1) Introduction to AWS EKS (Small Overview)

2) Set up EKS Clusters Using eksctl

3) Deploy Simple NodeJs App using kubectl
4) Setting Up CI/CD With AWS CodePipeline
+ AWS CodeCommit + AWS CodeBuild
5) Configuring AWS EKS Cluster for CI/CD

A practical guide to AWS EKS CI/CD

By Sandip Das
Contents
➔ Introduction to AWS EKS
➔ Benefits
➔ Cost
➔ AWS EKS Architecture
➔ Kubernetes and VPC Networking
➔ Companies Using AWS EKS
➔ Let’s Create An AWS EKS Cluster & Deploy A Simple
NodeJs Application
➔ Install Essential Tools
➔ Create AWS EKS Cluster
➔ Build the docker image using Dockerfile
➔ Publishing/Store Image to AWS ECR (Elastic
Container Registry )
➔ Finally Let’s deploy the Application
➔ Let’s set-up the pipeline
➔ Add Required IAM Role
➔ Configuring AWS EKS Cluster for CI/CD
➔ Clean up everything
➔ More learning resources
➔ Thanks You 😇
AWS EKS
Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS)
makes it easy to deploy, manage, and scale containerized
applications using Kubernetes on AWS.

Amazon EKS runs the Kubernetes management

infrastructure for you across multiple AWS availability
zones to eliminate a single point of failure. Amazon EKS
is certified Kubernetes conformant so you can use
existing tooling and plugins from partners and the
Kubernetes community. Applications running on any
standard Kubernetes environment are fully compatible
and can be easily migrated to Amazon EKS.

Amazon EKS is generally available for all AWS

customers.
Benefits
Let’s discuss in short what features it
provides

➔ No Control plane to manage

➔ Secure by default

➔ Comformant and Compatible

➔ Optimized for cost

➔ Build with the community

Cost
Let’s discuss about the cost

➔ Each EKS Cluster Cost

$0.10/hour i.e. $73/month
You can use a single Amazon EKS cluster to
run multiple applications by taking advantage
of Kubernetes namespaces and IAM security
policies.

➔ EC2 Instances & EBS volumes

used in AS Worker Nodes
You pay for AWS resources , you create to run
your Kubernetes worker nodes. You only pay
for what you use, as you use it; there are no
minimum fees and no upfront commitments.
EKS
Architecture
Kubernetes and VPC
Networking
Companies Using AWS EKS
Let’s Create An AWS EKS Cluster & Deploy A Simple
NodeJs Application
Make sure to install awscli, eksctl, kubectl,aws-iam-authenticator

To make sure everything installed and all set, run:

sh prereqs.sh

Project GitHub url:

https://github.com/sd031/aws_codebuild_codedeploy_nodeJs_demo

All Kubernetes related config files are in “eks_cicd” folder

Video Tutorial on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEK7e0QUVio

Install Essential Tools
We will need below tools to be installed

➔ Install aws cli

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userg
uide/cli-chap-install.html (install cli v2)

➔ Install kubectl
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/user
guide/install-kubectl.html

➔ Install aws-iam-authenticator
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/user
guide/install-aws-iam-authenticator.html

➔ Install eksctl
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/user
guide/getting-started-eksctl.html or
https://eksctl.io/introduction/installation/
 Create AWS EKS Cluster
Create Cluster:
cluster.yaml
eksctl create cluster -f cluster.yaml

Then check for the message: apiVersion: eksctl.io/v1alpha5

kind: ClusterConfig
EKS cluster "<cluster name>" in
"<aws region>" region is ready
metadata:
Check that kubectl client get
auto set properly or not by: name: cicd-demo #cluster name
region: us-west-2 #desired region
cat /home/ec2-user/.kube/config

If want to Delete Cluster anytime: nodeGroups:

eksctl delete cluster -f cluster.yaml - name: ng-1 #cluster node group name
instanceType: t2.medium #desired instance type
Note: Running delete command will remove all the
desiredCapacity: 3 #desired nodes count / capacity
resources
ssh:
allow: false
 Build the docker image using Dockerfile

Run Below command from

Dockerfile
Project Directory to build the image FROM node:14
Before that install docker:
# Setting working directory. All the path will be
https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ relative to WORKDIR
To Make Docker Build WORKDIR /usr/src/app

docker image build -t <image_name>:tag . # Install app dependencies

(“.” refer to current directory) # A wildcard is used to ensure both package.json
AND package-lock.json are copied
e.g. # where available (npm@5+)
docker image build -t cicd-demo:v1 . COPY package*.json ./

RUN npm install

Test image running fine or not: # If you are building your code for production
docker run -d --name cicd-demo -p 3000:3000 cicd-demo:v1 # RUN npm ci --only=production

# Bundle app source

COPY . .

EXPOSE 3000
CMD [ "node", "index.js" ]
 Publishing Image to AWS ECR

It’s just like Docker Hub, where we can push and Pull image and we can

use it with AWS ECR same way. To get the docker login and auto execute

the login the command is:

aws ecr get-login-password --region <region name> | docker login --username

AWS --password-stdin <account_id>.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com

E.g aws ecr get-login-password --region us-west-2 | docker login --username

AWS --password-stdin 123456789012.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com

After this create a ECR repo from AWS

Management console, it will give a url like

Showing in right side diagram, after that tag

The image: (All command are already given in AWS ECR UI, just use the same)

docker tag cicd-demo:latest

123456789012.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cicd-demo:latest
docker push
123456789012.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cicd-demo:latest
Make sure you use the right tags
 Finally Let’s deploy the Application
kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f service.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
If any issue check logs: kind: Deployment
metadata:
kubectl get pods labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: cicd-demo
kubectl describe pod pod_name_here app.kubernetes.io/instance: cicd-demo-instance

service.yaml app.kubernetes.io/version: '1.0.0'

app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: kubectl
apiVersion: v1 name: cicd-demo-deployment
kind: Service spec:
metadata: replicas: 1
labels: selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: cicd-demo matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: cicd-demo-instance app: cicd-demo
app.kubernetes.io/version: "1.0.0" template:
app.kubernetes.io/component: backend metadata:
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: kubectl labels:
name: cicd-demo app: cicd-demo
spec: spec:
selector: containers:
app: cicd-demo - image: 120717539064.dkr.ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cicd-demo:latest
type: LoadBalancer imagePullPolicy: Always
ports: name: cicd-demo
- protocol: TCP ports:
port: 80 - containerPort: 3000
targetPort: 3000
 Let’s set-up the pipeline buildspec.yml

We will be creating one AWS Pipeline project e.g. cicd-demo

Then Configure AWS CodeCommit as source

And then using AWS CodeBuild We will make Build and Deploy changes in
AWS EKS

While Configuring AWS CodeBuild , make sure to set the build spec file
properly and to enter the required environment variables as follow:

AWS_DEFAULT_REGION
AWS_CLUSTER_NAME
AWS_ACCOUNT_ID
IMAGE_REPO_NAME
IMAGE_TAG

Also add, ecr, eks, s3 access to the build role

 Let’s create Required IAM Role
create_iam_role.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
In the first try you will see access denied error, to resolve that and add proper TRUST="{ \"Version\": \"2012-10-17\", \"Statement\": [ {
\"Effect\": \"Allow\", \"Principal\": {
IAM access, we will create a fresh AWS IAM Role and add needed policy
\"Service\": \"codebuild.amazonaws.com\" },
there and then attach that to the codebuild project \"Action\": \"sts:AssumeRole\" } ] }"

echo '{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect":

Run : "Allow", "Action": "eks:Describe*", "Resource": "*" } ] }' >
/tmp/iam-role-policy
chmod +x /eks_cicd/create_iam_role.sh
sh /eks_cicd/create_iam_role.sh aws iam create-role --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole
--assume-role-policy-document "$TRUST" --output text --query
'Role.Arn'

aws iam put-role-policy --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole

This will create a role called: CodeBuildKubectlRole
--policy-name eks-describe --policy-document
And in console you will see output as below like: file:///tmp/iam-role-policy
arn:aws:iam::youeaccountid:role/CodeBuildKubectlRole
aws iam attach-role-policy --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole
--policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/CloudWatchLogsFullAccess
Make sure to update/Edit CodeBuild role as shown
aws iam attach-role-policy --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole
in video tutorial so that CodeBuild project will --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AWSCodeBuildAdminAccess
have required access:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEK7e0QUVio aws iam attach-role-policy --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole
--policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AWSCodeCommitFullAccess

aws iam attach-role-policy --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole

--policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonS3FullAccess

aws iam attach-role-policy --role-name CodeBuildKubectlRole

--policy-arn
arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonEC2ContainerRegistryFullAccess
Configuring AWS EKS Cluster for CI/CD
Even though the CodeBuild role has permission to authenticate to the cluster, it doesn’t have the requisite RBAC access to do any other
action on the cluster. You can even list pods in the cluster. You should read the following quote from EKS documentation:
“When you create an Amazon EKS cluster, the IAM entity user or role, such as a federated user that creates the cluster, is automatically
granted system:masters permissions in the cluster's RBAC configuration. To grant additional AWS users or roles the ability to interact
with your cluster, you must edit the aws-auth ConfigMap within Kubernetes.”
So, we need to edit the aws-auth configmap.
How do you do that?
If you are the one who created the cluster, you need to run the following in your local terminal to create a copy of the aws-auth
configMap.
Option 1:
Since we are using eksctl tool, we can simply do the role mapping by running this command:
eksctl create iamidentitymapping --cluster cluster_name_here --arn role_arn_here --group
system:masters --username intended_user_name_here
E.g.
eksctl create iamidentitymapping --cluster cicd-demo --arn
arn:aws:iam::your_accoun_tid_here:role/CodeBuildKubectlRole --group system:masters --username CodeBuildKubectlRole

Check below URL for documentation

https://eksctl.io/usage/iam-identity-mappings/
Configuring AWS EKS Cluster for CI/CD
Option 2: aws-auth.yaml sample file
aws eks update-kubeconfig --name eks-cluster-name --region aws-region apiVersion: v1
kubectl get configmaps aws-auth -n kube-system -o yaml > kind: ConfigMap
aws-auth.yaml metadata:
Now, edit your aws-auth.yaml, and add the following under
name: aws-auth
data.mapRoles namespace: kube-system
data:
-rolearn: arn:aws:iam::510442909921:role/role-name
mapRoles: |
username: role-name - rolearn:
groups: arn:aws:iam::11122223333:role/EKS-Worker-NodeInstance
-system:masters Role-1I00GBC9U4U7B
username: system:node:{{EC2PrivateDNSName}}
Apply this configuration from your terminal:
kubectl apply -f aws-auth.yaml groups:
- system:bootstrappers
- system:nodes
If face any issue, follow this debug steps: - rolearn:
https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/am arn:aws:iam::11122223333:role/designated_role
azon-eks-cluster-access/ username: designated_role
groups:
- system:masters
 Clean up everything

Since we have used eksctl, it’s a lot easier

Delete cluster:

eksctl delete cluster -f cluster.yaml

Behind the scene the cloud formation stack will get deleted and accordingly resources will be deleted as well, must do it if you are doing in
development or test as a temporary deployment otherwise it will cost you a lot
There are few more things you need to know
This demo is just the start points of CICD and there is a lot more out there, the more you use it , the more
experience you will gather, so I will highly suggest try by yourself and deploy your own AWS EKS Cluster.

After trying the basic app deployments , the next thing you might be interested to learn are:

1) Using Spot instances with Kubernetes and save 90% of cost

2) Types of Deployments available in Kubernetes Deployment and how to configure it
3) Types of Services available in Kubernetes Service and how to configure it.
4) CI/CD with Kubernetes
5) Logging with Cloud Trail
6) Logging to Cloudwatch with Fluentd
7) Complex Authentication , Roles etc
Good luck!
I hope you’ll use this knowledge and build
awesome solutions.

If any issue contact me in Linkedin:

https://www.linkedin.com/in/sandip-das-developer/