School Grade

Teacher Subject
Day and time Quarter
I. Objective:
A. Cognitive:
 Define Similar and Dissimilar fraction
B. Psychomotor:
 Perform adding and subtracting the rational algebraic expressions
C. Affective:
 Appreciate the values and importance of rational Algebraic Expression in real life situation.
A. Content Standards: Demonstrate understanding using the two Mathematical operations
B. Performance Standards: Perform properly the given equation following the correct process.
C. Learning Competencies: DEPED base
II. Content: Adding and Subtracting Rational Algebraic Expressions
II. Learning Resources
A. References
Mathematics Learners’ Module for Grade 8 and Internet
B. Other Learning Resources: Visual aids, marker/chalk, white board/board
C. Strategy/ies: Experimental Method
D. Integration: Solving

Procedures Techer’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preparation [Prayer]
Please all stand for the prayer. (Students do as told)

May I ask Servas to lead the ( Servas do as told)

prayer?

Good morning class! Good morning ma’am!

[Checking of Attendance]
Are there any absentees for today?
None ma’am!

[Checking of Assignment]
Do we have an assignment class? None ma’am!

B. Reviewing Okay. Now, last time we discussed

 previous lesson or about multiplying and dividing
presenting the
rational algebraic expressions. Can
new lesson
you recall what it is all about? Yes Ma’am. In multiplying rational
algebraic expression, We
Navarro.
multiply numerator to
numerator and then
denominator to denominator to
find the product of the given
expression.

Very good Navarro. What else? Ma’am. In dividing the rational

Algebraic expression, first we
Yes Rober.
get the reciprocal of the second
term and then do the
multiplication.

So first factor the numerator.

That is correct. Another idea about
And denominator after
our previews discussion? Yes Aras. factoring divide or cancel out
the common factors. And then
multiply the remaining terms
and simplify.

Exactly Aras. Very good class, it

seems that you can still recall our
previews lesson.

C. Motivation So, before we proceed to our next

topic, everybody take a look this
pictures.
(Teacher shows the pictures)

Now class, who can give any idea

about this pictures? Yes Hadji.
(Answer may vary)

Very good idea Hadji. Another.

 Okay how about you Cacas, what is (Answer may vary)
your idea about this pictures?

Very good Cacas. Next? Yes

Rosavilla. Ma’am. It is a group of the
similar fruits with the same
color, similar fruits having the
different color, the combination
of different fruits having the
same color and the combination
of different fruit with different
color.
You’re right Rosavilla. Thank you.

Now class, based from the given

pictures, what do you think our
topic this morning? Yes Servas.
Ma’am based on the given
pictures I think our topic this
morning is all about adding and
Thank you Servas.
subtracting numbers.

D. Discussing new
Now, I will discuss to you the
Concept and
Practicing New Addition and Subtraction of
Skills
Rational Algebraic Expression.
From the class, who can tell me
what Similar fraction is? Yes
Lariosa. Similar fraction are fractions
having the same denominator.

Very good Lariosa. How about

Dissimilar fraction? Yes Sidic.
Dissimilar fraction ma’am are
fractions having different
denominator.
Very good Sidic.

So, how to add and subtract similar

and dissimilar fraction? Let’s tackle
the similar fraction first. In adding
and subtracting similar fraction, we
simply simplify first if possible
then add or subtract the numerator
and copy the denominator. For
example

x 2+ 4 5 x +2
+
2 x +4 2 x+ 4
Since the denominator is the same,
what will you do? Yes Detalla.
Just copy the denominator
ma’am.
Okay very good Detalla. We will
just copy the denominator.
x2 + 4+5 x +2
= 2 x +4

x2 +5 x +6
=
2 x +4
So, what is the answer? Yes Ali.

x2 +5 x +6
Ma’am
2 x +4
I think ma’am yes.
Is that the final answer Ali?

Okay. Thankyou Ali. Now class

look at the equation, we can still
factor the numerator and the
denominator because the numerator
is a general trinomial whose
leading coefficient is 1, can you
think two factors of 6 whose sum is (Students: positive 2 and
positive 5? positive 3 ma’am)
Alright! Positive 2 and 3. Also the
denominator class we can factor it
through the greatest monomial
factor which is 2. So it can be
express as
(x +2)( x+3)
= 2( x +2)

x+3
= 2

And that is the final answer! Yes ma’am

Understood?
Next example
2 x−3
x +4 - −x−1
x+4

What is now the numerator? Yes 2x-3-(-x-1) ma’am.

Rober.

Thank you Rober.

2 x−3−(−x−1)
x+ 4
Now, let us simplify the numerator
class by distributing the negative
sign all over the terms inside the
parenthesis.
2 x−3+ x+1
x+ 4
After that, combine like terms in
the numerator
3 x −2
x +4
And that is final answer since it is
Yes ma’am.
already in a simplest form. Do you
get it class?

Now, how about adding and

subtracting dissimilar fraction
class? First we will simplify it if
possible then make their
denominators similar so that we can
perform the said operation. We will
find their least common
denominator (LCD) it is the
smallest number that can be a
common denominator for a set of
fractions. After that divide the LCD
to the denominator and multiply the
quotient to the numerator. So, let’s
have an example
1 3
+
4 x
What do you think their LCD class?
Yes Lampo. 4x ma’am.

That is correct Lampo. Since the

factors are relatively prime we will
just multiply it directly. So let’s
proceed
1 ( x ) +4 (3)
=
4x
x+12
=
4x
Another example class
3 x+1 5
+
x +2 x+ 1 2 x +2
2
Observe that this is not a similar
fraction because they don’t have
the same denominator. So we will
get their least common denominator
by factoring them first and writing
in this table
Denominators Factors
x²+2x+1 (x+1) (x+1)
2x+2 2 (x+1)
LCD 2 (x+1) (x+1)

(3 x+ 1) ( 2 ) +5( x +1)
2(x +1)( x+1)
Let us now simplify. The equation
now becomes
6 x+ 2+ 5 x +5
2(x+1)( x +1)
The combine the like terms in the
numerator then multiply all the
term in the denominator.so the final
answer is
11 x +7
2 x 2 +4 x +2
How about this one, subtract
x+1 x +1
−
x+2 x+ 3

( x+! )( x +3 ) −(x +1)( x +2)

=
(x +2)(x +3)
x2 + 4 x+ 3−(x2 +3 x +2)
=
(x +2)( x+3)
x2 + 4 x+ 3−x 2−3 x−2
=
(x +2)(x+3)
 x +1
= 2
x +5 x +6
That is how to add and subtract the
rational algebraic expression. Do
(Answer may vary)
you have any questions class?

Okay if no more questions, let us

have a recap.

E. Making Rational Algebraic expression is

Generalization
and Abstraction said to be similar if they have the
about the Lesson same denominator.

While dissimilar rational Algebraic

expression have different
denominators.

To add or subtract similar rational

Algebraic expression just combine
like terms in the numerator and
copy the common denominator.

If the expression are dissimilar, we

must get their Least Common
Denominator by listing down their
factors and getting the product of
the necessary factors. Take note,
we can use a table just like what we
did in our previews example. Then
multiply the numerator by the
expression missing in the row of
 their respective denominators. Then
simplify the expression in your
numerator by addition or
subtraction. And multiply the
factors to get the denominator.
Yes ma’am.
Do you understand class?

F. Finding practical
This time class, I want someone to
Applications of
Concepts and solve here in the board.
skills in daily
living
x +1 5x
1. 2
− 2
x −1 x −1
Yes Servas.
x 5
2. +
x −1 2 x−2
2

Yes Aras.

Okay Very Good Servas and Aras.

Now class can we apply our topic

in our daily lives? Can anyone give
(Answer may vary)
a situation that applies the addition
and subtraction of rational algebraic
expression?

G. Evaluating
Learning
Very good! And now, since you
already know how to add and
subtract rational algebraic
expressions. Let’s have a short
quiz.
 Answer the following expression.

2x 1 4 x 2 +4 x −1
1. +
2 x−1 2 x +1 4 x 2−1

4−4 b
4 4b 2 c−6
2. −
2 c−6 2 c−6

12n−8 kn+ 6 y−6 ky

6−4 k 3−3 k 4 ny
3. +
2y 2n
2 x 2−5 x +3
x x−1 x 2−9
4. −
x+3 x−3

H. Assignment

For your assignment, Add or

subtract the rational expressions.
Simplify your answers whenever
possible.
2 4
1) +
a+3 a+3

5 x +3 y 3 x + 4 y
2) −
2x ² y xy ²

ab 2b
3) −
8 x+ 4 8 x+ 4

5k 9p
4) +
k −16 k + 4
2

11 ab
5) −
x− y 2 x + y
Comments/Remarks:

Reflection: