Multimedia Technology

Name: Nimrah Sifat

Ramsha Noreen

Nida Sani

Aman Farrukh

Department: BSCS(7A) Morning

Subject: MMT

Date: Dec 9,2021

Multimedia Technology:
Data pass through different media is called multimedia.

1-Objects or Elements:
Diagram:

Text Picture

Sound
Animation

Audio Multimedia

Video

Voice

Image
Graph

1- Voice:
When we create any rhythm on creating point it s called voice.
2- Sound:
Any kind of voice flow from any medium it is sound.

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 3- Audio:
When the sound reached the destination it is called audio.
4- Animation:
In it we just move the objects.
5- Video:
It is a clip or complete video.

6- Image:
Shadow of the object is called image. It is always analog.
7- Picture:
Digital image saves in computer memory in form of picture.
8- Graph:
It is used in pictures and images.

2-Parameters of sound:

1-Attack 2-Steady state 3-Decay

1- Light:
 Masking
 Quick Movie File (QMF)
2- Timeline Representation:
 Body movement
 Audio
 Lips movement

3- Multimedia and Personal computers:

In 1967 research neklus scientist design architectural group in architecture department. Spatial
Data Management System proposed for research program it is a major concept of video display.
Defense Advanced research project Agency(DAPRA) proposed architectural group.

1-Editing System:

Ted Nelson and Angel Bird gave an idea of system hypertext used to edit system.

2-Late 1960 IBM:

Collaboration of Ted Nelson and Andrees developed a system which is IBM .Its is used for editing .
They work on to move text like animation.

3.1980 Two Multimedia Lab:

i-Pendeora:

Focus on multimedia work Station.

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ii-Active Batch:

It work on locators.

3-Apple Computer Multimedia Lab:

Used as a research.

4- A Tour of Emerging Application:

Multimedia Applications merge in many areas.

1- Entertainment:
Multimedia application aim at diverting users, engaging them in amazing experiences such as,
listening to music, enjoying videos , public performance usually an adventure novel and
playing a game etc.
2- Home shopping:
It is a shopping that people do by ordering goods from their homes usually either online or
through television channels such as daraz , food panda.
3- Health Care:
Process mining being an emerging discipline has not yet being used in all medical fields
however, these strategies are define by the way in which they undertake the task of applying
character of process mining in health care. Such as City scan, MRI , Colored X-ray.
4- Education:
An education application platform is the integration of learning management system and
technologies to provide a customized end to end solution such as zoom, google classroom,
moodle.
5- Engineering:
The creative application of scientific principle to design or develop structures , machines or
works utilizing them singly or in combination Such as Autocats.

5- Video Equipment:
Large access of business using multimedia applications.

1- Broadcasting:
To communicate or transmit a signal , a message or content such as audio or video
programming to numerous receptions simultaneously over a communication network like TV.
2- Professionals:

Broadcasting video cameras are typically found in television studios. With these cameras, you
can interchange lenses, allowing you to get extreme close-ups or wide-angle shots. Like In TV
shows.

3- Consumers:
The demand for video equipment is dependent upon personal income of consumers, and how
quickly new innovations for video equipment are discovered like TV Shows, DVD players etc.

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 6- Raster Scanning Principle:
Raster is a name of scientist who tells about digital camera.

Diagram:

Horizontal Resolution

Scanning point move from left to right horizontally and distance covered vertically with much

slowly rate.

 Aspect ratio:
The ratio between horizontal resolution and vertical resolution .

7- Psychoacoustics:
The interaction between human nervous system and physical stimuli . This
phenomena is called psychoacoustics.

 Frequency range for Human Hearing:

Normal range=20Hz
For Child people=Upper range or high frequency.
For Old people=Low frequency.
 Dynamic Frequency Range for Human Hearing:
Create Threshold.

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 Diagram:
Threshold point

Lower Bound Point

8- Framework for Multimedia System:

There are four models in it.

1- Multimedia Information Model:

2- Multimedia Conferencing Model:
3- Multimedia Distributed Processing Model:
4- Multimedia Network Model:
1- Multimedia Information Model:
 We note information of multimedia applications.
 Note the information/data which are exchanged by different people.
 Note information of device e.g iPhone, Android, Laptop.
2- Multimedia Conferencing Model:
 Must use multimedia application in it e.g Talkshows.
3- Multimedia Distributed Processing Model:
 We use distributed functions and internet.
 Values of multimedia information e.g System info
 Different Users.
 Users connectivity.
 Large scale data accessible by any users or consumers.
4- Multimedia Network Model:
 Use of multimedia whether it is wired or wireless.

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 9- Network System Services Architecture:
Diagram:

Application added

Advanced calls/

Teleservices
End Users
Network services

Advanced calls/ Switches

Teleservices

End Users
Network Services

Advanced calls/

Teleservices

Network Services

Network architecture is the design of a computer network.it is a framework for the specification of a
network’s physical components and their functional organization and configuration, its operational
principles and procedures, as well as communication protocols used.

In telecommunication, the specification of network architecture may also include all detailed description
of products and services delivered via a communication network, as well as detailed rate and billing
structures under which services are compensated.

10-Colors Fundamentals:
1- Full-color Processing
2- Pseudo-color Processing

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 2- Pseudo Color Processing:
It is used for human interpretation
0-50,50-100,100-150,150-200……….255
 Primary and Secondary color(RGB)
Primary color always produce secondary color.

Primary Color Secondary Color

Red+ Green Yellow
Red+ Blue Magenta
Green+ Blue Cyan, Grey

 Color Look-Up Table:

R G B Color
1 1 1 Black
1 1 0 Yellow
1 0 1 Magenta
1 0 0 Red
0 1 1 Grey
0 1 0 Green
0 0 1 Blue
0 0 0 White

11- According to CIE Standard:

Red=700

Blue=446

x Tri-Stimulus Coefficients
Red X =
x+ y+z
y
GreenY =
x+ y+z
z
Blue Z=
x+ y+z
Through these formula, we can calculate RGB of colors.

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12-Color Model also known as RGB models:
R(1,0,0)

B(0,0,1)

G(0,1,0)

13-Multimedia system services client interaction:

Client Factory
Register
and
Retrieval
Event
Handler
Call
Back
Stream
group

Format Port

Port Format

Media System Protocol

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 Virtual Connection
Virtual Connection

A client make a request to the server and the server responds by satisfying the client’s request. In the
client/server model new clients and servers can be added incrementally as more users come on-line and
the demand for services increases.

1-Register and Retrieval:

Is the function in which we can register and retrieve the data. we save data in register and can retrieve
data if needed.

2-Call Back:

Is the function that give a notification to other person of call him/her again. for example WhatsApp call
as such a person is calling to other person there is a ringing on his/her phone but they didn’t attend that
so when call ended he receive notification of call of that person.

3-Stream Group:

Like live session on social media applications as such group calling on facebook, Instagram and that is
live that is shown all over the world who is in stream group.

4-Event handler:

Is the function that handle the process of application working calls on both sides.

5-Factory:

It is the function that store all over the data between application data of calls etc.

6-Formate:

The function that tells us which type of data it is whether it is pdf form word file or an image etc.

7-Port:

Ports are software based and managed by the computer operating system. Each port is associated with
the specific process or services.

14- Attributes of light:

 Brightness
 Radiance:-Amount of light
 Luminance

15-Stream Interface:-
In which explain media positions

 Transport aware object:

Understand the packets not understand the media types.
 Stream aware objects:

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 Understand the media not understand the packets.
 Time aware object:
In which extract time between stream and media.

16-Goals of multimedia system:-

Explain the objects of multimedia system.

 Handled live data remotely

 Handled stored data remotely
 Handled both live and stored data simultaneously
 Handled new kind of data remotely
 Handled new kind of devices and media types simultaneously.

17-Quality of services(QOS) characteristics:-

 Guaranteed level:
Data guaranteed or not guaranteed.
 Reliable:
Data reliable or not reliable.
 Delay:
Minimum or maximum delay.
 Jitter:
Minimum or maximum jitter(delay variance).
 Bandwidth:
Minimum or maximum bandwidth.

18-Redundancy And Visibility:

Redundancy happens in pixels, frames, lines.

Pixels:

When multiple colors spans more than one positions blocks, then redundancy occurs
between pixels.

Lines:

When multiple lines intercept to each other then redundancy occurs between lines.

Frames

When number of frames overlaps to each other then redundancy occurs between frames.

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