Table Of Content

• Introduction
• System analysis
• Framework of E-Commerce
• Anatomy of E-Commerce
• Applications of E-Commerce
• Features of E-Commerce
• Website Design Issue
• Project Profile
• Description

• Coding
• Implementation
 Introduction
Commerce is basically exchange of goods and services. It is distribution, buying, selling
of an item or a service of a system. Ecommerce is usually defined as the conducted of commerce
in goods and services with the assistance of telecommunication and telecommunication based
tools. Ecommerce is the use of computer and electronic communication in business transactions.
E-Commerce is any form of business transaction in which parties interact electronically rather
than by direct physical contacts. E-Commerce refers to paperless mechanism. It makes use of
EDI, E-catalogs, E-mail, E-publishing, etc. for exchange of business transaction.

Advantages of E-Commerce:-

 It allows companies to streamline business process.

 It allows companies to reduce costs in the face of global competition. These costs includes:-
 Advertising cost.
 Delivery cost specially of goods that can be delivered electronically.
 Design and manufacturing cost.
 Labor expenses.
 It allows companies to build profitable links to suppliers and customers around the world.
 It improves the company’s effectiveness in terms of widening market potential.
 Simple websites can be developed using existing technology easily and quickly at low cost.
 Information can be available for 24 hours.
 It provides better customer services.
 The online catalog can manage large product variety.

Security issues concerning E-Commerce include:-

1. Confidentiality
2. Integrity
3. Availability
4. Authorization
5. Auditability
6. Non-Reusability
 System Analysis

FRAMEWORK OF E-COMMERCE
As a business activity is already taking place E-com application will be build on the existing
technology infrastructure that is a big number of computers, communication networks,
communication soft wares are just forming the latest information super highway.

The figure shows a variety of possible e-commerce applications including both interorganisation
and consumer electronic examples. None of these applications would be possible without the
building blocks in the framework. These building blocks are:-
1. The information superhighway, which is the basic foundation for providing the highway
system along which all E-Commerce must travel.
2. Multimedia content and network publishing, which is essential for creating a product and a
means to communicate about it.
3. Messaging and information distribution as a means of sending and retrieving information.
 The two major pillars that support all E-Commerce applications are:-
1. Public policy to govern issues such as universal access , privacy and information pricing.
2. Technical standards are for dictating the nature of information publishing.

Building Blocks

1. Information Superhighway: - Any successful E-Commerce application will re quire

the I-way information in the same way as a regular commerce needs the interstate highway
network to any goods from point to point. User must travel across this highway weather user
is an organization, purchasing supplier or a consumer ordering for a movie-on-demand. I-
way is not a one big organization data, I-way designed according to long standing well
defined rules and regulations based on the requirements, rather the I-way is a mesh of
interconnected data highways of many forms like telephone wires, cable T.V, radio based
wireless cellular and satellite. The highway is quickly acquiring new competitions ever
having small highway system. In this market of competition the main effort is to convince the
traffic to use their highway is quickly acquiring new competitions ever having small highway
system. In this market of competition the main effort is to convince the traffic to use their
highway because revenues in E-Commerce are based on the vehicular traffic i.e. vehicles
transporting information or the multimedia content. The ultimate winner is the person who
will select the technology for the I-way that the best matches’ future business needs by using
today’s tools. An information super highway is a high speed digital transmission system
capable of providing connectivity to homes, schools and offices.

2. Multimedia content and network publishing: - Building various highways is not

enough for the movement of information. The vehicles are also needed. Routing information
must be solved, that is
best and easy routes must be defined. Transportation cost must be paid and it must e with in
the pocket. On the highways, nature of traffic is usually dependent on information in
multimedia content. The vehicles that travel on information super highway are:-
i) Movies -> video + audio
ii) Digital games which consist of music, video software.
iii) E-books-> which consists of the text graphics images and video.
Vehicles vary widely in complexity i.e. heavy vehicles must be restricted to
narrow or small highway system. After the creation of these vehicles i.e. multimedia content,
it must be housed or stored somewhere usually this content is stored in the form of E-
document and they are stored in servers. These can be accessed using transporting network.
3. Messaging & information distribution: - The multimedia after creation and storage
must be distributed among networks and network computers using the messaging software.
These act as fuel for multimedia contented vehicles.

4. Common Business Services:- While performing common business services some key
points needs to be examine i.e.
i) How can business assure customers of same delivery?
ii) What will be the mode of payment using I-way?
iii) Encryption and Authentication methods.
Encryption and authentication methods to ensure security of the contents that the
person is using on the I-way. There is so many payment system or schemes that are developed to
handle complexed transaction with full reliability.

Pillars
A)Public Policy: - These issues deal with the cost of accessing information rules for
protection of consumer from the fraud and to protect their right of privacy. The rules for
detection of information piracy must be there as there is more and more number of people
entering in the E-market places with different intensions so these rules are necessary to be
regulated.
B)Technical standards: - The final pillars n which the whole of the E-commerce rests is
technical such standards are important in the world of E-commerce as there is an endless
integration of computers in the network. But access of information can be any type of device
that the consumer chooses like PC’s and handheld devices, TV’s etc. for examples without
the option of video standards; video conferencing will never become widespread.
 ANATONY OF E-COMMERCE
APPLICATIONS

In today’s technology infrastructure, it is very difficult to forecast which application of E-

Commerce will be successful in the long run. As most of the E-Commerce applications rest on
the entire infrastructure and reach out to the customers. It is important to understand that E-
Commerce application can be found at all levels of the infrastructure.

Comput Video Game

er
Network
Internet
PDA Information Corpora
Delivery te
Infrastructu Servers
TV ISP
re
Library
Chattin
Telepho g
ne Softwar

Printer Govt. E-
Servers Publishi
ng

Consumer Access Device Information servers with verity of contents

Fig :- Element of E-Commerce Application

Multimedia content is not only a part of infrastructure but the creation of this content is an E-
Commerce applications. In the anatomy of E-Commerce application, there are 4 basic parts,
which are:-
1. Multimedia content for E-Commerce application.
 2. Multimedia storage servers and E-Commerce application.
3. Information delivery\transport and E-Commerce application.
4. Consumer access devices.
1) Multimedia content for E-Commerce application: - Multimedia can be
considered both fuel and traffic for E-Commerce application. The technical definition of
multimedia is the use of digital data in more than one format such as combination of text,
audio, video and graphics in computer file.
Multimedia mimics the natural way people communicate. Main purpose of
multimedia is to build user-friendly with multiple forms of content that is the information
delivered should be like that as a human being is delivered it to other person. Every
information used in E-Computer is usually in the form of multimedia content. The goal of
multimedia is to increase the utility of the information through the processing and
distribution of new forms such as images audio and video.
Multimedia covers so many things that it becomes difficult to encapsulate. The
success of for E-Commerce application also depends on the variety an innovativeness of
multimedia. The advantage goes to the providers of multimedia content, to entertainment
broadcast, T.V productions, trading print publications and software information services.
Plenty of opportunities remains for new persons or providers who can provide innovative
contents that meet consumer demands not fulfill by existing providers.

Imag Audi
es
Text Video
Multim
Multimedia
Graphic edia Animation

Numeric
Hologra
al

Fig :-Components of Multimedia

2) Multimedia storage server & E-Commerce application: - E-Commerce requires

large servers to store the contents & distribute a large amount of digital contents to
consumers. Multimedia storage servers are large information warehouses capable of handling
 various types of contents. Multimedia contents can be stored & distributed from various
servers.
I. Client server architecture in Ecommerce: - All Ecommerce applications
follow the client
server model. Clients are devices plus software that request information from servers.
The clients server model replaces the traditional model that worked well for a long time.
Client server architecture links PCs to a storage server where most of the computing is
done on client side.
II. Internal processes of multimedia server: - The internal processes involves in
storage, retrieval & management data objects that are integral to ecommerce
applications. Multimedia server is a hardware &software combination that converts raw
data into useable information &then distribute this information where &when required.
Multimedia servers perform following functions:-
(1) Handle thousands of simultaneous users.
(2) Manage the transactions of the users for e.g.:- purchase, information request,
customer billing etc.
(3) Deliver information to consumers at affordable cost.
III. Video servers & E-Commerce:-E-Commerce applications related to digital video
will include telecommunicating, video conferencing, GIS (Geographical Information
System) that requires storage & navigation over maps.
Needs of large scale video storage has led to a unique business partnership
between technology, transport & media companies. Video servers are extensively
designed to deliver information to 100’s of consumer simultaneously via a public
telecommunication & cable networks. The goal of video servers is to provide power
functionality & scalability to give users split second access to 100’s of media files &
also allow functions such as pause, reverse, fast forward, jump a head etc.

3. Information delivery or transport and E-Commerce applications:- The

suitable example of transport provider are telecommunication, cable & wireless etc. the
distribution of information had become a competitive market with the combination of two
major areas of information providing i.e. on one side there are telephone & cable companies
& on the other side there are computer. Companies that offer new hardware capabilities &
software programs for the access of information providing areas:-
I. Cable based: - These providers depend on coaxial cables as transport reads & will
help in determining which broadband application & services the viewing public prefers.
II. Telecom based: - These providers include long distance & local telephone service
provider.
III. Computer based networks: - These providers are usually develop linkage of
lower bandwidth as compare to telecom & cable based providers.
IV. Wireless based: - These operators are typically radio based i.e. cellular technology.

4) Consumer access devices: - It includes choosing the best hardware device for
accessing the information & then the compatible software. A large number of devices
can provide access to information like video extremely depends on the type of
information to be accessed using the device, after deciding the hardware, the main stress
is on choosing the software best suitable to the hardware.
 APPLICATION OF E-COMMERCE
For consumer-oriented market place, a wide range of application can be defined and can
be classified into various categories like entertainment, financial services, education etc. E-
Commerce is a simple and fastest way for consumer to accomplish his task. The consumer will
engage with E-market very soon when there will be almost no comparison between cost and
security issues. There are 4 types of applications involved in E-Commerce and these are:-
1. Home Shopping
2. Home Entertainment
3. Micro Transaction of Information
4. Personal Finance Management

Home Shopping: - This application is already id wide use and has generated substantial
income for many companies. Home shopping allow a customer to enter online stores to look at
product, buy the product and make payment through any of the e-payment methods. The home
shopping is divided into 2 categories:-
1) T.V. Based shopping: - In T.V. based shopping consumer gets produce information
from a T.V. program, orders a product by post or telephone call. The mode of payment
was usually a money order or draft. The retailer in this business provides facilities, TV
based shopping gained so much popularity.
2) Catalog based shopping:-The online catalog- based shopping consists of CD-ROM
catalog and online interactive catalogs. These days most of the companies provide online
catalogs which are a form of e-brochures (magazines). These are also called SoftAds or
InterAds.

Home Entertainment:- If a customer wishes to watch a movie then the consumer can
browse through an online movie guide containing thousands of movies, songs etc. after selection,
user can request for the movie for some amount of money. The customers then send Credit Card
No. with expiration date using an encrypted message. The distributor then validates the Credit
Card and transfer the movie to customer with necessary safeguards that prevent any reproduction
allowing viewers to complete against friends or relatives on network. Gaming is expected to be a
winning application as more and more sophisticated games are developed online. The popularity
of this medium increasing among adults and children.

Micro Transaction of information: - To serve the information needs of consumers,

information services providers are creating an entirely new industry. Any form of digital
information that can be sent on network will be of one form of the available forms like data,
pictures, sounds computer programs etc. Information of any topic can be there on internet to help
the consumer. The various information providing sites are usually called Search Engine. While
accessing information from the search engines, some properties regarding the information must
be there like:-
1) Quality of information should be good.
2) It should be accurate.
3) Cost should be affordable.
4) Some introductory information must be provided free of cost.
5) Browsing should be easy.

Personal Finance & Home banking Services:-These services are related to

management of personal finance. These services can be related to management of personal
finance. These services can be categorized into 3 parts:-
1) Best services are relates to management of finance using basic technology provided in early
stages of e-commerce. These services includes:-
a) Funds transfer using telephone.
b) Balancing Cheque Book Checking the status of payment.
c) Stopping the payment request.
2) Intermediate Services include basically home finance service. It provides a wide range of
finance management services while customer is at home. These services include:-
a) Life Insurance, Home Insurance, Vehicle Insurance.
b) Online allotment of loans.
c) Pension plan services.
d) Home Finance.
e) Credit or Debit card Management.
f) Trading Services.
 FEATURES OF E-COMMERCE

1. It is based on electronic exchange of data.

2. Once data is entered into buyer’s computer and transmitted electronically, the same data gets
entered into the seller’s computer without the need of re-entry.
3. It is highly accurate.
4. It doesn’t require re-entry of identical information so doesn’t involve high labor charges.
5. It requires less time for entire processing and shipment.
6. Very fewer documents in EDI-based e-commerce are processed than that of paper-based, so
cost involved is mire.
7. It is unable to provide quick customer services as the orders are not fulfilled within
appropriate time.
8. It is signed by the originator and can be verified easily.
 WEBSITE DESIGN ISSUES

Sited with different objectives wll obviously have different needs. Moreover, uniqueness
of website is also a valid feature. Keeping these things in mind, there are various guidelines that
are offers as a starting point for developing good web-design skills:-

1) Page Loading Efficiency: - The temptation to overload a page with graphics should be
resisted. A few well-chosen graphics are fine (or acceptable) but too many become frustrated
with required time. Frames also increase the loading time and if the site sell or exchange
advertising space in which banners will appear,these items will also slow down the load time.
Website designers should review the load time periodically from an off-site connection with
the connection speed that is comparably to a reasonably low connection speed, i.e. approx.
33.3 bps. User will lower speed modems than this will browse the internet will their graphics
option turned off. For these users, the websites should be designed with text-only option
which displays text instead of graphics and contains same hypertext links.

2) Simplicity: - The web pages must e as simple as possible. If the business has a lot of
information to convey then information must be organized and spread out over multiple
pages. Unlike, printed advertisements, website hosting costs are so low that the no. of pages
is typically not a cost factor. If possible than place little information on each page and link all
the pages with each other so that user must click to advance to the next page after reading
only a few sentences. Long pages that require scrolling must be avoided.

3) Use the space wisely: - Just because space is reactively cheap doesn’t mean that visitors
want to go through stock of words and undesired items.

4) Create a reason to return: - Once a visitor comes to a site, give him a reason to return
again. The reasons can be following:-
a) Daily or weekly special.
b) Daily or weekly updates to the site such as current events, projects etc.
c) Competitions or contents.
d) Frequent buyer programs such as discounts etc.
5) Framing:- A frame is a section of the viewer’s computer screen. A screen can be split into
multiple sections that can load different web pages.

6) Table & fonts: - Tables are useful for providing structure to text that will not be lost due
to size of visitor’s screen and size of the viewing window which is affected by the viewer’s
web browser. Avoid using uppercase letters.

7) Graphics: - Graphics can enhance a website when used properly. If picture clarity is
important , allow the user to click on thumbnail’s links to see an enlarged view of the image.

8) Color & contrast: - Most websites designers agree that dark text on light background
works best but there must be enough contrast between the text and the background color.

9) Purchasing information: - Sites that sell their product or services online should clearly
post policies such as tax rates, shipping rates. The total bill includes all taxes.

10) Tracking data:- In order to analyze the success of a site, certain data needs to be
tracked like no. of different visitors, no. and frequency of repeat visitors and purchase made
by visitors.
 Project Profile

DESCRIPTION:-