The Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
The Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
The Natural Resources and Sustainable Development
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Carmen ZAHARIA, Daniela ŞUTEU
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THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Carmen ZAHARIA, Daniela ŞUTEU
Inheritances
(mineral,
energetical
resources)
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Economic
Present or future probability of
technologies regeneration,
(resources’ actual
exploitation) consumption
and tastes
1 – the stock of some specific but these are not placed in accessible
vital natural resources; this is finite places or do not belong to the
(e.g., fossil fuels); principal consumer countries. In these
2 – the consumption rate of conditions, the consumer countries are
reserves; this was emphasizing in last confronting with the political pressure
time, having higher consumption rate and exorbitant increasing of the price
comparison with the historical imposed by the holder countries of
consumption rate; such stocks.
3 – the existence of some 3. The passing of humanity from
important systems of renewable the utilization of non-renewable
resources. resources to the renewable ones and
Concerning the resources reversely.
exhaustion it is known that “when the It is permanently imposing the
quantity of certain used resource revising and adaptation of the
increases with 5 % per year, his rate economic and social development
of utilization is doubling in 14 years“ strategy of a state based on the
(Negrei, 1999). production and consumption
2. The placement of known tendencies from the other states and
natural resources. mainly from the high industrialized
In the world exists numerous states. The behavioural models must
reserves of oil, natural gases, bauxite, be reconsidered and revised in the
ores of iron, chrome and are context of diminishing of non-
discovering much more every year, renewable resources and reduction of
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Carmen ZAHARIA, Daniela ŞUTEU
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THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Rational
Sustainable exploitation of
consumption non-renewable
resources
Intensive
use of
renewable
Clean Sustainable resources
sustainable Development
production and Natural
Resources A new
behaviour of
civilian society
Conservation of
natural stocks for Integrated
the future policies
generations (environment,
production and
consumption)
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Carmen ZAHARIA, Daniela ŞUTEU
resources help the economies to come costs and the utilization costs
back from shocks. In these conditions (www.geneva.org, 2002).
the increasing of natural resources is By comparing of the concepts of
the only way to the toleration. economic and ecologic tolerability it
In the case of industrialized is concluded that it is more suitable to
countries subdue to ecological shocks exam the keeping of a set of
or stresses, there are limits of risks possibilities to rational exploitation of
more flexible than those of the poor natural resources, in comparison with
ones, where the rapid demographic the strict conservation to the basic
increase and the low economic value of natural resources. This fact is
progress have often as effect the due to the fact that the preferences
narrowing of risks’ limits against the and technologies are not constant
external disturbances (Diop, Leautier, during generations, so that the
2007). conservation of a basic value can be
The industrialized countries proven to be excessive.
possess also a much higher capacity to The diversity of demands and
replace the technologies than the preoccupations on short time term, as
developing countries when are well as the targets on long time term
exerting ecological pressures. existed into the whole world, suggests
The irrational exploitation of the fact that it not exists
non-renewable resources must be a”good”or“bad”sustainable
avoided if the benefits from the development, universally valid. The
intensive exploitation of natural maximization concept for the net
resources are very high on short time benefits of economic and social
term. This represents a basic rule in development in conditions of keeping
approaching of environment the natural resources and
conservation using standards of environmental services vs. time can
minimal safe. be useful in decisions taking. This
If a resource is exploited into supposes the use of renewable
tolerability parameters, his stock will resources, especially if these are poor,
remain constantly in time. Contrarily, in small rates or equal with the natural
the reserve will be diminishing to the rate of regeneration. The efficiency of
prejudice of future generation. using the non-renewable resources
This future benefit is lost must be optimized by mean of the
because of a management out of technological progress.
tolerability parameters, quantified into
the sacrifice costs of future use that CONCLUSIONS
represent the user costs or “exhaustion
prizes”. The basic rule is that the The actual generation supports
proper price of a natural resource evidently the degradation and
must reflect the extraction costs (or sometimes diminishing of natural
production costs), the environmental resources caused by the last
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