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    Python Programming 19CSE282

    Uploaded by

    M. Siri Niketh
    This document provides information on reading from and writing to files in Python. It discusses opening files, reading file contents using a for loop, and closing files. It also covers opening files in write mode, writing strings to files using the write() method, and closing written files. Examples are provided that put all the steps together to read grades from a file and write the calculated GPAs to a new output file.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Python Programming 19CSE282

    Uploaded by

    M. Siri Niketh
    20 views18 pages
    This document provides information on reading from and writing to files in Python. It discusses opening files, reading file contents using a for loop, and closing files. It also covers opening files in write mode, writing strings to files using the write() method, and closing written files. Examples are provided that put all the steps together to read grades from a file and write the calculated GPAs to a new output file.

    Original Title

    Week7_FilesArrays

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    This document provides information on reading from and writing to files in Python. It discusses opening files, reading file contents using a for loop, and closing files. It also covers opening files in write mode, writing strings to files using the write() method, and closing written files. Examples are provided that put all the steps together to read grades from a file and write the calculated GPAs to a new output file.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views18 pages

    Python Programming 19CSE282

    Uploaded by

    M. Siri Niketh
    This document provides information on reading from and writing to files in Python. It discusses opening files, reading file contents using a for loop, and closing files. It also covers opening files in write mode, writing strings to files using the write() method, and closing written files. Examples are provided that put all the steps together to read grades from a file and write the calculated GPAs to a new output file.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    Python Programming

    19CSE282
    What You Need In Order To Read
    Informa4on From A File
    1.  Open the file and associate the file with a file
    variable.
    2.  A command to read the informa4on.
    3.  A command to close the file.
    1. Opening Files
    Prepares the file for reading:
    A.  Links the file variable with the physical file (references to the file variable are
    references to the physical file).
    B.  Posi4ons the file pointer at the start of the file.
    Format:1
    <file variable> = open(<file name>, "r")
    fhand = open(‘test’, “r”)

    Example:
    (Constant file name)
    inputFile = open("data.txt", "r")
    OR
    (Variable file name: entered by user at run4me)
    filename = input("Enter name of input file: ")
    inputFile = open(filename, "r")

    1 Examples assume that the file is in the same directory/folder as the Python program.
    2. Reading Informa4on From Files
    •  Typically reading is done within the body of a loop
    •  Each execu4on of the loop will read a line from the file into
    a string
    Print(fhand.readline())
    Format:
    for <variable to store a string> in <name of file variable>:
    <Do something with the string read from file>

    Example:
    for line in inputFile:
    print(line) # Echo file contents back onscreen
    Closing The File
    •  Although a file is automa4cally closed when your program
    ends it is s4ll a good style to explicitly close your file as soon
    as the program is done with it.
    •  What if the program encounters a run4me error and crashes before
    it reaches the end? The input file may remain ‘locked’ an
    inaccessible state because it’s s4ll open.
    •  Format:
    <name of file variable>.close()

    •  Example:
    inputFile.close()
    Reading From Files: PuTng It All
    Together
    Name of the online example: grades1.py
    Input files: letters.txt or gpa.txt

    inputFileName = input("Enter name of input file: ")
    inputFile = open(inputFileName, "r")
    print("Opening file", inputFileName, " for reading.")

    for line in inputFile:
    sys.stdout.write(line)


    inputFile.close()
    print("Completed reading of file", inputFileName)
    What You Need To Write
    Informa4on To A File
    1.  Open the file and associate the file with a file
    variable (file is “locked” for wri4ng).
    2.  A command to write the informa4on.
    3.  A command to close the file.
    1. Opening The File
    Format1:
    <name of file variable> = open(<file name>, "w")

    Example:
    (Constant file name)
    outputFile = open("gpa.txt", "w")

    (Variable file name: entered by user at run4me)
    outputFileName = input("Enter the name of the output file
    to record the GPA's to: ")
    outputFile = open(outputFileName, "w")

    1 Typically the file is created in the same directory/folder as the Python program.
    3. Wri4ng To A File
    •  You can use the ‘write()’ func4on in conjunc4on with a file variable.
    •  Note however that this func4on will ONLY take a string parameter
    (everything else must be converted to this type first).

    Format:
    outputFile.write(temp)

    Example:
    # Assume that temp contains a string of characters.
    outputFile.write (temp)
    Wri4ng To A File: PuTng It All Together
    • Name of the online example: grades2.py
    • Input file: “letters.txt” (sample output file name: gpa.txt)

    inputFileName = input("Enter the name of input file to read the

    grades from: ")

    outputFileName = input("Enter the name of the output file to

    record the GPA's to: ")

    inputFile = open(inputFileName, "r")


    outputFile = open(outputFileName, "w")

    print("Opening file", inputFileName, " for reading.")

    print("Opening file", outputFileName, " for writing.")


    gpa = 0
    Wri4ng To A File: PuTng It All Together (2)
    for line in inputFile:
    temp = str (gpa)
    if (line[0] == "A"): temp = temp + '\n'
    gpa = 4 print (line[0], '\t', gpa)
    outputFile.write (temp)
    elif (line[0] == "B"):
    gpa = 3
    elif (line[0] == "C"):
    gpa = 2
    elif (line[0] == "D"):
    gpa = 1
    elif (line[0] == "F"):
    gpa = 0
    else:
    gpa = -1

    Wri4ng To A File: PuTng It All
    Together (3)
    inputFile.close ()
    outputFile.close ()
    print ("Completed reading of file", inputFileName)
    print ("Completed writing to file", outputFileName)
    Arrays
    •  Array is a data structure that stores value of same data
    type.
    •  The difference between array and list:
    Python list -> different data types
    Python Array -> same data type
    •  Python does not have built in support for arrays
    •  Python lists can be used
    •  Module = ‘Array’ -> import array
    Crea4ng array
    array(data type, value list)
    Example:
    import array
    arr = array.array('i', [1, 2, 3])
    To print:
    for i in range(0,len(arr),):
    print(arr[i])

    To add element at the end of the array
    arr.append(4)

    To add element at the specific index
    arr.insert(2, 10)

    pop() -> This func4on removes the element at the posi;on men4oned in its argument, and returns it.

    arr.pop(2)

    remove() -> This func4on is used to remove the first occurrence of the value men4oned in its
    arguments.
    arr.append(1)
    arr.remove(1)
    Anonymous Func:ons
    •  Not declared using def keyword
    •  Lambda keyword – To create small anonymous func4on
    •  Can take any number of arguments. But can have only one
    expression
    •  Syntax:
    lambda arguments:expression
    •  Example
    res = lambda a : a+100
    print(type(res)) -- > <class ‘func4on’>
    print(res(240))

    Write a program to square and cube every
    number in a given list of integers using lambda
    func4on.



    Sample Input 1
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    Sample Output 1
    [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
    [1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000]


    inp_list = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

    square_nums = list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, inp_list))

    cube_nums = list(map(lambda x: x ** 3, inp_list))



    print(square_nums)

    print(cube_nums)

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