IoT Connectivity with LoRa


Developer-perspective technical intro &

stories around LoRa/LoRaWAN in Indonesia

Presented to Maker4Nation Community

at Bukalapak HQ, Jakarta - Oct 3, 2018

 About Me

Andri Yadi

Co-founder & CEO of DycodeX
Microsoft MVP, Azure

a (at) dycodex.com | http://andriyadi.com 



I’m a Physicist, Developer, Maker, Entrepreneur


20 years in so<ware engineering


21 years in electronics engineering

3 years in aeronautical engineering

14 years in entrepreneurship

11 years as Microso< Most Valuable Professional (MVP)

3 years as Hackster.io Ambassador

 m e r s
c l ai
Dis

This talk is not endorsed by Semtech, LoRa

Alliance, or other LoRa-related organizations
 Internet of Things

Things Connectivity People & Processes

3 Dimensions to consider for choosing IoT connectivity

Data Rate

Range

Power
Hint: No connectivity technology that satisfies high data rate, long range, and low power, all in one pack.

Need to compromise
 Data Rate vs Range

Data Rate

High

Low

Range
Short Long
 Data Rate vs Power

Data Rate

High

Low

Power
Low High
 Power vs Range

Power

High

Low Power Long Range LPWA

Low

Range
Short Long
LPWA: Commons

Low Power, Wide Area Networks

Connectivity designed specifically for IoT
Low data throughput = High sensitivity =
Long range
(Relatively) low cost
Multiple Access = One-to-Many
Architecture
Using licensed or unlicensed spectrum
 LPWA: Some Technologies

EC-

-m
Unlicensed Spectrum Licensed Spectrum
 LPWA: Few Selection Factors

Cost
Modules, deployment, operational cost

Usage Model / Licensing

SIGFOX – Required to utilize their public network 

LoRa – Proprietary physical layer but open MAC

Regional Regulatory
Allowed frequency, power, duty cycle, etc

e.g. in Europe, duty-cycle is 1% for end-devices

Upstream/Downstream
SIGFOX – nearly entirely upstream
LoRa/LoRaWAN – has 3 classes supporting different balances 

of upstream & downstream

Hardware & Network Availability

Is it available NOW?
 LoRa: What is it?

Wireless modulation technology, based on

Semtech’s proprietary Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS)
Physical (PHY) layer for long range wireless
communications
Operates in the license-free Industrial Scientific
Medical (ISM) bands all around the world
• Sub-GHz frequency, e.g: 433, 868, 915 MHz, depends on the
country’s regulation
• Regulated power, duty-cycle, and bandwidth. 

E.g: in EU, 1% per sub-band duty-cycle limitation (per hour,
meaning transmission is allowed for 36 sec in each 1 hour)
 LoRa: Some Parameters
LoRa physical layer consists of many parameters which can be
configured into 6720 different settings!

SeRing Values DeSnition ETects

A higher bandwidth is required for transmiRing data at

high rates (1 kHz = 1 kcps). However, increasing this
Bandwidth 125, …, 500 kHz Width of spectrum occupied by chirp
parameter decreases the communication range and
sensitivity.
Number of bits encoded per symbol. A higher spreading factor (SF) increases the
26, …, 212 chips/ Symbol is RF state representing some communication range, radio sensitivity, and the signal-
Spreading Factor
symbol quantity of information. SF12 means 212 to-noise ratio (SNR). However, energy consumption
chips/symbol, 12 bits of data consequently increases.
Propoaion of transmiRed bits that caries Bigger coding rates increase the protection against
1, …, 4

actual data, as opposed to error decoding errors and intecerence bursts at the expense
Coding Rate or

correction bits.
 of longer packets, longer air time, and higher power
4/5, …, 4/8 consumption.
CR1 4/(4+1) = 4/5
Transmission power can be adjusted from
Transmission −4 to 20 dBm, in 1 dB steps. Because of The signal-to-noise ratio is increased by increasing the
−4, …, 20 dBm
Power hardware implementation limits, the transmission power at the cost of energy expenditure.
range is o<en limited to 2 to 20 dBm.
CF represents the central transmission Lower frequency enables to achieve higher
Carrier frequency used in a band, can be communication ranges for the same transmission
137, …, 1020 MHz
Frequency programmed between 137 MHz to 1020 power. However, selected CF needs to comply with
MHz, in steps of 61 Hz. country’s regulation.
 ISM worldwide regulation
LoRa: Frequency Bands 7

Output Power vs Duty Cycle

Countries Frequency band review Max. output power

EU 868 MHz 14 dBm

USA 915 MHz 20 dBm

Korea 900 MHz

14 dBm
Japan 920 MHz
Malaysia 862 to 875 MHz
Philippines 868 MHz
Vietnam 920 to 925 MHz
India 865 to 867 MHz
Singapore 922 MHz 20 dBm
Thailand 920 to 925 MHz
Indonesia 920 922
to 923 MHz *
MHz
ANZ 915 to 928 MHz
Taiwan 920 to 925 MHz

China 470 to 510 MHz 17 dBm

* Not yet legalized

 LoRa: End Device / Node

Matching + 

RF Switch +
Filter Host / Application
Microcontroller

LoRa Chipset

TCXO
LoRa Chipset
 LoRa Chipset: How to Use It?

Unless you’re really good at RF design, I don’t recommend to do this.

 LoRa Modules

So, for the rest of us, we use Modules

Supported frequency range: 433 - 510 MHz,

and 868 - 929.9 MHz
Transmit power: adjustable 5 - 20dBm
(100mW), typical: 14dBm (25mW)
RX Sensitivity: -130 - -140dBM
* I only show what I’ve been using, no endorsement intended
How to transmit data with LoRa?
LoRa Module

Microcontroller LoRa Node #2

LoRa Node #1

Sensor & Power

LoRa Module
Actuator Mgt

Microcontroller

Sensor & Power LoRa Phy

Actuator Mgt LoRa Module

Microcontroller LoRa Node #3

When a node sends, every other nodes (with same
radio “parameters” - SF, BW, CR, etc) will receive

Sensor & Power

LoRa is only physical layer, has no mechanism for
Actuator Mgt
targeted transmission. It’s radio frequency a<er all.
Enter Libraries, e.g: RadioHead
LoRa Module
Wrap ID, From, Destination in packet header -> for addressing

In the packet header example, only node with ID “2” will “receive”,
although every other nodes will receive but choose to ignore.
Microcontroller LoRa Node #2

Sensor & Power

LoRa Module Actuator Mgt

Microcontroller

Sensor & Power Packet Header

Actuator Mgt to 2
LoRa Module
from 1
LoRa Node #1 id 1
lags Microcontroller LoRa Node #3

Sensor & Power

However, what about ACK, retry, joining the network, and most
Actuator Mgt
impoaantly security?
LoRa: Some Programming Libraries for Microcontroller

Arduino LoRa: https://github.com/sandeepmistry/arduino-

LoRa 

An Arduino library for sending and receiving data using LoRa radios.

RadioHead: https://www.airspayce.com/mikem/arduino/
RadioHead/

Packet Radio library for embedded microprocessors, not only for LoRa

ESP32 LoRa Library: https://github.com/Inteform/esp32-lora-

library

C component to be integrated into ESP32-IDF for sending and receiving
data through a LoRa transceiver based on Semtech's SX127_ ICs
LoRaWAN: What is it?

Communications protocol & architecture utilizing

the LoRa physical layer
Open Source and freely available, specified by LoRa
Alliance
Star of Starts Topology. Nodes connect to multiple
gateways
Adds addressing, mobility, and localisation. Also
Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) to improve performance
Built-in multiple levels of security: network or
application level encryption, frame counter, etc
 LoRaWAN End Device / Mote

Commonly has LoRaWAN module; or LoRa chipset

or module with LoRaWAN software run by hosy/
application MCU/MPU
LoRaWAN Module
Communicates with LoRaWAN gateways, never
directly with other motes
MCU/MPU
Has 64 bit globally unique identifier: DevEUI.
Sensor & Power
Actuator Mgt
When joining a network, it receives a 32 bit unique
identifier: DevAddr.
Defined 3 device classes: A, B, and C
 LoRaWAN Device Classes

Class A Class B Class C

Device-initiated communication; Time-synchronized Network-initiated

lowest power communication, deterministic communication; lowest latency
downlink
Devices are typically in deep Extend Class A by keeping the
sleep and send messages on Extend Class A by adding receive windows open unless
intervals and/or events scheduled receive windows for uplink-transmitting
downlink messages from backend
After uplink transmission, device The backend can send downlink
opens two receive windows at Using time-synchronized beacons message at any given time
specified times for downlink transmitted by the gateway, the
messages devices periodically open receive Best for downlink intensive
windows applications that require low
Best fit for most battery- latencies, non battery-powered
powered sensor applications Best for most downlink intensive
applications
 LoRaWAN Modules

WARNING: Not every LoRa modules are LoRaWAN-compliant!

CMWX1ZZABZ iM880

RHF78 Miromico FMLR

* I only show what I’ve been using, no endorsement intended

 LoRaWAN Module: Common Architecture

Module is commonly accessible

via UART intecace using some kind 


of AT command or SLIP

Matching SX127x / Low Power Application

RF Switch
Network Sx126x SPI MCU Microcontroller
UART

LoRaWAN Module

LoRaWAN so<ware stack is baked

inside a low power microcontroller

 LoRa/LoRaWAN Dev Board

To make life easier, just use Dev Board with LoRa/LoRaWAN

Pycom LoPy STM32L0 Discovery kit LoRa Arduino MKR WAN 1300

ESPectro32 LoRa Backpack

ESPect
Adafruit Feather M0 with RFM95 Sodaq ONE DycodeX ESPectro32 + LoRa Backpack

* Again, I only show what I’ve been using, no endorsement intended

 LoRaWAN Network: Common Architecture

On Field On Internet
Source: http://www.frugalprototype.com/technologie-lora-reseau-lorawan/
 LoRaWAN Network: A Sample Architecture

Microsoft Azure

MQTT/

MQTT AMQP

Backhaul
LoRa (Cellular)
End Device LoRaWAN
 Network Server
Bridge
Azure IoT Hub
Gateway (Azure Functions)

Azure IoT Central

LoRaWAN: Some Programming Libraries for Microcontroller

RAK Wireless’ RAK811: https://github.com/RAKWireless/

RAK811_LoRaNode 

Documentation and Arduino library for RAK811 module.

Arduino MKRWAN: https://github.com/arduino-libraries/

MKRWAN 

An Arduino library for sending and receiving data using LoRaWAN
protocol and LoRa® radios, for Arduino MKR 1300 board

Arduino LMIC: https://github.com/mcci-catena/arduino-lmic


IBM LMIC (LoraMAC-in-C) library, modified to run in the Arduino
environment, to work directly with SX1272, SX1276 IC, instead of vendor-
specific LoRaWAN module

Adafruit TinyLoRa Library: https://github.com/adafruit/TinyLoRa


Library for communicating with The Things Network using a Hope RF
RFM95/96/97/98(W) LoRa Transceiver Module
 Gateway?
yes… you need one to use LoRaWAN
LoRaWAN Gateway/Concentrator

Forms the bridge between end devices and

network servers
Communicates with end devices via LoRaWAN
protocol
Communicates with network servers via TCP/IP
protocol
Contains multi-channel LoRa demodulator, able
to decode all LoRa modulation variants on
several frequencies in parallel
Runs a minimal firmware or OS, and the packet
forwarding software
 LoRaWAN Gateways: Off-the-shelf

Some examples of ready to use, entry to

medium-level gateways
8 - 16 concurrent channels
The Things Gateway Gemtek Indoor Pico Gateway
Backhaul connectivity over WiFi, Ethernet,
or Cellular
Configurable over Web-based UI or console
Powered by OpenWRT or other optimized
Linux distros

MatchX DycodeX Outdoor Gateway

* Again, I only show what I’ve been using, no endorsement intended

LoRaWAN Gateways: Configurability via Web UI

Gateway info Editing of global/local_conf.json file

 LoRaWAN Gateways: Configurability via Console

Packet forwarder global configuration: Packet forwarder global configuration:

Valid throughout all networks Contain parameters that are specific to each gateway:
All global parameters for radio channels Gateway details and GPS
As “safe” values for specific parameters set in local conf Network server(s), may be active more than one
LoRaWAN: Frequency Bands
LoRa/LoRaWAN: Back to the Selection Factors

Cost
Modules: <$5 - $18; Gateway: $100 - $5000; No subscription fee

Usage Model / Licensing

Proprietary physical layer but open MAC
LoRaWAN is open standard, reference implementation is open source

Regional Regulatory
Frequency band: 433/470/868/915 MHz; 

Power: 14 - 20 dBm; Duty cycle: 1 - 10%

Upstream/Downstream
Has 3 classes (A, B, & C) supporting different balances of upstream &
downstream

Hardware & Network Availability

YES. Anyone can deploy the network, build & manufacture gateway
and end nodes
 DEMO #1
LoRaWAN with The Things Network (TTN)

& Azure IoT Hub

 LoRaWAN with TTN and Azure IoT Hub

Microsoft Azure

MQTT/

MQTT AMQP

Backhaul
LoRa (Cellular)
End Device LoRaWAN
 Network Server TTN-to-Azure Azure IoT Hub
Gateway Bridge
 Demo: Payload

Microsoft Azure

Payload
Decoder
MQTT/

MQTT AMQP

Backhaul
LoRa (Cellular)
End Device LoRaWAN
 TTN-to-Azure Bridge Azure IoT Hub
Gateway Network Server Azure Function

{ {
“temp”: 23.21, “temp”: 23.21,
9B 09 05 24 4B  9B 09 05 24 4B 
Payload: 1D 65 A3 00 00 1D 65 A3 00 00
“lux”, 31.21,
 “lux”, 31.21,

… …
} }
 TTN Payload Decoder

var bytesToInt = function(bytes) {

var i = 0;
for (var x = 0; x < bytes.length; x++) {
i |= +(bytes[x] << (x * 8));
}
return i;
};

function Decoder(bytes, port) {

// Decode an uplink message from a buffer
// (array) of bytes to an object of fields.
var decoded = {};

var t = bytesToInt(bytes.slice(0, 2)) / 100;

var p = bytesToInt(bytes.slice(2, 4)) / 100;
var h = bytesToInt(bytes.slice(4, 6)) / 100;
var l = bytesToInt(bytes.slice(6, 10)) / 100;

decoded = {
temp: t,
pres: p,
lux: l,
hum: h,
};

return decoded;
}
 TTN to Azure IoT Hub Bridge
https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/integration-azure
'use strict'

const fs = require('fs')
const ttnazureiot = require('.')
const ttn = require('ttn')

// TTN-related settings
const appId = process.env.TTN_APP_ID || 'alora-01'
const processId = process.env.TTN_PROCESS_ID
const accessKey = process.env.TTN_APP_ACCESS_KEY || ‘YOUR_OWN_KEY’
const region = process.env.TTN_REGION || 'eu'

// Azure-related settings
const hubName = process.env.TTN_AZURE_HUBNAME || 'dycodex-iot-lab'
const keyName = process.env.TTN_AZURE_KEYNAME || 'iothubowner'
const key = process.env.TTN_AZURE_KEY || 'YOUR_OWN_KEY'

const mqttCertPath = process.env.TTN_MQTT_CERT || `${__dirname}/mqtt-ca.pem`

const options = { protocol: ‘mqtts', ca: fs.readFileSync(mqttCertPath) }

const bridge = new ttnazureiot.Bridge(region, appId, accessKey, hubName, keyName, key, options)

bridge.on('info', message => { console.log('[INFO]', message) })

bridge.on('error', message => { console.warn('[ERROR]', message) })

bridge.on('warn', message => { console.warn('[WARN]', message) })

 So, why the hassle to “bridge” with Azure IoT Hub?
It’s all about SCALABILITY!

Microsoft Azure

MQTT/

MQTT AMQP

Backhaul
LoRa (Cellular)
End Device LoRaWAN
 Network Server TTN-to-Azure Azure IoT Hub
Gateway Bridge
DycodeX’s Story around
LoRa/LoRaWAN

Disclaimer: upcoming 26 slides may be considered promotional

 About Us
DycodeX’s vision is to solve big problems with technology.
Today, we're pioneering and leading in developing end-to-end
home-grown IoT & AI-based systems in Indonesia, and enable
maker movement along the way.

As seen on

PT. DycodeX Teknologi Nusantara

 Products & Solutions Focus

Home-grown IoT & AI-powered devices & systems

DytraX: Alora 
 Hardware Kits for

NB-IoT/Cellular 
 Industrial Environmental Education, Makers
Asset Tracker Sensing
Custom hardware
design
SMARTernak Magic Button End-to-end IoT
A Panic Button Platform
PowtraX
Electricity metering & development:
reselling system firmware, cloud, AI,

Smarterbike:
 Machinery Health web & mobile app
Smarter bicycle for bike fleet
management (bike sharing)
Sensor

Asset tracking Agriculture Security Energy Industrial IoT Design House

We als o m ake Hardware Kits for Education & IoT Makers

And a lot more….

 OUR ENGINEER

Contribution
Ria Sri Rahayu, 

IoT Hardware Lead

to IoT
Regulation
DycodeX is one of the parties
(representing industry) involved
in field test to support
Indonesia’s IoT tech specs
regulation, supporting Ministry
of ICT (KOMINFO)

* During Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) Network

trial in Bogor city
 We’re IoT Connectivity Agnostic

DytraX: 

NB-IoT/Cellular IoT Tracker
Alora: 

Environmental Sensor

Motor Vibration Sensor


SMARTransport for Predictive Maintenance

PowtraX

Fixed Asset Tracking SMARTernak Magic Button Industrial Power Meter

Asset Tracking Livestock Farming Security Industrial IoT & Energy

 In summary, we use these…

Unlicensed Licensed

Short Range Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) Cellular

 DycodeX’s LoRa Story

The Beginning The Product

The first ever The first product
journey to LoRa using LoRa

Late 
 Jun 

2015 2016

Early 
 Jul-Oct 

2016 2016

The LoRaWAN
Our first ever HAT, Shield,
Arduino Shield Backpack
for LoRaWAN Various LoRa kits
Few early ready-to

-use LoRa Modules 

we’ve explored.
Not yet supporting 

LoRaWAN
Magic Button
From WiFi to LoRa

Jun 2016

Latest version, with touch button and

obviously, LoRa
 Shields, HAT, Backpack, Kit
ady 


es.

ng 

 DycodeX’s LoRa Story

The Beginning The Product The Tracker

The first ever The first product First attempt to
journey to LoRa using LoRa develop LoRa
Asset Tracking

Late 
 Jun 
 Nov 5 


2015 2016 2016

Early 
 Jul-Oct 
 Feb 


2016 2016 2017
The Real
The LoRaWAN Deployment
Our first ever HAT, Shield, Deployed 100+
Arduino Shield Backpack LoRa Asset
for LoRaWAN Various LoRa kits Tracking
1st Attempt
In-house designed & 

assembled
LoRa Module
RHF95
Assembled our 1st full-pledge LoRaWAN Gateway
Deployed 100+ LoRa Asset Tracking

Feb 2017
 Yet another
Rainbowrd, LoRa-enabledin-house
development custom
board designed LoRa/LoRaWAN boards
ESPectro32 LoRa Backpack
Supports iM880A and RHF76
LoRa module

Also supports:
• 2G/3G network
• WiFi
• Bluetooth
• NFC

Rainbowrd - Ultimate ESPectro32 Dev Board + LoRa Backpack

ESPectro32
no Shield Alora v2.2
Connectivity, LoRa included

Supports RAK811 / RAK811-N

LoRa module

LoRa Arduino Shield Alora Sensor Pack Motor Vibration Sensor

 DycodeX’s LoRa Story

The Beginning The Product The Tracker Stuffs 1st LoRa

The first ever The first product First attempt to Many stuffs Conference
journey to LoRa using LoRa develop LoRa in Indonesia
Asset Tracking

Late 
 Jun 
 Nov 5 
 Mid 2017 - 
 Apr 25,


2015 2016 2016 Early 2018 2018

Early 
 Jul-Oct 
 Feb 


2016 2016 2017
The Real
The LoRaWAN Deployment
Our first ever HAT, Shield, Deployed 100+
Arduino Shield Backpack LoRa Asset
for LoRaWAN Various LoRa kits Tracking
The 1st Ever LoRa Conference in Indonesia
 The 1st LoRa Conference organized by…

An Indonesia Platform for Maker: 


to “democratize” knowledge, hardware
kit, and software to help makers to start
making in hardware, to drive into
Internet of Things

Hardware
Learning Marketplace
makestro.com
Software & 
 Community
Cloud
 DycodeX’s LoRa Story

The Beginning The Product The Tracker Stuffs 1st LoRa

The first ever The first product First attempt to Many stuffs Conference
journey to LoRa using LoRa develop LoRa in Indonesia
Asset Tracking

Late 
 Jun 
 Nov 5 
 Mid 2017 - 
 Apr 25,


2015 2016 2016 Early 2018 2018

Early 
 Jul-Oct 
 Feb 


Apr 29,
2016 2016 2017
2018
The Real
The LoRaWAN Deployment
Our first ever HAT, Shield, Deployed 100+ SMARTernak
Arduino Shield Backpack LoRa Asset IoT & AI for
for LoRaWAN Various LoRa kits Tracking Livestock Farming
Internet of Things & Artificial Intelligence-powered 

Cattle-Farm Assistant Platform

* “Ternak” in SMARTernak means “cattle” in Bahasa Indonesia

66
 SMARTernak:-How
SMARTernak 1,000m
It Works
View
DRONE
Provide surveillance and CLOUD
to help herding. where the heavy-lifting
happens.
*In development* BASE STATION
5 km coverage, 1000+
devices.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SENSORS
Collection of sensors to
monitor environmental



*optional*

SMART CAMERA
Monitor cattle’s behaviour,
body heat, to estimate
body weight through image CARETAKER
processing.
 One farmer/caretaker

 can easily cover a
*optional*
vast grazing area and
hundreds of cattle.

VIRTUAL FENCE
Contain and move cattle
without physical posts and TRACKER
wires.
Catte-wearable tracker FARM MANAGER /
contains a bunch of sensors OWNER / INVESTOR

http://smarternak.com by DycodeX
 Ca)le-wearable Device
Dual IoT Connectivity Powerhouse
Short Range: 1 km WiFi, Bluetooth v4.2, BLE
 Low Power, Dual Core Microcontroller
Mesh-supported. High speed
Long Range: LoRa/LoRaWAN or NB-IoT,
 Actuators
for 5-10km coverage area
Audio Alert/Speaker
Color LED

Packed with Sensors Smart Energy

GPS / GNSS Battery Gauge
Accelerometer, Gyroscope Solar Energy Harvesting
Body Temperature
Smart Switching Between 

Ambient Temperature & Humidity Main & Backup Battery
Barometric Pressure
Fast Charging from USB Type-C
Ambient Light
MEMS Microphone Firmware-optimised 

power consumption
Device Removal Detector
Device Internals
In-House
Electronics board is 100% designed and
assembled in-house, by 100% Indonesian

LoRaWAN Module
 LoRaWAN Gateway
Self-build full-fledge gateway,
10m above the ground

SMARTernak real-world deployment, uses LoRa/LoRaWAN

 …and we successfully achieved
real-world 5km coverage!

Farthest Distance from Fram

 DEMO #2
SMARTernak with LoRaWAN
 SMARTernak Architecture with LoRa/LoRAWAN

WebSocket,
MQTT HTTP

Backhaul
LoRa LoRaWAN
 (Cellular, WiFi,
Wearable
 Gateway
Devices
Ethernet)
Network
 SMARTernak
Cloud SMARTernak
Server Web & Mobile
(Application Server) Apps

Microsoft Azure
 SMARTernak Architecture: Data Perspective

SMARTernak Cloud
(Application Server)

MQTT

Backhaul
LoRa LoRaWAN
 (Cellular, WiFi, Application
Wearable
 Gateway Ethernet) Converter
Server
Devices Network

0d 67 01
Server 0d 67 01 {
DWcBMgoCAWs 32 0a 02 “type”: 7,
32 0a 02
01 6b 00 “batt”: 3.89,
01 6b 00 AAAc= 00 07 “temp”: 31.44
00 07
}

11 Bytes 63 Bytes
 {
"applicationID": "1",
"applicationName": "cattle-tracker",
"deviceName": "smarternak_a8610a323XXXXXX",
"devEUI": "a8610a323XXXXXX",
"rxInfo": [{
0d 67 01 66 0a 02 01 88 00 00 07 "mac": “b827ebfffeXXXXXX",
"time": "2018-10-03T05:54:09.584858Z",
"rssi": -75,
"loRaSNR": 9.2,
"name": "pizero-gateway",
"latitude": -6.876573500000001,
"longitude": 107.58426329999999,
"altitude": 0
}],
"txInfo": {
"frequency": 923200000,
"dataRate": {
"modulation": "LORA",
"bandwidth": 125,
"spreadFactor": 7
},
"adr": true,
"codeRate": "4/5"
},
"fCnt": 25,
"fPort": 2,
DWcBZgoCAYgAAAc="
"data": "
}
Base64 encoded

Device Log Network Server Log App Dashboard

LoRa/LoRaWAN in 

Indonesia
 Landscape in Indonesia

 g   
Success stories Talent & Community Infrastructure Regulations Startups & Investments

• No massive LoRa/ • LoRa/LoRaWAN is already • No national-wide or even • LPWA (or IoT in general) • Handful of startups began to
LoRaWAN “live”/ hot topic to discuss and city-wide coverage of regulation is not yet adopt LoRa/LoRaWAN into
commercial deployment explore within community
public LoRaWAN legalised as per today, their products. Some are
yet. Most deployments networks ➔ opportunity!
However, LPWA tech ready to commercialise

• Some national
are still under pilot spec is very close to be
competitions/challenges • There’re interests of infra
project/sandbox
legalised.

feature LoRa as tech of companies to deploy city or

• National utility company choice
• May need to wait for the even national-wide public
did a pilot project with readiness of testing labs LoRaWAN network

• LoRa popularity begin to

1000 LoRaWAN nodes, to be able to perform test
increase within • System Integrators &
not yet go live
on LPWA devices, for
academics, as research & enterprises began to deploy
type approval &
• More/less affected by final project topic use cases in many verticals,
certification
regulation albeit under R&D/piloting or
small scope
 Indonesia’s LPWA Tech Requirements Regulation (DraW)

General End Node Gateway

• Frequency band: 920 - 923 MHz

• Transmission power: ≤ 100mW • Transmission power: ≤ 400mW
or 20 dBm (EIRP) or 26 dBm (EIRP)

• Bandwidth: ≤ 200 KHz

• Gateway should include a filter

• Maximum spurious emission:
with out-of-band rejection
-36 dBm (ETSI 300 220)

bigger than 50 dB at 915 MHz

• Duty cycle:
and 925 MHz
• Downlink: ≤ 10 %

• Uplink: ≤ 1 %

Edited on March 30, 2019

 To comply with GR 82 Concerning Data
LoRaWAN Architecture

LoRa
Backhaul
(Cellular, WiFi,
Ethernet, etc)

End Device LoRaWAN Gateway Network Server Application Server Web & Mobile
Apps

Field Internet

• LoRaWAN End Device only communicates with • LoRaWAN Network Server, Application Server,
LoRaWAN Gateway, never with each other or and other related services are on the internet

any other gateways/base stations

• All those services can be deployed physically
• LoRaWAN Gateway only forwards data on onshore data centres. No data traffic will
between End Device and Network Server.
be offshore.
• Target Network Server can/should be
configurable in the Gateway config
Indonesia’s LoRa “Makers”

Industrials

Startups

SI & Consultants

Professionals

Academics & Hobbyists


(For research & assignments
purpose, or just for fun)

Disclaimer: It’s qualitative data

 Republic of IoT (RIoT) 2017 Hackathon
RIoT is Makestro’s yearly program in collaboration with Indonesia’s Ministry of ICT

The Hackathon featured these hardware kits and used LoRa

as connectivity tech of choice

LoRa Shield
 Some Communities

Indonesia
Indonesia
Maker4Nation

Indonesia

*Disclaimer: I have no data of all players in Indonesia yet. Sorry if you’re not listed.
And I’m talking about electronics maker-related players
Again, there’s the 1st Ever LoRa Conference in Indonesia
I’ve been visiting 20+ cities & campuses to discuss about LoRa
Closing
 Why We Choose LoRa?

Albeit connectivity agnostic, we choose LoRa

for these reasons:
Cost
Low cost, easily accessible modules
Varying alternatives of gateway, either self-build or
carrier-grade
No license or subscription fee

Fits the need

j Depends on use case, low data rate is sufficient for
transmitting our sensors’ data (uplink) and infrequent
control (downlink)
Low power nature, 50mA on TX, allows longer
battery life or smaller battery

Because we can
We can deploy end-to-end LoRa/LoRaWAN-backed
connectivity by ourselves, less dependency
 Start Making at

An Indonesia Platform for Maker: 


to “democratize” knowledge, hardware
kit, and software to help makers to start
making in hardware, to drive into
Internet of Things

Hardware
makestro.com Learning Marketplace

Software & 
 Community

makestroid
Cloud
makestroid
RIoT is Makestro’s program for nurturing IoT
makestroid makers, officially supported by Indonesia’s
Ministry of ICT
 Join

hYps://facebook.com/asioti/

hYp://bit.ly/asioti-tgram

 hYp://bit.ly/MemberASIOTI

Edited on March 30, 2019

Interested in adopting
LoRa/LoRaWAN?
 Keep in touch

[email protected] | https://dycodex.com
Jalan Sarikaso No. 6A, Bandung, Indonesia