SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 1

SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Chapter 9 – Hydraulic Pressure Testing

CONTENT

Section Description Page

35 000 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Special Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Variable Displacement Hydraulic Pump Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Open Centre Hydraulic Pump Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Fault Finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Transmission Low Pressure Warning Light On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Charge Pressure Light Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Intake Filter Restriction Light On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Power Steering Not Working Correctly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Trailer Brakes Not Working Correctly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Hydraulic Lift Not Working Correctly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Remote Control Valves Not Working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Pump Pressure and Flow Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Low Pressure Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
High Pressure Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Lift Ram Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Load Sensing Circuit Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Charge Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Variable Flow Piston Pump Flow Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Hydraulic Pump Leak Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Steering Pump/Low Pressure Pump Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Steering Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Steering Circuit Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Steering Relief Valve Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Low Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Open Centre Lift Pressure Regulating Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Power Command Transmission Clutch Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Range Command Transmission Clutch Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Dual Command Transmission Clutch Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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2 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Trailer Brake Testing and Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Trailer Brake Valve Electro–Hydraulic Operation Diagram (Italy Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Trailer Brake Disengagement Pressure Test (Italy Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Trailer Brake System Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Trailer Brake System Leak Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Trailer Brake Engagement Test (Italy Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Trailer Brake Circuit Safety Switch Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Cooler By–pass Valve – Lubrication Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
PTO Clutch lubrication (175 and 190 Models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Brake Booster Valve Pressure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Power Brake Supply and Accumulator test (175 and 190 Models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 3

INTRODUCTION

Pressure test kit 297611 has been developed for Low Pressure System
pressure testing all 120 through to 190 model Lubrication
tractors and contains adaptors specifically designed
Brake Boost Valve
for access to test ports.
Trailer Brake Valve
This chapter describes the procedure for performing
the following pressure tests using this kit and other Before commencing hydraulic pressure testing
standard fittings already available through New perform the fault finding checks on Page 8 followed
Holland Logistics. by the fault finding procedure for the type of concern
identified. Following these checks may identify an
obvious cause for the concern and prevent
High Pressure System unnecessary component disassembly.
High Pressure Standby The hydraulic pump is the heart of the hydraulic
Sensing Line Pressure system and the chapter describes in detail the tests
Low Pressure Standby necessary to confirm that pump output is to
specification. Once specified pump output has been
Pump Charge Pressure
confirmed attention can be focused on the
Steering appropriate pressure testing of individual
Lift Ram Pressure components in the hydraulic circuit.

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4 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

SPECIAL TOOLS

DESCRIPTION NEW HOLLAND

PART NUMBER
Tee adaptor 11/16 ORFS female x 11/16 ORFS male x 7/16 UNF female 297600*
Tee adaptor 7/16 JIC female x 7/16 JIC male x 7/16 UNF female 297601*
7
Adaptor M10 banjo x /16 UNF female 297602*
Tee adaptor 9/16 ORFS female x 9/16 ORFS male x 7/16 UNF female 297603*
9
Blanking Cap /16 ORFS 297604*
7
Blanking Cap /16 ORFS 297605*
Adaptor 7/16 UNF female x 1/2 BSP male 297606*
Adaptor 7/16 UNF female x M12 x 1.5p male 297607*
Adaptor 7/16 UNF female x M14 x 1.5p male 297608*
Adaptor M14 banjo x M14 x 1.5p female 297609*
7 1 1
Tee adaptor /16 UNF female x /4 BSP hose tail x /2 hose 297610*
7/ UNF male Quick release adaptor 297240*
16
Adaptor M10 x 1.0p x 7/16 UNF female 297404*
Tee adaptor 1” ORFS female x 1” ORFS male x 7/16 UNF female 380000517
11
Blanking Cap /16 ORFS 297671
Pressure Gauge 0–10 bar 293241#
Pressure Gauge 0–40 bar (5 off) 293242#
Pressure Gauge 0–250 bar 293244#
Remote valve coupling 5101741 or 293449
Quick release adaptor 291924
Pressure gauge hose 292246#
1/ NPT fitting to attach hose 292246 to gauge 291927#
8
7 7
Adaptor M10 x 1.0p x /16 JIC male (enables use of gauges with /16 JIC hoses if used) 297417
diagnostic switch 295041
Bypass connector 295044
Trailer brake fitting 293190#
Flow Meter 120 ltr/min minimum (procure locally)
* Part of hydraulic adaptor kit 297611
# Part of hydraulic pressure test kit 292870

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 5

SPECIFICATIONS – CLOSED CENTRE SYSTEMS 175 AND 190 MODELS

MAIN HYDRAULIC PUMP 175 AND 190 MODELS

Type Variable Flow Closed Centre
Load Sensing Piston Pump
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 120 Ltr/min
31.7 US gal/min
Standby Pressure 26±1 bar (377 ±14.5 lbf/in2)
Maximum System Pressure 210 bar (3045 ± 14.5 lbf/in2)
Regulated Low Pressure 24 bar (348 lbf/in2)

STEERING/LUBRICATION PUMP 175 AND 190 MODELS

Type Gear Type Pump
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 61.5 Ltr/min
16 US gal/min
Flow to Steering Motor 22–28 Ltr/min
5.8–7.4 US gal/min
Steering Pressure 190 bar (2750 lbf/in2)

SPECIFICATIONS – CLOSED CENTRE SYSTEMS 120 TO 155 MODELS

MAIN HYDRAULIC PUMP 120–155 MODELS

Type Variable Flow Closed Centre
Load Sensing Piston Pump
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 111 Ltr/min
29 US gal/min
Standby Pressure 21–24 bar (310 –350 lbf/in2)
Maximum System Pressure 200–207 bar (2900–3000 lbf/in2)

STEERING/LOW PRESSURE PUMP 120–155 MODELS

Type Gear Type Pump
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 61.5 Ltr/min
16 US gal/min
Flow to Steering Motor 22–28 Ltr/min
5.8–7.4 US gal/min
Steering Pressure 186 bar (2700 lbf/in2)
Regulated Low Pressure 16–18 bar (232–261 lbf/in2)

SPECIFICATIONS – OPEN CENTRE SYSTEMS

MAIN HYDRAULIC PUMP
Type Fixed Displacement Gear Type
Engine/Pump RPM Ratio 1 : 1.264
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 53 Ltr/min
14 US gal/min
Maximum System Pressure 190–195 bar (2750–2850 lbf/in2)

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6 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

STEERING/LOW PRESSURE PUMP – 2 WHEEL DRIVE

Type Gear Type Pump
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 41 Ltr/min
11 US gal/min
Steering Pressure 186 bar (2700 lbf/in2)
Regulated Low Pressure 16–18 bar (232–261 lbf/in2)

STEERING/LOW PRESSURE PUMP – 4 WHEEL DRIVE

Type Gear Type Pump
Minimum Output @ 2200 erpm 53 Ltr/min
14 US gal/min
Steering Pressure 186 bar (2700 lbf/in2)
Regulated Low Pressure 16–18 bar (232–261 lbf/in2)

1
Variable Displacement Hydraulic Pump Installation 175 and 190 Models
1. Load Sensing Valve Assembly 6. Filter Restriction Switch
2. Variable Displacement Pump 7. Main Intake Filter
3. Steering / lube Supply Pump 8. Charge Pressure Filter
4. Steering / Lube Priority Valve 9. Low Oil Temperature Switch
5. Supplementary Lube Valve 10. Trailer Brake Valve

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 7

TI

2
Variable Displacement Hydraulic Pump Installation – 120 to 155 Models
1. Intake Filter 8. Charge Pressure Filter Dump Valve
2. Oil Low Temperature Switch 9. Charge Pump
3. Intake Filter Restriction Switch 10. Charge Pressure Filter
4. Low Charge Pressure Switch 11. Variable Flow Piston Pump
5. Charge Pressure By–Pass Valve 12. Load Sensing Valve
6. Steering Flow Control Valve (Flow and Pressure Compensating Valves)
7. Steering and Low Pressure Circuit Pump

TIA35004 TIA35005
3 4
Charge Pressure Filter Dump Valve Steering Flow Control Valve

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8 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

5
Open Centre Hydraulic Pump Location – Right Hand Side of Transmission

FAULT FINDING

Is rear axle oil at correct NO Add oil to rear axle

level on dipstick?
YES

Is oil contaminated with dirt, YES Investigate cause of contamination.

water or anti–freeze? Drain and replace oil
NO

Have oil filters been replaced NO Replace all filters on pump

at correct service interval?
YES

Is Transmission low Set engine speed to 1000 rev/min and

YES check that steering operates.
pressure warning light ON
NO If steering does not operate turn of
engine immediately to avoid damage
Identify functions not operating due to possible lack of oil flow to low
correctly and refer to appropriate pressure and lubrication circuits.
fault finding Chart Refer to Transmission Low Pressure
Warning Light ‘On’ fault finding chart

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 9

Transmission Low Pressure Warning Light ‘ON’–

Power Command Transmission 175 and 190 Models

6 7
Low Pressure Regulating Valve Transmission Low Oil Pressure Switch

Do the high pressure Perform tests for variable

system components displacement pump. Refer to
operate, ie, hydraulic lift, NO pressure testing described later
remote valves and trailer in this Chapter.
brakes?
YES

Do all of the low pressure Remove connector C036 Repair the wiring fault
system components YES
from the oil pressure YES between C036 and C080 of
operate, ie, transmission, switch. Does the warning the instrument cluster.
PTO, FWD and diff locks? lamp remain ON?
NO NO

Inspect the switch. The switch should

be normally open, replace if faulty.

Pressure test the low Check for an electrical fault which may
pressure circuit. Is the YES affect the operation of all low pressure
pressure 24bar? components, ie, disconnected harness
to low pressure block.
NO

Remove and examine the

low pressure regulating
valve for sticking, broken
components or stuck open
relief valve. Fault cleared?
NO

Check for a large leak in

one of the low pressure
system component circuits.

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10 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Transmission Low Pressure Warning Light ‘ON’– Power Command Transmission 120 to 155 Models

TIA35002
8 9
Steering Pump Charge Pressure Valve Transmission Low Oil Pressure Switch
Set engine speed to 1000 Is hydraulic oil Carefully operate tractor until
Rev/min YES temperature YES oil temperature increases
Is steering working below 40°C Fault cleared?
correctly? NO NO
NO

Does PTO stop and start Disconnect wiring to low

when engagement switch transmission oil pressure switch
is operated? Is warning light ‘On’?
YES NO
NO
On tractors with power Perform low
Stop engine immediately. pressure circuit
Remove the steering pump command transmission
check for short to chassis check
charge pressure valve, Is pressure 250–280
rotate engine by hand and in Y/O colour wires from
instrument console lbf/in 2 (17–20 bar)?
check that steering pump NO
gears are rotating connector C080 Pin10 to
Do not put fingers inside pressure switch C036
Check orifice in low
steering pump transmission oil pressure
Gears Rotating YES Recheck switch is not blocked
NO Steering and Orifice clear?
Remove pump and PTO operation
NO
check that pump
drive gear rotates Remove and examine
when engine is turned Disassemble pump orifice in pressure
over by hand. YES and inspect for regulating valve
Gear Rotates broken pump drive Fault cleared?
NO shaft NO

Check for broken Remove and examine

drive between engine pressure regulating
flywheel/damper and valve for sticking
pump drive gear Fault cleared?
NO

Replace low
transmission oil
pressure switch
Fault cleared?
NO

Check for large leak in PTO

differential lock, 4 wheel drive and
transmission pressure circuits.

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 11

Charge Pressure Light Flashing

Is rear axle oil at correct level NO Add oil to rear axle

on dipstick?
YES

Perform charge pressure test Disconnect wiring to low charge

Charge Pressure YES pressure switch
1.6–3.4 bar? Light is extinguished?
NO NO YES

Replace inlet and Locate and repair short Replace

charge pressure filter circuit to chassis in charge pump
Fault cleared? B/N colour wire from and inlet filters
NO instrument console Fault
connector C080 Pin 7 cleared?
Inspect charge pressure filter and charge pressure NO
dump valve and charge switch
pressure valve Recheck charge
Valve sticking open? NO pressure
NO YES Charge Pressure
1.6–3.4 bar?
Disassemble Replace Valve(s) YES
pump and check (DO Not re–adjust
for worn charge these valves) Replace low
pump charge
pressure
switch

Intake Filter Restriction Warning Light On

Is rear axle oil at correct level NO Add oil to rear axle

on dipstick?
YES

Replace inlet and Disconnect wiring to filter restriction

charge pressure filter NO warning light switch
Fault cleared? Light is extinguished?
NO YES

Locate and repair short Replace

circuit to chassis in intake filter
R/N/B colour wire from restriction
instrument console switch
connector C080 Pin 16
and intake filter
restriction switch

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12 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Power Steering Not Working or Working Incorrectly 120 to 155 Models

Is transmission low Refer to Transmission

pressure warning YES low pressure warning
light on? light On fault finding
chart
NO

Perform steering test

Fault Confirmed?
YES

Set engine speed to 1000 rev/min Check pump bolt torques

and turn steering to full lock YES and examine for internal
Does transmission warning light leaks/worn pump seals
come on?
NO

Examine steering flow

control valve for sticking
Fault Cleared?
NO

Refer to Section 41
Steering System

Power Steering Not Working or Working Incorrectly 175 and 190 Models

Is the steering pressure Examine the steering/lube priority valve located on

NO the end of the steering pump for sticking, dirt
warning lamp ON?
contamination or broken components. Fault cleared?
YES
NO
Pressure test the steering system
as described in the ’Pressure
Testing’ Chapter. Are the YES
pressures within specification?
NO

Remove the steering pump and If the pressure is correct up to the steering
examine the drive to the pump, if cylinders suspect a mechanical fault of the
okay repair or replace the steering steering components. If pump output is good
pump assembly. but pressure to the cylinders is low or zero,
suspect a faulty steering motor. See section
41 for steering motor removal and overhaul.

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 13

Trailer Brakes Not Working

Has all air been bled NO Bleed trailer

from trailer brakes brakes
YES
Is hydraulic lift working
Pressure test trailer satisfactorily? Test
brakes. YES maximum system pressure Adjust flow/pressure
Fault confirmed? NO compensating valve
at remote valve coupler.
Pressure 2900 lbf/in2 Fault cleared?
(200 bar)? NO
YES
Examine
flow/pressure
Operate and hold remote valve to compensating
generate maximum system valve for sticking
Overhaul trailer pressure and at the same time Fault cleared?
NO operate tractor brakes
brake valve NO
Trailer brake valve functions
correctly?
Disassemble variable
YES flow pump and check
swash plate piston for
Examine shuttle valve in load sticking
Clean/replace sensing line between trailer
shuttle valve to YES brake and pressure/flow
trailer brake valve compensating valve
Valve sticking?

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14 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Hydraulic Lift Not Working Correctly 120 to 155 Models

Is steering system and NO Refer to Transmission Low Pressure
PTO working Warning Light ON fault finding chart
YES

Is charge pressure YES Refer to charge pressure light

light flashing? flashing fault finding chart
NO

Has an Electronic draft control error

code been identified NO Refer to Section 35 Chapter 4,
Fault Cleared? Electronic Draft Control fault finding.
NO

Is hydraulic lift Perform pump leak test to determine if

YES fault relates to either internal leak or
working erratically?
hydraulic circuit leak
NO

Is in cab fast raise/ work NO Move switch to work

switch in work position position
YES

Is hitch enabled YES Capture hitch

symbol illuminated
NO

Check position of controls

on control panel
Fault cleared?
NO

Are lift arms locked in either fully Check EDC valve raise or lower
raised or lowered position YES solenoids for sticking plunger
NO

Perform standby pressure test Adjust/examine flow

Is pressure 300–350 lbf/in2 NO compensating valve
(21–24 bar)? Fault cleared?
YES NO

Perform High Pressure Standby test (maximum Disassemble variable

system pressure) at remote valve displacement pump and check
Is pressure 2700–2800 lbf/in 2 swash plate piston for sticking
(186–193 bar)?
YES NO

While operating remotes at high Adjust pressure Examine flow/pressure

pressure standby operate compensating valve NO
compensating valve for
hydraulic lift Fault cleared? sticking
Lift operates correctly? Fault cleared?
YES NO

Investigate fault in Examine EDC valve for

load sensing line sticking spools and Place heavy weight on lift arms
from EDC valve leaking lift cylinder safety NO and check if arms leak down
valve under the pressure of load
Fault cleared? YES

Overhaul lift cylinder

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 15

Hydraulic Lift Not Working Correctly 175 and 190 Models

Is in cab fast raise/ work NO Move switch to work
switch in work position position
YES

Is hitch enabled YES Capture hitch

symbol illuminated
NO

Check position of controls

on control panel
Fault cleared?
NO
Is charge pressure YES Refer to charge pressure light
light flashing? flashing fault finding chart
NO

Has an Electronic draft control error

code been identified YES Refer to the Electronic Draft Control
Fault Cleared? fault codes in Section 55.
NO

If fitted, operate the trailer brakes, Suspect a fault in the variable

(install a pressure gauge in the trailer displacement pump assembly.
NO Pressure test the pump to determine
brake coupler), is the trailer brake
operating correctly? the fault.
YES

Operate the remote valves. (install Inspect the low pressure regulating
a pressure gauge in the remote NO valve assembly for sticking spool,
valve coupler), is the remote dirt contamination or broken
valve operating correctly? components. Fault cleared?
YES

Is hydraulic lift Perform pump leak test to determine if

YES fault relates to either internal leak or
working erratically?
hydraulic circuit leak
NO

Are lift arms locked in either fully Check EDC valve raise or lower
raised or lowered position YES solenoids for sticking plunger
NO

Perform standby pressure test Adjust/examine flow

Is pressure 300–350 lbf/in2 NO compensating valve
(21–24 bar)? Fault cleared?
YES NO

Perform High Pressure Standby test (maximum Disassemble variable

system pressure) at remote valve displacement pump and check
Is pressure 2900–3000 lbf/in 2 swash plate piston for sticking
(200–207 bar)?
YES NO

While operating remotes at high Adjust pressure Examine flow/pressure

pressure standby operate compensating valve NO
compensating valve for
hydraulic lift Fault cleared? sticking
Lift operates correctly? Fault cleared?
YES NO

Investigate fault in Examine EDC valve for Place heavy weight on lift arms
load sensing line sticking spools and NO and check if arms leak down
from EDC valve leaking lift cylinder safety under the pressure of load
valve YES
Fault cleared?
Overhaul lift cylinder

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16 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Remote Control Valves Not Working – Mechanically Actuated

Is hydraulic lift NO Refer to fault finding chart
working? for hydraulic lift not working
YES
Operate all remote valve
Test maximum system pressure levers simultaneously
at each remote valve coupler. Is the pressure at the Overhaul remote
Are pressures at each valve NO defective remote valve NO control valve(s) which
coupler below 2700–2800 lbf/in2 now 2700–2800 lbf/in2 fail pressure test
(186–193 bar)? (186–193 bar)?
YES
YES
Examine flow/pressure
compensating valve for sticking Examine load sensing valve
Fault cleared? between remote valve
sections.

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 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 17

Remote Control Valves Not Working – Electro–Hydraulic (EHR) Type

When the Key Start is Check Fuse 12. Replace if faulty.

switched ON, can the EHR NO NOTE: Other hydraulic functions will be
control lever solenoids be inoperative as well. Fault cleared?
heard to activate?
NO
YES

Is the hydraulic stop button NO Activate switch to the operating

in the operating position? position. Fault cleared?
YES NO

Is the hydraulic lift working? NO Refer to ’Hydraulic Lift Not Working’

YES

Check the EHR enable relay. NO Replace the relay

Is the relay okay?
YES

Are any EHR fault codes (R codes) YES refer to the Fault Code Chapter in the
stored in the controller memory? electrical section
NO

Are the components of the low Low pressure supply to remotes not
pressure system operating, ie, NO available. Fault find the low pressure
PTO, FWD, diff locks? system as described in ’Transmission
warning light ON’ fault
YES

Operate the hydraulic lift and Suspect a fault in the load sense circuit
simultaneously operate a remote YES or the compensating valve in the
valve. Is pressure registered from variable displacement pump
the remote coupler?
NO

Suspect a fault in the electrical system. Perform the

EHR valve renumbering procedure. If the valves are
still inoperative check the CAN–BUS wiring between
the remotes and central controller. If the fault still
persists re–load the software into the central
controller and if still inoperative replace the processor

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18 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

PUMP PRESSURE AND FLOW TESTING

IMPORTANT: Before performing any pressure or
flow testing operate the tractor until the oil in the rear
axle is at normal operating temperature. 755C
(1705F).
The following tests check operation of the hydraulic
pump and associated high pressure circuits.

Low Pressure Standby

1. Disconnect load sense line (1) to remote valves
and install cap (2) Tool Number 297604.

10
2. Attach 0–40bar (0–600lbf/in2) gauge 293242 to
remote valve coupling using remote valve
coupling 5101741 or 293449, adaptor 297606,
quick release fitting 297240, quick release
coupler 291924 and hose 292246.
3. Set engine speed to 1500 rev/min.

11
4. Pull and hold the respective remote valve control
lever in the ‘extend’ position.
5. The pressure reading should be 21–24 bar
(310–350 lbf/in2), 120 to 155 Models or 26 bar
(377 lbf/in2) 175 and 190 models and is the ‘Low
Pressure Standby‘.
IMPORTANT: Do Not operate tractor brakes
while the remote valve lever is in the operating
position, otherwise the system pressure will
increase to maximum pressure of 200 bar
(2900 lbf/in 2) resulting in damage to the pressure
gauge.
TIA35078
12
If pressure reading is marginally away from
Specification adjust flow compensating valve.
If reading is high examine flow compensating
valve (1) spool for sticking.
Figure 13, 120 to 155 Models

13

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 19

Figure 14, 175 and 190 Models

6. Reconnect load sense line.

14
High Pressure Standby
1. Attach 0–250bar (0–3600lbf/in2) gauge 293244
to remote valve coupling using remote valve
coupling 5101741, fitting 297606, quick release
fitting 297240, quick release coupling 291924
and hose 292246.
2. Set engine speed to 1500 rev/min.

15
3. Pull and hold the respective remote valve control
lever in the ‘extend’ position.
4. The pressure reading should rise to be 200 bar
(2900 lbf/in2), 120 to 155 Models or 210 bar
(3050 lbf/in2) 175 and 190 Models and is the
‘High Pressure Standby‘.

TIA35078
16
5. If reading is not to specification adjust pressure
compensating valve (2).
Figure 17, 120 to 155 Models.

17

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
20 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Figure 18, 175 and 190 Models.

18
Lift Ram Pressure Test
IMPORTANT: Before performing any pressure or
flow testing, operate the tractor until the oil in the rear
axle is at normal operating temperature. 755C
(1705F).
The following tests checks the operation of the EDC
valve / lift cover control valve and lift rams.

19
1. Insert Tee–piece, 297600, (120 to 155 Models),
Figure 19, or Tee–piece 380000517 (175 and
190 Models), Figure 20, between the lift cylinder
elbow and flexible hose. Install quick release
fitting 297240 to the tee–piece and install 0–250
bar gauge 293244 with quick release coupler,
291924 and hose 292246.

20
2. With the key ON, disconnect the lift arm
potentiometer. Error code 27 will be displayed or
stored in the memory.
3. Key OFF and reconnect the potentiometer.
4. Start the engine, Error code 24 (EDC requires
calibration) will be displayed or stored in the
memory. Set the engine speed to 1500 rev/min.

21

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 21

5. Move the position control lever fully down and

then fully up. Maximum pump pressure will be
applied for approximately 2 seconds as the
pressure relief valve operates.
6. The gauge should reach 200–210 bar
(2900–3050 lbf.in2).
7. If the pressure is low this may indicate either a
faulty EDC valve / lift cover control valve or a fault
in one of the lift rams.

22
Load Sensing Circuit Test
This test demonstrates how to check that the load
sense lines which signal the hydraulic pump to go on
and off load are functioning. With the test equipment
installed as shown the load sensing circuit to the
hydraulic remote valves is being tested. To test other
load sense circuits it is necessary to install the test
equipment in the load sense line of the specific circuit
to be tested.
1. Install Tee adaptor (3) 297603 and quick release
fitting 297240 (2) into load sense line.
2. Connect 0–250 bar (0–3600 lbf/in2) pressure
gauge (1), 293244, using quick release coupler
291924. 23
3. Set engine speed to 1500 rev/min.
4. Operate in turn each of the remote valves. As
each valve is operated the pressure should rise
from 21–24 bar (310–350 lbf/in2) to a maximum
of 190 bar (2750 lbf/in2). Changes in pressure
indicate that the load sensing line to each valve
is operating.

TIA35078
24

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
22 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Charge Pressure Test

1. Remove charge pressure switch. 1 2
2. Install 0–10 bar pressure gauge, 293241, (1)
using adaptors (2) as listed below.
120 to 155 Models:–
adaptor 297404
Quick release fitting 297240
quick release coupler 291924
or
M10x1.0 7/16 JIC adaptor 297417
if using JIC fittings on test hose
NOTE: The thread size of the charge pressure TIA35081
switch port is M10 x 1 DIN specification. 25
175 and 190 Models:–
adaptor (1) 297602
Quick release fitting (2) 297240
quick release coupler 291924

26
3. Install 180 ltr/min flow meter between remote
valves I and II. Ensure inlet hose of flowmeter is
installed into extend port of valve No I.
4. Fully open load valve on flow meter.
5. Set remote valve flow control knobs to maximum
flow.

27
6. Set remote valve No 2 in ‘Float’ position.
7. Set remote valve No 1 in ‘Extend’ position.
8. Start tractor and set engine speed to
1500 rev/min.

TIA35086
28

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 23

9. Move control lever for remote valve No 1

between extend and neutral position. The charge
pressure readings should not vary outside
1.6–3.4 bar (23–50 lbf/in2).
If pressure readings below 1.6 bar (23 lbf/in2) are
recorded replace hydraulic filters and re test.
If after retest charge pressure is still below
specification examine both the charge pressure filter
dump valve and charge pressure valve before
disassembling pump to inspect for wear.

TIA35086
29
Variable Flow Piston Pump Flow Test
To flow test the variable flow piston pump it is
recommended that the output is checked at the
remote valves.
1. Install flow meter between inlet ports of remote
valves I and II.
2. Set flow control knobs to maximum flow.

30
3. Ensure load valve on flow meter is fully ‘Open’.
4. Set tractor engine speed to 1100 rev/min.
5. Set remote valve No 2 in ‘Float’ position and
remote valve No 1 in ‘Extend’ position.

TIA35086
31
6. Adjust load on flow meter to a of pressure of
100bar.
7. If a flow of 45 ltr/min (120 to 155 Models) or 60
ltr/min (175 and 190 Models) is recorded the
pump flow is to specification.
NOTE: This test is performed at half maximum rated
speed and assumes that pump flow at rated speed
is twice that measured in the test.

TIA35086
32

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
24 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Hydraulic Pump Leak Test

The hydraulic pump leak test should be performed
whenever operation of the hydraulic system is erratic
or the pump is extremely noisy.
The purpose of the test is to, ascertain if the
malfunction of the system is due to an internal pump
leak or alternatively the ingress of air due to a leak
through a component in the system.
1. Disconnect the breather tube (1) from the top of
the hydraulic lift cover (2).

33
2. Attach approximately 11/2 metres of clear plastic
tubing (1) to the breather connection (2) on top
of the transmission and position the tubing so
that it forms a ‘U’ (Similar to a manometer).
3. Fill the tube with sufficient oil to prevent the
ingress of air through the tube.
4. Set tractor engine speed to 1000 rev/min and pull
and hold remote valve lever
If the hydraulic pump has an internal leak, oil or
bubbles will be sucked from the plastic tube into the
transmission.
If the hydraulic circuit has an external leak the oil in
the ‘U’ of the plastic tube will be pushed towards the
open end of the tube by the air being drawn into the 34
transmission casing through the pump.

WARNING
If the leak is excessively large it is possible for the oil
to be projected out of the tube. Take care to position
the tube so not to cause injury or project oil into the
work area.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 25

If an external leak is diagnosed use an ‘oil can’ to

selectively apply a film of oil around the joints of the
circuit. For example remote valve tubing joints.
When oil is applied to the leaking joint the noise in the
pump will cease.
If an internal leak is identified inspect mounting face
at pump intake port or intake tube in transmission for
missing or damaged ‘O’ ring, Figure 35.

35
Steering Pump Test
1
There is no relief valve in the steering pump. The
following practical test will determine if steering
pump output is sufficient to allow satisfactory
operation of the steering system.

Steering Test
1. Set engine speed to 1100 rev/min.
2. Turn steering quickly from lock to lock.
If steering is operating correctly the reaction
should be immediate with no time delay between
turning the steering wheel and movement of the
wheels.
36
3. At full lock the relief valve in the steering motor
should be heard to blow and the engine speed
drop to approximately 970 rev/min.

If the transmission low pressure warning light of

the 120 to 155 Models, or the steering pressure
warning light of the 175 and 190 models comes
on when the steering is held on full lock this is an
indication that the pump has developed an
internal leak. Check torque of pump mounting
bolts and if tight examine pump for leaking seals
or wear.

Steering Circuit Pressure Test

1. Install Tee adaptor (2) 297600 and quick release
fitting (3) 297240, into hose to steering cylinder.
2. Connect 0–250 bar (0–3600 lbf/in2) pressure
gauge (1) 293244, with hose 292246, using quick
release coupler 291924.
3. Set engine speed to 1500 rev/min.
4. Turn steering wheel to full lock and hold in
position.
5. Pressure reading of 186 bar should be recorded.
.

37

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
26 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Steering Relief Valve Pressure Test

IMPORTANT: There is no relief valve in the
steering/low pressure pump and the following
pressure test must only be performed as specified
below. Failure to observe this precaution may result
in severe damage to the hydraulic pump.

1. Turn steering onto full left hand lock.

2. Disconnect the left hand turn feed hose.
3. Install Tee adaptor (4) 297600 and quick release
fitting (2) 297240, into the solid tube. Cap the
bottom of the Tee–piece with blanking cap,
297671 or a standard No 6 cap (11/16 in ORFS
female thread cap purchased locally (3).
4. Connect 0–250 bar (0–3600 lbf/in2) pressure
gauge, 293244 (1), with hose 292246, using
quick release coupler 291924.
5. Start tractor and set engine speed to
1450 rev/min. Turn steering wheel to the left with
a pull of approximately 22 N (2.25 kgf, 5 lbf) and
observe the pressure reading. 38
NOTE: The use of a force greater than 5 lbf. at the
rim of the steering wheel may lead to slightly inaccur-
ate readings due to the pumping action of the hydro-
static steering motor.
If the steering test was satisfactory but the pressure
readings are away from specification the relief valve
in the steering motor must be adjusted.
The pressure reading should be:–
186 bar (2700 lbf/in2) for all models.
6. If the system pressure is not to specification
proceed to Relief Valve Adjustment.

Low Pressure System Test

The low pressure circuit can be checked on all
models by removing the low pressure warning
switch, located in the transmission side cover for
Range, Dual and Shuttle command transmissions
and in the top cover of the Power Command
transmission, and inserting fitting (1) 297607 with a
quick release fitting (2) 297240.
Attach 40 bar (600 lbf.in2) gauge (3) 293242 using
quick release coupler 291924 and hose 292246.
Start and run the engine at 1500 rev/min. The gauge
should read 16–18 bar (235–265 lbf.in2), for 120 to
155 Models and 24 bar (348 lbf.in2) for 175 and 190
Models. 39

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 27

120 to 155 Models Power Command Transmission,

low pressure warning light switch (1)

40
175 and 190 Models Power Command
Transmission, low pressure warning light switch,
C036.

41
Range Command Transmission low pressure
warning light switch.

TIA35047
42
Dual Command Transmission low pressure warning
light switch.

TIA35155
43

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
28 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Shuttle Command Transmission low pressure

warning light switch.

TIA35177
44
175 and 190 Models – Low Pressure
component tests
The components of the low pressure system, ie, the
PTO, PTO brake, Four Wheel Drive and Diff lock
which are supplied from a common manifold can be
tested from ports located in the manifold body.
1. PTO Brake
2. Four Wheel Drive
3. PTO Clutch (Quick release adaptor installed)
4. Differential Lock
5. PTO Lubrication

45

1. Remove the test port plug and install adaptor,

297404 (3) and quick release fitting 297240 (2).
2. Attach a 40 bar (600 lbf.in2) gauge (1) 293242
using quick release coupler 291924 and hose
292246.
3. Start and run the engine at 1500 rev/min.
Operate the component to be tested, the gauge
should read 24 bar (348 lbf.in2).
4. If there is no change in pressure when the
component is operated, but low pressure system
oil has already been established, then the fault
could be either with the solenoid or wiring. Check
for voltage at the respective connector. If +12v is 46
available suspect the solenoid, if no voltage is
seen suspect the wiring.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 29

OPEN CENTRE (FIXED DISPLACEMENT

PUMP)
LIFT PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE

Removal–Installation (Op. 35 114 30)

The lift pressure regulating valve (high pressure
circuit relief valve) is located between the oil supply
tube and hydraulic pump.
If faulty, remove and replace the valve.

LIFT PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE

47
Setting (Op. 35 114 32)
Proceed as follows:
1. Run the engine until oil reaches a temperature of
approximately 50°C.
2. Insert fitting tool no. 293449 or 5101741(1) into
a remote valve coupler and connect to a 0 to 250
bar pressure gauge 293244 from test kit no.
292870.
3. Move and hold the remote valve lever until the
pressure regulating valve operates.
4. With the engine running at medium speed, the
pressure gauge should read approx. 186 to 191
bar (190 to 195 kg/cm2). If the valve setting is not
to specification, the best thing to do is to replace
the valve. In case of need, however, it is possible
to adjust valve setting through the threaded plug 48
using the spanner tool no. 291863. Tighten the
threaded plug to increase valve setting, loosen to
decrease.
NOTE: The pressure regulating valve setting can
also be checked as a bench test, as follows:
5. Mount the pressure regulating valve (1) on the
test fitting tool no. 290824 (2) and connect fitting
to the hand pump tool no. 290284 (3).
6. Prime the hand pump (3) and check that the
pressure regulating valve opens at a pressure of
approximately 186 to 191 bar.
NOTE: The pressure regulating valve is set with oil
flow in production. Consequently, the test performed
using the hand pump tool no. 290284 should be
considered as indicative only. Therefore, we advise
to test the pressure regulating valve setting with the
valve installed in the tractor, as previously described.

49

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002 1
30 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

POWER COMMAND TRANSMISSION

PRESSURE TESTING
Transmission Clutches, A,B,C,D,E, F1, F2, F3,
F4 and R
Where F1 = Slow Range
F2 = Medium Range
F3 = Fast Range
F4 = 19th Gear (50 Kph models only)
1. Prepare the tractor for pressure testing:
(iii) Start and drive the tractor to warm the
transmission oil to a minimum operating
temperature of 60°C (140°F).
50
(i) Ensure handbrake is fully applied.
2. Install diagnostic switch (1), Tool No. 295041 into
the white diagnostic plug of the tractor harness,
Figure 50.
3. Install suitable pressure gauges (0–40bar,
0–600 lbf.in2) with the appropriate quick release
couplers, nine, or ten if a 50 Kph tractor, if
available, into each of the clutch pressure test
points as follows:–

51

ÉÉ
Pressure gauge, hose and adaptor details:
1. Pressure gauge, 293242
2. Quick release adaptor, 291924
ÉÉ 2
3. Hose 292246
4. Adaptor, 291927
1
ÉÉ
4

52
(a) The test ports for the A, B, C, D and E clutches
A B
of the 120 to 155 Models are located in the raised E D C
horizontal manifold, under the right hand foot
step, Figure 53.

TA6021003
53

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 31

The test ports for the A, B, C, D and E clutches

of the 175 and 190 Models are located in the
transmission top cover.
If quick release fittings are not installed, remove
the test port plugs and install adaptor, 297404 (3)
and quick release fitting 297240 (2) into ports B,
C, D and E. Into Clutch A port, due to its limited
access, install Banjo fitting 297602 (1) and quick
release fitting 297240.

54
(b) Mounted on the left hand side of the
transmission is the Medium Range Test Port (1).
On some tractors it will be necessary to remove
the existing quick release fitting and install the
adaptor, 297609 (1) for easier access. Refit
quick release fitting into adaptor. Fit gauge,
293242 0–40bar (0–600lbf/in2) with hose,
292246 and quick release coupler 291924 (2).

55
(c) Mounted on Right Hand side of the
transmission is the Reverse Range Test Port (1),
all models and on the 120 to 155 Models only, the
A to E clutch test ports (2).

56
(d) Mounted on the top of the transmission is the
Slow Range Test Port (1), and the Fast Range
Test Port (2).

57

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
32 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

(e) On the 50 Kph tractor model the clutch test

point (1), is located on the 19th gear dump
solenoid manifold. Install the hose and gauge
directly to the factory fitted quick release fitting.

58
4. Start the engine and enter HJ mode. Depress the
clutch pedal and move the shuttle lever into
forward. Release the clutch. The upper
character on the display will show ‘A’, indicating
that clutch ‘A’ solenoid will be energised.

59
5. To energise the solenoid press and hold the
downshift button and observe the pressure
reading on the gauge which should be 16–18 bar
(120 to 155 models) or 20–22 bar (175 and 190
models).
NOTE: The clutch pedal (1) should be depressed be-
fore energising the solenoid. Once energised the
pedal should be released slowly to avoid harsh clutch
engagement.

60

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 33

6. The pressure can be controlled with the clutch

pedal. When the pedal is depressed the lower
two digits will change to a number 0–16
indicating the approximate pressure in bars, as
long as the clutch pedal is correctly calibrated.
With the pedal fully released ‘FP’ will be
displayed indicating Full Pressure. Here clutch A
is indicating approximately 7 bar (3).
7. To select other clutches, repeatedly press the
upshift button (2) and then depress the downshift
button (1) to energise the solenoid.
8. If all gauges read low, suspect a fault in the low
pressure hydraulic system, refer to section 35.
61
9. If one or more gauges read correct and the other
gauges are low this indicates that the hydraulic
system is okay and that the fault lies within the
transmission assembly. Remove and inspect the
relevant solenoid valve assembly, if no fault is
found suspect an internal transmission fault. it
will be necessary to remove the transmission
and disassemble the relevant area to locate the
fault.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
34 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

RANGE COMMAND TRANSMISSION

PRESSURE TESTING

1. Prepare the tractor for pressure testing:

(iii) Start and drive the tractor to warm the
transmission oil to a minimum operating
temperature of 50°C (122°F).
(i) Ensure the handbrake is fully applied and
wheels chocked.
2. Install diagnostic switch (1) Tool No.295041
(4FT.950) into the white diagnostic plug of the
tractor harness.
62
For ease of testing use (0–40bar, 0–600 lbf.in2)
pressure test gauge with quick release coupler as
ÉÉ
ÉÉ
shown. 2
1. Pressure gauge, 293242 1
2. Quick release adaptor, 291924
3. Hose 292246
4
4. Adaptor, 291927

63
Transmission Clutches, A,B,C,D and E
A B
E D C
3. Install adaptors 297404 and quick release fitting
297240 into test ports and attach gauges.
If pressure gauges with 7/16 in JIC hoses are
used then 10–1.00 mm x 7/16 JIC adaptors
297417 (NH.35–103) can be installed into the
test ports as an alternative fitting.

TA6021003
64
4. Start the engine and enter HJ mode. Depress the
clutch pedal and move the shuttle lever into
forward. Release the clutch. The upper
character on the display will show ‘A’, indicating
that clutch ‘A’ solenoid will be energised. To
energise the solenoid press and hold the
downshift button and observe the pressure
reading on the gauge which should be 17±1 bar.

65

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 35

5. To select other clutches, B, C ,D or E, repeatedly

press the upshift button and then depress the
downshift button to energise the solenoid.

6. The pressure can be controlled with the clutch

pedal. When the pedal is depressed the lower
two digits will change to a number 0–16
indicating the approximate pressure in bars, as
long as the clutch pedal is correctly calibrated.
With the pedal fully released ‘FP’ will be
displayed indicating Full Pressure.

66
Low, Medium, High and Reverse Synchroniser
Pressure Testing 2
1
Figure 67 –1. Reverse synchroniser test point
2. High synchroniser test point

Figure 68 –1. Low synchroniser test point

2. Medium synchroniser test point
TIA35159

67
Due to the operating characteristics of the
transmission it is not possible to pressure test the 2
synchroniser circuits during normal tractor
operation.

To check the pressure within the synchroniser

circuits it is recommended that the clutch calibration
procedure using, H1, mode ‘N’ is used.

TIA355160
68
1. Install adaptors 297404 and quick release fitting
297240 into test ports.
Where access is restricted banjo fitting 297602
and quick release fitting 297240 can be used
2. Attach (0–40bar, 0–600 lbf.in2) pressure test
gauge with quick release coupler 291924 to each
test port.
If pressure gauges with 7/16 in JIC hoses are
used then 10–1.00 mm x 7/16 JIC adaptors
297417 (NH.35–103) can be installed into the
test ports as an alternative fitting.
TA6021013
69

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
36 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

3. Start engine and use diagnostic switch (1) to

enter mode H1.

70
4. Depress the clutch pedal and position the shuttle
lever in forward.

5. Depress the clutch pedal and position the shuttle

lever in forward.

6. Set engine speed to 1100 rev/min.

71
7. Cycle through H1 to ‘N’, using the upshift button.

8. Depress the downshift button to activate all of

the synchroniser solenoids.

72
9. Each gauge should indicate 17±1 bar when the
solenoids are activated and zero when
deactivated.

10. If all gauges read low, suspect a fault in the low

pressure hydraulic system, refer to section 35.

11. If one or more gauges read correct and the other

gauges are low this indicates that the hydraulic
system is okay and that the fault lies within the
transmission assembly. Remove and inspect the
solenoid valve assembly, if no fault is found
remove the transmission side cover and inspect
the operating piston and seals. TA6021004
73

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 37

DUAL COMMAND TRANSMISSION PRESSURE

TESTING
Transmission Clutches A and B

1. Prepare the tractor for pressure testing:

(iii) Start and drive the tractor to warm the
transmission oil to a minimum operating
temperature of 50°C (122°F).
(i) Ensure the handbrake is fully applied and
wheels chocked.
(i) Remove the instrument console side covers, lift TA6021012
and remove cab rubber mat and remove the floor
pan. 74

(iii)Ensure the handbrake is fully applied and wheels

chocked.

(iv)Disconnect a range switch connector and install

bypass connector, Special Tool 295044
(4FT.951) into the harness, (1) Figure 74.
For ease of testing use (0–40bar, 0–600 lbf.in2)
ÉÉ
ÉÉ
pressure test gauge with quick release coupler as
2

ÉÉ
shown.
1. Pressure gauge, 293242 1
2. Quick release adaptor, 291924
3. Hose 292246
4
4. Adaptor, 291927

75
2. Install adaptors 297404 and quick release fitting
297240 into test ports A and B and attach
gauges.
If pressure gauges with 7/16 in JIC hoses are
used then 10–1.00 mm x 7/16 JIC adaptors
297417 (NH.35–103) can be installed into the
test ports as an alternative fitting.

76

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
38 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

3. Start the engine, engage 1st GEAR, and shuttle

to FORWARD, leaving the RANGE IN
NEUTRAL. Increase engine speed to
approximately. 1200 rev/min.

4. Using the Hi–Lo buttons on the main shift lever,

switch between Hi and lo drive and observe the
gauges. TA6021005
77

Each clutch should obtain 16–18 bar

(235–261 lbf/in2) maximum pressure, when fully
engaged and zero pressure when disengaged.

TA6021007
78

During the swapping of clutches there is an overlap

period where both clutches have approximately 5 bar
(75 lbf/in2) at the crossover point.

79

When the clutch pedal is depressed a gradual

reducing of pressure should be seen and when the
clutch pedal switch has operated, zero pressure
should be indicated on the gauge. When releasing
the clutch the opposite of disengaging should be
seen with a gradual and smooth increase of pressure
up to maximum pressure.

80
604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 39

Shuttle Synchroniser Operating Piston

Pressure Testing

NOTE: Due to the operating characteristics of the R F

synchroniser it is not possible to accurately pressure
test the synchroniser operating piston during normal
tractor operation. The synchroniser will only take the
required pressure to move and then the pressure will
be cut. This would be seen only as a momentary blip
on a pressure gauge. Therefore the following
procedure, using the calibration mode, should be
used to determine if full pressure is being achieved.

1. Prepare the tractor as described for testing the A

TA6021010
and B clutches.
81
NOTE: If only pressure testing the synchroniser
piston it is not necessary to install the range switch
bypass connector, tool number 295044.

2. Install the pressure gauges, adaptors and hoses

into the test points located in the top cover,
Figure 81.

3. Enter the calibration mode for the synchroniser:–

(i) Press and hold engaged, both the Hi–Lo shift

buttons on the main lever. With the buttons
depressed start the engine.

(ii) ‘CAL’ will be displayed on the instrument panel.

Release the buttons.

(iii)Press and hold in both the Hi–Lo shift buttons

again. After a few seconds ‘SOC’ will be
displayed and the synchroniser calibration will
commence.

82

Pressures
Stage Forward (F) Reverse (R)

The table (Figure 83) shows the synchroniser 1 NO NO

calibration stages and at what stage pressure can be
expected to be seen. 2 NO YES

3 B CLUTCH PRESSURISED

4 NO NO

5 YES NO

83

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
40 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

TRAILER BRAKE VALVE PRESSURE TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING

Delivery or suction oil

Discharge oil
Tractor braking circuit oil
(brakes not applied)
84
TRAILER BRAKE VALVE ELECTRO–HYDRAULIC OPERATION DIAGRAM (ITALY ONLY)
ENGINE RUNNING, PARKING BRAKE ENGAGEMENT.
1. Parking brake control lever – 2. Parking brake indicator circuit relay – 3. Trailer brake circuit relay – 4. Trailer braking control
solenoid valves – 5a. Delivery solenoid valve (normally open) – 5b. Discharge solenoid valve (normally closed) – 6. Trailer
brake disengagement pressure regulating valve – 7. Trailer braking valve (see pages 3 and 4) – 8. Trailer brake circuit safety
switch – 9. Hydraulic pump – 10. Filter – 11. Brake control line – 12. Hydraulic lift and auxiliary valve supply line – 13. Brake
pump – 14. Trailer–tractor coupler – 15. Trailer brake control line – 16. Trailer brake engaged indicator switch 17– 19. Springs
– 18. Trailer brake control pin – 20. Battery – 21. Parking brake engaged switch – 22. Trailer brake engaged light indicator.
Parking brake (1) engagement makes the switch (21) close. Therefore current is allowed to reach and excite
the relay (2),and through the closed relay contact (2) it excites the solenoid valves (5a and 5b) closing the former
and opening the latter. In this condition line and trailer brake oil (15), subject to the spring (19) force can reach
the discharge through the solenoid valve (5b). Braking action is performed mechanically following the spring (19)
pressure on the pin (18). Oil discharge creates a pressure drop which closes the switch (16), and current, passing
through the switch (16), reaches the instrument panel light indicator (22), which lights up.
Notice – After parking brake engagement, wait approx. 10 seconds before stopping the engine to permit com-
plete oil discharge from trailer brake cylinder and obtain optimal braking action.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 41

TEST CONDITIONS.
Oil temperature 40° to 50° C. Electrical system powered.
Engine speed 1000 rpm. Parking brake disengaged.

TRAILER BRAKE DISENGAGEMENT PRESSURE TEST

(ITALIAN TRAILER BRAKES ONLY)
Proceed as follows:
1. Insert fitting no. 293190 (1) into the trailer brake
coupler and connect it to a 0 to 40 bar pressure
gauge 293242.
2. With engine and oil as detailed above, pressure
should be 11 to 12 bar (11.2 to 12.2 kg/cm2).
3. Make sure that light indicator (22, Figure 84 ) is
off.
4. Engage parking brake, disconnect pressure
gauge and fitting no. 293190 (1).

85

TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem Possible cause Correction
Trailer brake disengagement 1. Parking brake (1, Figure 84) Disengage parking brake.
pressure = 0 bar (light indicator on engaged.
22, Figure 84).
2. Trailer brake disengagement Replace valve.
pressure valve misadjusted (6)
3. Faulty trailer brake circuit Replace switch.
safety switch (8).
4. Faulty hydraulic pump (9). Overhaul or replace pump.
5. Delivery solenoid valve (5a) Repair or replace solenoid valve.
stuck closed.
6. Discharge solenoid valve (5b) Repair or replace solenoid valve.
stuck open.
Trailer brake disengagement 1. Trailer brake disengagement Replace valve.
pressure = 0 to 11 bar pressure valve misadjusted (6).
(0 to 11.2 kg/cm2).
Correct trailer brake 1. Faulty trailer brake engaged Replace switch.
disengagement pressure but light indicator switch (16).
indicator (22) is on.
Trailer brake disengagement 1. Faulty indicator lamp (22). Replace lamp.
pressure not correct but light
indicator (22) is off.
2. Faulty trailer brake engaged Replace switch.
indicator switch (16).

NOTE: The switch (8) can be recognized by the red paint point between the two switch blades.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
42 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

TRAILER BRAKING SYSTEM PRESSURE TEST

(ALL MODELS)
Proceed as follows:
1. Insert fitting no. 293190 (1) in trailer brake
coupler and connect it to a 0 to 250 bar pressure
gauge 293244.
2. Couple both brake pedals together and with
engine and oil in the conditions described at the
beginning of this chapter, apply the foot brake.
The pressure gauge reading should increase
depending on pedal effort up to 135 to 145 bar
(138 to 148 kg/cm2).
3. Engage parking brake, disconnect pressure
gauge and fitting no. 293190 (1).

86

TROUBLESHOOTING.
Problem Possible cause Correction
Pressure higher or lower than 1. Faulty trailer braking auxiliary Replace trailer braking auxiliary
specified. valve pressure regulating valve valve.
(3, Figure 84).
2. Faulty hydraulic pump (9). Replace pump.

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM LEAK TEST

(ALL MODELS)
Proceed as follows:
1. Insert fitting no. 293190 (1) in trailer brake
coupler and connect it to a 0 to 250 bar pressure
gauge 293244.
2. Couple both brake pedals together and with
engine and oil in the conditions described at the
beginning of this chapter apply the foot brakes for
a minimum of 10 seconds. The pressure gauge
reading should increase up to 135 to 145 bar
(138 to 148 kg/cm2) and remain constant.
3. Engage parking brake, disconnect pressure
gauge and fitting no. 293190 (1).

87

TROUBLESHOOTING.
Problem Possible cause Correction
Excess pressure peaks are 1. Oil leaks from hydraulic sys- Locate leaks and repair.
observed when applying the tem.
brake pedals for 10 seconds.
2. Solenoid valve leak Replace solenoid valve.
(5b, Figure 84).
3. Trailer brake auxiliary valve (7) Replace trailer brake auxiliary
leaks. valve.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 43

PARKING BRAKE ENGAGEMENT TEST

(ITALIAN TRAILER BRAKES ONLY)
Proceed as follows:
1. Insert fitting no. 293190 (1) in trailer brake
coupler and connect it to a 0 to 40 bar pressure
gauge293242.
2. With engine and oil in the conditions described at
the beginning of this chapter, fully raise parking
brake control lever (1, Figure 84).
3. Check if pressure is 0 bar and light indicator (22,
Figure 84) is on.
4. With parking brake engaged disconnect
pressure gauge and fitting no. 293190 (1).

88
TROUBLESHOOTING.
Problem Possible cause Correction
Trailer brake disengagement 1. Faulty parking brake engaged Replace switch.
pressure does not zero when switch (21, Figure 84).
parking brake is applied.
2. Faulty parking brake indicator Replace relay.
circuit relay (2).
3. Discharge solenoid valve Repair or replace solenoid valve.
(5b)faulty or stuck closed.

TRAILER BRAKE CIRCUIT SAFETY SWITCH TEST

(ITALIAN TRAILER BRAKES ONLY)
Proceed as follows:
1. Insert fitting no. 293190 in trailer brake coupler
and connect it to a 0 to 40 bar pressure gauge
293242.
2. With parking brake ‘Off’ and tractor brakes not
applied, operate and hold the remote control
valve lever and allow the system pressure relief
valve to operate. Keep this position for a few
seconds and quickly release the control lever.
3. Check if parking brake disengagement pressure
remains at the specified value: 11 to 12 bar (11.2
to 12.2 kg/cm2).
4. Engage parking brake, disconnect pressure
gauge and fitting no. 293190 (1). 89
TROUBLESHOOTING.
Problem Possible cause Correction
Trailer brake disengagement 1. Trailer brake circuit safety Replace switch.
pressure is permanently zeroed switch (8, Figure 84)
when operating the levers adjustment exceeding rated
described above. value (3 ± 0.5 bar).
2. Switches (8 and 16) reversed in Move switches to correct positions
the specified positions or with or reverse power supply cables.
exchanged power supply
cables.

NOTE: The switch (8) can be recognized by the red painted dot between the two switch blades.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
44 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

Cooler By–pass Valve – Lubrication Pressure

IMPORTANT: Before performing any pressure or
flow testing operate the tractor until the oil in the rear
axle is at normal operating temperature. 755C
(1705F).
The following test checks the operation of the cooler
by–pass valve and lubrication valve and should be
performed if insufficient lubrication pressure is
suspected.
1. Insert the Tee–piece, 297610, (1), with quick
release fitting, 297240, (2), into the lubrication
tube, between the transmission top cover and
the oil cooler.
2. Install 27 bar (300 lbf.in2) gauge, 297167, (3) 90
using hose 292246 and quick release coupler
291924.
3. The following pressures should be observed at
the different engine rev/min.

3.0 bar @ 1000 erpm

3.5 bar @ 1500 erpm
7.5 bar @ 2000 erpm
PTO Clutch Lubrication – 175 and 190 Models
The lubrication oil to the PTO clutch can be tested at
the low pressure manifold through test port (5).
1. Remove the test port plug and install adaptor,
297404 (3) and quick release fitting 297240 (2).
2. Attach a 27 bar (300 lbf.in2) gauge, 297167, (1)
using quick release coupler 291924 and hose
292246.
3. Start and run the engine at 1500 rev/min.
Operate the PTO and observe the gauge, the
pressure may fluctuate slightly but should remain
between 2–4 bar (29–58 lbf.in2).
91
Brake Booster Valve Pressure Test – 120 to 155
Models
The system works from the low pressure circuit and
therefore the engine must be running to measure
operation pressures. Both brake pedals must be
pressed simultaneously to operate the booster due
to the logic head in the braking system.
1. Insert a banjo 297602, (1), quick release fitting
297240, (3), in place of the bleed fitting on the
booster.
2. Install a 100 bar (1450 lbf.in2) gauge, 293243,
(2).
3. Disconnect the front axle tube where the solid
tube joins the flexible hose. 92

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9 45

4. Install tee–piece, 297601, (1), with quick release

adaptor, 297240, (4) and blanking cap 297605,
(2). Fit the gauge 293243, (3) with quick release
coupling, 291924 and bleed the front brake line
before commencing the pressure test.
NOTE: Isolating the front brakes eliminates the
possibility of testing with air or leaks at that end of the
system.
5. The following pressures, in bar, should be
observed with the engine OFF and with the
engine at 1000 rev/min with both brake pedals
depressed.

0 rev/min 1000 rev/min 93

Booster valve input 45–55bar 45–55bar

Brake Oil pressure 10–15bar 50–55bar

NOTE: Pressures obtained at maximum brake pedal

force.
Power Brake Supply and Accumulator Test –
175 and 190 Models
The supply to the power brake system, the
accumulator and system check valve can be
checked for correct operation using the following
procedure.
1. Remove the low brake pressure warning switch
from the manifold and install adaptor 297607
with quick release fitting 297240.
2. Attach a 40 bar (600 lbf.in2) gauge (1) 293242
using quick release coupler 291924 and hose
292246.
3. Start and run the engine at 1500 rev/min.
Operate the brake pedal and observe the gauge, 94
the pressure may fluctuate slightly but should
remain between 22–24 bar (319–348 lbf.in2).
4. Turn the engine OFF and observe the gauge. If
the manifold check valve is operating correctly
the pressure should remain between 22–24 bar
(319–348 lbf.in2).
NOTE: If a gradual drop in pressure is indicated the
master cylinder may have an internal leak or a stick-
ing piston assembly. To confirm if a fault is within the
master cylinder, cap the supply to the master cylinder
from the accumulator/manifold assembly and repeat
the test. If the pressure remains constant with the
feed tube capped then this indicates that the master
cylinder has a fault.
5. With the engine OFF, operate the brake pedals,
if the accumulator is working correctly the
system will lose approximately 1 bar (14.5 lbf.in2)
with every application of the brake pedals.
NOTE: The low brake pressure warning switch is set
at 15 bar (218 lbf.in2), therefore after approximately
7–9 applications the instrument cluster warning lamp
will illuminate when the engine is not running.

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002
46 SECTION 35 – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM – CHAPTER 9

NOTES

604.55.111.00 – 06 – 2002