Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

Part 1: Reading

Read Section A. True or false? Write T or F.

Albert Bandura is Canadian. He is from a town called Mundare. It is in the state of Alberta in the
north of Canada. He was born on December 4th, 1925. In 1949, Bandura got a degree from the
University of British Columbia. In 1952, he got a PhD from the University of Iowa. In the same year,
he married a teacher at a nursing college. Her name is Virginia. His first daughter, Mary, was born
in 1954. His second daughter, Carol, was born in 1958. He has written many articles about child
psychology. In 1977, he wrote a book about child development. Bandura now works at Stanford
University in the USA.

1. Bandura was born in Canada.

2. Bandura went to two universities.

3. He had three children.

4. He was a psychologist.

5. He lives in Canada.

Marks: 5

Read Section B. Choose the best ending.

Bandura has studied child development all his life. He believes that children learn their behaviour by
observation. In other words, they watch and copy. He wrote about his ideas in Social Learning Theory in
1977. In particular, he thinks that children behave aggressively because they have seen aggression in adults.
Bandura’s ideas changed the direction of psychology, although some other psychologists disagreed with him.
They followed the theory of a much more famous person, Sigmund Freud. He said that children often
behave differently from the way their parents behave. For example, a parent who shouts at his child and hits
him might produce a very quiet and timid child.

The psychologist’s most famous work is called the Bobo Doll experiment. He first conducted the experiment
in 1961. A bobo doll is an inflatable doll about the size of a child. Bandura used 36 boys and the same
number of girls between the ages of three and six years old. Before the experiment, researchers grouped the
children on average aggression level.

The experiment involved three rooms. A researcher brought a child into the first room and then left. An adult
was sitting in one corner of the room. Sometimes it was a man and sometimes a woman. There were toy
building blocks, a hammer and a bobo doll in the adult’s corner. The researcher put the child in the opposite
corner of the room. There were many toys for the child to play with.

1. Bandura’s theory is called ...

a. Learning by observation.

b. Social learning.

c. Watch and copy.

d. Child development.
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

2. Bandura believes that if a parent behaves aggressively, the child will ...

a. become timid.

b. not behave any differently.

c. behave aggressively.

d. hate his or her parent.

3. Aggressive people ...

a. copy other people.

b. are timid.

c. are quiet.

d. shout and hit other people.

4. Bandura used ...

a. 72 children in his experiment.

b. 36 children in his experiment.

c. 39 children in his experiment.

d. 45 children in his experiment.

5. Each experiment involved ...

a. a man, a woman and a child.

b. a man and a woman.

c. a child and a man or a woman.

d. two children.

Marks: 10

Read Section C. Choose the best answer.

For two minutes, the adult played with the building blocks. Then, in some cases, the person attacked the
doll, shouting at it and hitting it with the hammer. In others, the adult continued playing with the building
blocks and ignored the doll. After ten minutes, the researcher returned and escorted the child into the
second room. Although this was filled with many interesting toys, each child was told that they were only
allowed to play with the toys for a short time because they were for other children. The idea behind this
room was that children might resent the rules and so be more inclined to behave aggressively in the final
room, where they were taken next. Here there were toy guns, swords and other weapons, including a
hammer. There were also non-aggressive toys, such as paper and crayons, a ball, dolls, cars, trucks and
plastic animals. Finally, there was a bobo doll. The subject was left alone in this room. The children who
saw aggression against the doll behaved aggressively themselves, often in exactly the same way.
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

1. What did the adults in the first room do?

a. They sometimes attacked the doll.

b. They always attacked the doll.

c. They always ignored the doll.

d. They sometimes hit the blocks.

2. What was the purpose of the second room?

a. To make the children resent the researcher.

b. To cause frustration in the children.

c. To make the child behave aggressively in the room.

d. To interest the child in the toys.

3. What examples of weapons are given in the text?

a. Furry toys.

b. Plastic animals.

c. Cars and trucks.

d. Guns and swords.

4. What is a bobo doll?

a. A toy.

b. A weapon.

c. A child.

d. A person.

5. Who is the subject in the final sentence?

a. Bandura’s experiment.

b. The researcher.

c. The children.

d. The toys.

Marks: 10
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

Part 2: Grammar

A Choose the best way to complete the sentence.

1. ______________________________ have a job in the evenings.

a. Many the students

b. The many students

c. Many of the students

d. Much of the students

2. In my culture, we do not ______________________________.

a. very much celebrate birthdays

b. celebrate very much birthdays

c. celebrate birthdays very much

d. celebrates birthdays very much

3. If you ______________________________ plants, they die.

a. don’t water

b. aren’t water

c. didn’t water

d. haven’t water

4. Who ______________________________ a bicycle at 268 kilometres an hour to set the record?

a. did ride

b. was riding

c. is riding

d. rode

5. ______________________________ the most important people at the festival every year?

a. Who is

b. Who are

c. Who

d. Who will be

Marks: 5
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

B Write one word in each space.

1. __________________ 65 per cent of the participants watch television in their bedroom.

2. I made a hypothesis then I __________________ an experiment.

3. __________________ of the students in my group use the Internet for research.

4. I don’t __________________ that adverts on television are effective.

5. You get the colour orange __________________ you mix red and yellow.

Marks: 10

C Write the correct form of the verb in brackets in the space.

1. When ice is put into water, it __________________. (float)

2. Salt is useful for __________________ food. (preserve)

3. The heart needs salt __________________ correctly. (work)

4. The first real magazine __________________ by a man called George Newnes. (publish)

5. When you are driving, you __________________ the speed limit. (break)

Marks: 10

Part 3: Vocabulary

A Which area of knowledge does each word come from? Tick in the correct column.

Culture Technology Media Sports Health

1. anthropology

2. attacker

3. audience

4. bias

5. carbohydrate

6. cereal

7. ceremony

8. co-ordination

9. costume

10. demographic
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

Culture Technology Media Sports Health

11. diet

12. disease

13. engine

14. exercise

15. festival

16. invention

17. jet

18. machine

19. message

20. nutrient

21. opponent

22. persuade

23. player

24. traditional

25. vehicle

Marks: 10

B Complete each sentence with a word from the box. There are extra words.

concentrate encouraged estimates ingredients leisure literacy mineral powers

1. Advertisements show __________________ of men, women and children most of the time.

2. Different cultures have different __________________.

3. In many countries, the __________________ industry is now a significant part of the economy.

4. In some countries, levels of __________________ of school children are actually falling.

5. It is difficult to __________________ in a noisy room.

6. My family __________________ me to apply for the job.

7. Sugar and salt are important __________________ of junk food.

8. The government __________________ that 15 per cent of young people are unemployed.

9. The __________________ army paraded through the occupied area.

10. There are the __________________ of a Greek town just outside the city.

Marks: 5
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

C Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the sentence.

1. The __________________ of space began in the 1960s. (explore)

2. We should not make __________________ about people from a particular culture. (general)

3. The regular __________________ of television programmes started in Britain in 1936. (transmit)

4. The __________________ moment in air travel happened on December 17th, 1903. (history)

5. It is __________________ to eat too much junk food. (health)

6. The results are __________________ if everybody works hard. (achieve)

7. She had a very serious accident during her __________________. (child)

8. A __________________ of people voted against the proposal. (minor)

9. Advertisers try to __________________ us that their products are the best. (persuasion)

10. It is possible to __________________ all sports into three types. (class)

Marks: 10

Part 4: Writing

A Rewrite each word with the correct spelling.

1. acording __________________

2. deckorate __________________

3. documentry __________________

4. ocassion __________________

5. incidently __________________

6. riject __________________

7. sinificant __________________

8. obeesity __________________

9. exibition __________________

10. varity __________________

Marks: 5
 Progressive Skills 2: Pre-test

B Rewrite the sentences with the same meaning. Begin with the words given.

1. Metal expands if you heat it.

If _________________________________________________________________________

2. People celebrate the event on November 5th every year.

The event _________________________________________________________________________

3. Eighty per cent of the participants use the Internet.

Twenty per cent _________________________________________________________________________

4. Gold was discovered in California in 1848 and many people moved there.

The discovery _________________________________________________________________________

5. In my opinion, children don’t get enough exercise.

I don’t _________________________________________________________________________

Marks: 10

C Dictation

You are going to hear a paragraph three times.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Marks: 10