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SCIENCE
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Electromagnetic Wave

Self-Learning Module
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 FOREWORD
This self-learning kit in Science is intended for grade 10 students. It mainly
focuses on the measured properties of EM waves, the wavelength, frequency and
energy.

In the previous kit, you have learned about the regions of electromagnetic
spectrum, the EM waves, and how these waves propagate. In this kit, you will study
further the varying characteristics of EM waves. It also consists of activities that will
enrich your understanding on the relationship among the distinctive properties of EM
waves, the wavelength, frequency and energy and compare these relative properties
in the electromagnetic spectrum.

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 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
SCIENCE 10

Content Standard:
Demonstrate understanding of the different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Learning Competency:
Compare the relative wavelengths of different forms of electromagnetic waves.
S10FE-lla-b-47

I. WHAT HAPPENED?

Nowadays, online shopping is very popular since it brings convenience to the

shoppers. All you have to do is go online select the product that you would like to buy
and pay using your card or pay it in cash on the delivery date, just one click and you
are done. You were able to watch your favorite “K-drama” and the remarkable
scenes of “The Game of Thrones”. But the question is “How these were made
possible?” These are due to the development of technology using EM waves,
microwaves in particular, these waves can’t be seen but they did a huge impact to
our society.

After accomplishing the task in this SLK, learners are expected to;

A. Describe the wavelengths of the electromagnetic wave in the EM

spectrum;
B. Compare the frequencies and wavelengths of the different
electromagnetic radiation; and
C. Construct own version of electromagnetic spectrum.

TEST YOURSELF
A Fact or a bluff?
Write the word FACT if the statement is correct and BLUFF if not.
1. Red color of light has the shortest wavelength among all colors.

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 2. EM waves of high frequency have short wavelength.
3. If compared, UV rays have longer wavelength than Infrared.
4. Radio waves have longer wavelength than Microwaves.
5. The wavelengths and frequencies of all EM radiation is the same.
6. The frequency of a radiation depends on the amount of energy
present.
7. Visible light is separated into five colors as it passes through a prism.
8. Gamma radiation carries the highest frequency in the EM spectrum.
9. Microwave is part of radio wave.
10. X-rays can penetrate through our flesh because it has low frequency.

Let’s refresh…

Electromagnetic wave transfers energy even in vacuum. It is produced by

accelerating electrons. These moving electrons could create an electric field, the
varying electric field produces a magnetic field. Both electric and magnetic field
oscillates perpendicularly to each other and to the direction of the propagating
wave. Most EM waves are invisible but detectable. But, what makes one different
from the other? You will know the answer after doing the next activities.

DO THIS….
Activity1
Word Search!

The picture shows the electromagnetic spectrum. Look for the 15 underlined words in the
word search below.

Fig. 1 Electromagnetic Spectrum

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Questions:
1. How do you define a wavelength?
2. Based on figure 1, what happens to the wavelength as it travels to the right?
3. Which EM wave radiates the highest frequency? What happens to its
wavelength?
4. What is the difference between wavelength and frequency?
5. How does frequency affect the wavelength?

READ THIS….

Wavelength is the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave. It

is measured in the direction of the wave. A crest is the highest point of an upward
displacement of the wave while trough is the opposite of crest, the lowest point of
displacement. Wavelength is express in meters. On the other hand, frequency is
the number of waves passing by a specific point per second. Wavelength is the
measured distance between two waves while frequency is the measure of
recurrence of the waves.

DO THIS….

Activity 2
Short to Long…

The electromagnetic spectrum is composed of different types of EM waves.

Arrange the electromagnetic wave according to increasing wavelength.
Write your answer in the shapes.

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 Micro wave Radio wave Gamma ray
visible light X-ray Ultraviolet rays
InfRAReD

Questions:
1. Which EM radiation in the EM spectrum must be written first if it is
arrange in an increasing wavelength? Why?
2. Which EM radiation should be written last? Why?

DO THIS ….

Activity 3
Incredibly Connected

Match the EM waves at the right with the wave illustrations at the left by drawing a line
to connect them. Keen observation is the key.

Questions:
1. How EM waves differ in terms of its wavelength?

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 2. How do you describe the wavelength of radio waves? How does it differ
to the wavelength of gamma rays?
3. What is the mathematical relationship between wavelength and
frequency?

II. WHAT TO LEARN

The EM waves in the electromagnetic spectrum were arranged according to their

wavelength and frequency. The wavelength and frequency are closely related to
each other, longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency and the shorter the
wavelength the higher the frequency. This means that the two properties are
inversely proportional. On the other hand if the amount of energy is high the
frequency of the wave is also high, thus the two is directly proportional.
Table 1. Wavelength, frequency and energy of EM waves
Wavelength Frequency Energy (J)
(m) (Hz)
Radio
>1 X 10-1 <3 X109 <2 X 10-
24

Microwave 1 X 10-3 – 3 X109 – 2 X 10-24 –

1 X 10-1 3 X1011 2 X 10-22

Infrared 7 X 10-7 – 3 X1011 – 2 X 10-22 –

1 X 10-3 4 X1014 3 X 10-19

Visible light 4 X 10-7 – 4 X1014 - 3 X 10-19 –

7 X 10-7 7.5 X1014 5 X 10-19

UV 1 X 10-8 – 7.5 X1014 5 X 10-19 –

4 X 10-7 – 2 X 10-17
3 X1016

X-ray 1 X 10-11 – 3 X1016 – 2 X 10-17 –

1 X 10-8 3 X1019 2 X 10-14
Gamma-ray
<1 X10-11 >3 X1019 >2 X10-
14

In the visible light portion of EM spectrum is composed of seven colors. It is the only
part that can be seen by our eyes. The ends of the visible light spectrum blend with
the infrared and ultraviolet level of radiation. The colors in the visible light are created
by the EM energy of different wavelengths. As white light passes through a prism,
refraction caused it to bend separating it into

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different colors. The red color has the longest wavelength and violet has the shortest
wavelength.
Table 2. Wavelength, frequency and energy of Colors
Colors Wavelength Frequency Energ
in in y in
nanometers Tera Hertz Joules
(nm) (THz) (J)

Red 625 – 740 430 – 2.64 X 10-19

480 –
3.20 X 10-19
Orang 590 – 625 480 – 3.20 X 10-19
e 510 –
3.37 X 10-19
Yellow 565 – 590 510 – 3.37 X 10-19
540 –
3.48 X 10-19
Green 520 – 565 540 – 3.61 X 10-19
580 –
3.75 X 10-19
Blue 500 – 520 580 – 3.97 X 10-19
610 –
4.04 X 10-19
Indigo 435 – 500 610 – 4.23 X 10-19
670 –
4.41 X 10-19
Violet 380 – 435 670 – 4.73 X 10-19
750 –
4.97 X 10-19

As you can observe, there is always rainbow after the daytime rain because
raindrops act as the refractive medium, the natural prism.

Dispersion of light as it passes through raindrop

DO THIS….

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Activity 4
“Relatively Compared”
Fill in the blanks with the correct adjective to complete the statement. Your answers
will be longer, shorter, lower, or higher.

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 1. Microwave has wavelength than that of Infrared but
compared to that of a Radio wave.
2. Radio wave is use in radio broadcasting because it has
wavelength than Infrared. But the frequency of infrared
is than the Radio.
3. Light wave has frequency than UV ray but its
wavelength is than the later.
4. X- rays can penetrate through flesh due its frequency which is
than UV ray but than Gamma rays.
5. The frequency of UV is compared to Light but
than X-rays.
Questions:
1. Which EM wave has the longest wavelength?
2. Which EM wave has the shortest wavelength?
3. Which EM wave has the highest frequency?
4. How do you describe the energy of high frequency waves?
5. What happens to the frequency of a wave as wavelength becomes shorter?

DO THI ….

Activity 5

My Wavelength!

Identify the type of electromagnetic wave that has the corresponding wavelength at
the left.
Wavelength Type of wave Wavelength Type of wave
1.) 1 X 10-2 6.) 1 X 10-9
2.) 7 X 10-7 7.) 1 X10-13
3.) 6 X 10-5 8.) 4 X 10-8
4.) 5 X 10-7 9.) 1 X 10-10
5.) 3 X 10-7 10.) 1 X10-12

III. WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED?

POST ASSESSMENT:

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I. Based on your understanding, make your own version of electromagnetic
spectrum.

II. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Which range of frequency is our eyes sensitive to?
A. 3 x 109 - 3 x 1011 Hz C. 3 x 1011 - 4 x 1014 Hz
B. 4 x 1014 - 7.5 x 1014 Hz D. 7.5 x 1014 - 3 x 1016 Hz
2. When visible light is separated into colors, which color has the longest
wavelength?
A. Blue B. Green C. Red D. Violet
3. Which property spells the difference between infra-red and ultra-violet
radiation?
A. Color C. Speed in vacuum
B. Wavelength D. None of the above
4. Which of the following is the frequency range of UV radiation? A. 3.5
x 109 -3 x 1011 Hz C. 7.5 x 1014 - 3 x 1016
Hz
B. 3.5 x 1011 - 3 x 1014 Hz D. 7.5 x 1016 - 3 x 1019 Hz
5. What is the wavelength of an EM wave which frequency is 3 x 109 Hz?
A. 1.0 x 10-1 m B. 1.0 x 10-2 m C. 1.0 x 101 m D. 1.0 x 102 m
6. Which of the following EM waves has the longest wavelength?
A. microwaves B. radio waves C. visible light D. X – rays
7. Which of the following EM waves have the highest frequency?
A. radio waves B. microwaves C. visible light D. gamma rays
8. Which two waves lie at the ends of the EM spectrum?
A. Infrared and Ultra-violet rays C. Radio waves and X-rays
B. Radio waves and Microwaves D. X-rays and Gamma rays
9. Which electromagnetic wave carries more energy than the others?
A. microwaves B. radio waves C. UV radiation D. visible light
10. Why the sky is red at sunset?
A. Light is concentrated in one region of the atmosphere.
B. Light is reflected back to the atmosphere as it hits the earth’s surface.

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 C. Light is refracted by particles making the red end of the spectrum
visible.
D. Light is refracted by particles making red color bend away from the Earth.

WRAP UP!

EM waves in the electromagnetic spectrum were arranged according

to the longest to the shortest wavelength.

Radio wave being the first because it has the longest wavelength, followed by
the microwave, infrared, visible light, UV ray, X-ray and gamma since it has
the shortest wavelength among the EM waves.

The energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency, but inversely

proportional to its wavelength. In other words, the greater the energy, the larger
the frequency and the shorter the wavelength.

Thank you!

References:

Printed:
K to 12 curriculum Guide Science 10 and Learning Manual

Electronic sources:
http://www.scientus.org/Wegener-Continental-Drift.html https://sbsciencematters.com/lesson-
units/6th-grade/6earth-platetectonics/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmC-vjQGSNM
https://lifeng.lamost.org/courses/astrotoday/CHAISSON/AT307/HTML/AT30703.HTM
https://ocook.myteachersite.org/teacher/files/page_files/ch%201%20sec%201%20re view.pdf
http://www.differencebetween.net/science/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_(physics)
http://thoughtco.com/the-visible-light-spectrum-2699036

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