Grade 8

Activity Sheets
Quarter 2 Week 3
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Relation and Function

Learning Competency: Illustrates a relation and a function. (M8AL-IIc-1)

Concept/Short Input:
An ordered pair is a set of inputs and outputs and represents a

relationship between the two values.

A relation is a set of inputs and outputs or any set of ordered pairs.

Photo credits to: https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/relation-function.html

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
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1
A function is a relation in which each input has only one output. In the

relation, y is a function of x, because for each input x (1, 2, 3, or 0),

there is only one output y. x is not a function of y, because the input y

= 3 has multiple outputs: x = 1 and x = 2. ... \: y is a function of x, x is

a function of y. Each element in domain X must be matched with

EXACTLY one element in range Y. and a function is a relation with one

output for each input.

In verifying the given relation in a function through the ordered

pairs, mapping diagram, table of values, equation, graphically or by

following the steps below:

• Inspect the values of x or input.

• Inspect the values of y or output.

• If all the input values are different, then the relation is a function and

if the input values are repeated, the relation is not a function.

In this figure below it simply shows that all functions are relation
but not all relation is a function.

Photo credits to: https://us.sofatutor.com/mathematics/algebra-

1/functions-and relations

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Example 1. Consider the Identity Document (ID) of four students are shown

in the following table. Illustrate the relation using set of ordered

pairs, mapping diagram, and graph. Does the relation describe a

function?

Student (x) 1 2 3 4
Identity Document (y) 120 100 150 130

• set of ordered pairs

.
W = {(1, 120), (2, 100), (3, 150), (4, 130)}

• mapping diagram shows a one to one relation.

1 120

2 100

3 150

4 130

• graph

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 Hence, the relation of Identity Document (ID) of four students shows a

unique identity thus, it is a function.

Example 2. Given the points of a linear graph shown below, illustrate the

relation by creating the following:

1. a table,

2. mapping diagram and

3. set of ordered pairs.

Solution:

1. Table:

x -2 0 2 4 6
y -10 -5 0 5 10

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 2. Mapping Diagram
x y

-2 -10
0 -5
table,
2 0
4 5
6 10

3. Set of ordered pairs: {(-2,10), (0,5), (2,0), (4,5), (6,10)}

The relation shows a function since all input all the input

values are different.

Activity 1: Directions: Given the points of a linear graph shown below,

illustrate and determine if the relation is a function by creating the

following:

1. a table,

2. mapping diagram and

3. set of ordered pairs.

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 • table

x
y

• mapping diagram
x y

• set of ordered pairs

{( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )}

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

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Reference:

“Purplemath | Home.” 2021. Accessed August 30.

https://www.purplemath.com/.
https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/relation-
and-range-of-rational-functions July 15, 2021
https://www.google.com/search?q=one+to+many+relation+and+funtion
July 15, 2021
“6 Ways to Find the Domain of a Function - WikiHow.” 2021. Accessed
August 30. https://www.wikihow.com/Find-the-Domain-of-a-
Function.
“Relations And Functions (Video Lessons, Examples and Solutions).” 2021.
Accessed August 30. https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/relation-
function.html.

Notes: a) This is exclusively for the use of Digos City Division.

b) The Division welcomes suggestions for the improvement of
this worksheet.
Kindly email to [email protected]

Lecilyn B. Gultiano Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Matti National High School Goma National High School

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

7
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Functions and Relations

Learning Competency: Verifies if a given relation is a function. (M8AL-IIc-2)

Concept/Short Input:
Representing a RELATION:

• A relation is any set of ordered pairs.

• The set of all first coordinates is called the domain of the relation.

• The set of all second coordinates is called the range of the relation.

• It involves the association of an individual or object with another

individual or object.

Representing a FUNCTION:

• It is a relation in which each element of the domain corresponds to

exactly one element of the range.

• In simple terms, it is a special type of relation wherein no two ordered

pairs have the same abscissa.

• In other words, “x is faithful to EXACTLY one y”

• Characteristics of a Function:

1. Each element in domain X must be matched with EXACTLY one

element in range Y.

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 2. Some elements in range Y may not be matched with any element

in domain X.

3. Two or more elements in domain X may be matched with the same

element in range Y.

In verifying the given relation is a function through the ordered pairs,

mapping diagram, table of values, equation, and graph.

Examples 1: Using Ordered Pairs

Real-Life Relationships of Functions

H = {(Ms. Irene, August), (Joseph, March), (Clyle, November), (Tim,

December)}

J = {(Mr. Perilla, St. Benedict), (Mr. Guevara, St. Bertha), (Ms.

Gonzales, St. Barbara),

(Mr. Ulaye, St. Bernard)}

Differentiate a function from a relation…

A special type of relation illustrated by the following sets of ordered

pairs:

A = {(1,2), (3,4), (5,6), (7,8)}

B = {(-8,7), (-2,3), (-4,5)}

C = {(4,3), (5,8), (7,9), (-1,2)}

The following sets are relations but not functions:

D = {(1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5)}

E = {(-8,1), (-8,2), (4, 3), (4, 5)}

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Examples 2: Using Mapping Diagram:

Photo credits: https://www.expii.com/t/when-is-a-relation-a-function-4325

Photo credits to: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ivytech-

collegealgebra/chapter/determine-whether-a-relation-represents-a-
function/

(a) {(p, m), (q, n), (r, n)} relation is a function

(b) {(p, x), (q, y), (r, z)} relation is a function

(c) {(p, x), (q, y), (q, z)} relation is NOT a function

Example 3. Table of Values shows the relationship of the two variables.

x -2 -1 0 1 2
y 6 5 4 3 2

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Examples 4: Equation/ Rule describes the relationship of the two variables.

x+y=4

Example 5: Graph illustrates the relationship of the two variables.

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 Activity 1:

Directions: Write the domain and range of given sets of ordered pairs on the

table. Determine whether each set of ordered pairs is a function or not.

Sets of ordered pairs Domain Range Function or Not

Function

1. {(a, b), (x, n), (r, n)}

2. {(p, x), (a, n), (a, c)}

3. {(a, x), (b, y), (c, z), (d, w)}

4. {(g,1), (h,2), (I,3), (j,4)}

5. {(10, x), (11, y), (11, z), (12, w)}

6. {(-1, a), (-2, y), (-3, z), (-4, w)}

7. {(7, x), (7, y), (6, z), (5, w)}

8. {(4,0), (4,1), (4,2)}

9. {(0, -2), (1,1), (3,7), (2,4),}

10. {(4,3), (5,8), (7,9), (-1,2)}

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Activity 2: Multiple choice: Write the letter of the correct answer on the

space provided.

_____1. Which of the following statements is NOT true about a function?

a. It can be a one-to-one relation.

b. It can be a many-to-one relation.

c. It can be a one-to-many relation.

d. It can be represented as a graph.

_____2. How will you represent the given table in terms of ordered pairs?

x -1 0 1 2 3

y 6 5 4 3 2

a. {(-1, 6), (0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2)}

b. {(6, -1), (5, 0), (4, 1), (3, 2), (2, 3)}

c. {(1, 7), (−3, 1), (2, 4), (2, 3), (4, 0)}

d. {(7, 1), (1, −3), (4, 2), (3, 2), (0, 4)}

_____3. What refers to a special type of relation wherein every element in its

domain is paired to exactly one element in its range?

a. Domain

b. Function

c. Range

d. Relation

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_____4. Which set of ordered pairs represents the given graph?

a. {(-2, 6), (-1, 5), (0, 4), (1, 3), (2, 2)}

b. {(6, -2), (5, -1), (4, 0), (3, 1), (2, 2)}

c. {(-2, 7), (−1, 1), (0, 4), (2, 3), (4, 0)}

d. {(1, 1), (1, −3), (4, 2), (3, 2), (0, 4)}

_____5. What is the set of all second coordinates of ordered pairs?

a. Domain

b. Function

c. Range

d. Relation

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Reference:
https://www.google.com/search?q=one+to+many+relation+and+funtion
July 15, 2021
“6 Ways to Find the Domain of a Function - WikiHow.” 2021. Accessed
August 30. https://www.wikihow.com/Find-the-Domain-of-a-
Function.

Notes: a) This is exclusively for the use of Digos City Division.

b) The Division welcomes suggestions for the improvement of
this worksheet.
Kindly email to [email protected]

Lecilyn B. Gultiano Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Matti National High School Goma National High School

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

15
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Dependent and Independent Variables

Learning Competency: Determines dependent and independent variables.
(M8AL-IIc-3)

Concept/Short Input:
A variable represents a concept or an item whose magnitude can be

represented by a number, which is measured quantitatively. Variables may

vary, they can have a variety of values. Thus, a variable can be considered as

a quantity which assumes a variety of values in a particular problem. Many

items in economics can take on different values. Mathematics usually uses

letters from the end of the alphabet to represent variables.

o The dependent variable is the one that depends on the value of some

other number. Dependent variables are those which are changed by the

independent variables. Another way to put it is the dependent variable

is the output value and the independent variable is the input value. So,

for y=x+3, when you input x=2, the output is y = 5.

o Independent variables are those which do not depend on other

variables. The change is caused by the independent variable. In our

example salary is the independent variable and the amount you spend

is the dependent variable.

• The independent variable is often designated by x.

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 • The dependent variable is often designated by y.

• We say y is a function of x. This means y depends on or is

determined by x.

• Mathematically we write y = f(x). It means that mathematically y

depends on x.

• If we know the value of x, then we can find the value of y.

Examples:
Identify the dependent and independent variables of the following

statements.

1. The number of minutes used and cell phone bill

Dependent variable: cell phone bill

Independent variable: minutes used

2. Your grandmother always has a jar of cookies on her counter.

One day while you are visiting, you eat 5 cookies from the jar.

In the equation below, c is the number of cookies remaining

in the jar and b is the number of cookies in the jar before your

visit.

Dependent variable: the number of cookies remaining in

the jar

Independent variable: the number of cookies in the jar

before you visit

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Activity: Direction: Identify the dependent and independent variables of
the following statements.

1. The number of assignments you turned in and your math grade.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

2. The electric bill in a month and the number of hour electricity consumed.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

3. The hours you work and how much money you earn

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

4. The number of cookies you eat and the total calories you burn

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

5. A scientist studies the impact of withholding affection on rats.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

6. A scientist studies how many days people can eat soup until they get
sick.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

7. A scientist studies the impact of a drug on cancer.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

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8. You are getting on an elevator that is already filled with several people. You

wonder if your weight will put the elevator over the maximum weight limit.

You know that your weight is 132 pounds. In the equation below, p is the

weight of all the people already on the elevator, and t is the total weight

inside the elevator after you get on.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

9. You are going running. For every mile you run, you burn 100 calories. In

the equation below, mmm represents the number of miles you run, and c

represents the number of calories you burn.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

10. You are walking directly away from your house. You are 5 miles away from

your house when you start walking, so you can determine your distance

from your house by adding 5 to the number of miles you have walked. In

the equation below, x represents the number of miles you have walked,

and y represents your distance from home in miles.

Dependent variable: __________________________________________

Independent variable: _________________________________________

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

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Reference:

“Algebra 1 – Mathplanet.” 2021. Accessed August 30.

https://www.mathplanet.com/education/algebra-1.
“Variables, Functions and Equations.” 2021. Accessed August 30.
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/sipa/math/variables.html.
www.khanacademy.org › math › pre-algebra July 15,2021

Notes: a) This is exclusively for the use of Digos City Division.

b) The Division welcomes suggestions for the improvement of
this worksheet.
Kindly email to [email protected]

Lecilyn B. Gultiano Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Matti National High School Goma National High School

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

20
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