Instruction Manual Air Compressor HL2/160
Instruction Manual Air Compressor HL2/160
Instruction Manual Air Compressor HL2/160
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
AIR COMPRESSOR
HL2/160
Sperre Industri AS Sperre Rotterdam BV Sperre Asia PTE LTD Sole suppliers of
Tel +47 70 16 11 00 Tel +31 180 463 299 Tel +65 763 63 00 genuine spare parts
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GB
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FOR AIR-COOLED AIR COMPRESSOR HL2/160
IMPORTANT
The following information must be given when ordering spares:
PERSONAL SAFETY
Whenever work is to be carried out on the compressor, the electric current must
be switched off, and the compressed air delivery pipe valve must be closed.
CONTENTS Page
General Description ............................................................................................... 2
Installation............................................................................................................... 2
Starting up .............................................................................................................. 3
Operation ................................................................................................................ 3
Stopping.................................................................................................................. 3
Maintenance, Overhaul, Repairs ............................................................................ 3
Valves ..................................................................................................................... 3
Piston and Connecting Rod .................................................................................... 4
Bearings - Dismantling and Assembly.................................................................... 4
Coolers ................................................................................................................... 5
Gaskets .................................................................................................................. 5
Lubricating Oil......................................................................................................... 5
Table of Normal Pressures and Temperatures in Service .................................... 6
Maintenance Schedule ........................................................................................... 6-7
Fault Tracing Chart ................................................................................................. 7-8
Tolerances - Wearing Limits................................................................................... 8
Replacements Parts List......................................................................................... 9-10
Illustrations for Replacement Parts List .................................................................. 11
The compressor and motor are normally supplied mounted together on a strong bedplate. The compressor and motor
are connected by means of a heavy duty flexible coupling.
All the materials used are of first class quality, thoroughly tested and in accordance with the requirements of the
classification societies.
Instrumentation is supplied in accordance with classification society requirements and if desired the compressor can
be fitted with equipment for fully automatic operation.
Bearings and cylinder walls are splashlubricated. The oily level in the sump can be checked through a sight glass. An
automatic low oil level alarm can be supplied as an optional extra.
The compressors is normally supplied without a relief mechanism for the L.P. cylinder suction valve. However, a relief
mechanism can be ordered from SPERRE if required.
The compressor set can be supplied either for bolting direct to the foundation or for flexible installation by means of
resilient mountings fitted under the bedplate.
INSTALLATION
When the compressor is to be installed it is of the greatest importance to ensure that no distortion of the bedplate
occurs. The compressor and motor are normally supplied ready-fitted to the bedplate. In cases where the motor is
installed separately, alignment must be carried out with great care
1. Use vernier callipers or inside micrometer callipers to check that the distance between the coupling halves is equal
around the whole circumference. The distance between the coupling halves should be 37 ± 1mm.
2. When angular alignment has been checked as described above, check for parallel displacement, using a dial
gauge mounted on a magnetic base. Measure parallel displacement around the circumference. Displacement
must not exeed ± 0,07mm
In order to ensure trouble-free operation it is important that the foundation should be well stiffended and free from
vibrations from other installed machinery. This applies to rigid mounting and flexible mounting alike.
A well-dimensioned fresh air duct must be provided to the location where the compressor is to be installed. The mouth
of the duct should be as close as practically possible to the suction side of the cooling fan. The ambient temperature
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should not exeed 45 C.
In principle the pipe from the compressor to the air reservoir should be arranged as shown in the installation diagram
supplied with the compressor. A non-return valve of strong construction and offering little air resistance should be
installed after the compressor.
If the compressor set is installed with resilient mountings, a flexible connection (hose) must be installed in the
compressor air supply line after the compressor. A water/oil separator should be fitted at some distance from the
compressor, and so arranged that the line slopes downwards from the compressor to the separatore. This will prevent
condensate from damaging valves and cylinders.
It is recommended to provide the water separator with manual and automatic draining. Equipment for automatic
draining is available as an optional extra.
If the pipe from compressor to reservoir is longer than about 10 metres the dimensions shown in the installation
diagram supplied with compressor should be somewhat increased to ensure the lowest possible air resistance.
Care should be taken to arrange the piping so that condensate cannot collect in pockets.
OPERATION
During opration, pressures and temperatures must be within the given limits. Any deviation is abnormal and its cause
should be ascertained by means of the fault tracing chart. In the case of pressure or temperature deviations it is
recommended first to check the values with new thermometers and pressure gauges in order to ensure that the fault
is not to be found in the instruments.
STOPPING
No special adjustments or the like are required before stopping the compressor.
If the compressor is to remain unused for a long period, lubricate valves and cylinder walls with oil. The compressor
should be turned over from time to time.
Valves
L.P. Valve
To dismantle the valve, proceed as follows:
Valve overhaul: Release the lock at the top of the valve, loosen the nuts and carefully split the valve in two. Note the
location of the parts, so that they can be correctly refitted.
Clean the valves, carbon deposits can best be removed by means of a good solvent, carbon remover or the like, then
flush with water.
H.P. Valve
To dismantle the valve, proceed as follows:
IMPORTANT! SEALING SURFACES MUST NOT BE SCRAPED WITH SHARP TOOLS: USE A WIRE BRUSH IF
NECESSARY.
Worn and damaged parts and gaskets should be replaced. Valve assembly sequence is the opposite of the above.
Clean the valve in the same way as the L.P. valve. Assembly sequence is the opposite of the above
IMPORTANT! ONLY ORIGINAL SPERRE COPPER RINGS MUST BE USED AS VALVE SEATING GASKETS.
EXACT DIMENSIONS AND CORRECT HARDNESS IS OF DECISIVE IMPORTANCE FOR GOOD OPERATING
RESULTS.
Cylinder head nuts should be tightened a little at a time, in sequence, to avoid torsional strain on the valve.
Crankshaft Bearings
These are needle bearings.
IMPORTANT!
WORN OR DAMAGED CRANKSHAFT BEARINGS MUST BE REPLACED COMPLETE. REPLACEMENT OF PARTS
OF THE BEARINGS IS NOT SATISFACTORY. BEARINGS DISMANTELED FROM SHAFT AND/OR CONNECTINGS
ROD MUST ALWAYS BE REPLACED BY NEW BEARINGS.
1. Remove the outer ring from the connecting rod, using pressing tools.
2. Remove the inner ring from the crankpin by heating it rapidly with a welding torch, then push it off the pin by
means of a screwdriver or the like. If necessary, rapidly cool the ring so that it cracks, or grind a notch in it to
reduce its tension.
3. Fit a new outher ring to the connecting rod by means of a pressure tools.
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4. To fit the inner ring, heat it in an oil bath or on an electric hotplate to 80 - 100 C before pressing it onto the pin.
IMPORTANT!
DO NOT USE AN OPEN FLAME TO HEAT THE NEW RING.
Dismantle as follows:
IMPORTANT!
CHECK THAT THERE IS SLIGHT AXIAL PLAY BETWEEN CONNECTING ROD AND PISTON AFTER
INSTALLATION.
1. Remove the grille from the front of the fan, loosen the air deflector from base and manifold and pull the deflector
backwards over the electric motor.
2. Dismantle fan and flywheel.
3. Loosen the cooler pipe from the manifold, cylinder head and lower clamp.
4. Dismantle cylinders, pistons and connecting rods as described under "PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD".
5. Loosen frame bearing housing nuts. Pull the bearing housing and crankshaft clear of the crankcase.
6. Remove the internal seeger rings in the bearing housing and pull the crankshaft complete with bearings out of
the bearing housing.
7. Pull the bearings off the shaft.
8. Check that the oil sealing ring in the bearing housing is undamaged.
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Before fitting the bearings, heat them in an oil bath to about 100 C. Ensure that the seeger rings are correctly placed
in their respective slots.
The coolers can be externally cleaned by spraying on a good grease solvent and then blowing them clean with
compressed air.
In the case of heavy deposits of dirt the coolers should be dismantled for external and internal cleaning.
Any carbon deposits in the tubes can be removed by placing them in a bath of carbon remover or similar solvent
overnight, and then flushing with hot fresh water.
Gaskets
In order to achieve satisfactory operation it is reconmended to replace gaskets at every overhaul. Worn or damaged
gaskets will reduce compressor capacity and cause faulty operation.
LUBRICATING OIL
The crankcase lub. oil volum is 10.0 litres. The following lubricating oils are recommended:
Ask SPERRE for advice before using lubricating oil of any other type.
At lower or higher intake temperatures the temperatures at the points indicated above will be approximately an equal
number of degrees lower or higher.
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
The following is a guideline for a normal maintenance schedule. However, compressor operating conditions vary
widely from installation to installation and it is therefore important to adapt the maintenance schedule to the
experience of the individual operator.
The following schedule applies to automaticly monitored and manually operated installations alike.
Daily inspection:
Make a quick general inspection of the whole compressor (in normal operation) and specially check the following;
Further maintenance can suitably be effected in accordance with the following plan (the scope of each maintenance
routine is given in the notes).
From 10 000 hours begin from the top of the schedule again, repeating
Routine A at 11 000 hours
Routine B at 15 000 hours
Routine C at 20 000 hours and so on
ROUTINE B
1. Change lubricatin oil.
2. Remove the valves from both cylinders. It is recommended to dismantle the valves for full inspection and
cleaning or replacement as necessary.
3. Carry out Routine A, items 3,4,5,6,7 and 8.
4. Dismantle compressor cooler tubes and clean internally as described on page.
ROUTINE C
1. Change lubricating oil.
2. Remove the valves from both cylinders. It is recommended to dismantle the valves for full inspection and
cleaning or replacement if necessary.
3. Dismantle cylinders, pistons and connecting rods. Inspect cylinder walls, pistons and piston rings. Clean and
replace any damaged or worn parts. Inspect big end and little end bearings.
4. Dismantle compressor cooler tubes and clean internally as described.
5. After dismantling cylinders, pistons, cooler tubes etc., check wear on crankshaft frame bearings by testing
crankshaft lateral play. The life of ball and roller bearings may vary considerably.
6. Carry out Routine A, items 3,4,5,6,7 and 8.
1. End tolerances for piston rings 3. Clearances between pistons and cylinders
Push a piston without rings halfway into the cylinder Measure the clearance by means of a dial gauge,
from below, and place the piston ring in the cylinder taking the cylinder and piston separately.
bore so that it presses against the top of the piston. Alternatively the piston can be placed in the cylinder
Withdraw the piston and using a feeler gauge and the clearance measured with thickness gauges.
measure the clearance between the ends of the If the latter method is chosen, two gauges should be
piston ring. used, one inserted at either side of the piston,
opposite each other. The piston clearance should be
Piston Clearance for new Maximum measured in the area above the upper ring groove.
Diameter rings in cylinder permissible
without wear clearance The sums of clearance on both sides should be as
(approx.) follows:
77 mm 0.20 mm 0.60 mm
2. Height clearance in piston ring grooves 160 mm 0.32 mm 0.72 mm
Clean piston rings and ring grooves. Fit ring in groove
and using a feeler gauge measure the height
4. Clearance between piston crown and cylinder
clearance of the ring in the groove.
head.
Clearance for new Maximum
rings in piston permissible The clearance between the top of the piston and the
cylinder head valve must be around 1.0-1.5 mm at a
without wear clearance
normal gasket thickness is ca. 1,0 mm.
(approx.)