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Research II
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Qualitative and
Quantitative Data
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master qualitative and quantitative data. The scope of this module allows it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The activities are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module contains:

● Lesson 1 – Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data

In this module, we will focus on the features and differences between qualitative
and quantitative data. Therefore, at the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. differentiate qualitative data from quantitative data; and

2. utilize qualitative and quantitative tools in analyzing and presenting data.

These objectives are aligned to the most essential learning competency for week
1-2 which are the basics or prerequisite lessons along with statistical test results for
the appropriate analyses of both qualitative and quantitative data.

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 What I Know

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the science that deals with collecting, analyzing, presenting and
interpreting data?
a. Numerology
b. Psychology
c. Research
d. Statistics

2. Which term refers to a factual information recorded and used for the purpose
of analysis?
a. gen
b. data
c. theory
d. hypothesis

3. What type of data is generated when answering a check list like The Health
Declaration Form?
a. data
b. qualitative
c. quantitative
d. mixed method

4. Which type of data utilize personal interview and in depth explanation of facts?
a. data
b. qualitative
c. quantitative
d. mixed method

5. Which process is being described when a researcher gathers information

through observations?
a. data collection
b. analysis of data
c. conducting experiment
d. formulating hypothesis

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 Lesson
Qualitative and
1 Quantitative Data
Qualitative data answers the question “why”. It is non-statistical, investigative
and is often open-ended. Generating this data are used for theorizations,
interpretations, developing hypotheses, and initial understandings. On a contrary,
quantitative data can answer the questions “how much” or “how many,” followed by
conclusive information. It is statistical and is typically structured in nature. This
type of data is measured using numbers and values used in data analysis.
Quantitative data is much more concise and close-ended (Pickell, 2019).

What’s In

Recall that a variable is any characteristics that can take on different values
like height, age, sex, species or score. In research we usually want to know the effect
of one variable to another. For instance, you might want to evaluate whether
students prefer online classes over traditional one. Or you might be interested in
knowing the certain group of individuals who are prone to COVID-19.

To check your understanding about independent and dependent variable,

answer the task given below.
Direction. Identify the independent and dependent variable for each research
question.

Research Question Independent variable(s) Dependent variable(s)

What is the effect of diet
and regular soda on blood
sugar levels?
How does phone use
before bedtime affect
sleep quality?
How well do different
plant species tolerate salt
water?

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 What’s New

Activity 1: IN-vestigate
Directions: Applying your scientific process skills, observe the environment. In letter
A, choose any item found inside your house and describe it using your most
appropriate senses, while in B, answer the questions.

A. Qualitative Data
Using your five senses, describe anything which you can:
Hear:

See:

Smell:

Taste:

Touch:

B. Quantitative Data

How many family members?

What is the age of your mother and father?

What is the volume of your shampoo?

How many moles do you have on your face”?

How many jumping jacks can you do in 10 seconds?

Guide Questions:
1. How did you collect or gather all the information?
2. When and why did you use a measurement tool?
3. Which among your observations are expressed in words?
4. Which one requires you to count?
5. How do you classify the data you gathered by answering the previous questions
and how about the type of data you gathered when you use your different
senses?

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 What is It

Research Data
In crafting your research study, it is imperative to identify the type of data to
be used in the study. Qualitative data deals with words used to understand concepts,
thoughts and experiences. It enables you to gain a deeper insight on topics that are
not well understood. Numbers and graphs are expressed as quantitative data. It is
used to test or confirm theories or assumptions and can be used to establish
generalizable facts about a topic (Streefkerk, 2020).

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data

Both qualitative and quantitative data are important for gaining different
kinds of information. However, knowing their difference will aid you in choosing the
appropriate research methods to collect and analyze data and they will allow you to
answer your research objectives. The table below allows you to compare qualitative
from quantitative data (Streefkerk, 2020):

Qualitative Data vs. Quantitative Data

Difference Qualitative Quantitative
Focuses on: Exploring ideas, formulating Testing theories, and
a theory or hypothesis hypothesis
Analyzed by: Summarizing, categorizing Calculations and
and interpreting statistical analysis
Expressed in: Words Numbers. Graphs, tables
Respondents: Few Many
Type of question: Open-ended Closed
Key terms: Understanding, context, Testing, measurement,
complexity, subjectivity objectivity, replicability
Data collection Interview, focus groups, Surveys, experiments,
methods: ethnography, literature observations
review
Example: -How satisfied are you with -On a scale of 1-5, how
your online class? will you rate learning in
online class?
-Do you get quality sleeping -What is your average
time despite the pandemic? sleeping time during this
pandemic?
-What can be done to -Currently, how many
improve the health program cases of COVID-19 are
in your barangay? there in your barangay?

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 What’s More

Activity 1. Qualitative vs Quantitative

Directions. Complete the table by identifying the given as to Qualitative Data or
Quantitative Data.

Height of First graders Weight of Sumo wrestlers

Very hot Categories of plants
Happiness rating Age of Grade 10 students
Duration of traffic lights Gender
Eye Color Distance of Planets

Qualitative Data Quantitative Data

Assessment 1.
1. Differentiate quantitative data from qualitative data. Use key words.
2. How important are the qualitative or quantitative data in formulating a research
title? Justify your answer in your paper the importance of qualitative and
quantitative data.

Activity 2. Collecting Data is Fun

Directions. Collect data at home. For qualitative data, answer the questions briefly
in 3-5 sentences. For quantitative, organize the data through a frequency table. A
sample table is given below:
Bill Month Amount (Php)
October 2020
November 2020
December 2020

A. In terms of level of learning, how do you compare your online class from
traditional class?
B. Electric/Water/Internet bill for the past 3 months
C. Height and weight of Family Members including you
D. How can you gather/collect more accurate qualitative and quantitative data?

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Assessment 2.
1. What is the most interesting part in collecting information inside your home?
2. What are the problems encountered in gathering these information?
3. How did you overcome these challenges in collecting qualitative and quantitative
data?

Activity 3. Presenting Data is more Fun

Directions. From the data collected in Activity 2, present the qualitative data and the
quantitative data in either a graph or a chart form followed by the textual discussion
and then create your power point presentation.

Assessment 3.
1. Why qualitative and quantitative data necessary in the presentation of data?
2. Which is easier to present qualitative data? quantitative data? or both?
3. Explain your answer in item 2.

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Concept Mapping. Complete the diagram by choosing the correct category
inside the box.

Calculating Less in depth Quantitative data

Close-ended questions More in depth Research

Data No statistical tool Statistics

Exploring Numbers Subjective

Few cases Objective Testing

Interpreting Open ended questions With statistical tool

Large sample size Qualitative data Words

Concept Map. Qualitative and quantitative data.

Research

Note: the first one is done for you. Study the map carefully and supply the missing
term/phrase which falls under an appropriate category.

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 What I Can Do

Directions:
1. In your municipality, study how the officials responded to COVID-19
Pandemic.Answer the table below.

City / Municipality:
Current COVID-19 Situation:
(Statistics; Include
reference)

Policies and Efforts of

City / Municipal Council:

Impact of Quarantine on
People:

Economy:

Environment:

Note: use only the official online resources available. You are NOT allowed to conduct
a face-to-face interview.

NOTE: DO NOT ANSWER PART 2.

2. Answer the following questions.

2.1. What appropriate statistical tool/s will be employed in analyzing the
gathered data?
2.2. What is the importance of using appropriate statistical tools in data
analysis?
2.3 Based on the gathered data, does the barangay effectively responded to the
challenges of pandemic?

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 Assessment

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which is a method commonly used in qualitative research?

a. survey
b. interview
c. experiment
d. observation

2. In this new normal, a person is about to enter a mall answers the Health
Declaration Form what type of data collection is being conducted?
a. survey
b. focus group
c. observation
d. face-to-face interview

3. Which of the following describes a quantitative data?

a. Tree is very tall.
b. Tree is fourteen meters tall.
c. Tree produces rubber of extract.
d. Tree’s life span can reach over a hundred years.

4. Which statement does, My son is four years old and weighs normal for his age,
describe?
a. qualitative data
b. quantitative data
c. data collection method
d. qualitative data and quantitative data

5. Which is NOT a qualitative data?

a. Metro Manila tops the list of most COVID-19 cases in the PH by region
(JHU CSSE).
b. Law makers must strongly implement travel ban to keep out PH from
COVID-19 variant.
c. In December 27, 2020, 883 new cases of COVID-19 bring PH’s tally to a
total of 469, 886 cases (inquirer.net).
d. According to CNN PH (December 27, 2020), President Duterte will urge
possible lockdown if new cases of coronavirus variant spike.

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6. Which does NOT describe a qualitative data?
a. interview
b. subjective
c. ethnography
d. more respondents required

7. Which is NOT utilized in quantitative research?

a. words
b. tables
c. graphs
d. numbers

8. Which is more aligned to quantitative data?

a. relies on few sample size
b. experimental design is used
c. conducts focused group discussion
d. can use a reflection journal kept by the researcher

9. Which of the following is used to prove or disprove a hypothesis in a

quantitative research?
a. online interview
b. literature review
c. statistical analysis
d. survey questionnaire

10. All of the following are included in a qualitative data EXCEPT

a. survey and questionnaire data
b. text, pictures, videos and sound recordings
c. data that can be summarized by numbers
d. written material from respondents answer to open-ended items

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 Additional Activities

Directions: Accomplish the Quizizz Activity during asynchronous session. Record

and report your score to your teacher.

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/590931c358edc51000969c35/qualitative-
vs- quantitative-data December 27, 2020

For modular sessions, classify the phrases whether they are qualitative or
quantitative data. Choose QL if it is qualitative and QN if it is quantitative

1. Candy was sweet 11. One leaf is 9cm long

2. Bug was 5cm long 12. The rainbow is colorful
3. Flower is red 13. Table sugar is too sweet
4. Mass of the beaker was 122g 14. Flower clusters in 3 blooms
5. My fingernail is 2cm long 15. Leaves are stiff and dry
6. The slug was slimy 16. Plant is short
7. Laptop is white 17. Its 27 degrees Celsius
8. He ran 50 miles 18. My cat is 5 years old
9. The plant is green 19. The plant has pink flowers
10. Kalamansi tastes sour 20. I caught 15 foot shark