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Slope Stability

This document discusses slope stability and factors that can trigger slope failures such as intense rainfall, water level changes, seismic activity, and human activity. It provides various remedies for stabilizing slopes including changing slope geometry, controlling seepage and groundwater, using retaining structures, and considering infinite and finite slope types. Several example problems are given to calculate factors of safety against sliding and critical heights for infinite slopes under various conditions.

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Dupio German II
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263 views5 pages

Slope Stability

This document discusses slope stability and factors that can trigger slope failures such as intense rainfall, water level changes, seismic activity, and human activity. It provides various remedies for stabilizing slopes including changing slope geometry, controlling seepage and groundwater, using retaining structures, and considering infinite and finite slope types. Several example problems are given to calculate factors of safety against sliding and critical heights for infinite slopes under various conditions.

Uploaded by

Dupio German II
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SLOPE STABILITY AND SOIL BEARING CAPACITY

SLOPE STABILITY is the potential of soil covered slopes to withstand and undergo movement. Stability is
determined by the balance of shear stress and shear strength.

WHY NEED TO UNDERSTAND THE SLOPE FAILURES?

SLOPE FAILURE TRIGGERING MECHANISMS


 INTENSE RAIN FALL
 WATER-LEVEL CHANGE
 SEEPAGE WATER FLOW
 VOLCANIC ERUTION
 EARTHQUAKE SHAKING
 HUMAN ACTIVITY

Remedies of slope stability


Remedies of slope stability or protection work is required to maintain the slope stability due
to causing mechanisms. Some of these remedies are provided below:
Geometry of the slope

The first way is by:


1. Changing the geometry of the slope in order to reduce the driving force. This can be
done by following ways:
a. By flattening the slope.
b. By providing benching.

c. By decreasing the height of the slope


d. By providing the counter weight using berm. (A berm is a level space, shelf, or
raised barrier separating two areas. It can serve as a fortification line, a
border/separation barrier, in industrial settings, or in many other applications.)

2. Seepage and Ground Water Control


a. By providing the network of surface and subsurface drains.
b. Another way of reducing it is by providing surface protection this may be done by
stone pitching or rip rap etc. Another effective way of reducing the surface
erosion is by growing vegetation.

3. Retaining Structures
a. By constructing retaining wall near the toe of the slope.
b. Near the toes installing vertical piles.
c. By using earth or rock anchors.

d. By the use of reinforced earth.

TYPES OF SLOPES

 INFINTE SLOPES
- They have dimensions that extend over great distances and the soil mass is inclined
to the horizontal

Normal and Shearing Stress


 σ = ɣ H cos2ß
 τ = ɣ H cosß sinß
 FS = = = =

FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST SLIDING


1. No pore water pressure
F.S. = +

Hcr =

2. Seepage is present on the soil


a. For full seepage
F.S. = + (

b. For partial seepage


F.S. = + (

Where:
o FS – Factor of Safety
o c – cohesion of soil
o ɣ - unit weight of soil
o ɣsat – saturated unit weight of soil
o H – height of soil above the interface of rock and soil
o ß – angle of backfill from horizontal
o or φ – angle of internal friction

 FINITE SLOPES
- It is the one with a base and top surface, the height being limited.
- The inclined faces of earth dams, embankments and excavation and the like are all
finite slopes.

 FS = =
Where:
 Ff = µN = tan Θ Wy
 Fc = c (AreaAC)

 H=

 m= ; Stability Number

 ; Stability factor

 Θcr = ; Angle at which maximum developed cohesion

SAMPLE PROBLEMS
SITUATION 1: An infinite slope has shear strength parameters at the interface of soil and rock
as follows: c = 25KPa, = 1850kg/m3, φ = 200.
a. If H = 15m and ß = 300, find the factor of safety against sliding.
b. Find the normal and shearing stress at the interface.

SITUATION 2: An infinite slope in purely cohesive soil has a saturated unit weight of 20KN/m3
and cohesion of 48KPa. It has a slope of 180. The clay has a depth of 5m over ledge rock.
a. Find the factor of safety against sliding
b. Critical depth of the slope
c. Stability number for the critical height

SITUATION 3: An infinite slope is having the given shear strength parameters at the interface
of soil and rock. Φ = 260, c = 18KPa, ß = 220, H = 8m, ɣ = 18.5KN/m3 and ɣsat = 21.4KN/m3.
a. Find the factor of safety against sliding assuming there is no water pressure.
b. Find the factor of safety against sliding assuming there is seepage through the soil and
the ground water level coincides with the ground surface.
c. If ß = 320, find the critical height. (Assume there is no seepage)

SITUATION 4: An infinite slope of granular soil has a slope of 230. The saturated unit weight of
sand is 21.5KN/m3 and the angle of friction is 350. The sand has a depth of 5m.
a. Compute the factor of safety of the infinite slope without seepage.
b. Compute the factor of safety of the infinite slope sand layer when subjected to partial
seepage parallel to the slope with water at a vertical depth of 3m above the interface.
c. Factor of safety if subjected to full seepage.

SITUATION 5: A cut slope was excavated in saturated clay as shown. The slope made an angle
of 600 with the horizontal. When the slope of failure occurs, BC = 8m. Given the following: m =
0.185, ɣ = 18KN/m3, cu = 20KPa.
a. Determine the stability factor.
b. Critical depth of cut.
c. Angle of failure plane.

SITUATION 6: A 9m high slope is shown. Unit weight of soil is 17KN/m3. Friction angle and
cohesion along the rock surface are 200 and 24KPa, respectively. Angle of failure plane is 150
and the slope made an angle of 300.
a. Cohesive force along the failure plane.
b. Frictional force along the failure plane.
c. Sliding force along the failure plane.
d. Factor of safety against sliding.

SITUATION 7: A cut is to be made in a soil that has ɣ = 17KN/m3, c = 40KPa, and φ = 300. The
side of the slope will make an angle of 300.
a. What depth of the cut slope will have a factor of safety of 3?
b. Find the value of the critical angle along which the maximum developed cohesion occurs

PREPARED BY: Engr. DLL

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