified to a Joint
category, based on the criticality. As per ASME there are four types of weld joint
categories, Category A, Category B, Category C, and Category D.

Category A:

 All longitudinal welds in shell and nozzles


 All welds in heads, Hemisph-head to shell weld joint

Category B:

 All circumferential welds in shell and nozzles


 Head to shell joint (other than Hemisph.)

Category C and D are flange welds and nozzle attachment welds respectively

Longitudinal welds (Category A) are more critical than Circumferential welds


(Category B) because they are under double stress.
This the reason why in different part of ASME code we have stringent rules in
category A joint compared to category B joint.

As per ASME Sec VIII Div.1 the RT type 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 will be selected based on
the type of weld joint category A or B or C or D. In turn the type of RT 1 or 2 or 3 or
4 will decide the Joint efficiency value 1.0 or 0.85 or 0.7.

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