QS 025/2

Matriculation Programme
Examination
Semester II
Session 2015/2016

Chow Choon Wooi

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

1. Weights (kg) of a random sample of 90 female students and 105 male student is summarised as

∑(𝑥 − 50) = −234 and ∑(𝑦 − 63) = 367.5 respectively. Calculate the mean weight of all the

students.

2. The length of newborn babies at a hospital for a particular year is normally distributed with mean

of 52 cm and standard deviation of 2.5 cm. A baby’s length is considered normal if it is between

46cm and 56 cm. From a list of 100 birth records selected randomly for that particular year at the

hospital, how many babies are expected to have normal lengths?

3. A car rental company has 7 cars available for rental each day. Assuming that each rental is for the

whole day and that the number of demands has a mean of 3 cars per day. Find the probability that

a) The company cannot meet the demand in any one day.

b) Less than 5 cars are rented in a period of 3 days.

4. Given 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.37, 𝑃(𝐵|𝐴) = 0.13 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵) = 0.47. Find

a) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵).

b) 𝑃(𝐵) and hence calculate 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′

5. Given a set of digits {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

a) Find the number of different ways to choose two prime digits from the set.

b) Four-digit numbers are to be formed from the set and the numbers do not start with

digit 0. Find the possible number of ways of getting

i. Even numbers between 6000 and 7000 if every digit can be repeated.

Chow Choon Wooi Page 2

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

ii. Numbers greater than 6000 that end with digit 5 and the digits can only be used

once.

iii. Numbers that contain exactly two odd digits and they must be next to each other

with no repetitions of digits allowed.

6. The time taken for 70 students to walk from the hostel to class in a certain college are shown in the

following table.

Time (minute) Number of student

2–4 5
5–7 9
8 – 10 19
11 – 13 21
14 – 16 12
17 - 19 4

a) Find the mean and mode.

b) Determine the 40th percentile.

c) Find the standard deviation.

d) Calculate the Pearson’s coefficient of skewness. Interpret your answer.

Chow Choon Wooi Page 3

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

7. A car insurance company offers two types of insurance plan for privately-owned cars, namely Plan

X and Plan Y. For a random sample of 60 clients for each insurance plan, the number of claims is

given in the following table.

Claim
Plan
Yes No

X 38 22

Y 45 15

Let

A = the event that no claim is made by the client

B = the event that the customer takes Plan X.

a) Find 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵).

b) Find 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵)

c) Given that the chosen client did not make any claim, find the probability that the insurance

plan taken was Plan X.

d) Determine whether the events “make a claim” and “the type of each insurance plan taken” are

independent. Give reason for your answer.

8. It is known that 37% of the students at a college do not take breakfast regularly. A random sample

of 20 students is chosen.

a) Find the probability that there are at least two students who do not take breakfast regularly.

b) Use normal approximation to calculate the probability that there are more than 10 students

who do not take breakfast regularly. Verify that the distribution can be approximated by a

normal distribution.

Chow Choon Wooi Page 4

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

9. The continuous random variable X has cumulative distribution function F(x) given by

0 , 𝑥≤0
𝑥2
, 0≤𝑥≤2
𝐹(𝑥) = 6 2
𝑥
− + 2𝑥 − 2 , 2≤𝑥≤3
3
{ 1 , 𝑥≥3

𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑

a) 𝑃(1 < 𝑋 < 2.2)

b) 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛

c) The probability density function of X.

d) The expected value of X.

19
e) The variance of X, given that 𝐸(𝑥 2 ) = .
6

10. Two dice are thrown and the numbers x and y obtained from each dice are noted. The discrete

random variable W is defined as

𝑥𝑦, 𝑥=𝑦
𝑊 = 𝑓(𝑥) = {
|𝑥 − 𝑦|, 𝑥≠𝑦

a) Write all the outcomes for W=4 and hence show that

5
𝑃(𝑊 = 4) =
36

b) Construct a table of the probability distribution of the random variable W. Hence, show that W

is a discrete random variable.

c) Find 𝑃(𝑊 > 9).

d) Find the mode of W.

e) Find 𝐸(𝑊) and hence, calculate 𝐸(3 – 4𝑊).

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Chow Choon Wooi Page 5

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

1. Weights (kg) of a random sample of 90 female students and 105 male student is summarised as

∑(𝑥 − 50) = −234 and ∑(𝑦 − 63) = 367.5 respectively. Calculate the mean weight of all the

students.

SOLUTION

∑(𝑥 − 50) = −234

90

∑(𝑥𝑛 − 50) = −234

𝑛=1

(𝑥1 − 50) + (𝑥2 − 50) + (𝑥3 − 50) + ⋯ + (𝑥89 − 50)+(𝑥90 − 50) = -234

(𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + ⋯ + 𝑥89 + 𝑥90 ) + (−50) (90) = -234

∑ 𝑥 − 4500 = −234

∑ 𝑥 = −234 + 4500

∑ 𝑥 = 4266 ……………………………………………………… (1)

105

∑(𝑥𝑛 − 63) = 367.5

𝑛=1

(𝑦1 − 63) + (𝑦 − 63) + (𝑦3 − 63) + ⋯ + (𝑦104 − 63)+(𝑦105 − 63) = 367.5

(𝑦1 + 𝑦2 + 𝑦3 + ⋯ + 𝑥104 + 𝑥105 ) + (−63) (105) = 367.5

∑ 𝑦 − 6615 = 367.5

∑ 𝑦 = 6982.5 ……………………………………………………… (2)

∑𝑥 +∑𝑦
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 =
𝑛

4266 + 6982.5
=
90 + 105

= 57.68

Chow Choon Wooi Page 6

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

2. The length of newborn babies at a hospital for a particular year is normally distributed with mean

of 52 cm and standard deviation of 2.5 cm. A baby’s length is considered normal if it is between

46cm and 56 cm. From a list of 100 birth records selected randomly for that particular year at the

hospital, how many babies are expected to have normal lengths?

SOLUTION

𝑋 − 𝑏𝑜𝑑𝑦 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑦

𝜇 = 52, 𝜎 = 2.5

𝑋~𝑁(𝜇, 𝜎 2 ) 𝑋~𝑁(𝜇, 𝜎 2 )  𝑍~𝑁(0, 1 )

𝑋~𝑁(52, 2.52 ) 𝑋−𝜇

𝑍=
𝜇
𝑃(46 < 𝑋 < 56)

46 − 52 56 − 52
= 𝑃( <𝑍< )
2.5 2.5

= 𝑃(−2.4 < 𝑍 < 1.6)

= 1 − 𝑃(𝑍 > 1.6) − 𝑃(𝑍 > 2.4)

= 1 − 0.0548 − 0.0082

-2.4 1.6
= 0.937

Thus, the expected number of normal length babies = 𝑛𝑝

= 100 𝑥 0.937

= 93.7

≈ 94

Chow Choon Wooi Page 7

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

3. A car rental company has 7 cars available for rental each day. Assuming that each rental is for the

whole day and that the number of demands has a mean of 3 cars per day. Find the probability that

a) The company cannot meet the demand in any one day.

b) Less than 5 cars are rented in a period of 3 days.

SOLUTION

(a) X = Number of cars rented in one day

𝜆=3

𝑋 ~ 𝑃𝑜(3)

𝑃(𝑋 > 7) = 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 8) = 0.0119

(b) Y = number of cars rented in 3 days

𝜆=9

𝑌 ~ 𝑃𝑜(9)

𝑃(𝑋 < 5) = 1 − 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 5)

= 1 − 0.9450

= 0.055

Chow Choon Wooi Page 8

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

4. Given 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.37, 𝑃(𝐵|𝐴) = 0.13 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵) = 0.47. Find

a) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵).

b) 𝑃(𝐵) and hence calculate 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′

SOLUTION

(a) 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.37

𝑃(𝐵|𝐴) = 0.13

𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
𝑃(𝐵|𝐴) =
𝑃(𝐴)

𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴). 𝑃(𝐵|𝐴)

= ( 0.37). (0.13)

= 0.0481

(b) 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ = 1 − [𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)]

𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)

𝑃(𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵) + 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)

= 0.47 + 0.0481

= 0.5181

𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ = 1 − [𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)]

= 1 − [0.37 + 0.5181 − 0.0481]

= 0.16

Chow Choon Wooi Page 9

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

5. Given a set of digits {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

a) Find the number of different ways to choose two prime digits from the set.

b) Four-digit numbers are to be formed from the set and the numbers do not start with

digit 0. Find the possible number of ways of getting

i. Even numbers between 6000 and 7000 if every digit can be repeated.

ii. Numbers greater than 6000 that end with digit 5 and the digits can only be used

once.

iii. Numbers that contain exactly two odd digits and they must be next to each other

with no repetitions of digits allowed.

SOLUTION

(a) 𝑆 = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}

𝑃 = { 2, 3, 5, 7 }

The number of different ways to choose two prime digits from the set = 4C2 = 6

(bi) Possible number of ways of getting Four-digit even numbers between 6000 and 7000 if

every digit can be repeated.

1 x 10 x 10 x 5 - 1

{ 6} {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} {0, 2, 4, 6, 8} 6000

𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑠

Possible number of ways = (1 𝑥 10 𝑥 10 𝑥 5) – 1

= 499

Chow Choon Wooi Page 10

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

(bii) Possible number of ways of getting Four-digit Numbers greater than 6000 that end with

digit 5 and the digits can only be used once.

4 x 8 x 7 x 1

{ 6, 7, 8, 9} {5}

𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑠

Possible number of ways = (4 𝑥 8 𝑥 7 𝑥 1)

= 224

(biii) Possible number of ways of getting Four-digit Numbers Numbers that contain exactly two

odd digits and they must be next to each other with no repetitions of digits allowed.

5 X 4 X 5 X 4 = 400
O O E E

4 X 5 X 4 X 4 = 320
E O O E

4 X 4 X 5 X 4 = 320
E E O O

Total 1040

Possible number of ways = (5 𝑥 4 𝑥 5 𝑥 4) + (4 𝑥 5 𝑥 4 𝑥 4) + (4 𝑥 4 𝑥 5 𝑥 4)

= 1040

Chow Choon Wooi Page 11

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

6. The time taken for 70 students to walk from the hostel to class in a certain college are shown in the

following table.

Time (minute) Number of student

2–4 5
5–7 9
8 – 10 19
11 – 13 21
14 – 16 12
17 - 19 4

a) Find the mean and mode.

b) Determine the 40th percentile.

c) Find the standard deviation.

d) Calculate the Pearson’s coefficient of skewness. Interpret your answer.

SOLUTION

Time (minute) Class Boundary 𝒙 𝒇 𝒇𝒙 𝒇𝒙𝟐

2–4 1.5 – 4.5 3 5 15 45

5–7 4.5 – 7.5 6 9 54 324
8 – 10 7.5 – 10.5 9 19 171 1539
11 – 13 10.5 – 13.5 12 21 252 3024
14 – 16 13.5 – 16.5 15 12 180 2700
17 - 19 16.5 – 19.5 18 4 72 1296
Total ∑ 𝑓 = 70 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 = 744 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 2 = 8928

∑ 𝑓𝑥
(a) Mean, 𝑥̅ = ∑𝑓

744
= = 10.63
70

Chow Choon Wooi Page 12

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

𝑑1
𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝐿𝑀 + [ ]𝑐
𝑑1 + 𝑑2

21 − 19
= 10.5 + [ ] (13.5 − 10.5)
(21 − 19) + (21 − 12)

2
= 10.5 + [ ]3
2+9

= 11.05

Time (minute) Class Boundary 𝒙 𝒇 𝒇𝒙 𝒇𝒙𝟐 𝑭

2–4 1.5 – 4.5 3 5 15 45 5

5–7 4.5 – 7.5 6 9 54 324 14
8 – 10 7.5 – 10.5 9 19 171 1539 33
11 – 13 10.5 – 13.5 12 21 252 3024 54
14 – 16 13.5 – 16.5 15 12 180 2700 66
17 - 19 16.5 – 19.5 18 4 72 1296 70
Total ∑ 𝑓 = 70 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 = 744 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 2 = 8928

𝑘
(100)𝑛−𝐹𝑘−1
(b) Persentile: 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝑘 + [ ]𝑐
𝑓𝑘

40
() 70 − 𝐹40−1
𝑃40 = 𝐿40 + [ 100 ]𝑐
𝑓40

28 − 14
= 7.5 + [ ] (10.5 − 7.5)
19

= 9.71

Chow Choon Wooi Page 13

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

1
∑ 𝑓𝑥 2 − (∑ 𝑓𝑥)2
(c) Variance: 𝑠2 = 𝑛
𝑛−1

1
8928 − (744)2
𝑠2 = 70
70 − 1

= 14.788

Standard deviation: 𝑠 = √𝑠 2

= √14.788

= 3.85

𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛−𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒
(d) Pearson’s coefficient of skewness 𝑆𝑘 =
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

10.63−11.05
=
3.85

= −0.109

∴ 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑠𝑘𝑒𝑤𝑒𝑑

Chow Choon Wooi Page 14

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

7. A car insurance company offers two types of insurance plan for privately-owned cars, namely Plan
X and Plan Y. For a random sample of 60 clients for each insurance plan, the number of claims is
given in the following table.

Plan Claim
Yes No
X 38 22
Y 45 15
Let
A = the event that no claim is made by the client
B = the event that the customer takes Plan X.

a) Find 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵).

b) Find 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵)
c) Given that the chosen client did not make any claim, find the probability that the insurance
plan taken was Plan X.
d) Determine whether the events “make a claim” and “the type of each insurance plan taken” are
independent. Give reason for your answer.

SOLUTION

Plan Claim Total

Yes / (A’) No / (A)
X / (B) 38 22 60
Y / (B’) 45 15 60
Total 83 37 120

22
(a) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) =
120

11
=
60

(b) 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴′ ) + 𝑃(𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵)

83 60 38
= + −
120 120 120

105 7
= =
120 8

Chow Choon Wooi Page 15

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

𝑃(𝐵∩𝐴) 22
(c) 𝑃(𝐵|𝐴) = =
𝑃(𝐴) 37

1
(d) 𝑃(𝐵) =
2

38
𝑃(𝐵|𝐴′) =
83

𝑃(𝐵|𝐴′) ≠ 𝑃(𝐵)

∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑎 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡.

Chow Choon Wooi Page 16

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

8. It is known that 37% of the students at a college do not take breakfast regularly. A random sample
of 20 students is chosen.

a) Find the probability that there are at least two students who do not take breakfast regularly.
b) Use normal approximation to calculate the probability that there are more than 10 students
who do not take breakfast regularly. Verify that the distribution can be approximated by a
normal distribution.

SOLUTION

(a) X – Students who do not take breakfast regularly

𝑋~𝐵(20, 0.37)

𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 2) = 1 − 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 1)

= 1 − 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 0) − 𝑃(𝑋 = 1)

= 1 − 20C0(0.37)0 (0.63)20- 20C1(0.37)1 (0.63)19

= 0.9988

(b) 𝜇 = 𝑛𝑝 = 20 𝑥 0.37 = 7.4

𝜎 2 = 𝑛𝑝𝑞 = 20 𝑥 0.37 𝑥 0.63 = 4.662

𝑋 ~ 𝑁(7.4, 4.662)
Continuity Correction
𝑃(𝑋 > 10)

= 𝑃(𝑋 > 10.5) 𝑋−𝜇

𝑍=
𝜎
10.5 − 7.4
= 𝑃(𝑍 > )
√4.662

10.5 − 7.4
= 𝑃(𝑍 > )
√4.662

= 𝑃(𝑍 > 1.44)

= 0.0749

The distribution can be approximated by a normal distribution as

𝑛𝑝 = 20 𝑥 0.37 = 7.4 > 5

𝑛𝑞 = 20 𝑥 0.63 = 12.6 > 5

Chow Choon Wooi Page 17

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

9. The continuous random variable X has cumulative distribution function F(x) given by

0 , 𝑥≤0
𝑥2
, 0≤𝑥≤2
𝐹(𝑥) = 6 2
𝑥
− + 2𝑥 − 2 , 2≤𝑥≤3
3
{ 1 , 𝑥≥3

𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑
a) 𝑃(1 < 𝑋 < 2.2)
b) 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛
c) The probability density function of X.
d) The expected value of X.
19
e) The variance of X, given that 𝐸(𝑥 2 ) = .
6

SOLUTION

(a) 𝑃(1 < 𝑋 < 2.2)

= 𝐹(2.2) − 𝐹(1)
(2.2)2 12
= [− + 2(2.2) − 2] − ( )
3 6
= 0.62

(b) 𝐹(𝑚) = 0.5

𝑚2
= 0.5
6
𝑚2 = 0.5 𝑥 6
𝑚2 = 3
𝑚 = √3 since 𝑚 > 0

(c)
𝒅
𝑭(𝒙) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝑭(𝒙)
𝒅𝒙
𝑑
𝑥≤0 𝐹(𝑥) = 0 𝑓(𝑥) = (0) = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 𝑑 𝑥2 𝑥
0≤𝑥≤2 𝐹(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) = ( )=
6 𝑑𝑥 6 3
𝑥2 𝑑 𝑥2 2𝑥
2≤𝑥≤3 𝐹(𝑥) = − + 2𝑥 − 2 𝑓(𝑥) = (− + 2𝑥 − 2) = − + 2
3 𝑑𝑥 3 3
𝑑
𝑥≥3 𝐹(𝑥) = 1 𝑓(𝑥) = (0) = 0
𝑑𝑥

Chow Choon Wooi Page 18

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

𝑥
, 0≤𝑥≤2
3
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥
− + 2, 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
3
{0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒

∞
(d) 𝐸(𝑥) = ∫−∞ 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
0 2 3 ∞
𝑥 2𝑥
=∫ 𝑥 (0) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 (− + 2) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 (0) 𝑑𝑥
−∞ 0 3 2 3 3
2 2 3
𝑥 2𝑥 2
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ − + 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
0 3 2 3
2 2 3
𝑥 2𝑥 2
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ − 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
0 3 2 3

2 3
𝑥32𝑥 3
=[ ] −[ − 𝑥 2]
9
0
9 2

23 03 2(3)3 2(2)3
= [( ) − ( )] − [( − (3)2 ) − ( − (2)2 )]
9 9 9 9
8 16
= − [(6 − 9) − (
− 4)]
9 9
8 20
= − [−3 − (− )]
9 9
5
=
3

(e) 𝑣𝑎𝑟(𝑥) = 𝐸(𝑥 2 ) − [𝐸(𝑥)]2

19 52
= −[ ]
6 3
7
=
18

Chow Choon Wooi Page 19

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

10. Two dice are thrown and the numbers x and y obtained from each dice are noted. The discrete

random variable W is defined as

𝑥𝑦, 𝑥=𝑦
𝑊 = 𝑓(𝑥) = {
|𝑥 − 𝑦|, 𝑥≠𝑦

a) Write all the outcomes for W=4 and hence show that

5
𝑃(𝑊 = 4) =
36

b) Construct a table of the probability distribution of the random variable W. Hence, show that W

is a discrete random variable.

c) Find 𝑃(𝑊 > 9).

d) Find the mode of W.

e) Find 𝐸(𝑊) and hence, calculate 𝐸(3 – 4𝑊).

SOLUTION

X
1 2 3 4 5 6
y

1 1 1 2 3 4 5
2 1 4 1 2 3 4
3 2 1 9 1 2 3
4 3 2 1 16 1 2
5 4 3 2 1 25 1
6 5 4 3 2 1 36

a) W=4

{(2,2), (5,1), (1,5), (2,6), (6,2)}

5
𝑃(𝑊 = 4) =
36

Chow Choon Wooi Page 20

PSPM I QS 025/2 Session 2015/2016

b)

W 1 2 3 4 5 9 16 25 36

11 8 6 5 2 1 1 1 1
P(W=w)
36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36

11 8 6 5 2 1 1 1 1
∑ 𝑃(𝑊 = 𝑤) = + + + + + + + + =1
36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36

c) 𝑃(𝑊 > 9) = 𝑃(𝑊 = 16) + 𝑃(𝑊 = 25) + 𝑃(𝑊 = 36)

1 1 1
= + +
36 36 36

3
=
36

1
=
12

d) Mode = 1

e) 𝐸(𝑊) = ∑ 𝑊[P(W = w)]

11 8 6 5 2 1 1 1 1
= 1 ( ) + 2 ( ) + 3 ( ) + 4 ( ) + 5 ( ) + 9 ( ) + 16 ( ) + 25 ( ) + 36 ( )
36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36

161
=
36

f) 𝐸(3 − 4𝑊) = 3 − 4𝐸(𝑊)

161
= 3 − 4( )
36

134
=−
9

Chow Choon Wooi Page 21