Activity Proper - Properties of Hydrocarbons

Laboratory Activity
PROPERTIES OF ALKANES, ALKENES, AROMATIC COMPOUNDS AND AN ALCOHOL
I. Objectives:
In this lab activity, hexane will be used to represent the saturated hydrocarbons, cyclohexene
will be used as an unsaturated hydrocarbon, and toluene, the aromatic hydrocarbon. Methanol
will also be examined. You will differentiate hydrocarbon in terms of combustion, solubility,
reaction with bromine and reaction with potassium permanganate.
II. Materials
Write the materials/apparatus and chemicals used in the following experiments. Use the video
experiments as reference.
Combustion
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Solubility
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Reaction with Bromine
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Reaction with Potassium Permanganate
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III. Procedure
Make sure to discuss qualitatively how the experiments were performed. Use the video
experiments as reference.
a. Combustion
b. Solubility
c. Reaction with Bromine
d. Reaction with Potassium Permanganate
IV. Observation and Data

a. COMBUSTION
1. Write your observation in the table
Chemical Chemical Formula Observation during Ignition

Methanol
Hexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
2. Write complete balanced combustion reactions.
Chemical Balanced Combustion Reactions

Methanol
Hexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
b. SOLUBILITY
1. Write your observation in the table
Chemical Observations
Methanol + Water
Hexane + Water
Cyclohexene + Water
Toluene + Water
Hexane + Cyclohexene
Hexane + Toluene
Cyclohexene + Toluene
2. Make a generalization on the solubility of hydrocarbons

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c. REACTION WITH BROMINE

1. Write your observation in the table and give the interpretation of the color change
Interpretation of the Color

Chemical Observation
Change
The color of the liquid alkane There is no reaction between
becomes dark orange because it the alkane and bromine water.
Alkane was mixed with a bromine water Because of the saturated nature
which has an orange color. of alkane, it does not undergo
addition reaction.
After the bromine water was There is a reaction between
dropped there is no change in the alkene and bromine water. The
Alkene
color of the liquid alkene, it stayed alkene decolorizes bromine in a
clear and colorless reaction called addition
reaction. The alkene is saturated
when the bromine attaches to
the molecule because double
bond is broken to attach to
bromine.
2. Draw the structural formula of the product (only if reaction occurs).
Structural Formula of Products

Chemical
Note: If reaction did not take place, write “no reaction only”
NO REACTION ONLY
Alkane
H H H H H
H C C C C C H
Alkene H H H Br Br
Akenes with 5 to 14 carbons are liquid in room temperature.
d. REACTION POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE

1. Write your observation in the table and give the interpretation of the color change
Interpretation of the Color

Chemical Observation
Change
Hexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
2. Draw the structural formula of the product (only if reaction occurs).
Structural Formula of Products

Chemical
Note: If reaction did not take place, write “no reaction only”
Hexane
Cyclohexene
Toluene
V. Conclusions
Write a conclusion regarding the different properties of hydrocarbons.
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Activity Proper - Properties of Hydrocarbons

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Laboratory Activity

PROPERTIES OF ALKANES, ALKENES, AROMATIC COMPOUNDS AND AN ALCOHOL

IV. Observation and Data

Chemical Chemical Formula Observation during Ignition

2. Write complete balanced combustion reactions.

Chemical Balanced Combustion Reactions

2. Make a generalization on the solubility of hydrocarbons

c. REACTION WITH BROMINE

Interpretation of the Color

2. Draw the structural formula of the product (only if reaction occurs).

Structural Formula of Products

Akenes with 5 to 14 carbons are liquid in room temperature.

d. REACTION POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE

Interpretation of the Color

2. Draw the structural formula of the product (only if reaction occurs).

Structural Formula of Products

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