1

Gate Problems on Signals and

Systems

5. A deterministic signal has the power spectrum

Abstract—These problems have been selected from
GATE question papers and can be used for conducting
given in the figure is, The minimum sampling
tutorials in courses related to Signal Processing.rate needed to completely represent this signal
1. The trigonometric Fourier series of an even is
function of time does not have the
(A) 1 kHz (C) 3 kHz
(A) dc term (C) sine terms (B) 2 kHz (D) None of the above
(B) cosine terms (D) odd hormonic terms
6. If the Fourier Transform of deterministic signal
g(t) is G( f ),then
2. The Fourier transform of a real valued time
1. The fourier Transform of g(t − 2) is.
signal
(a) G( f )e− j(4π f )
t
(A) odd symmetry 2. The fourier Transform of g( ) is.
2
(b) G(2 f ) (c) 2G(2 f ) (d) G( f − 2)

(B) even symmetry

7. The transfer function of a system is given by
1
H(s) = 2 .The impulse response of the
(C) conjugate symmetry s (s − 2)
system is :( * denotes convolution,and U(t) is
unit step function)
(D) no symmetry
(A) (t2 ∗ e−2t )U(t) (C) (te−2 t)U(t)

3. The function f (t) has the Fourier transform g(w). (B) (t ∗ e2t )U(t) (D) (te−2t )U(t)
The Fourier Transform
1 (C) 2π f (−w) 8. Let δ(t) denote
R +∞ the delta3t function.The value of
(A) f (w)
2π the integral −∞ δ(t)cos( 2 )dt is
1 (D) None of the above
(B) f (−w) π
2π (A) 1 (B) -1 (C) 0 (D)
2
4. The Laplace Transform of eαt cosαtu(t)
9. A band limited signal is sampled at the Nyquist
rate.The signal can be recovered by passing the
(s − α) 1 samples through
(A) (C)
(s − α)2 + α2 (s − α)2
(A) An RC filter
(s + α) (D) None of the above
(B) (B) an envelope detector
(s − α)2 + α2
 2

(C) a PLL 15. A linear phase channel with phase delay T p and
group delay T g must have
(D) an ideal low-pass filter with appripriate
bandwidth (A) T p =T g =Constant

10. The impulse response functions of four linear

systems S 1 ,S 2 ,S 3 and S 4 are given respectively (B) T p ∝ f and T g ∝ f
by
h1 (t) = 1, h2 (t) = u(t),h3 (t) = u(t)t+1
, h4 (t) =
e−3t u(t).Where u(t) is the unit step function. (C) T p =constant and T g ∝ f
Which of these systems is time invariant,causal
and Stable ?
(D) T p ∝ f and T g =constant
(A) S 1 (B) S 2 (C) S 3 (D) S 4

16. A 1 MHz sinusoidal carrier is amplitude

11. The open-loop DC gain of a unity negative modulated by a symmetrical square wave
feedback system with close-loop transfer of period 100 µsec.Which of the following
s+4 frequencies will NOT be present in the
function 2 is
s + 7s + 13 modulated signal ?
4 4 (C) 4 (D) 13
(A) (B)
13 13
(A) 990KHz (C) 1020KHz
12. The Nyquist sampling interval,for the signal
S inc(700t) + S inc(500t) is ( in seconds) (B) 1010KHz (D) 1030KHz
1 π 1 π
(A) (B) (C) (D)
350 350 700 175 17. Consider a sampled signal y(t)=5 ×
+∞
10−6 x(t)
P
δ(t − nT s ) is
13. Which of the following cannot be the Fourier n=−∞

series of a periodic signal ? (A) 5 × 10−6 cos(8π × 103 t)

(A) x(t) = 2cost + 3cos3t (B) 5 × 10−5 cos(8π × 103 t)

(B) x(t) = 2cosπt + 7cost (C) 5 × 10−1 cos(8π × 103 t)

(C) x(t) = cost + 0.5 (D) 10cos(8π × 103 t)

(D) x(t) = 2cos1.5πt + sin3.5πt

18. The Laplace transform of a continuous-time
5− s
−1 signal x(t) is X(s) = 2 .If the Fourier
14. The fourier transform F(e u(t)) is equal to s −s−2
1 1 transform of this signall exists,then x(t) is
.Therefore,F{ } (A) e2t u(t) − 2e−t u(t)
a + j2π f a + j2πt
(B) −e2t u(−t) + 2e−t u(t)
(A) e f u( f ) (C) e f u(− f )
(C) −e2t u(−t) − 2e−t u(t)
(B) e− f u( f ) (D) e− f u(− f )
(D) e2t u(−t) − 2e−t u(t)
 3

2sin2πt
19. In below figure, m(t) = ,s(t) = cos200πt 23. Let x(t) = 2cos(800πt) + cos(1400πt),x(t)
t sampled with the rectangular pulse train shown
sin199πt
and n(t) = .The output is in figure. The only spectral components (in kHz)
t
present in the sampled signal in the frequency
range 2.5 kHz to 3.5 kHz are

sin2πt
(A)
t
sin2πt sin2πt
(B) + cos(3πt)
t t
sin2πt sin0.5πt
(C) + cos(1.5πt)
t t (A) 2.7, 3.4 (C) 2.6, 2.7, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6
sin2πt sinπt
(D) + cos(0.75πt) (B) 3.3, 3.6 (D) 2.7, 3.3
t t
Data for Q.24-25 are given below. Solve the
20. A signal x(t) = 100cos(24π × 103 t) is ideally problems and choose the correct answers.
sampled with a sampling period of 50µsec and The system under consideration is an RC low-
then passed through an ideal low-pass filter with pass filter (RC-LPF) with R=1.0KΩ and C=1.0
cutoff frequency of 15 KHz. Which of the fol- µF
lowing frequencies is/are present at the filter
output ?
24. Let H( f ) denote the frequency response of the
RC-LPF.Let f1 be the highest frequency such that
(A) 12 KHz only (C) 12 KHz and 9 KHz |H( f1 |
0 ≤ | f | ≤ f1 , ≥ 0.95.Then f1 (in HZ) is
H(0)
(B) 8 KHz only (D) 12 KHz and 8 KHz (A) 327.8 (B) 163.9 (C) 52.2 (D) 104.4

21. The Fourier series expansion of a real periodic 25. Let tg ( f ) be the group dealy function of the
signal with fundamental frequency f0 is given given RC-LPF and f2 = 100Hz.Then tg ( f2 ) in
+∞
j2πn f0 t ms,is
P
by g p (t) = cn e is is given that C3 =
n=−∞
3 + j5.Then C−3 is
(A) 0.717 (B) 7.17 (C) 71.7 (D) 4.505
(A) 5 + j3 (C) −5 − j3
26. The Fourier transform of a conjugate symmetric
(B) −3 − j5 (D) 3 − j5
function is always
(A) real
22. Let x(t) be the input to a linear,time-invariant
system. The required output is 4x(t − 2).The (B) conjugate anti-symmetric
transfer function of the system should be
(C) real

(A) 4e j4π f (B) 2e− j8π f (C) 4e− j4π f (D) 2e j8π f (D) conjugate symmetric
 4

27. A 1 kHz sinusoidal signal is ideally sampled 31. The output y(t) of a linear time invariant system
at 1500 samples/sec and the sampled signal is is related to its input x(t) by the following equa-
passed through an ideal low-pass filter with cut- tion. y(t) = 0.5x(t−td +T )+x(t−td )+0.5x(t−td −T ).
off freuency 800 Hz.The output signal has the The filter transfer function H(w) of such a system
frequency ? is given by
(A) (1 + coswT )e− jwtd
(A) 0 Hz (C) 0.5 kHz
(B) (1 + 0.5coswT )e− jwtd
(B) 0.75 kHz (D) 0.25 kHz (C) (1 + coswT )e jwtd

(D) (1 − 0.5coswT )e− jwtd

28. A rectangular pulse train s(t) as shown in fig-
ure,is convolved with the signal cos2 (4π × 103 )t.
32. For a signal x(t) the Fourier transform is
X( f ).Then the inverse Fourier transform of
X(3 f + 2) is given by

1 1 j3πt − j4πt
(A) x( )e 1 1
2 2 (C) x( )e 3
3 3
(A) DC (C) 8 kHz sinusoid (B) 3x(3t)e− j4πt
(D) x(3t + 2)
(B) 12 kHz sinusoid (D) 14 kHz sinusoid
33. (A) The Sequence
29. A causal system having the transfer function  n
1  x( − 1),

 for n even
H(s) = is excited with 10u(t).The time at y(n) =  2
s+2 0,

odd .
which the ouput reaches 99% of its steady state
value is will be

(A) 2.7 sec (C) 2.4 sec

(B) 2.5 sec (D) 2.1 sec

30. The function x(t) is shown in figure. Even

and odd parts of a unit-step function u(t) are
respectively.

1 1 1 1
(A) , x(t) (C) , − x(t)
2 2 2 2 (B) The Fourier transform of y(2n) will be
1 1 1 1
(B) − , x(t) (D) − , − x(t) (A) e−2 jω [cos4ω + 2cos2ω + 2]
2 2 2 2
 5

(B) [cos2ω + 2cosω + 2] ideal lowpass filter with bandwidth 1 kHz.The

output of the lowpass filter would be:
(C) e− jω [cos2ω + 2cosω + 2]
(A) δ(t) (C) 0
(D) e jω [cos2ω + 2cosω + 2]
(B) m(t) (D) m(t)δ(t)
34. Let x(t) ↔ X( jω) be Fourier Transform pair.The
Fourier Transform of the signal x(5t − 3) in 37. The minimum sampling frequency (in
terms of X( jω) is given as samples/sec) required to reconstruct the
following signal from its samples withour
− j3ω distorion.
1 jω
(A) e 5 X( ) x(t) = 5( sin2π1000t
πt
)3 + 7( sin2π1000t
πt
)2
5 5
j3ω
1 jω (A) 2 × 103 (C) 6 × 103
(B) e 5 X( )
5 5
(B) 4 × 103 (D) 8 × 103
1 jω
(C) e− j3ω X( )
5 5
38. A uniformly distributed random variable x with
1 jω 1
(D) e j3ω X( ) probability density function fX (x) = (u(x+5)−
5 5 10
u(x − 5))
Where u(.) is the unit step function is passed
35. The dirac delta function δ(t) is defined as
through a transformation given in the figure
(A)  below.The probability density function of the
1, t=0

 transformed random variable Y would be
δ(t) = 
0, otherwise .


(B) 
∞, t=0


δ(t) = 
0, otherwise .

(A) fY (y) = 15 (u(y + 2.5) − u(y − 2.5))
(C)
(B) fY (y) = 21 (δ(y) − δ(y − 1))

1,

 t=0
δ(t) = 
0,
 otherwise . 1
(C) fY (y) = 41 (δ(y + 2.5) − δ(y − 2.5)) + δ(y)
R +∞ 2
and −∞
δ(t)dt
1
(D) (D) fY (y) = 41 (δ(y + 2.5) − δ(y − 2.5)) + (u(y +
 10
∞, t=0

 2.5)) − u(y − 2.5)
δ(t) = 
0, otherwise .

R +∞ 39. The 3-dB bandwidth of teh low-pass signal
and δ(t)dt
−∞ e−t u(t),where u(t) is the unit step function, is
given by
36. A signal m(t) with bandwidth 500 Hz is first 1
multiplied by a signal g(t) where g(t) = (A) Hz (C) ∞
P∞ k 2π
k=−∞ (−1) δ(t − 0.5 × 10−4 k) q√ (D) 1 Hz
The resulting signal is then passed through an 1
(B) 2 − 1 Hz
2π
 6

40. The unit-step response of a system starting from 44. The impulse response h(t) of a linear time-
rest is given by invariant continuous time system is described
−2t
c(t) = 1 − e f ort ≥ 0 by h(t) = eαt u(t) + eβt u(−t),where u(t) denotes
The transfer function of the system is: the unit step function, and α and β are real
constants.This system is stable if

1 1 (A) α is positive and β is positive

(A) (C)
1 + 2s 2+s
(B) α is negative and β is negative
2 2s
(B) (D)
2+s 1 + 2s (C) α is positive and β is negative

41. A Hilbert transformer is a (D) α is negative and β is positive

(A) non-linear system

45. A linear,time-invariant, causal continuous time
(B) non-causal system system has a rational transfer function with
simple poles at s=-2 and s=-4 , and one simple
(C) time-varying system zero at s=-1. A unit step u(t) is applied at the
input of the system. At steady state, the output
(D) low-pass system has constant value of 1. The impulse response
of this system is

42. The frequency response of linear,time-invariant (A) [e−2t + e−4t ]u(t)

5
system is given by H( f ) = . The step
1 + j10π f
response of the system is (B) [−4e−2t + 12e−4t − e−t ]u(t)

(A) 5(1 − e−5t )u(t) (C) [−4e−2t + 12e−4t ]u(t)

−t
(D) [−0.5e−2t + 1.5e−4t ]u(t)
(B) 5(1 − e 5 )u(t)
1
(C) (1 − e−5t )u(t) 46. The signal x(t) is described by
5 
−t 1, for −1 ≤ t ≤ 1


1 x(t) = 
(D) (1 − e 5 )u(t) 0, otherwise .

5

43. The input and output of a continous time systems

are respectively denoted by x(t) and y(t).Which (A) π, 2π (C) 0, π
of the following descriptions corresponds to a
causal system? (B) 0.5π, 1.5π (D) 2π, 2.5π

(A) y(t) = x(t − 2) + x(t + 4) 47. A function is given by f (t) = sin2 t+cos2t. Which
of the following is true ?
(B) y(t) = (t − 4)x(t + 1) 1
(A) f has frequnecy components at 0 and Hz
(C) y(t) = (t + 4)x(t − 1) 2π
1
(D) y(t) = (t + 5)x(t + 5) (B) f has frequnecy components at 0 and Hz
π
 7

1 1 is true ?
(C) f has frequnecy components at and
2π π
Hz
(A) y(x) is zero for all sampling frequencies ω s
1 1
(D) f has frequnecy components at 0, and
2π 2π (B) y(x) is nonzero for all sampling frequencies
Hz
ωs

48. The Fourier series of a real periodic function has (C) y(x) is nonzero for all sampling frequencies
only ω s > 2, but zero for all ω s < 2
(P) Cosine terms if it is even (D) y(x) is zero for all sampling frequencies
ω s > 2, but nonzero for all ω s < 2
(P) Sine terms if it is even

(P) Cosine terms if it is odd 51. The unit step response of an under-damped
second order system has steady state value of -2.
(P) Sine terms if it is odd.
Which one of the following transfer functions
Which of the above statements are correct ? has these properties ?

(A) P AND S (C) Q AND S −2.24

(A)
s2 + 2.59s + 1.12
(B) P AND R (D) Q AND R
−3.82
(B)
s2 + 1.91s + 1.91
49. Consider a system whose input x and output y
are related −2.24
R +∞ by the equation. (C)
y(t) = −∞ x(t − τ)h(2τ)dτ Where h(t) is shown s2 − 2.59s + 1.12
in the graph. −2.24
(D)
s2 + 2.59s + 1.12

52. The trigonometric Fourier series for the

waveform f (t) shown below contains

Which of the following four properties are

possessed by the system ?
BIBO:Bounded Input gives Bounded Ouput
Causal:The system is Causal.
LP:The system is Lowpass.
LTI:The system is Linear and Time-Invariant.

(A) Causal, LP (C) BIBO, Causal, LTI (A) only cosine terms and zero value for the dc
component
(B) BIBO, LTI (D) LP,LTI
(B) only cosine terms and a positive value for
the dc component
2
50. An LTI system having transfer function s2s+2s+1
+1

and input x(t) = sinx(t) is in steady state.The (C) only cosine terms and a negative value for
output is sampled at a rate of ωw rad/s to obtain the dc component
the final output {y(k)}. Which of the following
 8

(D) only sine terms and a negative for the dc tion does not have the
component (A) dc term

(B) cosine terms

Y(s) s
53. A system with transfer function =
X(s) s+ p (C) sine terms
π
has an output y(t) = cos(2t− for the input signal
π 3 (D) odd harmonic terms
x(t) = pcos(2t − .Then, the system parameter
2
’p’ is√
(A) 3 58. An input x(t) = e−2t u(t) + δ(t − 6) is applied
to an LTI system with impulse response h(t) =
2 u(t).The output is
(B) √
3 (A) [1 − e−2t ]u(t) + u(t + 6)
(C) 1 (B) [1 − e−2t ]u(t) + u(t − 6)
√
3 (C) 0.5[1 − e−2t ]u(t) + u(t + 6)
(D)
2
(D) 0.5[1 − e−2t ]u(t) + u(t − 6)
54. A continous time LTI system is described by
d 2y(t) dy(t) dx(t)
2
+4 + 3y(t) = 2 + 4x(t) 59. The systems with impulse responses h1 (t) and
dt dt dt h2 (t) are connected in cascade. Then the overall
(A) (et − e3t )u(t)
impulse response of the cascaded system is given
(B) (e−t − e−3t )u(t) by
(A) product of h1 (t) and h2 (t)
−t −3t
(C) (e + e )u(t)
(B) sum of h1 (t) and h2 (t)
t 3t
(D) (e + e )u(t)
(C) convolution of h1 (t) and h2 (t)

55. The Nyquist sampling rate for the signal s(t) = (D) Substraction of h2 (t) and h1 (t)
sin(500πt) sin(700πt)
× is given by
πt πt
60. A band-limited signal with a maximum fre-
(A) 400 Hz (C) 1200 Hz quency of 5 kHz is to be sampled. According
to the sampling theorem, the sampling frequency
(B) 600 Hz (D) 1400 Hz
which is not valid is

56. If the unit step response of a network is 1 − e−αt , (A) 5 kHz (C) 15 kHz
then its unit impulse response
(B) 12 kHz (D) 20 kHz
(A) αe−αt

(B) α−1 e−αt 61. Assuming zero initial condition, the response y(t)
of the system given below to a unit step input u(t)
(C) (1 − α−1 )e−αt is
(D) (1 − α)e−αt

57. The trigonometric Fourier series of an even func-

 9

t2
(A) u(t) (C) 2
u(t) in the figure.

(B) tu(t) (D) e−t u(t)

62. A system is described by the differential equation

d2 y
dt2
+ 5 dy
dt
+ 6y(t) = x(t). Let x(t) be a rectangular
pulse given by

1, 0 < t < 2


x(t) = 
0, otherwise .
 A signal g(t) is defined by g(t) = x( t−1
2
). The
average power of g(t) is
dy
Assuming that y(0) = 0 and dt
= 0 at t=0, the
Laplace transform of y(t) is

e−2s e−2s 67. Consider the signal s(t) = m(t)cos(2π fc t) +

(A) (C)
s(s+2)(s+3) (s+2)(s+3) m̂(t)sin(2π fc t) where m̂(t) denotes the Hilbert
1−e−2s 1−e−2s
transform of m(t) and the bandwidth of m(t) is
(B) s(s+2)(s+3)
(D) (s+2)(s+3) very small compared to fc .The signal s(t) is a
(A) high-pass signal
63. The impulse response of a system is h(t) =
tu(t).For an input u(t − 1),the output is (B) low-pass signal
2
(A) t2 u(t) (C) band-pass signal
t×(t−1)
(B) 2
u(t − 1) (D) double sideband suppressed carrier signal
(t−1)2
(C) 2
u(t − 1)
68. A continuous-time sinusoid of frequency 33 Hz
t2 −1 is multiplied with a periodic Dirac impulse train
(D) 2
u(t − 1)
of frequency 46 Hz. The resulting signal is
R +∞ passed through an ideal analog low-pass filter
64. The value of the integral −∞
sinc2(5t)dt is with a cutoff frequency of 23 Hz. The fundamen-
tal frequency (in Hz) of the output is
65. Consider the periodic square
wave in the figure shown. 69. In the system shown in Figure(a), m(t) is a low-
pass signal with bandwidth W Hz. The frequency
response of the band-pass filter H( f ) is shown in
Figure(b). If it is described that the output signal
z(t) = 10x(t), the maximum value of W (in Hz)
should be strictly less than

The ratio of the power in the 7th harmonic to

the power in the 5th harmonic for this waveform
is closest in value to

66. The waveform of a periodic signal x(t) is shown Data for Questions given below.
 10

The impulse response h(t) of a linear time

invariant continuous time system is given by
h(t) = e−2t u(t), where u(t) denotes the unit step
function.

70. The frequency response H(ω) of this system in

terms of angular frequency ω is give by H(ω)

1 1 74. The result of the convolution x(−t) ∗ δ(−t − t0 ) is

(A) (C)
1 + j2ω 2 + jω (A) x(t + t0 ) (C) x(−t + t0 )
sin(ω) jω
(B) (D) (B) x(t − t0 ) (D) x(−t − t0 )
ω 2 + jω

71. The output of this system to the sinusoidal input

x(t) = 2cos(2t) ∀t, is
(A) 0

(B) 2−0.25 cos(2t − 0.125π)

(C) 2−0.5 cos(2t − 0.125π).

(D) 2−0.5 cos(2t − 0.25π)

72. A system described by a linear,constant coeffi-

cient, ordinary, first order differential equation
has an exact solution given by y(t) for t > 0,when
the forcing function is x(t) and the initial condis-
tion is y(0).If one wishes to modify the system
so that the solution becomes −2y(t) for t > 0, we
need to
(A) change the initial condition to −y(0) and the
forcing function to 2x(t)
(B) change the initial condition to 2y(0) and the
forcing function to −x(t)
p
(C) change the initial condition
√ to j 2y(0) and
the forcing function to j x(t)
(D) change the initial condition to −2y(0) and
the forcing function to −2x(t)

73. In the figure,M( f ) is the Fourier transform of

the message signal,m(t) where A=100 Hz and
B=40 Hz. Given v(t) = cos(2π fc t) and w(t) =
cos(2π( fc + A)), where fc > A The cutoff fre-
quencies of the both filters are fc