1. Can the engineer manager avoid making decision?

Justify your answer

Actually it depends on the situation but most of the time engineer manager can’t avoid

making a decision because deciding to stay quiet and not be bothered by the problems is also a

decision itself. No one is perfect neither engineer manager and being incapable to make a

decision on a certain situation will not make you less as a manager that is why is it important to

have a cooperation and unity between manager and subordinates to support each other and to

decide what to do.

2. When a problem becomes apparent and the engineer manager chooses to ignore it, is

he making a decision? Explain.

Yes, like what I’ve said in question number 1, deciding to ignore and to stay quiet about

issues and problems is already a decision and no one knows that maybe choosing to ignore or

not to decide is the correct decision and the team and company will benefit from it. No matter

the outcome is, the engineer will be the responsible from it.

3. Why is proper diagnosis of the problem important?

It is necessary to have a proper diagnosis of problems because it will help the engineer

manager to come up with the best solution to the problem. Without a proper diagnosis the

problem will not be solved. For the worst case scenario, if the engineer manager didn’t do

correct diagnosis it will make the team of the company to a situation where everything will be

ruined.

4. What are the components of the environment from the point of view of the decision

maker? What do they consist of?

these are internal and external environment. Internal environment consists of organizational,

marketing, production and financial aspects. On the other hand, external environment consists

of the government, engineers, labor unions, suppliers, banks, public competitors and client.

5. How may one develop viable alternatives in problem solving?

Developing alternatives is not easy to because you have to look at the problem not just

in one way but in so many ways and asking yourself different what-ifs questions. You will be

able to develop viable alternative starting by examining different given facts and know what

these facts mean and why they matter.

6. How may alternative solutions be evaluated?

Alternative solutions may be evaluated if we are going to based it on the limitations and

scope of the problem. During the evaluation of alternatives, careful consideration is given to

social, economic, and other factors that will influence the outcome. It is also important to

consider and compare the different alternative solutions that you come up in terms of its

importance, expense and risk characteristics.

7. Why is it important for those who will be involved in implementation to understand and

accept the solution to the problem?

I think it is important for individuals and organizations to understand and accept the

solution to the problem because knowing and understanding are big factors in case there is

something that goes wrong, they will be able to think faster and come up to solve the problem

again. Thinking and accepting are part of understand what may the outcome will be.

8. What are the approaches in solving problem?

The approaches in solving problem are:

judgment. Qualitative evaluation basically is the directional evaluation which provide direction as

outcome without quantifying the angel or quantum of direction. Being the part of qualitative

research these types evaluations lead to concept development or theory building.

2. Quantitative evaluation – refers to the evaluation of alternatives using any technique in a

group classified as rational and analytical. It is different from both “exercise solving”, in which

past routines are applied to solve similar problems, and the “trial and error” approach some use

to match correct formula to problems.

9. What quantitative techniques are useful in decision making?

From my perspective, the quantitative techniques that are useful in decision making are:

1. Queuing Theory - The queuing theory is one that portrays how to decide the number of

benefit units that will minimize both clients holding up time and taken a toll of benefit.

2. Forecasting – Predicting is very important to see what will happen if we make a difficult

situation so forecasting plays an important part in decision making.

3. Linear Programming - Linear programming is a quantitative technique that is used to produce

an optimum solution within the bounds imposed by constraints upon the decision. Linear

programming is very useful as a decision-making tool when supply and demand limitations at

plants, warehouse, or market areas are constraints upon the system.

4. Statistical Decision Theory - Decision theory refers to the “rational way to conceptualize,

analyze, and solve problems in situation involving limited, or partial information about the

decision environment.

10. What is the purpose of Bayesian Analysis?

unknown parameters using probability statements. A method of statistical inference that allows

one to combine prior information about a population parameter with evidence from information

contained in a sample to guide the statistical inference process. A prior probability distribution

for a parameter of interest is specified first. The evidence is then obtained and combined

through an application of Bayes’ theorem to provide a posterior probability distribution for the

parameter. The posterior distribution provides the basis for statistical inferences concerning the

parameter.

11. Provide an illustration of how Bayesian Analysis is used.

Reference: The illustration

is from shutterstock.

Bayesian analysis example model, vector illustration labeled graph lines. Decision
making approach for drawing evidence based conclusions about hypothesis. Prior and posterior
beliefs relationship.