CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Ethnic oral literature preservation contributes to the development of national

culture. This study aimed to document the indigenous oral literary genres of an

ethnolinguistic group in Agusan del Sur, the Higaonons; and analyze these in terms of

richness in human values, symbols, imagery, point of view, and characterization. Rennie

Cajetas-Saranza (2016).

Serenades, much the same as move and different types of ceremonies, have been

one of indigenous individuals' indispensable intends to speak to human feelings and

beliefs. In the Philippines, these serenades are keys to the character of the different

ethnolinguistic gatherings. They characterize people or gatherings as remarkable what's

more, unmistakable. Serenades have been given from age to age to safeguard the

customary lifestyle. Hudhud, the serenades of the Ifugao, is hailed by the United Nations

Training, Scientific and Cultural Organization or UNESCO as a national social fortune

furthermore, it is enrolled in the Cultural Intangible Heritage of Humanity. On the off

chance that Hudhud is for the Ifugaos, the Uggayam for the Cordillerans in the North

and the bayok for the Maranaos in the South, there is likewise the tud-om for the

Manobos in Caraga Region in Mindanao. Trexie O. Alawi (2016).

Melodies and instrumental pieces in a melodic convention are liable to change:

as they are received by another age of audience members and performers, they

advanceinto something new while holding a portion of their unique qualities. The

present article explores to what degree this difference in tunes might be clarified by
into something new while holding a portion of their unique qualities. The present article

explores to what degree this difference in tunes might be clarified by theories on the

memorability of songs. Janssen, Burgoyne and Honing (2017)

Much research has been committed to the arrangement of people tunes,

uncovering that variations are perceived dependent on notable melodic sections, for

example, expressions and themes, while other melodic material in a tune may shift

significantly. So as to pass judgment on similitude of tunes fair and square of melodic

portions, an effective likeness measure is required which will permit discovering events

of melodic fragments in society tunes dependably. The present investigation looks at a

few such similitude measures from various music inquire about areas: relationship

separation, city square separation, Euclidean separation, nearby arrangement, wavelet

change and structure acceptance. Conklin & Anagnostopoulou (2011)

The way of life of Higanaon people can best be portrayed as a culture of Peace,

for illuminating their inner clashes or settle fights among other ethnic gatherings, the

clans rehearses an antiquated custom: the tampudas hu Balagun, or the bargain of the

green vine branch, an emblematic ans traditonal cutting of the vine. The majority of the

individuals from this inborn gathering are Christianized, yet the describing by the more

seasoned age of stories concerning their conventional and indigenous religion is regular

practice. At the point when they are sanctified through water the Higaonon are permitted

to keep two names, a Christian and a Higaonon name. Ronald de Jong (2010)
 One of the indigenous practices that the Higaonons have held up right up 'til

today is their arrangement of compromise, privately called paghusay (signifying "to

settle"). With its ancestral committee made out of a Supreme Datu (chieftain), 11 agents,

3 baes (ladies representatives), and 25 alimaong (innate police), they settle a wide range

of contentions as long as they occur inside their locale. Cases that arrive at the innate

experts for conceivable goals incorporate robbery, battling, murder, mistaken

assumptions, infidelity, land clashes, disdain against customs and clashes including

rebels.The capacity of the Higaonon to successfully unravel interior clashes has

prompted them being depicted as a truly harmony cherishing network and the "weavers

of harmony". Primitivo Cabane Ragandan III (2017)

The most well-known melody sort of the Banwaon, Higaonon and Bukidnon

subgroups unquestionably is the limbay, an ad libbed tune about the individual

sentiments of the artist, normally mirroring the current circumstance or encounters of the

past. Subtypes of the limbay are the man-inaday communicating misery and sorrow just

as the hulû-hulû of the Bukidnon subgroup and the pangangandê of the Higaonon in

Misamis Oriental, with a comparative substance. The dindinay of the Higaonon and

dindin of the Bukidnon subgroup were given their names on account of the rehashed

utilization of the syllables "dindinay" or "dindin" for graceful reasons. The Banwaon

call their children's songs limbay, at times additionally utilizing the term panlibay for

this capacity. Like the limbay in tune and substance is the darinday, which is confined to

the region of those Higaonon living near the Maranao individuals. Hans Brandeis (1993)

Like most of the other tribes, Higaunon shows their feelings and ideas in an

aesthetic interpretation. Songs, prayers, linguistic jousts and folklore that reflected the
beliefs and matters of their tribe are the way of unleashing their experiences and

feelings. All of the performances of the Higaunons are presented only in meetings with

specific importance. Higaunons’ showed their costumes and traditions such as

floksongs, oratory, poems, dances, and costumes that are almost forgotten nowadays.

They wished that their stories will be written in books so that they will be remembered

and learned by the future generation. Rennie Cajetas-Saranza (2016)

In Indonesia, Dangdut music is one of the music that was conceived and created.

Dangdut music gets a great deal of impact from other music societies like India, Arabic,

Malay, Latin, Sundanese, Javanese, and furthermore from a few mainstream types of

music, for example, Rock and Roll, Blues, Keroncong, Reggae, Bossanova, Cha-cha,

Rumba, Country, and Samba. These different impacts at that point converged into

another famous music classification, dangdut. A portion of these impacts can likewise

be seen from the instruments utilized, for example, dangdut drum, ketipung, woodwind,

guitar, banjo, drum set, low pitch guitar, tambourine, conga, cymbals and electric

consoles. Dangdut music design is extremely powerful, so it is very potential to be

utilized as social music with the convention of moving together. The word dangdut

originates from the sound of a drum which is run of the mill in customary Indian music,

to be specific tabla. This drum delivers the sound of the sound giving a mental impact

and creates for the mood of the music itself. In history and its improvement, dangdut

music can be said as music that was conceived from ethnic Malay craftsmanship. This is

in view of a few discoveries in the advancement of melodic culture contained in Malay

everyday citizens. Hirza, Muklis, Sinaga, Suroso & Amal (2018)

People culture in a general public is found in four distinct structures: oral

custom, material culture, social society customs, and performing expressions. Oral

custom incorporates for the most part verbal expressions or then again expressive

writing comprising of spoken, sung and voiced types of customary, articulations like

melodies,stories, verse, melodies, accounts,rhymes, precepts and expand stories.

Material culture are the noticeable parts of society conduct such as aptitudes, plans and

equation as shown in country expressions and artworks, customary themes,

compositional configuration, garments, style, cultivating, angling and different kinds of

instruments and hardware. Violete B. Felisilda (2015).