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Early Civilizations in Palawan

The first migrants were what Beyer caked the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen” because they lived in caves.). The Dawnmen resembled Java Man, Peking Man, and other Asian Home sapiens who existed about 250,000 years ago. They did not have any knowledge of agriculture, and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
97 views32 pages

Early Civilizations in Palawan

The first migrants were what Beyer caked the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen” because they lived in caves.). The Dawnmen resembled Java Man, Peking Man, and other Asian Home sapiens who existed about 250,000 years ago. They did not have any knowledge of agriculture, and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the

Uploaded by

Chad Adelantar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Palawan History

The Early Civilizations in Palawan


History defined
• “Pagsasalaysay ng salaysay ng may saysay”
-Ambeth Ocampo

• “Pack of tricks we play on the dead” –Virgil

• Sources of knowledge in History:


1. Material objects and cultures
• Example: artifacts, religion
2. Written materials
• Example: books, telegrams
Origin of Names
Palawan
• Chinese:
▫ Palau-yu
• Spanish:
▫ Paragua
• American:
▫ Palawan
Who are the
Inhabitants of
Palawan?
Malayans?
(Migration
Theory)

Dawnmen?
(Tabon Cave Civilization)
(Dewil Valley, Illi Caves)
First Filipinos
Many historians and scientists believe that the
first inhabitants of the Philippine islands
emerged during the Pleistocene period.
There are two theories on where the
inhabitants (first Filipinos) came from namely:
Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and Jocano’s
“Evolution Theory”.
Noted social scientist Henry Otley Beyer
believes that Filipinos descended from
different groups that came from Southeast
Asia in successive waves of migration.
Each group had a distinct culture, with it’s own
customs and traditions. While Jocano believes
that Asians, including Filipinos are the result of
a lengthy process of evolution and migration.
Migration Theory

The first migrants were what Beyer


caked the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen”
because they lived in caves.). The
Dawnmen resembled Java
Man, Peking Man, and other Asian
Home sapiens who existed about
250,000 years ago. They did not have
any knowledge of agriculture, and
lived by hunting and fishing. It was
precisely in search of food that they
came to the Philippines by way of the
land bridges that connected the
Philippines and Indonesia. Owing
perhaps to their migratory nature,
they eventually left the Philippines for
destinations unknown.
Migration Theory

The second group of migrants was composed of dark-


skinned pygmies called “Aetas’ or “Negritoes”. About
30,000 years ago, they crossed the land bridged from
Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they reached
Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao. They were pygmies
who went around practically naked and were good at
hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears
and small flint stones weapons.

The Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land


bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice
glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level.
This natural events “forced” them to remain in the
country and become its first permanent inhabitants.
Migration Theory

Because of the disappearance of the land


bridges, the third wave of migrants was
necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were
the Indonesians, who came to the islands
in boats. They were more advanced than the
Aetas in that: they had tools made out of
stone and steel, which enabled them to build
sturdier houses: they engaged in farming
and mining, and used materials made of
brass; they wore clothing and other body
ornaments.
Migration Theory
• Last to migrate to the Philippines,
according to Beyer, were Malays. They
were believed to have come from Java,
Sumatra, Borneo, and the Malay
Peninsula more than 2,000 years ago.
Like the Indonesians, they also traveled
in boats.

• The Malays were brown-skinned and of


medium height, with straight black hair
and flat noses. Their technology was said
to be more advanced than that of their
predecessors. They engaged in pottery,
weaving, jewelry making and metal
smelting, and introduced the irrigation
system in rice planting.
CLASSICAL PERIOD

During the same period, trade relations become of


trend and intermarriages among the natives and
foreign traders such as the Chinese, Japanese, Arab,
and the Hindu have also become common. The
mixing of races resulted in a distinct breed of peoples
in Palawan that may be characterized by both
physical stature and feature.
Early Relation with the Indian (Hindu)

• Orang Dampuans or Men of Champa Southern Annam came to the southern


past of the Philippines between 900 and 1200 AD where they established
trading posts in Sulu.
• Men of Banjars from Banjarrmasin, Borneo succeded in putting Sulu under
their influence through diplomatic coup. Sulu developed into an emporium.
• Trade with Siam and Tokin developed in the middle of 14th century in which
they exchanged their porcelain products for Philippine native wares.
Hindus
1. More than 40% of the words
are from Sanskrit words
2. Idea of wearing Barong
Tagalog
3. Superstitious beliefs
4. Veil – Cord in wedding
5. Giving of Garlands
6. Hinduism Features
a) Magic
b) Karma
c) Yoga
d) Reincarnation
Early Relation with the Chinese

• Trade with Chinese started in the 10th century and reached its zenith in
the 14th and 15th centuries.
• Chinese wruter Chao Ju-Kua Sometime in 1209 and 1214, described the
Chines trade with Ma-I (presumably Mindoro) and praised the honesty if
the Filpinos.
Relation with the Indians and the Chinese

• Early Chinese trading junks brought goods and immigrants to the


Philippines
• Under Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), China exercised suzerainty over the
Philippines, and some of the Filipinos paid tribute to China
• Early relationship with other Asian nations
and their influences to Filipinos:
Chinese

1. Business

2. Frugality and Gambling

3. Food, Names and Words

4. Use of Slippers and Umbrellas

5. White Clothes while Mowing (crying ladies)


6. Jars, Porcelain, Gongs, Gold as Jewelries
7. Very-Very Close to Family Ties
(a.) Choosing the Future Partners of the Children;
(b.) Even Courses – What to take
8. Pseudo-Science Techniques
a) Numerology
b) Palmistry
c) Feng shui
Early Relation with the Japanese

• Japanese pirates (wako),


Kingdom builders, and
settlers had come to
Luzon before and
immediately after the
Spanish colonization.
• Japanese traders,
especially from Nagazaki
frequently bartered goods
for Filipino gold, pearls,
and native earthen jars.
• Early relationship with other Asian nations
and their influences to Filipinos:
Japanese

1. Making of jewelry and swords

2. Tanning deer skin

3. Artificial duck and fish breeding

4. Exportation of eggs and dried fish

5. Values (like
Matapat,matiisin,Malikhain)
Early Relation with the Arab

• In 1380, according to the tarsilas (Muslim chronicle), the Arab


missionary-scholar Sharif Makhdoom landed in Sulu and there laid the
foundation of Islam in the Philippines
• In 1390, Raja Baginda, prince of Menankabaw, Sumatra, led an army of
Muslim invaders to Sulu, and overcame native opposition with firearms.
Early Relation with the Arab

• The Arab traders brought their metals and


cloth in the Philippines and traded them
with Philippine products like spices, logs,
and other products.
• Early relationship with other Asian nations
and their influences to Filipinos:
Arabs
1. Islam

2. Sultanate Government (Balangay)

3. Words, Names and Menu

4. Use of Perfumes

5. Wearing Patajong

6. Magical-Heroic Stories

7. Music, Arts and Dances

8. Idea that women should stay in the


house

9. Arabic Number, 1-9


Pre-colonial Culture
• Economic Life
• Houses
• Manner of Dressing and social classes
Government and Laws
• Religion
• Education
• Role of women
• Courtship and marriage
• The coming of the Spaniards to the Philippines

Why?

• To comply with the 3 G’s [ God (religion), Gold


(money), and Glory (fame)]
• The sending of expeditions
• Was there a Colonization and Conversion
into Catholicism right in 1521?

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