Pre-Calculus Project (Hyperbola) : This Study Resource Was

Pre-Calculus Project
(Hyperbola)
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Submitted by:
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rs e Eugine Verzon
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Jelcy Solomon
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Radley Santos
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Lawrence Reyes
Hanna Ignacio
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Daniela Villanueva
Carl Balingit
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(2/2/2017)
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This study source was downloaded by 100000818191004 from CourseHero.com on 10-21-2021 03:40:49 GMT -05:00
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HYPERBOLA
A hyperbola is a curve where the distances of any point from:
 a fixed point (the focus), and
 a fixed straight line (the directrix) are always in the same ratio.
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This ratio is called the eccentricity , and for a hyperbola it is always greater than 1.
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The hyperbola is an open curve (has no ends).

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But that isn't the full story! Because a hyperbola is actually two separate curves in mirror image
like this:
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 a directrix and a focus (one on each side)
 an axis of symmetry (that goes through each focus, at right angles to the directrix)
 two vertices (where each curve makes its sharpest turn)
The "asymptotes" (shown on the diagram) are not part of the hyperbola, but show where the
curve would go if continued indefinitely in each of the four directions.
And, strictly speaking, there is also another axis of symmetry that reflects the two separate
curves of the hyperbola.
Conic Section
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You can also get a hyperbola when you slice through a cone.
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The slice must be steeper than that for a parabola, but does not
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have to be parallel to the cone's axis for the hyperbola to be symmetrical.
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So the hyperbola is a conic section (a section of a cone).
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Equation
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By placing a hyperbola on an x-y graph (centered over the x-axis and y-axis), the equation of
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the curve is:
x2a2 − y2b2 = 1
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Also:
One vertex is at (a, 0), and the other is at (−a, 0)
The asymptotes are the straight lines:
 y = (b/a)x
 y = −(b/a)x
And the equation is also similar to the equation of

the ellipse : x2/a2 + y2/b2 = 1, except for a "−"
instead of a "+")
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Eccentricity
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On this diagram:
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 P is a point on the curve,
 F is the focus and

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 N is the point on the directrix so that PN is perpendicular to the directrix.
The ratio PF/PN is the eccentricity of the hyperbola (for a hyperbola the eccentricity is always
greater than 1).
It also has the formula:
e = √(a2+b2)a
Using "a" and "b" from the diagram above.
Latus Rectum
The Latus Rectum is the line through the focus

and parallel to the directrix.
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The length of the Latus Rectum is 2b2/a.
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Real-life Hyperbola problems.
Problem # 1.A yacht is travelling on a course parallel to and 80 kilometers from the straight
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shoring of Palawan. Two transmitting stations are located 180 kilometers apart on the shoreline.
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By timing radio signals from stations, the yacht navigator determines that the yacht is between
the two stations and 60 kilometers closer to station A than station B. Find the distance from yacht
to each station.
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Problem # 2.An explosion is recorded by two microphones that are 10 kilometers apart. The first
microphone receives the sound after 3 seconds before the second microphone. Assuming the
sound ravels at 1.2 kilometers per second, determine the possible locations of the explosion
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relative to the location of the microphones.

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Problem #3. A comet’s path as it approaches the sun can be modeled by one branch of hyperbola
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y2 x2
1.225 - 40,401 = 1, where the sun is at the focus of the path of the hyperbola. Each unit of
the coordinate system is 1 million kilometers. Find the coordinates of the sun and how close does
the comet come to the sun?
Problem # 5. There are two cities, 5 miles apart. Heard an explosion. The city A heard the sound
10 seconds before the city B. Where did the explosion occur? (Assume sound travels at 110 feet
per second.)
Problem # 6. A comet’s path (as it approaches the sun) can be modeled by one branch of the
hyperbola y21096−x241334=1, where the sun is at the focus of that part of the hyperbola. Each unit of
the coordinate system is 1 million miles. (a) Find the coordinates of the sun (assuming it is at the
focus with non-negative coordinates). Round to the nearest hundredth. (b) How close does the
comet come to the sun?
Solution:
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Problem # 7.Two people are standing at point A and B that are two miles apart. The person at
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point B is due west of the person at Point A. They both see a flash of lightening. After a period,
the person standing at point A hears the thunder. Two seconds later, the person standing at point
B hears the thunder. If the lightning strike occurs due north of point A, what is the distance
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between the person at point A and the place where the lightning struck? (Speed of sound = 1,100
ft/sec)
Problem # 8.
Problem # 9. Two radar sites are tracking an airplane that is flying on a hyperbolic path. The
first radar site is located at (0, 0), and shows the airplane to be 200 meters away at a certain
time. The second radar site, located 160 miles east of the first, shows the airplane to be 100
meters away at this same time. Find the coordinates of all possible points where the airplane
could be located. (Find the equation of the hyperbola where the plane could be located).
Solution:
Let’s draw a picture first and remember that the constant difference for a hyperbola is always 2a.
The plane’s path is actually on one branch of the hyperbola; let’s create a horizontal hyperbola, so
we’ll use the equation (x−h)2a2−(y−k)2b2=1:
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Problem # 10.
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Two buildings in a shopping complex are shaped like a branches of the hyperbola
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729x2−1024y2−746496=0 , where x and y are in feet. How far apart are the buildings at their
closest part?
Solution:
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Let’s try this one without drawing it, since we know that the closest points of a hyperbola are where
the vertices are, and the buildings would be 2a feet apart.
By doing a little algebra (adding 746496 to both sides and then dividing all terms by 746496) we see
that the equation in hyperbolic form is x21024−y2729=1. So a = 1024−−−−√ = 32. So the building
are 32 x 2 = 64 feet apart at their closest part.
A2=1024
A=32
B2=729
B=27
C2=a2+b2
=1024+729
=1753
C=41.87
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Pre-Calculus Project

A hyperbola is a curve where the distances of any point from:

 a fixed point (the focus), and

The hyperbola is an open curve (has no ends).

 a directrix and a focus (one on each side)

 two vertices (where each curve makes its sharpest turn)

the curve is:

One vertex is at (a, 0), and the other is at (−a, 0)

The asymptotes are the straight lines:

And the equation is also similar to the equation of

 P is a point on the curve,

 F is the focus and

 N is the point on the directrix so that PN is perpendicular to the directrix.

Using "a" and "b" from the diagram above.

The Latus Rectum is the line through the focus

relative to the location of the microphones.

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