Nstp1 Content Module 9

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM 1 Page 1 of 12
DECISION MAKING
DECISION MAKING
WELCOME NSTP 1 STUDENTS!
I. INTRODUCTION:
Decision is a choice between two or more options/alternatives. The decisions are

important because they have the power to trigger the process of forming aspiration and
goals into reality. Leadership requires exceptional decision making skills Decision
makers must create clarity out of ambiguity. Decision- makers must evaluate risks and
opportunities and make a commitment to achieve their goals. This module focuses on
the decision making that can be used as a leader.
II. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Recognize the importance of decision making
2. Explain the different kinds of decision applicable in specific situation
3. Demonstrate the person involvement in decision making
DECISION MAKING
III. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES:
Beforeyou proceedto themainlesson,testyourselfin this activity.
 Give at least 5 experiences that you had that needs your decision making and
its results.
1. _
_ _
2. _
3. _
4. _
5.
_
GREAT!!!
You may nowproceedto themainlesson.
IV. LESSON PROPER

LET’S BEGIN!
DECISION MAKING
DECISION MAKING
Decision making is the
process of making choices by
identifying a decision, gathering
information, and assessing
alternative resolutions.
Using a step-by-step
decision- making process can
help you make more deliberate,
thoughtful decisions by organizing
relevant information and defining
alternatives. This approach
increases the chances that you
will choose the most satisfying
alternative possible.
Decision making is important to achieve the organizational goals/objectives within given
time and budget. It searches the best alternative, utilizes the resources properly and
satisfies the employees at the workplace. As a result, organizational goals or objectives
can be achieved as per the desired result.
7 STEPS IN TO EFFECTIVE DECISION MAKING Step 1: Identify the decision

 You realize that you need to make a decision. Try to clearly define the
nature of the decision you must make. This first step is very important.
Step 2: Gather relevant information
 Collect some pertinent information before you make your decision: what
information is needed, the best sources of information, and how to get
it. This step involves both internal and external “work.” Some
information is internal: you’ll seek it through a process of self-
assessment. Other information is external: you’ll find it online, in books,
from other people, and from other sources.
Step 3: Identify the alternatives
 As you collect information, you will probably identify several possible
paths of action, or alternatives. You can also use your imagination and
DECISION MAKING
additional information to construct new alternatives. In this step, you
will list all possible and desirable alternatives.
Step 4: Weigh the evidence
 Draw on your information and emotions to imagine what it would be like
if you carried out each of the alternatives to the end. Evaluate whether
the need identified in Step 1 would be met or resolved through the use
of each alternative. As you go through this difficult internal process,
you’ll begin to favor certain alternatives: those that seem to have a
higher potential for reaching your goal. Finally, place the alternatives in
a priority order, based upon your own value system.
Step 5: Choose among alternatives
 Once you have weighed all the evidence, you are ready to select the
alternative that seems to be best one for you. You may even choose a
combination of alternatives. Your choice in Step 5 may very likely be
the same or similar to the alternative you placed at the top of your list
at the end of Step 4.
Step 6: Take action
 You’re now ready to take some positive action by beginning to
implement the alternative you chose in Step 5.
Step 7: Review your decision & its consequences
 In this final step, consider the results of your decision and evaluate
whether or not it has resolved the need you identified in Step 1. If the
decision has not met the identified need, you may want to repeat
certain steps of the process to make a new decision. For example, you
might want to gather more detailed or somewhat different information
or explore additional alternatives.
KINDS OF DECISION (THOMPSON, J.L. 1997)
A. Operational Decisions
 such as marketing, production, finance, will contribute to its strategic
plan.
B. Strategic Decisions
 is likely concerned with the scope of organization’s activities.
C. Routine Decisions
 the decisions are left to one person, usually the leader
D. Urgent Decisions
 is a decisions intended for some problems that occur rapidly and may
cause serious consequences if not dealt with urgency.
DECISION MAKING
E. Problematic Decisions
 Experts from outside the team may be called to give advice
F. Consultative decision
 consulting other people from outside the organization means inviting
others to serve as consultant.
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM 1
DECISION MAKING
Page 5 of 12
Difficulties in Decision Making

Fear of Consequences
Conflicting loyalties
Interpersonal Conflict
Hidden Agenda
Blundering Methods
Inadequate Leadership
Clash of Interest
Involvement in Decision Making
A. The Plop o The group makes a decision by not making decision

B. The One-Person Decision o This is quickly made, but later when the decider
depends in free or voluntary support from others to implement it.
C. The Handclasp o One person makes a suggestion another says what a
marvelous idea and without further discussion, the matter is decided.
D. The Clique o Is made by a small group who plans beforehand to get their
way.
E. Minority o Not consciously organized as those of clique, but a few powerful
personalities dominate the group.
F. Majority Vote o This is often the most effective way to make decision.
G. Silent Consensus o Unanimous agreement is sometimes assumed, when
some members have not felt free to disagree and have kept silent
H. Consensus
o This is an agreement involving compromise or the combination of various
possibilities after all opinions have been heard.
Page 6 of 12
We had just finished the discussion on Decision Making Let’s move on to the next
level of activity/ies or exercise/s that demonstrates your potential skills/knowledge of what
higher
you have
learned.
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM 1
DECISION MAKING
CONGRATULATIONS!!!
on reaching the end of this module!
You may now proceed to the next module.
Don’t forget to submit all the exercises, activities and portfolio
on .
KEEP UP THE GOOD WORK.
Well Done!!!

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NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM 1 Page 1 of 12

WELCOME NSTP 1 STUDENTS!

Decision is a choice between two or more options/alternatives. The decisions are

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Beforeyou proceedto themainlesson,testyourselfin this activity.

IV. LESSON PROPER

7 STEPS IN TO EFFECTIVE DECISION MAKING Step 1: Identify the decision

KINDS OF DECISION (THOMPSON, J.L. 1997)

Difficulties in Decision Making

Involvement in Decision Making

A. The Plop o The group makes a decision by not making decision

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