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Test 2 Solutions

The document contains solutions to three questions about induction motors: 1. It calculates the slip, rotor current frequency, and angular velocities of the stator and rotor flux waves for a 460V, 50hp, 4-pole induction motor running at rated speed. 2. It analyzes the equivalent circuit of a 460V, Δ-connected motor, calculating the Thevenin impedance and voltage, induced torque, and possible rotor resistance values. 3. It illustrates that rotor current varies linearly with low slip but approaches a steady value at high slip, explained by the rotor circuit model where the impedance changes dominance from resistance to reactance with increasing slip.

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elvin 2words
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228 views5 pages

Test 2 Solutions

The document contains solutions to three questions about induction motors: 1. It calculates the slip, rotor current frequency, and angular velocities of the stator and rotor flux waves for a 460V, 50hp, 4-pole induction motor running at rated speed. 2. It analyzes the equivalent circuit of a 460V, Δ-connected motor, calculating the Thevenin impedance and voltage, induced torque, and possible rotor resistance values. 3. It illustrates that rotor current varies linearly with low slip but approaches a steady value at high slip, explained by the rotor circuit model where the impedance changes dominance from resistance to reactance with increasing slip.

Uploaded by

elvin 2words
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question 1

The nameplate on a 460-V, 50-hp, 60-Hz, four-pole induction motor indicates that its speed at rated load is
1755 r/min. Assume the motor to be operating at rated load.

a) What is the slip of the rotor?


b) What is the frequency of the rotor currents?
c) What is the angular velocity of the stator-produced air-gap flux wave with respect to the stator?
With respect to the rotor?
d) What is the angular velocity of the rotor-produced air-gap flux wave with respect to the stator?
With respect to the rotor?

Solution 1
a)
120𝑓𝑒 120 × 60
𝑛𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 = = = 1800𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑃 4

𝑛𝑚 = 1755𝑟𝑝𝑚

𝑛𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 − 𝑛𝑚 1800 − 1755


𝑠= = = 2.5%
𝑛𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 1800

b)

𝑓𝑟 = 𝑠𝑓𝑒 = 0.025 (60)𝐻𝑧 = 1.5 𝐻𝑧

c) The stator flux wave rotates at synchronous speed with respect to the stator (1800 rpm)

Therefore in terms of angular velocity:

1800(2𝜋)
𝜔𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 = 188.5𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

It rotates at slip speed ahead of the rotor (1800 - 1755 = 45 rpm)

Therefore in terms of angular velocity:

45(2𝜋)
𝜔𝑠 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 = 4.71 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

1
d) The rotor flux wave is synchronous with that of the stator. Thus it rotates at synchronous speed
with respect to the stator (1800 r/min).

Therefore in terms of angular velocity:

1800(2𝜋)
𝜔𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟_𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑥 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 = 188.5𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

It rotates at slip speed ahead of the rotor (1800 - 1755 = 45 rpm)

Therefore in terms of angular velocity:

45(2𝜋)
𝜔𝑠 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 = 4.71 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

Question 2
A 460 V, four pole, 50 hp, 60 Hz, Δ-connected three phase induction motor develops its full-load induced
torque at 3.8 % slip when operating at 60 Hz and 460 V. The per phase impedances of the motor are: R1 =
0.33 Ω; X1 = 0.42Ω; XM = 30 Ω; X2 = 0.42Ω;
Mechanical, core, and stray losses may be neglected in this problem.
a) Draw the per-phase equivalent circuit for this motor neglecting the RC resistance. [5]
b) Calculate the Thevenin equivalent impedance. [3]
c) Calculate the Thevenin equivalent voltage. [3]
d) Calculate the induced torque in the motor. [4]
e) What are the two possible values of the rotor resistance R2. [4]

Solution 2
a) The equivalent circuit for this motor is:

2
NB: If are asked to sketch the equivalent circuit and you are not given resistance
RC, you can ignore it from the circuit.

b) The Thevenin equivalent impedance of the input circuit is:


𝑗𝑋𝑀 (𝑅1 + 𝑗𝑋1 )
𝑍𝑇𝐻 =
𝑅1 + 𝑗(𝑋1 + 𝑋𝑀 )
(𝑗30𝛺)(0.33𝛺 + 𝑗0.42𝛺)
= = 0.321 + 𝑗0.418 𝛺 = 0.527 ∠ 52.5ᵒ 𝛺
0.33 𝛺 + 𝑗(0.42𝛺 + 30𝛺)

c) The Thevenin equivalent voltage is:


NB: Because the motor is Delta (Δ) connected; line voltage and phase voltage are
equal:
VL = VΦ = 460V
𝑗𝑋𝑀
𝑉𝑇𝐻 = 𝑉
𝑅1 + 𝑗(𝑋1 + 𝑋𝑀 ) ∅
(𝑗30𝛺)(460∠0ᵒ)𝑉
=
0.33 𝛺 + 𝑗(0.42𝛺 + 30𝛺)
(𝑗13800)𝑉
=
0.33 + 𝑗(30.42)
(13800∠90ᵒ)𝑉
=
30.422∠89.38ᵒ
= 453.6∠0.62ᵒ

3
d) If losses are neglected, the induced torque in a motor is equal to its load torque. At
full load, the output power of this motor is 50 hp and its slip is 3.8 %, so the induced
torque is:
𝑛𝑚 = (1 − 0.038)(1800𝑟𝑝𝑚) = 1732𝑟𝑝𝑚
(50 ℎ𝑝)(746 𝑊/ℎ𝑝)
𝜏𝑖𝑛𝑑 = 𝜏𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = = 205.7 𝑁𝑚
2𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
(1732𝑟𝑝𝑚)( 1 𝑟 )( 60 𝑠 )

e) The induced torque is given by the equation:


2
3𝑉𝑇𝐻 𝑅2 /𝑠
𝜏𝑖𝑛𝑑 =
𝜔𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 (𝑅𝑇𝐻 + 𝑅2 ⁄𝑠)2 + (𝑋𝑇𝐻 + 𝑋2 )2

Substituting known values and solving for R2/s yields


3(454 𝑉)2 𝑅2
205.7 𝑁𝑚 = 𝑠
𝑟𝑎𝑑
(188.5 𝑠 ) (0.321 + 𝑅2 ⁄𝑠)2 + (0.418 + 0.42)2
618 348𝑅2
38 774 = 𝑠
(0.321 + 𝑅2 ⁄𝑠)2 + 0.702
𝑅2 2 𝑅2
( ) − 15.31 + 0.805 = 0
𝑠 𝑠

Solving using quadratic formula yields:

𝑅2
= 0.055 𝑂𝑅 15.255
𝑠

Replacing s with 0.038 yields:

𝑅2 = 0.00209 𝛺 𝑂𝑅 0.5797𝛺

Question 3

a) Illustrate on a graph how rotor current, IR, varies in an induction motor’s rotor with respect to the
motor’s slip, s.
b) Use the Rotor Circuit Model to explain your illustration in (a)

4
Solution 3
a)

IR

Slip

b) According to the rotor circuit model shown below, the impedance of the circuit illustrates all the
effects of slip on the rotor current. At low slip RR/s is much larger than XRO. This implies that at
low values of slip the current, IR, varies linearly with the slip. However at very high values of slip
RR/s is negligible as compared to XRO. With this IR approaches a steady value.

IR jX
R0

+ ERO
_ RR/s

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