Problem (1)

Let f ( x ) = 3x 2 + x – 2 , then find the rate of change in f

Answer
f ( x + h) − f ( x)
f ( x ) = 3x 2 + x − 2 and the rate of change of f ( x ) = lim
h→0 h
 f (x + h ) = 3( x + h) + (x+ h ) – 2 = 3 ( x 2 + 2x h + h 2 ) + x + h – 2
2

= 3x² + 6 x h + 3h² + x + h – 2
f ( x + h) − f ( x) 3x² + 6 x h + 3h² + x + h – 2 −3x 2 − x + 2
 f ' ( x ) = lim = lim
h→0 h h →0 h
6 x h + 3h² + h h ( 6 x + 3h + 1)
 f ' ( x ) = lim = lim = lim 6 x + 3h + 1
h→0 h h →0 h h →0

 f ' ( x) = 6 x + 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (2)
Let f ( x ) = x + 1 , then find the rate of change in f .
2

Answer
f ( x + h) − f ( x)
f ( x ) = x 2 + 1 and the rate of change of f ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
 f (x + h ) = ( x + h ) + 1 = x 2 + 2x h + h 2 + 1
2

f ( x + h) − f ( x) x 2 + 2x h + h 2 + 1 − x 2 − 1
 f ' ( x) = lim = lim
h →0 h h →0 h
2x h + h 2
h ( 2x + h )
 f ' ( x ) = lim = lim = lim 2x + h   f ' ( x ) = 2x
h →0 h h →0 h h →0

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (3)
Find the first derivative of each of the following :
dy
( 1) y = 4x 3 Answer = 12 x 3−1 = 12 x 2
dx
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( 2 ) y = x 3 – 7 x 2 + 3x + 9 Answer dy = 3x 2 – 14 x + 3
dx
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3
( 3 ) f ( x ) = 3x + 4 Answer f ' ( x ) =
2 3x + 4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answers of homework – Differentiation -1- Calculus – Revision

 2
(4) f ( x) =
3 x
Answer
-1
2 2 -1 2 1 2 1 2 -1
f ( x) = = x   f ' ( x) = -  ( x) 2 = -  ( x) 2 = ( x) 2
−1 -3 -3
1
3x 2 3 2 3 2 3 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( 5 ) g ( x ) = x ( 3x 2 − 2x ) + 12x
Answer
g ( x ) = 3x − 2x + 12x   g' ( x ) = 9x 2 − 4x + 12
3 2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
−2 5
(6 ) f ( x ) = x 4 − 4x 3 + + 3x
3

x
Answer
3 -1 -2 -5
f ( x ) = x 4 − 4x 3 + 5x −1 + 3x   f ' ( x ) = x 4 − 4  x 3 − 5x -2 + 3
3 -2

4 3
3 - 1 8 -5
 f ' ( x ) = x 4 + x 3 − 5x -2 + 3
4 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(7 ) f ( x ) = ( 4x 2 − 1)(7 x 3 + x )
Answer
f ( x ) = 28 x 5 + 4x 3 − 7 x 3 − x = 28x 5 − 3x 3 − x   f ' ( x ) = 140x 4 − 9x 2 − 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 x 
(8) f ( x) = x  x x − − 3 
 x 
Answer
1
3 −1
f ( x ) = x 2 − x − 3x 2   f ' ( x ) = 2x − 1 − x 2
2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4x 2 − 3x + 2 x
( ) ( )
9 g x =
x
Answer
1
2 2 −1 −3
4x 3x 2 x 1
g ( x) = − + = 4x − 3 + 2x 2   g' ( x ) = 4 − x 2 = 4 −
x x x x3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answers of homework – Differentiation -2- Calculus – Revision

 The derivative of two product or division functions

Problem (1)
Find the first derivative of :

(1) y = ( x 2 − 3x + 1)
5

Answer

y' = 5 ( x 2 − 3x + 1) ( 2x − 3 )
4

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) y = ( 6 x 3 + 3x + 4 )
10

Answer

y' = 10 ( 6 x 3 + 3x + 4 ) (18 x 2 + 3 )
9

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( 3 ) y = (1 − x ) (1 + x )
6 6

Answer
y = ( 1 − x ) ( 1 + x ) = (1 − x )(1 + x )  = (1 − x 2 )    y' = 6 (1 − x 2 ) ( -2x ) = -12x (1 − x 2 )
6 6 6 6 5 5

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) y = 3 ( 2x + 1)
5

Answer
5 2
5 10 3
y = ( 2x + 1)  y' = ( 2x + 1) ( 2 ) = ( 2x + 1)
2
3 3
3 3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x ( x2 + 2 )
(5) f ( x) =
( x − 3 )( 4x − 5 )
Answer

f ( x) =
( x + 2x )
3

 f ' ( x) =
( 4x 2 − 17 x + 15 )( 3x 2 + 2 ) − ( x 3 + 2x ) ( 8x − 17 )
( 4x2 − 17 x + 15 ) ( 4x2 − 17 x + 15 )
2

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(6 ) y = x 2x 2 + 1
Answer
1 -1 1

( 2 2
) dy 1
(
y = x 2x + 1  = x  2 x + 1  4x + (1) 2x + 1 =
2
)2
( 2
)
2
2x 2
+ 2x 2 + 1
dx 2 2x 2 + 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answers of homework – Differentiation -3- Calculus – Revision

 (7 ) f ( x ) = ( x + 3 ) ( 2 x – 1)
4 2

Answer
f ' ( x) = ( x + 3 ) ( 2 )( 2x – 1)( 2 ) + ( 2x – 1) ( 4 )( x + 3 )
4 2 3

f ' ( x ) = 4 ( x + 3 ) ( 2x – 1) + 4 ( 2x – 1) ( x + 3 )
4 2 3

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x2 − 1
(8) y = 3
x +1
Answer
dy ( x + 1) ( 2x ) − ( x − 1)( 3x ) 2x4 + 2x − 3x 4 + 3x 2 2x − x 4 + 3x 2
3 2 2

= = =
( x + 1) ( x + 1) ( x 3 + 1)
2 2 2
dx 3 3

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8
 x2 + 1 
(9) g ( x) =  2 
 x −1
Answer
 x 2 + 1  ( x − 1) 2x − 2x ( x + 1)
7 7
 x2 + 1 
2 2
- 4x
g' ( x ) = 8  2     g' ( x ) = 8   
 x −1 ( x2 − 1)  x − 1  ( x 2 − 1)
2 2 2

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9x
(10 ) y =
5x 2 − 4
Answer
 
9x dy
(
8 5x − 4 − 9x  2


) 10x
 2 5x 2 − 4  8 5x − 4 − 5x 2 − 4
=
2 45x 2

y=  =
5x − 4
2 dx 5x − 4
2
5x 2 − 4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answers of homework – Differentiation -4- Calculus – Revision

 The derivative of trigonometric functions

Problem (1)
dy
Find the first derivative of : y = 2 Sin ( 3x + 4 ) Answer = 6 Cos ( 3x + 4 )
dx
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (2)

Find the first derivative of : y = Sin − 7 Sin x Answer -7Cos x
4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (3)
Find the first derivative of : y = 2Cos x − Tan5x Answer - 2 Sin x − 5 Sec 2 5x
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (4)
Find the first derivative of : y = x Sin x + Cos x + Tan 3 x
Answer
dy 1
= xCos x + Sin x − Sin x + 3Tan 2 x Sec 2 x
dx 2 x
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (4)
g ( x ) = ( 1 + Sin x ) ( 1 − 2 Cos x )
2 3

Answer
g' ( x ) = 3 (1 + sin x ) (1 − 2cos x ) ( 2 sin x ) + 2cos x (1 + sin x )(1 − 2cos x )
2 2 3

g' ( x ) = 6 sin x (1 + sin x ) (1 − 2cos x ) + 2cos (1 + sin x )(1 − 2cos x )

2 2 3

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (5)
2x
y = ( 3x − 2 ) Sin
3

3
Answer
dy 2 2x 2x
 = (3x − 2)  + 3 ( 3 x − 2 )  3 sin
3 2
cos
dx 3 3 3
dy 2 2 2x 2x 
 = ( 3 x − 2 )  ( 3 x − 2 ) Cos + 9 Sin
dx 3 3 3  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (6)
find:
d
dx
( 2x Sin x − x 2Cos x )
Answer
2xcos x + 2 sin x − ( -x sin x + 2x cos x ) = 2xcos x + 2 sin x + x 2 sin x − 2xcos x
2

= ( 2 + x 2 ) sin x
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answers of homework – Differentiation -5- Calculus – Revision

 Problem (7)
g ( x) = 3 + 2Sin x Cos x
Answer
g ( x ) = 3 + 2Sin x Cos x
1 1
g ( x ) = ( 3 + 2 sin x cos x ) 2  g ( x ) = ( 3 + sin 2x ) 2
-1
1 cos 2x
g' ( x ) = ( 3 + sin 2x ) 2 ( 2cos 2x )  g' ( x ) =
2 3 + sin 2x
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (8)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chain rule ( Composite function )

Problem (1)
dy
let y = x 2 − 1 and x = z 3 – 2 , find .
dz
Answer
dy
For y = x 2 − 1  = 2 x − − − ( 1)
dx
dx
And for x = z 3 – 2  = 3z 2 − − − ( 2 )
dz
=  = ( 2x )  ( 3z 2 ) = 6 x z 2
dy dy dx
From ( 1) and ( 2 ) : we get 
dz dx dz

= 6 ( z 3 – 2 ) z 2 = 6 z 5 − 12z 2
dy
And by substitution : x = z 3 – 2 → 
dz

Answers of homework – Differentiation -6- Calculus – Revision

 Problem (2)
dy 1
find: Where y = Z + and Z = 2x + 3
dx Z
Answer
2 ( 2x + 3 ) − 1
2

=  
1 dy -2
y = ( 2x + 3 ) +   =2+
( 2x + 3 ) dx ( 2x + 3 )
2
( 2x + 3 )
2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (3)
1 dy
If y = Z − and Z = ( 3x + 2 )
3
, Then find
Z dx
Answer
1
dy 1 dz
And for Z = ( 3x + 2 )   = 3  3 ( 3x + 2 ) = 9 ( 3x + 2 )
-
y=Z −Z = 1+ 
3 2 2
2
dz 2Z Z dx
dy dy dz 2  1 
 =  = 9 ( 3x + 2 )   1 + 
dx dz dx  2Z Z 
2
 9

9
2 ( 3x + 2 ) 2 + 1
2 ( 3x + 2 ) + 1 
  = 
dy dy
= 9 ( 3x + 2 ) 
2

2
9 5
dx
(
3x + 2 2 )dx 2 3x + 2 2 ( )
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Problem (4)
1 dy
If y = Z + , and Z = x 2 + 25 , find at x = 0
Z dx
Answer
1 1
− dy 1 1
y = Z 2 + Z 2 → = − And Z = x 2 + 25
dz 2 z 2z z
dz dy dy dz  1 1 
 = 2x   =  = 2x  − 
dx dx dz dx 2 Z 2Z Z 
dy x  1 dy 0  1
 =  1 −  ,so when x = 0 , then z = 25 →  = 1 −  = 0
dx Z  Z dx 5  5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answers of homework – Differentiation -7- Calculus – Revision