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TVL-ICT Quarter 3 - Module 4 Computer System Servicing Power-On Self Test (POST) BIOS System Configuration Procedures
Name of Learner: ___________________________
Grade & Section: ___________________________ Name of School: ___________________________ TVL-ICT Grade 10 Computer Systems Servicing Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 4: Power-On Self Test (POST) BIOS System Configuration Procedures First Edition, 2020
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2 What I Need to Know In this module, you will learn more about how to access the BIOS setup utility and explain the POST and boot processes. Students will also identify the symptoms of, probable causes of, and potential solutions to problems with the BIOS and POST operationally. Moreover, you will learn how to setting up or configuring BIOS correctly and its configuration values regardless whatever BIOS in the computer system.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
• Access the BIOS setup utility box;
• Configure values in the BIOS setup utility box; • Explain POST /Boot sequence diagram processes; • Identify the error beep codes and its solutions during POST.
Lesson Power On Self Test
(POST) BIOS System 1 Configuration Procedures
What’s In If the POST/BIOS finds anything faulty on the computer, it will stop the booting and the message will be displayed on the screen. Check the boxes which among the choices below are the possible notifications.
1.POST will notify you about the problem by giving a beep or a
combination of beeps. 2.The drive has failed (hardware). 3.Blue screen will appear. 4.The computer will not power on. 5.Invalid system disk. 6.Boot failure. 7.Hard disk error. 8.Missing operating system.
3 9.NT boot loader is processing. 10.Press F1 to continue.
What’s New The Power On Self Test happens each time you turn your computer on. It sounds complicated and that is because it is a kind of sequence upon booting. Your computer does so much when it’s turned on and this is just part of that. The POST is an automated test that is controlled by the BIOS. It happens during the first boot of the computer . The first step of the POST, which is operated by the BIOS, is to verify the BIOS code. After it has completed, the POST then continues to check all the computer hardware. If there are no errors the POST will proceed very quickly. However, if any errors are found, these will be displayed via an error message, or if the video hasn’t been turned on, or if there is some error in it, then the computer will make a number of beeps. These are known as the POST beep codes. The computer may make one or two beeps on startup anyway, however these are normal. It is only when the beep continues and your computer does not start up correctly. Then you may have problems. Consider the sequence of the diagram below.
Figure 1
Power On
Reads First Instruction from
ROM
POST Power OnSelf Test
BOOT UP SEQUENCE Questions:
1. After switching on the computer, where do the CPU reads the
instruction? 2. After completing the POST, what parts of the computer system is activated? 3. If POST is failure, what is the activity response of the computer?
4 What is It
What is BIOS?
As your PC’s most important startup program, BIOS, or
Basic Input/Output System, is the built-in core processor software responsible for booting up your system.Typically, embedded into your computer as a motherboard chip, the BIOS functions as a catalyst for PC functionality action.
The BIOS system is also responsible for managing data flow between your computer’s operating system and any attached devices including a hard drive, keyboard, video adapter, printer, or mouse.
Each time you power your PC on, BIOS runs through a process called Power-On Self Test, or POST, that determines whether your attached devices are operating correctly and are in their proper place.If BIOS detects any problems, an error screen will appear or a series of beep codes will sound, effectively indicating to you that something has gone wrong.
This is how to access the BIOS Setup utility:
1. Turn off the computer and wait five seconds;
2. Turn on the computer, and then immediately press the Esc key repeatedly until the Startup Menu opens; 3. Press F10 to open the BIOS Setup Utility.
5 Basic BIOS/CMOS Utility When you are in the setup, you can change many options. You can change the order of booting, which device do you want the computer to boot to etc. You can decide whether to disable the devices (such as on- board sound or network cards). You can change the date or time and you can also reset the CMOS back to factory settings. The settings in the BIOS Main Tab depend on each manufacturer.
In the advance tab, you
often find information on the IDE configuration, the Floppy Configuration, the Boot Settings configuration. This is a great place to check if your hard drive is being recognized.
Advance Tab
The power tab is self-
explanatory. It just gives you power options that you can change. I would recommend leaving these as they are.
6 Power Tab
The boot tab of the BIOS
setup gives you all the options for when you boot up. You can order the preference in booting. You can choose whether you want to boot from the Floppy Drive, CD drive, or hard drive and in what order. This is probably the most changed setting in the BIOS setup. I would also leave as they are unless you need tospecifically boot from Boot Tab another location.
In this tab, you can
change all the passwords, or assign passwords to the BIOS. This can be a risky thing to do because you could forget your password, but if you do there is a way of fixing it.
Security Tab
The Exit tab is more
completed then you would expect. There are a number of options here. You can exit saving your changes, you can exit discarding changes, you can load optimal defaults and also the fail sage defaults. I wouldn’t recommend going back to these defaults as they will change everything, unless you know whatyou are doing. Exit Tab
7 Error Beep Codes
When a PC is first switched on or reset it, performs a special diagnostic test
called a POST(Power-on Self-Test). To check all components in the PC, the POST program sends out a signal to each device initializing each device’s built-in self test procedure. The POST test is a two stage process:
1. First, it will check all the basic components including among other things the system clock,the processor, RAM, the keyboard controller and the video;
2.After the video has been tested the BIOS will then indicate any errors encountered by displaying either a numeric code or a text message on the screen.
When a device fails the first part of the POST, the BIOS will send a series of beeps from the PC’s speaker (internal) to inform the PC user that there is a problem these beeps are coded allowing the user to diagnose the troublesome component. When the POST has been completed successfully, the PC will make a short beep to let the user know everything is as it should be.
For the sake of discussion we will use three (3) major brands of BIOS chip. 1. AWARD BIOS 2. Phoenix BIOS 3. AMI BIOS
Note: Each type of BIOS chip has its own error code.
Phoenix BIOS beep codes are a series of beeps separated by a pause, for example: beep---beep beep---beep—beep beep would be 1-2-1-2
Indicator Error message Solution
1-1-4-1 Cache error Check cache memory
Check BIOS ROM
1-2-2-3 BIOS ROM Checksum
1-3-1-1 DRAM test rate Check DRAM
1-3-1-3 Keyboard controller test Check keyboard
controller RAM failure Check memory
1-3-4-1 RAM failure data bits of low Check memory
memory bus
1-3-4-3 RAM failure data bits of high
memory bus
1-4-1-1 ROM copyright notice Check ROM
2-1-2-3 Test for unexpected interrupt
9 AWARD BIOS ERROR CODES
Indicator Error message Solution
One long beep Video error Replace video card
and two short beeps
Two short beeps Non-fatal error Reset RAM, Check
other components
Questions:
1. What does the acronym POST stand for?
2. What are the Three Major Brand of BIOS chips? 3. What does BIOS stand for, and what does it do? 4. Identify the following error codes: • 1-2-2-3 • 1-3-4-1 • 2-1-2-3
What’s More Activity 1 Direction: Give the brand name for each BIOS chip and its serial number.
BIOS CHIPS BRAND SERIAL
NUMBERS 1.
10 2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
11 7.
What I Have Learned
Task Sheet
Direction: Rearrange the correct series of activity occurred during the
Boot process.
A.________ The BIOS looks for the system files in floppy disk drive and hard disk. B. _______ The system files and the kernel of the OS load into RAM from hard disk. C. _______ The power supply sends a signal to the components in the system unit. D. _______ The CPU finds the ROM chips that contains BIOS. E. _______ The BIOS performs the POST which checks components (e.g. mouse, keyboard connectors and expansion card) F. _______ The results of the POST are compared with data in the CMOS chip.
What I Can Do Short for Basic Input/Output System, the BIOS (pronounced bye-oss) is a ROM chip found on motherboards that allows you to access and set up your computer system at the most basic level. The BIOS includes instructions on how to load basic computer hardware. It also includes a test referred to as a POST (Power-On Self-Test) that helps verify the computer meets requirements to boot up properly. If the computer does not pass the POST, you hear a combination of beeps indicating what is malfunctioning in the computer.
12 Directions: Answer the following questions below. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the difference between BIOS and CMOS?
2. Can a BIOS chip be upgraded or updated? 3. After switching on the PC, how many stages do BIOS accept?
Assessment
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read each item carefully and determine the correct answer from the choices lettered A,B,C and D. Encircle the letter that corresponds to your correct answer.
1.Short for Basic/Input Output System?
A. POST B. BIOS C. CMOS D. ROM 2. What does the term POST stand for? A. Push On Start Task C. Pray operating System Talk B. Power On Self Test D. Power Operations Startup Tasks 3. This term refers to programs that are stored on ROM chips. A. Firmware B. CMOS C. Virtual machine D. OS 4. About 99 percent of the BIOS business is controlled by two companies.Of thefollowing, which one is not a major BIOS manufacturer? A. Intel B. AMI C. Phoenix Technology D. Award 5. Where is post located? A. System ROM B. CMOS C. Expansion Card D. RAM 6. 1-3-4-1 error codes is RAM failure data bits of low memory bus, which BIOS chip is manifesting such? A. AWARD B. Phoenix C. AMIBIOS D. Intel 7. What function key is to be pressed to open the BIOS Setup Utility? A. F12 B. F10 C. F3 D. F5 8.The computer error displayed a RAM failure, which error codes below
13 indicates? A. 1-1-1-2 B. 1-3-4-1 C. 2-2-3-1 D. 1-4-2-2 9. 9 beeps indicate a bad cache memory. What is the solution for this? A. Replace BIOS C. Replace battery B. Replace Video card D.Replace keyboard 10. How many beeps must be observed indicating that the processor exception interrupted? A. 6 beeps B. 5 beeps C. 4 beeps D. 3 beeps
14 Answer Key
Assessment Answer What I Can Do? Answer
1. B 2. B 3. A. 4.A 5. 1. The computer BIOS setup utility (also known
A as the CMOS setup) is the place where you can 6. B 7. B 8. B 9.B 10. B change a few basic computer hardware settings while the Power On Self Test happens each time you turn your computer on. 2. YES 3. Two stages
WhatsI Have Learned? Answer WhatsMore? Answer
A. – 5 1. Award BIOS #123456789
B. – 6 2. Phoenix BIOS # 123456789 C. – 1 3. Award BIOS # 123456789 D. – 2 4. AmiBIOS # 1234 E. – 3 5. Phoenix # 12345 F.– 4 6. Award BIOS # 123456789 7. AmiBIOS # AA654321
What Is It? Answer
1. Power -On Self Test
2. Award BIOS Phoenix BIOS AMIBIOS 3. Basic Input/Output System 4. 1-2-2-3 BIOS ROM checksum 1-3-4-1 RAM Failure 2-1-2-3 Test for unexpected interrupt Whats New? Answer
1. ROM 2. Boot up Sequence 3. displayed an error message or make a number of beeps
