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Bandpass Receiver Structures

This document describes the structure and operation of a bandpass receiver. It consists of a demodulator that converts the received bandpass signal to baseband. The baseband signal is then passed through a receive filter matched to the transmit pulse shape. This maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio at the filter output. The filtered signal is then sampled and plotted on a signal space diagram. A decision device selects the closest constellation point to estimate the transmitted symbol.

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朱柏林
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45 views4 pages

Bandpass Receiver Structures

This document describes the structure and operation of a bandpass receiver. It consists of a demodulator that converts the received bandpass signal to baseband. The baseband signal is then passed through a receive filter matched to the transmit pulse shape. This maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio at the filter output. The filtered signal is then sampled and plotted on a signal space diagram. A decision device selects the closest constellation point to estimate the transmitted symbol.

Uploaded by

朱柏林
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Bandpass Receiver Structures

rI,o (t) rI (t) rI,n


hT (T − t)
t = (n + 1)T
√
∼ 2 cos 2πfc t
Decision
rc (t) 90◦ an
b
Device
√
− 2 sin 2πfc t
rQ (t) rQ,n
hT (T − t)
rQ,o (t) t = (n + 1)T

or equivalently

ro (t) r(t) rn Decision


rc (t) hT (T − t) an
b
t = (n + 1)T Device
√
2e−j2πfc t
Demodulator:
– converts received signal to baseband
ro (t) = rI,o (t) + jrQ,o (t)
√ √
= rc (t) 2 cos 2πfc t − jrc (t) 2 sin 2πfc t
√
= rc (t) 2e−j2πfc t
– received bandpass signal is
rc (t) = vc (t) + wc (t)
so √ √
ro (t) = vc (t) 2e−j2πfc t + wc (t) 2e−j2πfc t
n √ o√  n √ o
= Re v(t) 2ej2πfc t 2e−j2πfc t + wo (t) since vc (t) = Re v(t) 2ej2πfc t
h √ √ i√
= 12 v(t) 2ej2πfc t + v ∗ (t) 2e−j2πfc t 2e−j2πfc t + wo (t)
= v(t) + v ∗ (t)e−j4πfc t + wo (t)

where wo (t) is the demodulated noise.


– the high frequency component will be removed by the receive filter.
Receive Filter:
– matched to the transmitted pulse shape
hR (t) = hT (T − t)
– maximizes signal-to-noise ratio
– filtered received signal is
r(t) = rI (t) + jrQ (t)
Z ∞
= ro (t − τ )hR (τ ) dτ
−∞
Z ∞
= [v(t − τ ) + wo (t − τ )] hT (T − τ ) dτ
−∞
Z ∞ Z ∞
= v(t − τ )hT (T − τ ) dτ + wo (t − τ )hT (T − τ ) dτ
−∞ −∞
"N −1 #
Z ∞ a
X
= vn hT (t − τ − nT ) hT (T − τ ) dτ + w(t)
−∞ n=0
a −1
NX Z ∞
= vn hT (t − τ − nT )hT (T − τ ) dτ + w(t)
n=0 −∞

SYSC 4600 1 Fall 2020/21


a −1
NX Z ∞
= vn hT (t + τ − [n + 1]T )hT (τ ) dτ + w(t)
n=0 −∞

a −1
NX
= vn hT R (t − [n + 1]T ) + w(t)
n=0
where w(t) is the filtered noise, and
Z ∞
hT R (t) = hT (t + τ )hT (τ ) dτ
−∞
is the combined impulse response of the transmit and receive filters.
Eye Diagrams:
Suppose a rectangular pulse shape is used for hT (t). For a transmitted lowpass signal, v(t), given by

and a received demodulated signal, ro (t), of

the filter output would be

SYSC 4600 2 Fall 2020/21


By overlaying segments of duration 2T from the above figure, an eye diagram can be created.

Signal Sampler:
– sample signal at the symbol rate
rn = rI,n + jrQ,n
= r([n + 1]T )
a −1
NX
= vm hT R ([n + 1]T − [m + 1]T ) + w([n + 1]T )
m=0
a −1
NX
= vm hT R ([n − m]T ) + wn
m=0
where wn is a noise sample.
– to prevent intersymbol interference (ISI), it is necessary that
hT R (nT ) = δn
so that
a −1
NX
rn = vm δn−m + wn
m=0
= vn + w n
All unit-energy pulse shapes that are non-zero over only the interval [0, T ] possess this property.
Note: There are many other pulse shapes of longer duration that also fulfill this requirement. Although the
transmitted symbols will overlap in time as the signal is transmitted, as long as the pulse shape has
the property
Z ∞
hT (nT + τ )hT (τ ) dτ = δn
−∞
then ISI will not occur.
Longer durations for the pulse shape can lead to narrower bandwidth signals.

SYSC 4600 3 Fall 2020/21


Signal Space Diagram:
The received samples can be plotted on the signal space diagram:
2

1.5

0.5

−0.5

−1

−1.5

−2
−2 −1 0 1 2
Decision Device:
– select the point in the signal constellation closest to the received sample to estimate the transmitted symbol

SYSC 4600 4 Fall 2020/21

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