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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

1.PHOBIA

The process of conditioning no doubt plays an important role in emotional life and in everyday
likes and dislikes. A psychologist has reported the case of a girl who was intensely afraid of
spiders. Even the most harmless little red mite would provoke a scream and symptoms of

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uncontrollable fear. It was found that when she was small she had been bitten by a large spider.
The bite itself was not serious, and she might have taken it in a matter-of-fact way, except for

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her mother's excitement and distress. The girl's normal reflex from the pain of the bite became
conditioned by her mother's excitement so that it resulted in extravagant terror at the mere
sight of a spider. Often we seek to justify a conditioned response and give it a rational basis,
although it originates in some accidental association of events.
om

1-The main purpose of this passage is ------ .

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A) to teach us how to understand and overcome some of our fears

B) to explain to parents how to deal with childhood accidents
c

C) to show how our phobias and responses to things may be formed

onlne.

D) to blame parents for the way that their children respond to things
E) to teach us how important it is to have a good and happy childhood

2-The case of the girl who was bitten by the spider is reported in order to illustrate ----
YE
-- .

A) how overreaction to an unimportant event can turn it into an immense fear

B) that a childhood disease can cause a lifelong handicap, if not treated properly
C) how ridiculous it is that some people are frightened of small creatures, such as spiders
D) that not all spider bites are harmful, even to children
dl

E) that it is important to protect very young children from being bitten by animals

3-The author says that people often ------ .

yes

A) make children copy their own responses and reactions to events

B) attempt to explain away their irrational fears in rational terms
C) get rid of their fears by avoiding the things they find frightening
D) join organisations created by and for people who share their fears
E) lie about their fears and pretend they aren't really frightened at all

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

2.HISTORY UNDER THE WAVES

A team of marine archaeologists led by Robert ,Ballard, an internationally renowned scientist

who made headlines when he located the remains of the oceanliner Titanic in 1986, announced in

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1997 yet another extraordinary discovery made in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea. Using a
sophisticated nuclear submarine on loan from the United States Navy, the marine archaeologists

İ
located five ships in the depths of the Mediterranean that had sunk over a period of 2,000
years. Three of the wrecks were relatively modern. One, believed to be a relic of the Ottoman
Empire, dated back to the 18th or 19th century. Two more ships, believed to be of European
origin, also dated back to the 19th century, the archaeologists estimated. Two other ships
discovered at the bottom of the sea, however, were believed to have originated in the classical
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world over two thousand years ago, when the imperial powers of Rome and Carthage dominated

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the region and its shipping routes. Historians unanimously praised the discovery as one that
would redefine modern perceptions of trade in the ancient world.
c
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4-We understand from the passage that marine archaeology ------ .

A) concentrates on exploring trade routes

B) is impossible without nuclear power
C) focuses more on modern history
YE
D) explores underwater sites for remnants of the past
E) is solely concerned with retrieving treasure

5-In 1997, archaeologists ------ .

dl

A) determined that the Ottoman Empire was older than previously thought
B) located the first examples of classical ships ever to have been found
C) proved that the ancient Romans used to trade with the Carthaginians
D) determined the exact ages of five European and African ships
yes

E) found a number of ships whose ages spanned a couple of millennia

6-Robert Ballard's discovery ------ .

A) has brought great wealth to him and his team

B) has been widely criticised by most classical historians
C) will allow new understanding of classical commerce
D) took him and his team approximately eleven years to investigate
E) proves that Rome and Carthage were the superpowers of their time

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

3.ROMANTICISM

If one term can be used to describe the forces that have shaped the modern world, it is
Romanticism. Romanticism had a dynamic impact on art, literature, science, religion, economics,

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politics and the individual's understanding of self. There is no single commonly accepted
definition of Romanticism, but it has some features upon which there is general agreement. First

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of all, it was a rejection of the Enlightenment and the emphasis upon human reason. The
Enlightenment thinkers asserted that the world of nature is rationally ordered and that human
reason, therefore, can analyse, understand and use it. On the basis of this understanding, a
rational society can be constructed. These were ideas that were almost totally opposed by
romantics. Romanticism did not appear suddenly. If a date were to be chosen, however, 1774
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would be a useful one. It was the publication year of Johann von Goethe's 'Sorrows of Werther',

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a novel about a young man who is so disappointed in love that he kills himself. This fictional
suicide brought on many real ones as the novel's vogue swept across Europe.
c
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7-Concerning a definition of Romanticism, it is made clear in the passage that ------ .

A) nobody agrees on anything about this movement

B) Romanticism developed in parallel to the Enlightenment
C) nobody has ever attempted to define exactly what it was
YE
D) it's difficult to define the term and there's much disagreement
E) it had many ideas in common with the Enlightenment

8-It may be inferred from the passage that Romantics believed that ----- .
dl

A) human beings were not capable of understanding and controlling nature

B) the Enlightenment produced many important and useful ideas
C) an ordered society was more important than any individual person
D) the human mind could understand and analyse the natural world
yes

E) it was possible for humans to construct an ordered and rational society

9-'The Sorrows of Werther' ------ .

A) was written in 1774 as a textbook on Romanticism

B) apparently caused many people to kill themselves
C) was little-known when written, but is useful today
D) is acknowledged as the book which created Romanticism overnight
E) was the true story of a man who killed himself for love

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

4.THE RIVER THAMES

Not for its length but for its location is the Thames one of the best-known rivers in the world.
Although it is only 338 kilometres long, it is England's chief waterway. The Thames begins at
Seven Springs in the Cotswold Hills. From there it pursues a very winding course through the

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Chiltern Hills. At Oxford, the famous university town, it is met by its chief western tributary,
the River Cherwell. This is the beginning of commercial navigation. From here the river flows

İ
through the English countryside, passing such well-known sites as Henley, where the annual
regatta is held; the royal residence at Windsor Castle; the college town of Eton; Hampton,
famous for its beautiful Hampton Court Palace built during the reign of Henry VIII; and then on
to London. By the time the Thames reaches London, it has become an estuary, a section of the
North Sea affected by the tides. The river flows for 40 kilometres through Greater London,
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past the Tate Gallery, Lambeth Palace, the houses of Parliament, the Royal Festival Hall and

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National Theatre complex, Southwark Cathedral, and the Tower of London.

c

10-Many people know about the Thames because ------ .

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A) it is one of the widest rivers in Europe

B) it flows through almost all of England
C) boats can sail it from one end to the other
D) it is such an extremely long river for Europe
YE
E) it passes through many historical and famous places

11-It can be determined from the passage that the Cotswold Hills ------ .

A) are famous because of their well-known university

dl

B) are larger and more important than the Chiltern Hills

C) are less than 300 kilometres from Greater London
D) are home to the source of the Cherwell and the Thames
E) consist of seven hills, upon which small towns are built
yes

12-The visitor to London may notice that ------ .

A) the water level of the Thames changes depending on the tides

B) it's impossible to get to the Tate Gallery without using a boat
C) London is only 40 kilometres across at its greatest distance
D) a large section of the Thames was directed into canals by Henry VIII
E) they are hundreds of kilometres north of the Cotswold Hills

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

5.I-HO CH'UAN

In the summer of 1900, members of a secret society roamed northeastern China in bands, killing
Europeans and Americans and destroying buildings owned by foreigners. They called themselves
I-ho ch'uan, or "Righteous and Harmonious Fists." They practised boxing skills that they

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believed made them impervious to bullets. To Westerners they became known as the Boxers, and
their uprising was called the Boxer Rebellion. Most Boxers were peasants or urban thugs from

İ
northern China who resented the growing influence of Westerners in their land. They organised
themselves in 1898, and in the same year the Chinese government — then ruled by the Ch'ing
Dynasty — secretly allied with the Boxers to oppose such outsiders as Christian missionaries and
European businessmen. The Boxers failed to drive foreigners out of China, but they set the
stage for the successful Chinese revolutionary movement of the early 20th century.
om

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13-The Boxers had little fear of guns because ------.

c
onlne.

A) they vastly outnumbered their opponents

B) according to their beliefs, guns couldn't harm them
C) they believed that moral law was on their side
D) they had the open support of the army and government
E) their identities were hidden so no one knew who they were
YE
14-In general, the people who joined the movement were ------ .

A) highly-placed political figures

B) ordinary middle-class city dwellers
dl

C) members of the famous Ch'ing Dynasty

D) from higher classes of the society
E) poor agricultural workers and criminals
yes

15-In 1898, the Chinese government ------ .

A) took a firm stand against the Ch'ing Dynasty

B) sent out spies in order to overthrow the Boxers
C) were in favour of foreign influences in their country
D) tried to prevent the Boxers from harming foreigners
E) worked in alliance with the Boxers against foreigners

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

6.WHAT'S YOUR SIGN?

"What's your sign?" was a cliche of the 1970s. For instant character analysis, distinct
personality traits have been identified with each of the signs. Many people still like to check
their daily horoscope for the general outlook of their sign. Others have their own personal
horoscopes drawn up for more specific information that might help them make wiser decisions.

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Today, with the help of computers, astrologers can make the complex mathematical
computations for a horoscope in five or ten minutes. Such computations used to take hours or

İ
even days. Many professional astrologers use computers in this way to save their time and
energy for the art of interpreting the data. No one has been able to prove the scientific
accuracy of astrological predictions. Results vary with the individual astrologer's interpretive
skill — a skill that is part intuition and part training. Attempts to measure and define such skill
have been inconclusive.
om

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c

16-We understand from the passage that many people consult their horoscopes ------ .
onlne.

A) out of a personal curiosity about astronomy

B) so that they are able to become more intelligent
C) in order to escape from getting involved in psychoanalysis
D) so they can be sure of what will happen in the future
YE
E) for assistance in deciding what to do in their lives

17-Technology has helped astrology in that ------ .

A) it has become much easier to be able to know about future events

dl

B) computers make the complicated calculations involved in it much simpler

C) horoscopes are now much more artistic than they were in the past
D) now the predictions are based on scientific proof, not on guessing
E) today, horoscopes are much more complicated than they used to be
yes

18-How accurate horoscopes are ------ .

A) causes a great amount of concern to the people who rely on them

B) is a matter of great debate among the world's leading scientists
C) can only be determined with the help of an individual's intuition
D) has not been able to be proved through the use of science
E) depends on the type of computer programme used by the astrologer

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

7.WHO'S EATING WHO?

The story of the Donner party is one of the most tragic incidents in American frontier history.
A group of about 90 migrants led by George Donner were caught in a blinding snowstorm in the
mountains of California in 1846. Survivors had been forced to resort to eating the flesh of their

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dead comrades to live. Such eating of human flesh by humans is called cannibalism. The word
comes from the Arawakan language name for the Carib Indians, who were well known for their

İ
practice of cannibalism. The word is also used in a zoological sense to refer to the eating of any
animal by another member of the same species. Wolves, for instance, will devour each other
when desperately hungry. Among humans, cannibalism has been widespread in prehistoric and
primitive societies. It is still believed to be practised in remote areas of the island of New
Guinea. It existed until recently in parts of Africa, Sumatra, Melanesia, and Polynesia; among
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various Indian tribes of the Americas; and among the aborigines of Australia and the Maoris of

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New Zealand.
c

19-Some members of the Donner party ------ .

onlne.

A) came from tribes where cannibalism was practised

B) grew tired of eating only vegetables and began to eat each other
C) became blind as a result of the harsh conditions during the journey
D) survived by eating the flesh of their dead
YE
E) were killed and consumed by the native cannibals

20-It's stated in the passage that the Carib Indians ------ .

A) are known to have eaten other people

dl

B) must have learnt to eat members of the same species from wolves
C) only ate the members of the Arawak Indians
D) created the word cannibalism for the human-flesh eating Arawakans
E) were responsible for the disappearance of the Donner party
yes

21-In today's world, cannibalism ------ .

A) is a major threat to outsiders in Australia and Africa

B) is much less common than it used to be
C) is only practised by wolves
D) has totally disappeared
E) persists even in civilised societies

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

8.SWIMMING BIRDS OF THE ANTARCTIC

Penguin ancestors could fly as well as any other sea bird. Now its wings are short, paddle-like
flippers that are entirely useless for flight. The bird has lived for ages in or near the Antarctic
regions, where it has few enemies. Thus it came to spend all of its time on land or in the water.

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For generations it did not fly. In the course of evolution, its wings became small and stiff and
lost their long feathers. The penguins, however, became master swimmers and divers. Of all

İ
birds, they are the most fully adapted to water. Their thick coat of feathers provides a smooth
surface that is impenetrable to water. Their streamlined bodies glide through the water easily.
The birds use their wings as swimmers use their arms in a crawl stroke, and they steer with
their feet. Penguins can swim at speeds of more than 25 miles per hour. When they want to leave
the water, they can leap as much as 6 feet from the water's surface onto a rock or iceberg.
om

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22-The birds from which penguins are descended ------ .

A) initially had to fight a number of enemies in Antarctica

B) had flippers to enable them to swim easily
C) were as capable of flight as any normal bird
YE
D) fled to Antarctica to escape from their enemies
E) were the first birds to lose the ability to fly

23-Penguins are especially well-suited to water because they ------ .

dl

A) live in Antarctica, which is surrounded by water

B) have flippers, instead of wings, and streamlined bodies
C) have long feathers to protect them from the icy polar water
D) are simply no longer very good at flying
yes

E) spend so much of their time living on the land

24-When penguins desire to get out of the water, ------ .

A) they swim very fast in order to get above the surface

B) they move their wings and fly onto the nearest iceberg
C) their feet help them gain enough speed to leap above the waves
D) their streamlined bodies enable them to do so quite easily
E) they are capable of jumping nearly six feet high to do it

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

9.LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN

The composer of some of the most influential pieces of music ever written, Ludwig van
Beethoven created a bridge between the 18th-century classical period and the new beginnings of
Romanticism. His greatest breakthroughs in composition came in his instrumental work, including

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his symphonies. Unlike his predecessor Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, for whom writing music
seemed to come easily, Beethoven always struggled to perfect his work. In the late 1700s

İ
Beethoven began to suffer from early symptoms of deafness. The cause of his disability is still
uncertain. By 1802 Beethoven was convinced that the condition not only was permanent, but was
getting progressively worse. He spent that summer in the country and wrote what has become
known as the "Heiligenstadt Testament." In the document, seemingly intended for his two
brothers, Beethoven expressed his humiliation and despair. For the rest of his life he searched
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for a cure, but by 1819 his deafness had become total. Afterwards, in order to have

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conversations with his friends, Beethoven had them write down their questions and replied
orally.
c
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25-Perhaps the biggest problem in Beethoven's life was ......... .

A) when he gradually lost his hearing over a period of about twenty years
B) the fact that he had to respond in writing to the questions of his friends
YE
C) when he lost his two brothers and wrote the "Heiligenstadt" for them
D) his sudden and unexpected deafness in the early nineteenth century
E) the fact that he was always being compared to the superior Mozart
dl

26-Unlike Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, ........

A) Beethoven's music was loved by all sorts of people

B) Beethoven wrote music that greatly affected people
C) Beethoven refused to perform uncorrected music
yes

D) Beethoven's music was never intended to be sung

E) Beethoven had to work very hard to write his music

27-Beethoven's music is said to ------ .

A) have caused the end of the classical period of music

B) had a great influence on the works of the composer Mozart
C) be among the most romantic music ever composed
D) have started a new generation of instrumental love songs
E) serve as a connection between two different periods of music

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

10.OUR ANIMAL FRIENDS

The human race's progress on the Earth has been due in part to the animals that people have
been able to utilise throughout history. Such domesticated animals carry people and their
burdens. They pull machinery and help cultivate fields. They provide food and clothing. As pets

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they may amuse or console their owners. Domesticated animals are those that have been bred in
captivity for many generations. While a single animal may be tamed, only a species of animals can

İ
be considered domesticated. In the course of time, by selective breeding, certain animals have
changed greatly in appearance and behaviour from their wild ancestors. There is a vast
difference between the scrawny red jungle fowl of southern Asia and its descendant, the meaty,
egg-laying farm chicken. Not all domestic animals are tame at all times. An angry bull, a mother
goose, or a mother sow with young piglets can be vicious. Some creatures confined in zoos breed
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in captivity. The lion is an example. These animals are not domesticated, however, for they

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remain wild and dangerous.

c
onlne.

28-The author suggests that ......... .

A) people have contributed greatly to the advancement of animals

B) if there were no animals, most people would be hungry and naked
C) without the help of animals, people wouldn't have progressed so far
YE
D) animals are generally better at working on farms than people are
E) it would be impossible to transport machines without the help of animals

29-The passage tells us that lions in zoos ------ .

dl

A) are a different variety to the wild type, altered by selective breeding

B) are capable of helping out with many jobs difficult for men
C) are not domesticated, but still wild
D) do not bear any resemblance to their ancestors in the wild
yes

E) are not capable of breeding in captivity

30-The passage implies that, by the process of selective breeding ------ .

A) animals are altered so that they are more useful to man

B) wild animals are captured and kept in cages
C) normally friendly animals may become very dangerous
D) any wild bird is changed into a chicken over time
E) domestic animals are taught to choose their own mates

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

11.HOW TO TREAT FROSTBITE

Frostbite is a common injury in winter weather, particularly when low temperatures are combined
with wind. The nose, ears, fingers, toes and chin are the most susceptible. The involved part
begins to tingle or hurt mildly and then becomes numb. Frozen tissue usually ranges from
distinctly white in light-skinned persons to ashen grey in dark-skinned persons. Here are some

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tips to help rescue someone with frostbite:
1. Remove the person from the cold as soon as it is possible.

İ
2. Every effort should be made to protect the frozen part. If there is a chance that the part
might refreeze before reaching medical care, it may be more harmful to thaw it and let it
refreeze than to await arrival at the treatment area for thawing.
3. Rapid rewarming is essential. Do not rub the injured part; friction may cause further damage.
Use lukewarm water or use warmed blankets. Within about 30 minutes sensation may return to
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the part, which may become red, swollen and painful.

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4. When the part is warm, keep it dry and clean. If blisters appear, use sterile dressings.
c

31-We learn from the passage that frostbite ------ .

onlne.

A) is extremely painful from the moment it sets in .

B) only affects the nose, ears, fingers, toes and chin
C) is usually only slightly painful at the beginning
D) is the most common injury in winter
YE
E) may occur anywhere in any weather conditions

32-According to the passage, if you encounter someone with frostbite, first of all, you
should ------ .
dl

A) massage the frozen body part gently

B) unfreeze the affected part immediately
C) wrap the affected part in sterile bandages
D) warm the patient as quickly as possible
yes

E) use water as hot as the patient can bear

33-From the information given in the passage, we understand that the frozen body part --
---- .

A) is lost in most cases

B) loses sensation
C) becomes red
D) has a bumpy appearance
E) should be rubbed for rapid rewarming

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

12.THE FATHER OF THE AMERICAN RESTAURANT

For nearly 50 years Lorenzo Delmonico ran the foremost and largest restaurant in the United
States. Nobody in the 19th century contributed more than he did to make the concept of fine
restaurant dining a reality in America. Delmonico, born in Switzerland in 1813, went to New York

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at the age of 19 and worked with relatives in a catering firm. He soon opened a restaurant that
offered an unusually large menu, including a great variety of European dishes never before

İ
served in the United States. He also served American wild game as well as a selection of wines.
The success of the restaurant inspired him to open branch restaurants, including-the
internationally renowned Delmonico's on the corner of Broadway and 26th Street in New York
City. His organisation also operated its own farm in nearby Brooklyn and temporarily ran a hotel.
His fame as a restaurateur brought many imitators, and between them they helped make New
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York City one of the primary culinary centres in the world. He was largely responsible for making

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the restaurant an accepted and popular institution.

c
onlne.

34-One of the factors that made Delmonico's first restaurant different from other
restaurants was that ------ .

A) a choice of free wine was provided along with the meal ordered
B) it used special serving dishes which were imported from Europe
YE
C) the range of food on offer at the restaurant was uncommonly large
D) much of the food was freshly imported from European countries
E) it was the first American restaurant to serve European cuisine
dl

35-It is clear from the passage that Delmonico ------ .

A) opened a chain of restaurants which he called 'Delmonico's'

B) was first involved with the catering service in Switzerland
C) created his style by imitating other famous restaurants
yes

D) purchased most of the ingredients of the food he served from a nearby farm
E) ran a hotel on a farm not far from New York for a while

36-We learn from the passage that Delmonico ------ .

A) went out of business when larger restaurants came into existence

B) opened the very first restaurant in New York City
C) ran a catering business with his relatives in Switzerland before he left
D) managed his organisation as a family business
E) played a major role in establishing the concept of the restaurant in the USA

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

13.HONORE DE BALZAC

The great French novelist Honore de Balzac was born in Tours, France, in 1799 to a peasant's
son who had become a banker and a supplier to Napoleon's army. His mother came from a middle-
class family. In infancy he lived at his nurse's home. When he was 4, he was boarded out with

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strangers, coming home only on Sundays. When he was 7 he was sent to a boarding school at
VendÛme. He was a poor student, neglected by his parents and misunderstood by his teachers.

İ
He attended the University of Paris for a time, then was apprenticed to a notary. When he was
20, Balzac asserted himself. He begged his parents to support him for two years while he
prepared to be a writer. In a Paris garret he wrote several amateurish pieces that interested no
one. Then in 1829 he wrote 'Les Chouans', the first volume of The Human Comedy'. This series
of almost 80 novels and tales forms a social history of France in the first half of the 1800s. In
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the works Balzac depicts more than 2,000 named characters.

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37-The passage contains the information that Honore de Balzac's father ------ .
c
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A) was a military man for a time

B) never helped his son at all
C) was devoted to his son
D) was born into a poor family
E) came from the upper-class
YE
38-When, at the age of 20, Balzac begged his parents, he wanted them ------ .

A) to use their influence to establish a writing career for him

B) to assist him to join the literary world
dl

C) to let him live on his own

D) to help him with the writing of his first book
E) to meet his living expenses for a couple of years
yes

39-Honore de Balzac ------ .

A) became a successful writer within two years of trying

B) wrote contemporary works rather than historical novels
C) started earning his own living at the age of twenty
D) wrote very funny books, intending to make the reader laugh
E) lived with his parents during his early years as an author

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

14."NAKED" DNA

According to a report issued by Australian forensic scientists, humans are leaving traces of
their DNA on everything they touch. Scientists from the Victoria Forensic Science Center in
Victoria, Australia, reported in the journal Nature, that they had found DNA on coffee mugs,

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pens, keys, and assorted everyday items, then traced it back to its various "owners." While the
scientists were unclear as to the exact source of this "naked" DNA, or DNA that exists outside

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of cells, they suggested that DNA might have escaped from dying cells and remained on the
surface of the skin. Previously, DNA had been recovered from blood and other body fluids and
apparently, in the case of accused "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski, from traces of saliva
collected from licked stamps. Police have used DNA as evidence in cases of murder, robbery,
extortion and other crimes. The researchers found that people can pick up other people's DNA
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on their hands, which raised the possibility that DNA found at a crime scene might not belong to

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the criminal.
c
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40-It is implied in the passage that DNA ------ .

A) is only formed in dead cells

B) has no real use except to the police force
C) is usually found on the outside of the skin
YE
D) does not survive very long outside the cells
E) is unique to an individual

41-Before the Australian forensic scientists made the discovery mentioned in the passage,
dl

------ .

A) no one knew how to match DNA samples to their 'owners'

B) it wasn't known that DNA could be transferred via the skin's surface
C) scientists didn't know that each person's DNA was different
yes

D) DNA had not been used successfully as a means of identification

E) scientists were not sure where DNA samples actually came from

42-We can conclude from the passage that ------ .

A) crime scene DNA evidence may lead to convict an innocent person

B) it is easier to extract DNA from body fluids, like saliva
C) Theodore Kaczynski, the 'Unabomber', was caught owing to this discovery
D) DNA is most frequently used as evidence in cases of murder and robbery
E) police can find the actual criminal in every case using DNA as evidence

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

15.TO TEACH OR NOT TO TEACH

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that children develop - intellectually,

physically and emotionally - much like plants. He believed, moreover, that children are innately
good, but that all social institutions, including schools, are evil, distorting children into their own
image. He doubted, therefore, that there should be formal schools at all. Whether there were

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or not, however, he believed that the aim of education should be the natural development of the
learner. From age 2 to 12, Rousseau envisioned the cultivation of the body and the senses, not

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the intellect. When the youngster's intellect begins to develop, at about 12 to 15, he can begin
the study of such things as science and geography. The study, however, should begin not with an
organised body of abstract knowledge, but with the things that interest the child. He must learn
not by memorising, but by firsthand experience. Only when he is 15 should book learning begin.
Since Rousseau believed that the child is innately good and that the aim of education should be
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his natural development, there would be little for the teacher to' do except stand aside and

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watch.

43-Following Rousseau's opinion, we can say that ------ .

c
onlne.

A) children should only be allowed to develop the abilities they are born with
B) evil-doers are not born with their bad qualities but learn them through social institutions
C) schools and other educational facilities are the worst social institutions
D) there should definitely be no formal education or schools for children
YE
E) children are born fully developed intellectually, physically and emotionally

44-Rousseau believed that, once a child reaches the age of about 12, he ------ .

A) may start studying the natural world, which offers him firsthand experience
dl

B) should start reading books, but alone, not with a teacher

C) should be ready to start using his powers of reason for more abstract things
D) is old enough to be sent to a formal school and be taught abstract knowledge
E) will naturally know almost everything he needs to know
yes

45-We can conclude that, according to Rousseau's ideology, a child should be taught by --
---- .

A) teachers who have little interest in children's development

B) teachers who have a lot of personal experience and knowledge
C) teachers who will allow him to discover things for himself
D) other children in the same situation, and not by adults at all
E) teachers who specialise in physical education and nothing else

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

16.JACQUELINE BOUVIER KENNEDY ONASSIS

The mystique of the Kennedy family in United States politics was due in great part to the
glamorous and attractive wife of President John F. Kennedy, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy
Onassis. They were the first presidential couple born in the 20th century. She brought grace,
style and a flair for beauty to the White House, quickly becoming a celebrity in her own right.

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She was better-educated than most of her predecessors, having studied at Vassar, Smith,
George Washington University and the University of Paris. She was working for the Washington

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Times-Herald when John Kennedy met her in 1952. She and John Kennedy married on September
12, 1953. They had two children. As the president's wife, she was a very accomplished hostess
and a patron of the arts. After President Kennedy's assassination in November 1963, Mrs
Kennedy moved to New York City. In 1968, she married the Greek shipping magnate Aristotle
Onassis, who died in 1975. In 1978 she began working as an editor for Doubleday and Company
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publishers in New York. She and her children were rarely out of the media spotlight until her

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death in 1994.
c
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46-John F. Kennedy ------ .

A) met his wife-to-be while she was completing her education

B) was killed in New York City for political reasons
C) married someone who had been working for the media
YE
D) was considerably less famous than his glamorous wife
E) was the first American president of the twentieth century

47-Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis ------ .

dl

A) was the only first lady until then who had graduated from two universities
B) was living in New York when she and Kennedy first met
C) was publishing an obscure newspaper before she met and married Kennedy
D) had received a better education than the majority of the previous president wives
yes

E) was a great supporter of the arts when Kennedy met her

48-It is clear from the passage that Jacqueline ------ .

A) died because of too much attention from the media

B) became an artist herself after Aristotle Onassis's death
C) didn't work for a paying employer during, her lifetime
D) became less popular after John Kennedy's death
E) remained married to Kennedy for about a decade

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

17.ICE-BORG

Because of his imperturbable manner, both on and off the tennis court, and his relentless ground
strokes, Bjorn Borg was dubbed Ice-Borg by his opponents on the professional circuit. Borg won
his first tournament when he was 11. In four years, he won all the world's junior titles, and

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became the first of the teenage wonders to achieve world-class status. He dropped out of
school when he was in the ninth grade, at 15, and qualified for the Swedish Davis Cup team,

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becoming the youngest player ever to win a cup match. This was his first encounter with team
captain Lennart Bergelin, who later became Borg's full-time coach. In 1975 Borg's three match
victories, including doubles, brought Sweden its first Davis Cup. In his first decade in
competitive tennis, the golden-haired Swede broke more records than anyone else in the history
of tennis. Borg was only 26 when he retired, and he failed in his attempt eight years later to
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make a comeback with his old wooden racket — made obsolete by the oversized models that are

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now used in the game.

c
onlne.

49-One reason that Bjorn Borg was nicknamed 'Ice-Borg' was that ------ .

A) he never panicked
B) he had very good manners
C) all his rivals hated him
YE
D) he was physically very big
E) he was very cold towards his opponents

50-Bjorn Borg ------ .

dl

A) was the first teenager to become world-famous

B) started playing tennis when he was about 11
C) lost tennis matches from the age of 26 to 34
D) was better-educated than most tennis players
yes

E) was a world-class player in his early teens

51-Lennart Bergelin ------ .

A) was the coach of the Swedish Davis Cup team

B) led Borg's team during his first ever cup match
C) was coached by Borg some years after they first met
D) beat Borg during his first Davis Cup match
E) was beaten by Borg during his first Davis Cup

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

18.THE EXACTLY RIGHT WORD

Writing was not easy for the French novelist Gustave Flaubert. Because of his concern for form
and precise detail, he often struggled for days searching for "the exactly right word". He took
five years to write 'Madame Bovary', his best-known work. Flaubert's goal was to write faultless

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prose. In 'Madame Bovary', which tells of Emma B ovary's revolt against her middle-class
environment, Flaubert reveals his own great contempt for the bourgeoisie. This group, he felt,

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was opposed to art and hated everything that it could not put to use. When 'Madame Bovary'
first appeared --in 1856, as a magazine serial -- Flaubert was brought to trial for publishing a
morally offensive work. He was acquitted in 1857, and in the same year, the novel came out in
book form. During his later years, Flaubert spent the winter in Paris, where he held literary
gatherings. Flaubert never married, and died on May 8th, 1880.
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52-Flaubert took five years to write 'Madame Bovary' because ------ .

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A) he was lazy and didn't often work

B) he was an exact and careful writer
C) he wanted it to be his best novel
D) his hand-writing was very poor
E) he made a lot of mistakes at first
YE
53-Flaubert's trial ------ .

A) was written about in a series of magazines in 1856

B) came about because his book wasn't well-written
dl

C) caused Flaubert to lose popularity in society

D) took place because his writing offended some people
E) became the subject of the following novel he wrote
yes

54-As mentioned in the passage, in the novel 'Madame Bovary', ------ .

A) Flaubert's personal feelings about' the middle class are reflected

B) the character of Emma Bovary is based on a real person
C) Flaubert wrote about a working class woman who led a revolt
D) the plot was the attitude of the bourgeoisie towards works of art
E) Flaubert's scorn for his central character, Emma Bovary is apparent

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

19.SMALL WHALES

Dolphins and porpoises, often called simply "small whales," are mammals, not fish, and are thus
warm-blooded, keeping their body temperature nearly constant even when they are exposed to
different environmental temperatures. The mothers provide milk for the young for a year or

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more. Like other whales, dolphins have lungs and breathe through a single nostril, called the
blowhole, located on top of the head. The blowhole is opened during their frequent trips to the

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surface to breathe. In contrast to some of the large whales, dolphins and porpoises have teeth,
which they use to seize their food, consisting primarily of marine fish. Certain species of marine
dolphins are the best-known biologically because they survive well in captivity, which means they
can be more carefully observed. The bottle-nosed dolphin has been the most intensively studied
because of its adaptability to salt-water holding tanks. It is a major participant in acrobatic
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shows at oceanariums and is noted for its curiosity toward humans.

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c
onlne.

55-One of the differences between some whales and dolphins is that, ------ .

A) whales don't provide milk for their young, but dolphins do

B) although dolphins have lungs for breathing, most whales don't
C) while all dolphins are warm-blooded , whales are cold-blooded
YE
D) whales are less aggressive than dolphins and not as big as them
E) whereas all dolphins have teeth, some whales don't have any

56-From the information given in the passage, we can infer that dolphins ------ .
dl

A) have difficulty surviving in captivity

B) use only one lung at a time
C) are among the largest marine animals
D) don't breathe underwater
yes

E) cannot survive in climates warmer than their body temperature

57-One of the special characteristics of the bottle-nosed dolphin is that ------ .

A) it is very interested in people

B) unlike others, it lives in salt water
C) it is cleverer than most animals
D) it enjoys being held in captivity
E) it is an especially studious animal

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

20.THE ORIGINAL OLYMPIANS

The legends of ancient Greece are more familiar because they have become so permanently
embedded in literary traditions of Western civilisation. Greek mythology followed the pattern of
other mythologies: the forces of nature were given personalities and were worshipped. There

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was no worship of animals or of gods in animal form, however, as there was in Egypt. Pan, for
example, had a goat's horns, hoofs and tail, but his head was like that of a man. Greek gods and

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goddesses were pictured as being much like men and women. The gods were conceived as more
heroic in stature, more outstanding in beauty and proportion, and more powerful and enduring
than humans. They were nevertheless endowed with many human weaknesses. They could be
jealous, envious, spiteful and petty. Among them only Zeus was known as the Just. The Greeks
believed that their gods lived on Mount Olympus. They dwelt there together in a community of
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light and pleasantness, and from this height they mingled with, and often interfered with, the

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lives of mortals, inhabiting the plains.

c
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58-The gods of Greek mythology were ------ .

A) much less powerful than the people who worshipped them

B) all considered to have very good and fair judgement
C) rarely taken seriously by the inhabitants of ancient Greece
YE
D) superior to humans in many ways, but just as bad in others
E) worshipped by people all over the world, not just in Greece

59-The main difference between Greek and Egyptian gods was ------ .
dl

A) some of the Egyptian ones had animal forms, while none of the Greek ones did
B) the Egyptian gods were much more powerful and lacked human weaknesses
C) the Greek gods were far more beautiful than the ones worshipped by the Egyptians
D) the Greeks had many gods while the Egyptians worshipped a single deity
yes

E) the Egyptian gods had much more developed personalities than the Greek ones

60-The ancient Greeks believed that Mount Olympus ------ .

A) was the place where the gods and mortals lived together
B) provided a meeting place for the Egyptians' gods and their own
C) was a pleasant place to visit as the residents were friendly
D) would be their spiritual home after they had died
E) was the base from which the gods conducted their affairs

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READING PASSAGES / TEST 6 (60 ADET SORU)

READING PASSAGES / TEST 6

(60 ADET SORU)

CEVAP ANAHTARI
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. E 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. E

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11. C 12. A 13. B 14. E 15. E 16. E 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. A

21. B 22. C 23. B 24. E 25. A 26. E 27. E 28. C 29. C 30. A

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31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. E 37. D 38. E 39. B 40. E

41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. E 49. A 50. E

51. B 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. E 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. E
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c
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YE
dl
yes

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