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Transport Protein Definition

Proteins are made up of amino acid monomers joined by peptide bonds. Protein synthesis involves transcription of DNA in the nucleus to form RNA, which is then translated outside the nucleus by ribosomes to synthesize amino acids into proteins. Proteins function to build and maintain tissues, provide energy when carbs and fats are lacking, and transport substances like ions, sugars, and proteins across biological membranes using transport proteins embedded in the membrane. Transport proteins create channels for facilitated diffusion down concentration gradients or use active transport powered by the cell to move substances against their gradients.

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Angel Lorbes
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20 views

Transport Protein Definition

Proteins are made up of amino acid monomers joined by peptide bonds. Protein synthesis involves transcription of DNA in the nucleus to form RNA, which is then translated outside the nucleus by ribosomes to synthesize amino acids into proteins. Proteins function to build and maintain tissues, provide energy when carbs and fats are lacking, and transport substances like ions, sugars, and proteins across biological membranes using transport proteins embedded in the membrane. Transport proteins create channels for facilitated diffusion down concentration gradients or use active transport powered by the cell to move substances against their gradients.

Uploaded by

Angel Lorbes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROTEIN & PROTEIN TRANSPORT

 It is made up of amino acid monomers joined together by peptide bonds (amide linkages)
 Peptide bond, it is when 2 or more amino acid will combine or joined together so it will result to
long chain na magiging protein.
 So pano ng aba nagkakaron or nagpoproduce ng protein, so I know all of u or most of you already
know this, it is what we called protein synthesis. so I will not discuss the protein synthesis in details
but lets make a recap about protein synthesis.
o Process involve are transcription and translation
o In transcription it occurs in nucleous copying of the code or DNA
 Initiation – promoter gene in the DNA
 Elongation – copying of the DNA by RNA Polymerase
 Termination – so it will now be RNA or Pre-RNA, it will be the stop signal for copying
RNA if its already too much from copying the DNA

Through Splicesosome will happen, removing the collected RNA that are not useful or
needed

o Translation, happen outside nucleous but inside ribosome


 Synthesizing amino acid into protein inside the ribosome

 I know most of you are familiar in protein, it can be seen sa mga pagkain or food especially sa mga
meat and fish which is the vital source of protein.
 Function of Protein
o Build and maintain tissue
 Protein makes up about 18-20% of our body
 Is a necessary part of every cell (needed to form the structures of muscles, organs,
skin, blood, hair, nails and every other part)
 Your body needs protein to help build and repair muscle, skin, and
other body tissues. Protein also helps fight infection, balance body
fluids, and carry oxygen through your body. When you have a wound
that's healing, think of food as medicine.
(Eg. Type 2 diabetes)

o Provide energy
 Provides the cells with the energy they need to exist
 If carbs and fats are lacking, the body uses proteins as an energy source.

Transport Protein Definition


Transport proteins are proteins that transport substances across biological membranes.
Transport proteins are found within the membrane itself, where they form a channel, or a carrying
mechanism, to allow their substrate to pass from one side to the other.

The substances transported by these proteins can include ions such as sodium and potassium;
sugars such as glucose; proteins and messenger molecules; and many more.

Transport proteins generally perform two types of transport: “facilitated diffusion,” where a
transport protein simply creates an opening for a substance to diffuse down its concentration gradient;
and “active transport,” where the cell expends energy in order to move a substance against its
concentration gradient.

Pressure gradient – theres have a difference in concentration or pressure bought by sodium ion which is
most abundant extracellular.

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