La Salle University

Ozamiz City

College of Teacher Education

BLEPT Review Materials
General Education
Mathematics
DR. EMMA O. SUANA

Directions: Read and answer the following questions by writing only the letter that corresponds to
your answer.

REAL NUMBERS
1. Which of the following is correct?
A B C D
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2
A. A > 6 B. B > 6 C. C > 6 d. D > 6
Answer: D
The symbols < and > are used to indicate which number is greater, and which is less than the other.
When comparing the values of two numbers, you can use a number line to determine which
number is greater. The number on the right is always greater than the number on the left. Since
point D corresponds to 7 which is on the right of 6, D > 6.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. 1/3 >2/7 B. 2/7>1/3 C. 3/7<5/9 D. 3/9<2/5

Answer: B
2 1
7 > 6 6 < 7 so <
7 3
1 2 2 1
3 7 7 3

Remember these rules when comparing fractions:

A. If the fractions have the same numerator, the smaller denominator
is the greater fraction.
B. If the fractions have the same denominator, the larger numerator
is the greater fraction.
C. If the fractions have different numerators and denominators, cross
multiply and then compare the products. The larger product is the
side of the greater fraction.
3. On the number line, which number is 25 units to left of +17?
A. -8 B. +8 C. 42 D. -42
Answer: A
Solution: + 17 – 25 = -8.
Using number line, from +17 you count 25 units going to the left and you will end up at -8.

4. If the following numbers are arranged in order from smallest to the largest, what will be the
correct order? a. 9⁄13 b. 13⁄9 c. 70% d. 1⁄.70
A. abcd B. cbad C. acdb D. bdca
Answer: C
Remember this:
A. Convert all the given into fractions 70% = 70/100 = 7/10
 1
70 10 10
1/.70 = 70 =1 ÷ =1 × =
100 7 7
100
B. Convert all the fractions into similar fractions by getting the LCD
9 13 7 10 ❑
, , , = 8190
13 9 10 7

13 = 13 X 1
9 = 3 X 3 So, the LCM is 13 X 3 X 3 X 2 X 5 X 7 =
10 = 2 x 5
7=7x1
C. Divide the LCD by the denominator and multiply the result by the numerator.
9 13 7 10 5,670+11,830 +5,733+11,700
, , , =
13 9 10 7 8190

8190 ÷ 13 = 630 X 9 = 5670

8190 ÷ 9 = 910 X 13 = 11, 830
8190 ÷ 10 = 819 x 7 = 5,733
8190 ÷ 7 = 1,170 x 10 = 11,700

D. Arrange the fractions starting from the smallest numerator

5670 5733 11700 11830
, , ,
8190 8190 8190 8190
So, the answer is acdb

Or Remember this:
A. Change all into decimals by dividing the numerator by the denominator.
9/13 = 0.6923
13/9 = 1.4444
70% = 0.70 Note: Move the decimal point two places to the left and remove the % symbol.
1/.70 = 1.4286
B. Arrange the decimal numbers from smallest to largest by comparing each digit from left to
right.
0.6923 1.4444 0.70 1.4286
So, 0.6923 0.70 1.4286 1.4444
a c d b

5. Which of the following when 5 1/2 % is expressed as a fraction in lowest terms?

A . 15/200 B. 11/200 C. 15/2 D. 55/1000
Answer: B
To change percent to fraction, put the percent over 100 and drop the % sign and then reduce the
fraction to simplest form.
11
11 11 1 11
5 ½% = 11/2 % = 2 = ÷100 = x =
2 2 100 200
100

6. If x2 is odd, which of these statements is true? l. x is odd ll. x2 is odd lll. x2 + 1 is odd
A. ll only B. l and ll only C. l only D. l and lll only
Answer: C
Suppose x is even so x=2y for some integer y. then x 2 = 2y(2y) = (4 y 2 ) = 2(2 y 2 )
which is even. Therefore, if x 2 is even, then x is even, so by contraposition, if x 2 is
odd, then x is odd.

7. If x is an integer, which of the following must also be an integer? I. 8x II.x/8 III. x – 8

A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I & III
Answer: D
The best strategy is plugging values. Take an odd integer say 5. Put/ replace x
with the chosen arbitrary value.

I. 8(5) = 40, 40 is an integer

II. 5/8 is not an integer

III. 5-8= -3, -3 is an integer

8. If abc > 0, where a, b, and c are real numbers, which of the following statements is true?
A. a, b, and c are positive. C. a is positive, b is negative, c is positive.
B. a and b are positive, c is negative. D. a, b, and c are all negative.
Answer: A
a b c
Note: (+)(+)(+) = +, + number is always greater than zero
(+)(+)(-) = - <0
(+) (-)(+} = - <0
(-) (-)(-) = - <0

9. Which of the following must be odd?

A. The product of two even numbers. C. The sum of two odd numbers.
B. The product of an odd and an even number. D. The sum of an odd and an even.
Answer: D
The best strategy is plugging values. Choose an arbitrary value and
follow the statement

given in each option.

A. say (2)(4) = 8. 8 is even.

B. say (3) (8) = 24. 24 is even.

C. say 3 + 5 = 8. 8 is even.

D. say 5 + 4 = 9. 9 is odd.

10. If P is a positive integer in the equation 12p=q, then q must be a

A. positive even integer C. positive odd integer
B. negative even integer D. negative odd integer
Answer: A
The best strategy is plugging values. Choose an arbitrary value and
follow the statement

given in each option.

 12(+3) = +36. 36 is a positive even integer

12 (+6) = + 72. The answer is positive even integer.

11. Which of the following has the largest value?

A. 75 B. 39 C. 64 D. 93
Answer: B
75 = 7x7x7x7x7 = 16,807
9
3 = 3x3x3x3x3x3x3x3x3 = 19,683
4
6 = 1,296
3
9 = 9x9x9 = 729
12. In writing numbers in decimal form, the decimal point
A. Separates the integer from the decimal fraction.
B. Indicates the position of the hundreds place.
C. Indicates the position of the tens place.
D. Is essentially a placeholder.
Answer: A

13. Which of the following is a product of 13 and an integer?

A. 1314 B. 1326 C.1323 D.131
Answer: B
Just divide the number in the given options by 13. If the answer is an integer, then the number
you use is the answer.
1314 ÷ 13 = 101.08. The answer is not an integer but a decimal
1326 ÷ 13 = 102. 102 is an integer, so this is the answer.

14. The fraction halfway between 3/7 and 4/7 is

A. 1/4 B. 1/2 C. 1/8 D. 1/3
Answer: B
 1 1 1 1 6,12,3,8
4
,
2
, 8
, 3
= 24

6 12 3 8 3 4 42, 84,21,56,72,96
, , , , , =
24 24 24 24 7 7 168

12 1 3 4
So, = is between and
24 2 7 7

15. Which of these has a value different from the other three?
A. 15% B. 3/20 C. 0.15 D. 12/75
Answer: D
Convert all into decimals
15% = 0.15
3/20 = 0.15
Since the first three are the same, so the answer is D.

16. If the counting numbers 1 to 30 are written down, how many times does the digit 2 appear?
A. 11 B. 14 C. 12 D. 13
Answer: D
2, 12, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,

17. What number must be subtracted from both numerator and denominator of the fraction 11/23
to
give a fraction whose value is 2/5?
A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 5
ANSWER: B

Let x be the number to be subtracted from both numerator and denominator

11−x 2
23−x = 5 , cross multiply or apply principle of proportion
5(11-x) = 2(23-x), by applying distributive property of multiplication over addition
55 - 5x = 46 – 2x, combine like terms using transposition technique
55 – 46 = 5x – 2x,
9 = 3x, divide both sides by 3 to get x
9 3x
3 = 3
X =3

18. Among the given decimals, which is equivalent to 9%?

A. 9.0 B. 0.009 C. 0.09 D. 0.9
ANSWER: C

To convert percent to decimal, move the decimal point two places to the left and drop the % sign,
19. Which common fraction is equivalent to 6.125?
61 57 1 6
A. B. C. 6 D.
8 8 8 125
ANSWER: C
To change decimal number to fraction, divide the decimal part by powers of 10. Since the decimal
part has three decimal places, divide it by 103 = 1,000.

125
So, 6.125 = 6 , reduce the fraction to simplest form or lowest term
1000

125 ÷ 125 1
6 = 6
1000 ÷ 125 8

20.Which fractions have the least common denominator?

A. 1/4, 2/5, 5/45 B. 3/5, 1/16, 2/18 C. 1/16, 3/4, 5/8 D. 1/2, 3/9, 2/10
ANSWER: C
Convert each set of fractions into similar fractions by getting the Least Common
enominator(LCD).
A. Denominators are 4, 5 and 45. Factor each using prime numbers (prime factorization)
4 = 2x2
5 = 5x1 So, the LCM = 2x2x5x3x3 = 180
45 = 3x3x5
B. Denominators are 5, 16 and 18.
5 = 5x1
16 = 2x2x2x2 = 24 So, the LCM = 5x 24 x 32 = 5x16x9= 720
18 = 2x3x3 = 2x 32
C. Denominators are 16, 4 and 8.
16 = 2x2x2x2 = 24
4 = 2x2 = 22 So, the LCM is 24 = 16.
8 = 2x2x2 = 23
D. Denominators are 2, 9 and 10.
2 = 2x1
9 = 3x3 = 32 So, the LCM is 2x 32 x5=90
10 = 2x5

21. Which of these statements is always TRUE?

A. The sum of 3 consecutive pages of a book is always odd.
B. The sum of two square numbers CANNOT be odd.
C. The sum of the page number of two consecutive pages of a book is even.
D. The sum of 5 consecutive numbers is always divisible by 5.
ANSWER: D
The best strategy is plugging values.
A. Take any three consecutive numbers such as: 4 + 5 + 6 = 15; 1 + 2 + 3 = 6. Not always odd
B. Say 1 + 4 = 5. 5 is an odd number
C. Say 1 + 2 = 3; 3 + 4 = 7. 3 and 7 are odd.
D. Say 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15; 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 = 60. 15 and 60 are divisible by 5.
PRIME & COMPOSITE
22. How many composite numbers from 1 to 100?
A. 25 B. 73 C. 74 D. 20
ANSWER: C
A composite number is number with more factors other then 1 and itself.
A prime number is a number whose only factors are 1 and itself.
1 is neither prime nor composite.
Composite numbers are 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33,
34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64,
65,66,
68 ,69,70, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98,
99,
100
Prime numbers are 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79, 83, 89, 97
Note: 2 is the only even number that is prime.

23. Which of the following is a prime number?

A. 21311 B. 20502 C. 30111 D. 23037
ANSWER: A
By inspection, B is even and divisible by 2, so it is not prime
C. 30111 is divisible by 3 beacuse the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. 3 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 6 and
6 is divisible by 3.
D. 23037 is divisible by 7
23037 delete the last digit, then subtract twice the deleted digit from the remaining digits
2303
- 14 --- 7 x2
2289 ---delete 9 and subtract twice of 9 from the remaining digits

228
- 18
210 is divisible by 7, so 23037 is divisible by 7. 23037 ÷ 7 = 3,291.

24. What are the prime factors of 273?

A. 2X3X13 B. 3X3X6X9 C. 3X7X13 D. 3X3X7X7
ANSWER: C
3x7x13 = 273

25. Which of the following is the prime factorization of 56?

A. 23X7 B. 23X33 C. 22X7 D. 22X72
ANSWER: A.
23X7 = 2x2x2x7 = 8x7 = 56.

26. The largest prime number less than 200 is

A. 179 B. 189 C. 199 D . 169

ANSWER: C
PLACE VALUE
27. The value of the underlined digit in 2,503,741 is
A. 5 B. 500 C. 1,000 D. 500,000
ANSWER: D
5 is in the hundred thousands place, so its value is 5 X100, 000 = 500, 000.

28. The place value of the underlined digit in 7.125 is

A. tens B. hundreds C. hundredths D. thousandths
ANSWER: C
7. 125

29. When 98 thousandths is written in decimal form, it is

A. 9.8 B. 0.0098 C. 0.098 D. 0.98
ANSWER: C

30. How much would 215 boxes of paper clips cost if each box costs P6.75? Round off your answer to
the nearest tenths?
A. P1,250.75 B. P1,451.30 C. P1,451.25 D. P1,455.75
ANSWER: B
215 x 6.75 = 1,451.25; when rounded off to the nearest tenths, drop the digit 5 in the
hundredths place and add 1 to the preceding digit and replace the
dropped digit(s) with 0. So, it becomes 1,451.30

31. Mr. Perez earned Php 27, 495 from mango plantation. He also earned Php 352, 168 from his
poultry
farm. How much did he earn in all if each earning will be rounded off to the nearest thousands?
A. Php 380,063 B. Php 380,000 C. Php 379,663 D. Php 379,000
ANSWER: D
27, 495 when rounded off to the nearest thousands, it becomes 27,000.
352,168 when rounded off to the nearest thousands, it becomes 352,000.
352,000 + 27,000 = 379,000.

FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS
32. 3 x 4 + 9 ÷ 3 – 8 ÷ 4 =
A. 13 B. 14 C. 15 D. 24
ANSWER: A
Remember the MY DEAR AUNT SALLY OR MY DREAMS ARE SIMPLE (MDAS RULE) if there is
no grouping symbol used and radical or exponential expression involved.
If there is any, remember the PARENTHESIS, EXPONENTS/RADICALS, MULTIPLY & DIVIDE,
ADD & SUBTRACT FROM LEFT TO RIGHT (PEMDAS) rule.
3 x 4 + 9 ÷ 3 – 8 ÷ 4 = 12 + 3 – 2 = 15 – 2 = 13

33. (4)(-6)+ (12x3) =

A. 10 B. 12 C. 14 D. 16
ANSWER: B
(-)(-) = + or Two like signs will yield a + product.
 (+)(-) = - or two unlike signs will yield a – product.
(4)(-6) = -24
(12)(3)= 36
-24 + 36 = 12 Note: To add unlike signs, subtract the absolute values and copy the sign of the
bigger absolute.

34. (-24) ÷ (-6) =

A .2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
.

ANSWER: C

35. 81÷ (-9) =?

A. 0 B. 9 C. -9 D. 74

ANSWER: C

36. 1⁄2 + 5⁄8 +1 ⁄4 =

A. 1 1 ⁄8 B. 1 2⁄8 C.1 3⁄8 D.1 1⁄2
ANSWER: C
To add like fractions (same denominators), add the numerators and copy the common
denominator, then reduce the resulting fraction to lowest term.
To add fractions with different denominators, convert them first into similar fractions by
getting
the LCM of the denominators. After doing this, follow the rules in adding like fractions.
1 5 1 4+5+ 2 11 3
+ + = = = 1
2 8 4 8 8 8

37. 7 ½ + 2 ⅓ + 3 3/8 + 4 ¾ =?
A. 17 23/24 B. 16 23/24 C. 16 9/17 D. 17 2/3
ANSWER: A
To add mixed numbers, add the whole numbers and add the fractions separately.
7 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 16

1 1 3 3 12+8+ 9+18 47 23
+ + + = = = 1
2 3 8 4 24 24 24

23 23
So, 16 + 1 24 = 17 24 .

38. 13 7/12- 2 1/3=

A. 11 ¼ B. 12 2/3 C. 11 ¾ D. 11½
ANSWER: A
Same rules to follow as in addition
13 -2 = 11

7 1 7−4 3 1
12
- 3
= 12
= 12 = 4

39. 44 ½ -3 ¾ =?
A. 40 ¼ B. 40 1/2 C. 40 ¾ D. 40 2/4
ANSWER: C

Since ½ is less than 3/4 , we need to borrow 1 from 44, it become 43 + 1 ½ or 43 + 3/2.
43 – 3 = 40

3 3 6−3 3 3
- = = . So, the answer is 40
2 4 4 4 4

40. 7 ½ x 1 2/3 =
A. 12 2/5 B. 12 ½ C. 12 1/3 D. 12 1/3 4

ANSWER: B
To multiply mixed numbers, first convert the mixed numbers into improper fractions.
Multiply numerators and denominators, then convert the resulting product to mixed form and
be sure that the fractional part is reduced to lowest term.
7 ½ x 1 2/3 = 15/2 x 5/3. Note: Multiply denominator by the whole number part and add the

5 result to the numerator divided by the denominator.

15 5 75 3 1
x = = 12 = 12
2 3 6 6 2
1
Note: Change the improper fraction to mixed form by simply dividing the numerator
by the denominator, and then the remainder will be the numerator of the
fractional part of the mixed number.

41. What is the average of A,B,C?

A. ABC/3 B. (A+B+C)/3 C. 3(A+B+C) D. ABC/A+B+C

ANSWER: B
To get the average of the given numbers, just add the given numbers and divide the sum by
the
total number of addends.

42. What number subtracted from each 71 and 58 will result in two perfect squares?
A. 42 B. 3 C. 35 D. 22
ANSWER: D
71 -22 = 49; 49 is a perfect square.
58-22 = 36; 36 is also a perfect square.

43. How many 1/8s are there in 2 5/8?

A. 21 B. 22 C. 23 D. 24
ANSWER: A
This means, 2 5/8 ÷ 1/8. To divide mixed numbers, first convert the mixed number into
improper
fraction.
 5 21 1
2 = ÷ To divide fractions, multiply the dividend (first fraction)
8 8 8
by the
1 reciprocal of the divisor ( second fraction)
21 8
= 8 x 1 Divide out common factors in the numerator(s) a1nd
1 denominator(s)

= 21

44. 1 ¼ subtracted from its reciprocal is?

A. -9/20 B. .45 C. 25 D. 9/20
ANSWER: A

The reciprocal of 1 ¼ or 5/4 is 4/5.

4 5 16−25 −9
So,
5
- 4
= 20
= 20

45. What is the difference between the largest 4-digit number and the smallest 4-digit number?
A. 8999 B. 8000 C. 9998 D. 8888

ANSWER: A
9999 – 1000 = 8999

46. If the exchange of US dollars to peso is $1 = Php47.90 what is the value of Php1 in American
cents?
A 0.02 B. 479 C. 2 D. 4.
ANSWER: C

By ratio and proportion,

47.90 100
1
= x
, by applying the fundamental principle of proportion /cross
multiply
(The Product of the means is equal to the product of the extremes)
47.90 x = 100
47.90 x 100
47.90 = 47.90 Divide both sides by the coefficient of x to get the value of x
X = 2.08768

One Philippine peso is approximately 2 American cents in equivalent value given the
exchange rate $ 1= Php 47.90.

47. A policeman caught a pusher carrying prohibited drugs. Each package weighed 12 kg, 10 1/8 kg,
11 3/4 kg, and 8 kg. Give the weight of the confiscated drugs.
A. 40 3/8kg B. 41 7/8 kg C. 42 5/8kg D. 41 1/2kg
ANSWER: B
12 + 10 1/8 + 11 ¾ + 8 = (12 + 10 + 11 + 8 ) + ( 1/8 + ¾)
 1+6 7 7
= 41 + = 41 + = 41
8 8 8

48. The average of 5 different numbers is 10. What is the highest possible value that one of the
numbers can have?
A. 20 B. 30 C . 38 D. 40
ANSWER: D
Let x be the highest possible value
1+2+3+ 4+ x
5
=10; cross multiply
1+2+3+4+x = 10(5).
10+x = 50; Apply transposition technique to combine like terms
X = 50-10
X = 40

49. If July 2, 2013 fell on Tuesday, on what day would July 2, 2015 fall?
A. Monday B. Thursday C. Sunday D. Friday
ANSWER: B
If July 2, 2013 was Tuesday, July 2, 2014 was Wednesday and so July 2, 2015 was Thursday.
Note: It is plus one day for ordinary year and plus 2 days for a leap year.

50. What part of an hour passed from 2:48 pm to 3:20 pm?

A. 8/5 B. 7/8 C. 8/15 D. 1/3
ANSWER: C
1 hour = 60 minutes
From 2:48 to 3:00, 12 minutes had passed and from 3:00 to 3:20, 20 minutes passed
So, a total of 32 minutes that passed from 2:48 to 3:20.
1 hr 32 8
32minutes ( 60 minutes )= 60 = 15

51. Tess spent one-sixth of her money in one store. In the next store, she spent three times as much
as she spent in the first store, and had 80 pesos left. How much money did she have at the start?
A. 252 pesos B. 240 pesos C. 300 pesos D. 360 pesos
ANSWER: B
Let x be Tess’ money at the start
1 3
x + x +80=x . Translate the English sentence into mathematical sentence.
6 6

1 3
x + x –x = -80, by transposition technique to combine like terms.
6 6
x +3 x−6 x
6
= -80. by Cross multiplication

x+ 3x – 6x = -80(6). Combine like terms at the left side of the equation

 -2x = -480.
−2 x −480
−2 = −2 . Divide both sides by -2 to get the value of x

X = 240

52. What day follows the day before yesterday if 2 days from now will be Sunday?
A. Tuesday B. Wednesday C. Thursday D. Friday
ANSWER: B
Day before yesterday Yesterday Now(Today) Day 1 Day 2
Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

53. Robert ate ¾ pan of a cake on the table. Karen ate 2/3 of what is left. What fraction of the cake
was left?
A. 1/5 B. 1/4 C. 1/3 D. 1/12
ANSWER: D
At the start, the whole cake is equivalent to 1. So 1 – ¾ = ¼ .
1
2 1 1
The remaining ¼ , Karen ate 2/3 of it. So, x
3 4
= 6
. Divide out common factors
So, Karen ate 1/6 of the whole cake. 2
1 1 3−2 1
− =
4 6 12 = 12 .

54. If eggs are sold at P2.15 each, how many dozens of eggs can I buy with P40?
A. 18 B. 24 C. 2 D. 1½
ANSWER: D
40 ÷ 2.15 = 18.60 . So, 18 pieces of eggs can be bought which is equivalent to 1 ½ dozens
since 1 dozen = 12

55. In a sequence of start and stops an elevator travels from the first floor to the fifth floor and then
to the second floor. From there, the elevator travels to the fourth and then to the third floor. If the
floors are 3 meters apart how far has the elevator traveled?
A. 18 m B. 27 m C. 30 m D. 45 m

ANSWER: C
5 From first floor to fifth floor, there are 12 meters ( 4 x 3 m)
4 From fifth floor to second floor, there are 9 meters (3 x3 m)
3 From second floor to fourth floor, there are 6 meters ( 2 x 3m)
2 From fourth floor to third floor, there are 3 meters (1 x 3m)
1 So, adding them, the elevator has traveled 30 meters.

56. If you are 12th from winning and 3rd from the last, how many contestants competed?
 A. 14 B. 13 C. 12 D. 15
ANSWER: A
12th _13__ _14__
rd
3 from the last last
57. Joseph is 10 years older than his sister. If Joseph was 25 years of age in 1983, in what year could
she have been born?
A. 1948 B. 1963 C. 1958 D. 1968
ANSWER: D
In 1983
Joseph =25 and his sister = 25-10 =15
1983 , apply subtraction with regrouping
- 15
1968

58. A telephone company charges Php18 for the first 3 minutes plus Php2.50 for every additional
minute. At this how much will a 15-minute call cost?
A. Php 55.50 B. Php48.00 C. Php37.50 D. Php90.00
ANSWER: B
Php18 for the first 3 minutes. So, 15 minutes – 3minutes = 12 minutes x Php2.50 = Php30.00+ Php
Php30.00 + Php 18.00 = Php48.00

59. A Toyota car travelling at a rate of 70km per hour leaves the house 2 hours after a Kia car has left
and overtakes it in 5 hours; at what rate was the Kia car travelling?
A. 40 kilometers per hour C. 50 kilometers per hour
B. 30 kilometers per hour D. 20 kilometers per hour
ANSWER: C
Starting
point
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7hr
T K
After 2 hours of traveling by Toyota, Kia car also left from the same starting point and overtakes
Toyota after 5 hours.
Note : Distance = rate x time
CAR TYPE rate time distance
Toyota 70kph 5 70 x 5 = 350
Kia X 7 7x

When Toyota overtakes Kia, it means distance traveled by Toyota = distance traveled by Kia
D T = DK
350 = 7x
X = 350/7
X = 50 kph

60. A man started painting a wall at 9:00 am and was able to finish painting 3/5 of it at 10:30 am.
 Continuing at this rate, at what time will he finish painting the wall?
A. 10:45 am B. 11:30 am C. 11:45 am D. 12:15 am
ANSWER: B
9:00 AM 9:30 10:00 10:30AM 11:00 11:30
Start 1/5 2/5 3/5 was painted 4/5 5/5=1 complete
job

61. A vehicle consumes a liter of gasoline to travel ten kilometers. After a tune-up, it travels
15%further on one liter. To the nearest tenth, how many liters of gasoline will it take for the vehicle
to travel 230 kilometers?
A. 20 L B. 23 L C. 23.15 L D. 20.15 L
ANSWER: A
Before tune up --- 1L : 10km
After tune-up --- 1L : 11.5 km (since 15% of 10 = .15 x 10 = 1.5 km + 10 km= 11.5 km)
By ratio and proportion
1L xL
11.5 km = 230 km , by fundamental principle of proportion/cross multiply

11.5 x = 230 , divide both sides by 11.5 to get the value of x

230
X=
11.5

X = 20

62. An adventurer started on a round-the world tour on September 8, 1999 and finished on October
12, 2000. How many days did he spend to make the whole trip (including rest periods)?
A. 398 B. 399 C. 401 D. 400
ANSWER: D
Start: Sept. 8, 1999 ----- Sept. 30 = 30-8 = 22 days he traveled already
October = 31
November = 30
December = 31
TOTAL 114 days

Jan 1, 2000 ---- January = 31 days

February = 29 days, since 2000 is a leap year
March = 31
April = 30
May = 31
June = 30
July = 31
August = 31
September = 30
Oct. 12 = 12
TOTAL 286 + 114 days in 1999 = 400 days all in all.
63. An explorer traveled 10 km to the north, then traveled 44 km south and went 20 km to its
opposite
direction. What is the explorer’s present position relative to his original position?
A. 14km north B. 14km south C. 34km north D. 34km south
ANSWER: B 10
10km

44 km

20 km So, 34 -20 = 14 km south

34
64. How many feet of continuous paper will you need to print an 81-page report in duplicate. One
page is 8 inches in length. How many feet would you need of the continuous paper?
A. 54 ft B. 172 ft C. 152 ft D. 108 ft
ANSWER: D
81 x 2 = 162 ( since duplicate)
1 page = 8 inches long
162 x 8 = 1296 inches ; Convert inches to feet. Note: 1 foot = 12 inches

12∈¿ 1296 ft
1296 in x 1 ft = 12
= 108 ft. Divide out inches
¿

65. A 737-model jet plane has 29 rows with 5 seats per row except for the last three rows which had
3 seats each. What is the seating capacity of the plane?
A. 144 B. 145 C. 139 D. 142
ANSWER: C
29 rows – 3 rows (with 3 seats each) = 26 rows with 5 seats per row
26 x 5 = 130
3 x3= 9
So, 130 + 9 = 139

66. In a ring-trading business, Jack bought a ring costs Php 600, sold it for Php 700, then bought it
back
for Php 800, then sold it for Php 900. How much did Jack gain or lose in the business?
A. 0 B. Php100 C. - Php 100 D. Php 200
ANSWER: D
From Php600 to Php700, he gained Php 100
From Php 800 to Php 900, he gained Php 100
So, he gained Php200.
67. A certain supermarket repacks rice in smaller bags from big sacks of about 50 kg. When they put
2 kilograms in each pack, they still have 1 kg of rice left in the sack. How many kg of rice does a
sack contain?
A. 50 kg B. 48 kg C. 49 kg D. 55 kg
ANSWER: C
49 ÷ 2 = 24 packs with reaminder of 1 kilo

LCM & GCF

68. The GCF of 16 and 32 is
A. 2 B. 6 C. 8 D. 16
ANSWER: D
By prime factorization
16 = 2x2x2x2 = 24
32 = 2x2x2x2x2 = 25
The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) is the product of the common factors. Take the
smaller or smallest exponent of the common factor. In this case, the GCF is 24 = 16.

69. What is the smallest positive number that is a multiple of both 12 and 14?
A. 36 B. 42 C. 84 D. 168
ANSWER: C

Take the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 12 and 14 by using prime factorization
12 = 2 x 2 x 3 = 22 x 3
14 = 2 x 7 = 2 x 7 So, the LCM = 22 x 3 x 7 = 84

Note : The LCM is the product of all factors used and take larger or largest exponent for the
common
factor.

70. What is the greatest common factor (GCF) of the numbers 12, 32, and 48?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6
ANSWER: C
12 = 2 x 2 x 3 = 22 x 3
32 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 25
48 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24 x 3 . The common factor 22. 3 is not a common factor.
So, the GCF = 22 = 4.

71. The GCD of 18, 24 and 30 is

A. 6 B. 8 C. 4 D. 2
ANSWER: A
GCD is the same as GCF
18 = 2 x 3 x 3 = 2 x 32
24 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 23 x 3
30 = 2 x 3 x 5 Note: Common factors are 2 and 3. Take the smaller or smallest exponent
So, GCD = 2 x 3 = 6
72. What is the product of the GCF and LCM of 12 and 18?
A. 96 B. 216 C. 108 D. 432

ANSWER: B
12 = 2 x 2 x 3 = 22 x 3
18 = 2 x 3 x 3 = 2 x 32
2 2
So, the GCF of 12 and 18 is 2 X 3 = 6 and the LCM of 12 and 18 is 2 x 3 =36.
Then, GCF X LCM = 6 X 36 = 216.

73. During summer, a lady visits Baguio every 6 days, and his best friend every 4 days. If they visited
Baguio last April 11, what was the earliest date did both of them visit Baguio again?
A. April 21 B. April 23 C. May 5 D. May 11
ANSWER: B

74. Girl scouts from three schools gathered together in a jamboree. There are 60 girls from School A,
48 from school B, 42 from school C. The scouts were regrouped so that all the small groups formed
would have the same number of scouts coming from one school. How many groups should be
formed?
A. 6 B. 12 C. 18 D. 24
ANSWER: A
This means take the GCF of 60, 48, and 42.
60 = 6 x 10
48 = 6 x 8
42 = 6 x 7
So, the GCF is 6.

75. The greatest common divisor of 3x², 3xy, 6x²y and 9x²y² is
A. 3x²y B. 3xy C. 3y D. 3x

ANSWER: D
3x² = 3 . x. x
3xy = 3 . x. y
6x²y = 3 . 2 . x . x . y
9x²y² = 3 . 3 . x . x . y . y
So, the GCD = 3 . x = 3x

DIVISIBILTY
76. What are the two digits which when inserted in the figure 785, 3 __ __will make it divisible by
eight?
A. 4 and 0 B. 6 and 3 C. 2 and 0 D. 0 and 0
ANSWER: C
A number is divisble by 8 if the last three digits formed a number divisble by 8.
320 is divisible by 8. It is equal to 40.

77. Which of these numbers is NOT divisible by 15?

 A. 431640 B. 321690 C. 461305 D. 630465
ANSWER: C
A number is divisible by 15 if that same number is divisible by 3 and 5.
A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.
A number is divisible by 5 if the last digit is either 0 or 5.
So, by inspection, all the options have the last digit whihc is either 0 or 5. Thus, each is divisible by
5.
The sum of the digits in A is 18 and 18 is divisible by 3.
The sum of the digits in B is 21 and 21 is divisible by 3.
The sum of the digits in C is 19 and 19 is NOT divisible by 3. Hence, it is the answer.

78. Which of the following is exactly divisible by 4 and 11?

A. 357040 B. 114268 C. 991111 D. 135792

ANSWER: B

A number is divisible by 4 if the last two digits formed a number that is divisible by 4.
A number is divisible by 11 if the difference of the sums of the alternating digits is
divisible by 11.

Options A, B and D have the last two digits that formed a number divisible by 4.
A. 40 ÷ 4 = 10
B. 68 ÷ 4 = 17
C. 92 ÷ 4 = 23

A. (3 + 7 + 4) – (5 + 0 + 0) = 14 – 5 = 9 and 9 is not divisible by 11.

B. (1 + 4 + 6) – (1 + 2 + 8) = 11 -11 = 0 and 0 is divisible by 11. So, it is the answer.

79. Which number is divisible by both 3 and 5?

A. 935 B. 575 C. 640 D. 780
ANSWER: D

Since the sum of the digits of 780 is 15 and 15 is divisible by 3.

The last digit of 780 is 0, hence, it is divisible by 5.

80.What number can replace the digit N so that 764524N is divisible by 12?
A. 0 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

ANSWER: D
A number is divisible by 12 if it is divisible by 3 and 4.
So, 7 + 6 + 4 + 5 + 2 + 4 = 28. To make the sum divisble by 3, we must take option D.
28 + 8 = 36 and 36 is divisible by 3
The last digits formed a number 48 which is divisible by 4.

RATIO & PROPORTION

81.

In the above diagram, what is the ratio of black triangles to white triangles?
A. 2:3 B. 3:2 C. 8:5 D. 5:3
ANSWER: B

Count the black triangles and the white triangles

There are 15 black triangles and 10 white triangles.
BLACK : WHITE = 15 : 10 = 3 : 2

82. If a picture frame is 7½ ft. long and 4½ ft. wide, what is the ratio of its length to its width?
A. 3: 2 B. 2: 5 C. 3: 5 D. 5: 3
ANSWER: D
15 9
L:W = 7½:4½ = : . Remember, ratio is anothe way of expressing division.
2 2
5 1
15 9 15 9 15 2 5
So, 2 : 2 = 2 ÷ 2 .= 2 x 9 = 3 =5:3
1 3

83. Forty people joined a picnic. If the ratio of adults to children is 5:3, how many children joined the
picnic?
A. 25 B. 15 C. 8 D. 5
ANSWER: B

Let x be the number per part or group.

Adult: children = 5:3
So, 5x + 3x = 40
8x = 40
 8x 40
8
= 8
X =5
Adult= 5x = 5(5) = 25
Children = 3x = 3(5) =15

84. Find two numbers such that if 3 is subtracted from each of them they will be in the ratio of 2:1,
while if 5 is added to each of them they will be in the ratio of 4:3.
A. 10, 6 B. 12, 8 C. 11, 8 D. 11, 7
ANSWER: D

Let x be the first number and y be the second number

x−3 2
y −3 = 1 , cross multiply

X -3 = 2(y – 3), by distributive property

X – 3 = 2y – 6, solve for x
X = 2y -6 +3, combine like terms
X = 2y -3. Eq’n 1

x +5 4
y +5
= 3
, cross multiply
3 (x + 5) = 4(y + 5), by distributive property
3x + 15 = 4y + 20. Eq’n 2

Substitute the value of x in Eq’n to eq’n 2.

3x + 15 = 4y + 20. Eq’n 2
3(2y – 3) +15 = 4y + 20. By distributive property
6y -9 +15 = 4y + 20. Combine like terms
6y + 6 = 4y + 20. Apply transposition technique
6y – 4y = 20 – 6. Combine like terms
2y = 14. Divide both sides by 2 to get the value of y
2y 14
2
= 2
Y =7
Substitute the value of y in Eq’n. 1 to get the value of x.
X = 2y -3. Eq’n 1
X = 2(7) – 3
X = 14 – 3
X = 11

85. The distance between two towns on a given map is 2 3/4 cm. If 1/2 cm in the map is equal to
6km,
find the actual distance between the two towns.
A. 18 km B. 33 km C. 36 km D. 42 km
ANSWER: B
By ratio and proportion:
1 11
2 = 4 , cross multiply
6 x
1 11
x = 6( )
2 4

x 66
2 = 4 , cross multiply
4x = 132, divide both sides by 4
4x 132
4 = 4
X = 33 Km
86. The ratio of the number of chickens to the number of dogs and cats in Mang Tomas' backyard is
5:
1: 2. If there are 48 animals of these kinds in his backyard, how many of them are dogs?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
ANSWER: C

By partitive proportion. PP is used to divide a number into parts proportional to the given.

Let x be the number of animals per part

Chickens : dogs: cats = 5:1:2
So, 5x + 1x + 2x = 48
8x = 48.
8x 48
8 = 8

X =6
Dogs = 1x = 1(6) = 6

87. The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. When the pressure is 30 cm of
mercury, the volume is 600 cubic cm. Find the pressure when the volume is 250 cubic cm.
A. 12.5 cm of mercury C. 72 cm of mercury
B. 28 cm of mercury D. 65 cm of mercury

ANSWER: C

Inverse proportion occurs when one value increases and the other decreases.
For example, more workers on a job would reduce the time to complete the task. They
are inversely proportional.
As volume of a gas increases, its pressure decreases
 250 cc 30
600 cc
= x
, cross multiply

250x = 30 (600)
250x =18000
250 x 18000
250
= 250

X = 72

88. Three (3) cavans of rice will last a family of 6 members in 5 weeks. At this rate, how many weeks
will 2 cavans of rice last a family of 4 members?
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 3
ANSWER: C

3 cavans of rice is consumed in 6 x 5 person-weeks

6x5
1 cavan of rice is consumed in = 10 person-weeks
3

2 cavans of rice is consumed in 10 person -weeks(2) = 20 person-weeks

20 person−weeks
= 5 weeks
4 person

PERCENTAGE, RATE & BASE

89. Between January 2018 and August 2018, the price of gasoline rose from 28.40 to 52.90 per liter.
What is the percent of increase over the 8-month period?
A. 97.5% B. 86.27% C. 24.5% D. 46.81%

ANSWER: B
P=rxb
Amount of increase = new price – old price
= 52.90 – 28.40
= 24.50

Percent of increase = amount of increase / old or original price

= 24.50/ 28.40
= 0.862676 x 100%
= 86.2676% round off
= 86.27%

90. If a positive number is increased by 70 percent, and then the result Is decreased by 50 percent,
which of the following accurately describes the net change?
A.15% decrease B. 20% increase C.12% increase D. 20% decrease
ANSWER: B
Let x be the positive number
100%X + 70%x = 1.7x
 1.7x – 50%x = 1.7x – 0.5x = 1.2x or 120%x.
This means there is a 20% increase.

91. Guzman Company manufactures beds. In its catalog, a double bed is priced at Php5,000.00 less a
discount to the trade of 20%. What will Rosan Department Store have to pay for the bed?
A. P4,100.00 B. P4,150.00 C. P4,200.00 D. P4,000.00
ANSWER: D
Note: Net/Sale Price = Original /Tag Price – Amount of Discount
Amount of Discount = rate of discount x Original/tag price

Amount of Discount = 20% (Php5,000.00) = 0.2(5,000) = 1,000.00

Sale Price = Php5,000 -Php1,000 = Php4,000

92. The introductory price of a certain item was Php12. What is the percent increase in the price of
the item if two years later its price is Php42?
A. 150% B. 200% C. 250% D. 300%
ANSWER: C
amount of increase
Note: Percent of increase = Percent of increase= x 100 %
original amount
Amount of increase = New Price-Old price
Amount of increase =Php42 – Php 12 = Php 30.

30
Rate of increase= (100%) = 250%
12

93. A merchant bought shoes at P100 a pair. She tagged them at 10% more. Then she advertised a
new cost, which is 10% less than the tagged price. Did she lose or did she gain?
A. She did not lose or gain
B. She gained by one peso
C. She lost 2% of the cost price of each pair
D. She lost by one peso
ANSWER: D
Solution:
Original Price = Php100.00
Tagged at 10% = 10% (Php100) = Php10.00 --- amount of increase
New Price = Php100 + Php 10 = Php 110.00
New Price is discounted by 10% ( 10% less than the tagged price)
Php 110 ( 10%) = Php 11.00 ----amount of discount
Final Price = Php 110.00 – Php11.00 = Php 99.00.
So, the merchant lost by Php 1.00.

94. Mr. Santos ordered a merchandise listed at Php15,000.00; the invoice received showed the net
price of Php12,750.00. Find the discount rate.
 A. 18% B. 20% C. 15% D. 22%
ANSWER: C
amount of discount
Note: Discount rate = x 100 %
original price
Amount of discount = Tag/original price – sale /net price
Amuont of discount = Php 15,000.00 – Php12,750.00 = Php2,250.00

Php 2,250
Discount rate = ( 100 % )=0.15 ( 100 % )=15 %
Php 15,000

95. Ever good Systems employ 115 people. During the low season, it laid off 20% of its employees.
By what percent must the company increase its manpower to return to full capacity?
A. 20 B. 22 C. 23 D. 25
ANSWER: D

Solution
20%(115) = 0.2(115) = 23 employees that were laid off
115 - 23 = 92 were employed during low season
23
r x100% 0.25 x100% 25%
92

96. Julie Gomez is a saleswoman. She is paid a salary of Php3,000.00 a week plus 2% commission
on
sales over Php4,000.00. Find her gross pay for a week her sales are Php9,500.00
A. P3,210.00 B. P3,110.00 C. P3,190.00 D. P3,150.00
ANSWER: B

Solution
Php9,500-Php4,000 = Php5,500(2%) = 110
Php3,000+ Php110 = Php3,110

97. During a recent shopping spree. Tomas and Nena bought some new accessories for their
apartment. Nena chose a crocheted throw pillow at P24.95, and Tomas purchased a rural
landscape painting for P135. How much did they actually spend if they paid 7% sales tax.
A. P171.15 B. 139.25 C. P 15,272.00 D. P 159.75
ANSWER:A

Solution
Php24.95 + Php135 = Php159.95(7%) = Php11.1965

Php159.95 + Php11.1965 = Php171.1465

98. How many gallons of 30% solution of hydrochloric acid should be added to 2 gallons of 15%
solution of the same acid to make a 20% solution?
A.1 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 2.5
ANSWER: A
 Solution
Let x be the number of gallons of 30% solution of hydrochloric acid

15% 30% 20%

acid acid acid

2 gal + x gal = ( 2 + x) gal

15%(2) + 30%(x) = 20%(2 +x)

15(2) + 30(x) = 20(2+x)
30 + 30x = 40 + 20x
30x - 20x = 40 - 30
10x = 10
X = 1 gallon

99. A senior class of 50 girls and 70 boys sponsored a dance. If 40 % of the girls and 50% of the boys
attended the dance, approximately what percent attended?
A. 44 B. 46 C . 42 D. 40
ANSWER: B

Solution
40%(50) + 50%(70) = 0.4(50) + 0.5(70)
= 20 + 35
= 55 students attended the dance
55
%attended  x100% 0.4583x100% 45.83%
120

100. Your salary deduction per month includes 10% for income tax, 5% for GSIS and 2% for loan
amortization. Your take home pay is P8.300.00. What is your monthly salary?
A. P10, 000 B. P10, 500 C.P11,000 D. P9, 50071
ANSWER: A

Solution
Let x be the monthly salary
10%(x) + 5%(x) + 2% (x) + Php8,300 = x.
100[10%(x) + 5%(x) + 2% (x) + Php8,300 = x]
10x + 5x + 2x + Php830,000 = 100x
17x + Php830,000= 100x
Php830,000= 100x - 17x
Php830,000= 83x
830,000
x
83
X = Php10,000
 101. Mr. Lazarte had incurred the following expenses in his trips to the Mindanao islands:
Php3,200.00; Php2,500.00 and Php1,500.00. what percent of this total monthly budget of
Php40,000.00 did he spend for this trip?
A. 35 % B. 18% C. 20% D. 30%
ANSWER: B

Solution
Php3,200 + Php2,500 + Php1,500 = Php7,200 expenses for the trip
Php7,200
r x100% 0.18 x100% 18%
Php 40,000

102. A restaurant bill is made up the following: Php135.25 for appetizers, PhpP375.45 for main
courses, and Php65.35 for desserts, plus 12% VAT. How much is the bill?
A. Php564.30 B. Php643.50 C. Php545.60 D. Php645.20

Answer: D

Solution
Bill = total cost + VAT
Total Cost = Php 135.25 + Php375.45 + Php65.35
TC = Php576.05
Bill = TC + 12%(TC)
Bill = Php576.05 + 0.12(Php576.05)
Bill = Php576.05 + Php69.126
Bill = Php645.176

MEASUREMENT & CONVERSION

103. If 2 tablespoons= 1 liquid oz., and 5 tablespoons = ¼ cup, then, how many liquid ounces are
there in one cup?
A. 4 ounces B. 10 ounces C. 16 ounces D. 24 ounces

Answer: B

Solution
1/4 cup = 5 tablespoons
1
cup 5tablespoon s
4
1 cup = 20 tablespoons

If 2 tablespoons = 1 liquid oz., then

1liquidoz
20tbsp ( ) 10oz.
2tbsp

104. A new supercomputer measures 462 lbs in weight. How much does it weigh in grams?
A. 210 g B. 2,100 g C. 21,000 g D. 210,000 g
 Answer: D

Solution
Remember that 1 kl. = 2.2lbs and 1kl.= 1,000g.

So,
1kl 1,000 g
462lbs ( ) 210kls ( ) 210,000 g.
2.2lbs 1kl

105. A bottle of 237 ml of Coke has ____ ounces?

A. 12 ounces B. 8 ounces C. 6 ounces D. 20 ounces
Answer: B
Remember that 237 ml = 8.014 US fluid oz.

106. If map is drawn to scale such that 1.5 cm on the map corresponds to 75 km on actual distance.
How many cm on the map would represent the distance between two towns which are 270 km
apart?
A. 2.7 cm B. 3.6 cm C. 1.8 cm D. 5.4 cm

Answer: D

Solution: By ratio and proportion

1.5cm x

75km 270km
75x = 1.5(270)
405
x
75
x =5.4cm

INEQUALITIES
107. If 5x > 0 which of the following must be TRUE?
I. x<0 II. 1/x>0 III. -x<0
A. II only B II and III C. I and II D. I only
Answer: B

108. If n < m and a < b, then .

A. n + a > m + b B. m = b C. n = a D. n + a < m +b
Answer: D
The best strategy is plugging values.
Say, if 3 < 5 and 2 < 4, then 3 + 2 < 5 + 4

109. Twelve pesos more than twice Mico’s allowance is at most 600 pesos. What is his maximum
allowance?
A. 300 pesos B. 634 pesos C. 588 pesos D. 294 pesos
Answer: D
 Let x be Mico’s allowance
2x + 12 ≤ 600
2x ≤ 600 -12
2x ≤ 588
X ≤ 294

110. If W>X, Y<Z and X>Z, then, which of the following inequality statements must be true?
A. W>X>Y>Z B. W>X>Z>Y C. Z<Y<X<W D. Z<X<Y<W
Answer: B

The best strategy is plugging values.

Say, if 10 > 7, 1 < 2, and 7 > 2 , then 10 > 7 > 2 > 1

INTEREST
111. What is the total amount after adding interest of 8% on Php10,000.00 for 3 years?
A.Php11,800.00 B. Php12,400.00 C. Php13,400.00 D. Php15,800.00
Answer: B

Solution
Remember these : Amount = Principal + Interest, and I = Prt

6 , 000
P=
Total amount = P + I = Php10,000 + Php10,000(8%)(3 yrs.) 0 . 02 0 + Php10,000(0.08)(3)
Total Amount = Php10,000 + Php2,400
Total Amount = Php12,400

112. How much was borrowed if the interest at 8% after 3 months is Php6,000.00?
A. Php150,000.00 B. Php300,000.00 C. Php200,000.00 D.Php250,000.00
Answer: B

Solution
I = Prt Note: t must be in years and 1 year = 12 months
6,000 = P(8%)(3/12)
6,000 = P(0.08)(0.25)
6,000 = 0.02P
6,000
P
0.02
P = 300,000

113. A man accepts a position at Php14,250 basic salary with an agreement that he will receive a 2%
increase every year for 3 years. What is his salary after 3 years?
A. Php14,950 B. Php15,105 C. Php15,122.21 D. Php16,500
 Answer: C

Solution
Remember that amount of increase = rate of increase times original amount
So, 2%(Php14,250) = 0.02(Php14,250) = Php285
After 1 year , his new basic salary is Php14,250 + Php285 = Php14,535.00

2%(Php14,535) = Php290.7
After 2 years, his new basic salary is Php14,535 + Php290.7 = Php14,825.7

2%(Php14,825.7) = Php296.514
After 3 years, his new basic salary is Php14,825.7 + Php296.514 = Php15,122.214

114. At what rate of interest should Php2,400 be invested so that it will earn Php88 in 8 months?
1 1
A. 6 % B. 5 % C. 5% D. 6%
2 2

Answer: B

Solution
I = Prt
Php88 = Php2,400(r)(8/12)

Php88 = Php1600r
88
r
1600
r = 0.055 x 100% = 5.5% or 5 1/2 %

SEQUENCE & SERIES

115. What number is next in this sequence?
11120, 11260, 11420, 11600
A. 11820 B. 11760 C. 11720 D. 11800

Answer: D

Look for the pattern

1120, 11260, 11420, 11600 ?

Difference 140 160 180 200

This is an arithmetic sequence or progression.

116. What is the sum of all 2-digit numbers which are divisible by 5?
A. 945 B. 950 C. 960 D. 1050

Answer: A
 Solution
10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95
Remember these: In an arithmetic sequence, the nth term is

an a1  (n  1)d
Where;
an is the last term
a1 is the first term
n is the total number of terms
d is the difference

And the sum of the terms can be found by using either of these:
n n
S n  [2a1  (n  1)d ] S n  (a1  an )
2 or 2

Where:
S n is the sum of the terms
So,
a1 = 5 , an = 95, d = 5, n = 18

n
S n  (a1  an )
2

18
S18  (10  95)
2
S18 9(105)
S18 945

117. What are t e next three numbers in this sequence? 1/6, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, …
h
A. 5/6, 1, 7/6 B. 7/3, 4, 9/3 C. 5/6, 2/6, 7/3 D. 5/2, 7

Answer: A

Solution
1/6, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, …= 1/6, 2/6, 3/6, 4/6, 5/6, 6/6, 7/6

118. Find the 25th term of the sequence/progression -7, -4, -1, 2, ...
A. 72 B. 65 C. 62 D. 75

Answer: B

Solution
 -7, -4, -1, 2, … So, a1 = -7 and d = -4 - -7 = -4 + 7 = 3, and n =25

Using
a25 a1  (n  1)d
a25  7  (25  1)3
a25  7  24(3)
a25 65

119. The number missing in the series 6, 12, 20, 30, ? , 56, 72 is ?
A. 38 B. 42 C. 44 D. 48

Answer: B

Solution
6, 12, 20, 30, ?, 56, 72

6 8 10 12 14

PERIMETER, AREA & VOLUME

120. The sum of the sides of a polygon is referred to as
A. volume B. area C. legs D. perimeter

Answer: D
Remember that by definition, perimeter is the sum of all sides.

21. All right angles are

A. parallel. B. oblique. C. supplementary D. congruent
Answer: D

By the theorem that states, all right are congruent.

122. The side opposite the right angle of a right triangle is the _______ and each of the other
two
sides is called the __________.
A. hypotenuse, leg B. opposite, adjacent C. leg, hypotenuse D. adjacent, opposite
Answer: A
Remember these: Hypotenuse is the longest side and opposite to the right angle.
Legs are the other two sides

leg hypotenuse
 leg

123. If two legs of one right triangle are equal respectively to two legs of another, the right triangles
are
A. congruent B. complementary C. supplementary D. adjacent
Answer: A

By LL theorem

124. The length and width of a rectangle are (3x-2) and (2x+1) respectively. What is the perimeter of
the rectangle?
A. 6x2 – x – 2 B. 10x + 2 C. 10x – 2 D. 5x – 1

Answer: C
P is the sum of all sides.
P= l + l +w +w = 2l +2w OR P = 2l + 2w
P =(3x-2) + (3x -2) + (2x +1) + (2x +1) P = 2(3x - 2) + 2(2x + 1)
P= 3x-2 + 3x -2 + 2x +1 + 2x +1 P = 6x -4 + 4x + 2
P = (3x + 3x + 2x + 2x) + (-2 + -2 + 1 +1) P = 6x + 4x + (-4 +2)
P= 10x + (-2) P = 10x + (-2)
P = 10x -2 P = 10x -2

125. One side of the triangle is 1/4 of its perimeter, the second one is 4 less than 1/2 of the
perimeter. If the third side measures 9 cm, what is its perimeter?
A. 20 cm B. 28 cm C. 32 cm D. 16 cm
Answer: A
Solution
a = 1/4 p
b = 1/2 p - 4
c = 9 cm

P=a+b+c
P = 1/4 p + (1/2 p - 4) + 9
P = 1/4 p + 1/2 p - 4+ 9
P - 1/4P- 1/2P = -4 + 9
1 1
p p  p 5
4 2

4 p  1p  2 p
5
4
p 20
126. A picture frame 10 cm by 15 cm is to be enlarged so that its new dimension is 15 cm by 20 cm.
How many times larger than the original will the new area be?
A. twice B. thrice C. 1 ½ times D. 2 ½ times
Answer: A

Solution
Remember that Area of rectangle is the product of its length and width.
So, A = lw = 15cm (10cm) = 150 sq. cm for rectangle 1

A = lw =20cm(15cm) = 300 sq. cm for the enlarged rectangle

Area of the new rectangle = twice the are of the original rectangle.
30 = 2(150)

127. The altitude of a triangle is 5 meters and the base is 20 meters. What is the area of the
triangle?
A. 50 square meters B. 20 square meters C. 24 square meters D. 60 square meters
Answer: A

Solution
Remember this: Area of a triangle is 1/2 the product of its base and height.
1
A  bh
2
1
A  (20)(5)
2
100
A
2
A 50 sq.m.

128. One-fifth of the width and one-sixth of the length of rectangular cardboard are cut-off. What is
the area of the remaining piece?
A. 1/3 of the original area B. 2/3 of the original area
C. 4/5of the original area D. 5/6 of the original area
Answer: B

Solution

A = lw --- area of the original rectangle

New width = W - 1/5W = 4/5W

New Length = L - 1/6L = 5/6L

A = new L (new W)
  5  4 
A  L   W 
 6  5 
4
A  LW
6
2
A  LW
3

So, the are of the new rectangle is 2/3 of the are of the original rectangle

129. One barangay wants to cement 2 lanes of roads each 7 meters wide by 200 meters long.
What is the total area to be cemented?
A. 1 400 sq.m B. 2 800 sq.m C. 9 000 sq.m D. 1 500 sq.m
Answer: B

Solution
Total area = 7 x 200 x 2 = 2,800

130. A cube is a rectangular solid, the length, width and height of which have the same measure
called the edge (e) of the cube. The volume of the cube is found by 'cubing' the measure of the
edge.
What- is the volume of the cube whose edge is 4cm?
A. 27 cm3 B. 64 cm3 C. 206 cm3 D. 125 cm3
Answer: B
Remember this : Volume of a cube is the cube of the length of its side.

3 3
V =s =e
V 43
V 64

131. What is the volume of air in an atmospheric balloon with a diameter of 24 cm?
A. 2304 cm3 B. 570 cm3 C. 7238 cm3 D. 144 cm3
Answer: C

Solution
4 3
πr
Remember this: volume of a sphere = 3 and diameter = 2r
Since, d = 24 cm
r =12 cm
 4
V   (12cm) 3
3
4
V   (1,728)
3
21,714.7392 3
V cm
3
V 7,238.2464cm 3

132.The volume of a cylinder is given by the formula V = Лr 2h. The approximate volume of a
cylinder with radius 5 cm and perpendicular height 8 cm is:
A. 62.8 cm3 B. 125.6 cm3 C. 628 cm3 D. 714 cm3

Answer: C
Remember that volume of right prism is equal to the product of the Area of the base and
the height of the right prism.

2
The base of cylinder is a circle, so the A r
Given that r = 5 cm and h = 8cm
V = Bh, where B is the area of the base and h is the height.
V r 2 h
V  (25cm 2 )(8cm)
V 628.32cm3

PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM
a c
The square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle
is equal to the sum of the squares of the two legs.

c 2 a 2  b 2
b
133. Two buses leave the same station at 9 pm. One bus travels north at the rate of 30 kph and the
other travels east at 40 kph. How many kilometers apart are the buses at 10 pm?
A. 50 km B. 70km C. 100 km D. 140km

Answer: A
N
Solution
30 ? After 1 hour, Bus 1 traveled for 30km north
and Bus 2 traveled for 40km east.
E
40
Using, c2 = a2 + b2
c2 = 302 + 402
c2 = 900 + 1600
c2 = 2500
c = 50
134. The diagonal of a square has length 16 √ 2 . Find its area.
A. 16 B. 64 C. 256 D. 512
 Answer: C √2
Remember this!
The diagonal of a square divides the
square into two congruent isosceles right
16 2
triangles.
16
In an isoseles right triangle, the kegs are congruent and
the measure of the angles are 45o-45o-90o.
2 2 2
Using c = a + b , since the legs are equal in length in an isosceles right triangle
c 2 = a2 + a2
2
16 2  2a 2

512 = 2a 2
a 2 = 256
a  256
a 16
REMEMBER THESE:

The hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle is equal to the length of the leg times 2.
hyp leg 2
The leg of an isosceles right triangle is equal to hypotenuse divided by 2.

hypotenuse
leg 
2

135. A 10-meter board leans against the wall. The foot of the board is 8 meters from the wall. How
far up the wall does the board reach?
A. 10 meters B. 4 meters C. 6 meters D. 8 meters

Answer: C

10m
Wall ? board

8m foot of the board

Using REMEMBER THESE RIGHT TRIANGLES

2 2 2
c =a +b 3, 4, 5 and their corresponding multiples
102 = a2 + 82 5, 12, 13 and their corresponding multiples
100= a2 + 64 7, 24, 25 and their corresponding multiples
100 - 64 = a2 8, 15, 17 and their corresponding multiples
a2 = 36
a=6
ALGEBRA
136. What is the sum of (7 x+3 y −z) and (6 x−2 y +3 z ) ?
A. x− y +2 z C. 13 x+5 y +2 z
B. 13 x+ y +2 z D. 13 x−5 y+ 2 z
Answer: B

Solution

(7 x+3 y −z) + (6 x−2 y +3 z ) = 7x + 3y - z + 6x - 2y + 3z; combine like terms

= 7x + 6x + 3y - 2y - z +3z; rearrange the terms
= 13x + y + 2z

137. Simplify ( 5 x3 m )( 2 x 2 m ) .
2
A. 10 xm B. 10 x6 m C. 6m
10 x D.
5m
10 x
Answer: D

Solution
Multiply the numerical coefficients and apply the Laws of Exponents
Law of Exponents: Multiplying expressions with the same base, copy the common
base add their exponents.

( 5 x3 m )( 2 x 2 m ) = 10x3m+2m = 10x5m

138. Simplify: -2 [ x + 9 ( x + 1 ) ]
A. 20 x+18 B. 20 x+2 C. −20 x−2 D. −20 x−18
Answer: D

Solution

REMEMBER PEMDAS
-2 [ x + 9 ( x + 1 ) ] = -2 [x + 9x +9] ; start removing the grouping symbol from the
innermost
= -2 [ 10x + 9] ; combine like terms
= -20x -18 ; by distributive property

139. The expression (3x2 + 2xy + 7) – (6x2 - 4xy + 3) is equivalent to

A. -3x2 - 2xy + 4 C. -3x2 + 6xy + 4
2
B. 3x - 2xy + 4 D. 3x2 - 6xy – 4

Answer: C

Solution
(3x2 + 2xy + 7) – (6x2 - 4xy + 3) ; remove the parenthesis by distributive law
3x2 + 2xy + 7 – 6x2 + 4xy - 3 ; rearrange like terms
 3x2 – 6x2 + 4xy + 2xy - 3 +7 ; combine like terms
-3x2 + 6xy + 4

140. If 18x2y + 12x2y2 - 6xy2 is divided by 6xy, the quotient is

A. 2x + 2xy - y B. 3x + 2xy - y C. 3x + 2y - 1 D. 3xy + 2x2y - y2
Answer: B

Solution
Divide each term by the monomial divisor. Divide the numerical coefficients.
Apply the Law of exponent: Subtract the exponents of the same base when dividing.

18 x 2 y 12 x 2 y 2 6 xy 2
 
6 xy 6 xy 6 xy
=
3x  2 xy  y

141. If x = –4 and y = 3, what is the value of x – 3y2?

A. -13 B. -23 C. – 31 D. – 85

Answer: C

Solution
x – 3y2 = -4 - 3(3)2
= -4 -3(9)
= -4 - 27
= - 31

142. Simplify 5 75 - 4 12
A. 33 3 B. 13 5 C. 63 D. 17 3

Answer: D
Solution
REMEMBER THIS!
We can only combine like radicals. Like radicals are radicals having
the same radicand and the same index.
Example of like radicals: 33 5and  4 5

75 - 4 12
5 = factor the radicands in such a way that they have a
common
factor
5 25(3)  4 4(3)
5(5) 3  4(2) 3
25 3  8 3
17 3
143.All the seats in the bus are occupied and six are standing. At the next bus stop, 13 persons got
off and 5 got in. how many seats were empty after this stop?
 A. 2 B. 0 C. 23 D. 24
Answer: A

Solution
Let x be the total number of seats in the bus
X + 6 -13 + 5 = x - 2

144.Mr. Milby took his four children to the trade exhibit. The total cost of their admission tickets
was Php 135.00. Mr. and Mrs. Alonzo and their six children had to pay Php 220.00. What was
the cost of an adult ticket and that of a child’s ticket?
A. Php 35.00 & Php 25.00 C. Php 24.00 & Php 35.00
B. Php 25.00 & Php 35.00 D. Php 35.00 & Php 28.00
Answer: A

Solution
Let a be the cost of an adult ticket and c be the cost of the child’s ticket

a + 4c = 135--- equation 1
2a + 6c = 220---equation 2
By elimination method of solving system of linear equations in two variables

Eliminate variable a by multiplying equation 1 by -2 and then add the resulting

equation to equation 2:
-2( a + 4c = 135)
-2a - 8c = - 270 by addition
2a + 6c = 220
-2c = - 50
c = 25
Substitute the value of c in equation 1: a + 4c = 135
a + 4(25)= 135
a = 135 - 100
a = 35
145. What is the cube root of (32 x 3)?
A. 9 B. 3x3 C.27 D. 3
Answer: D
Solution
3
32 x3 3 9 x3 3 27 3

146. Two times a certain number added to 40 gives the same result as three times the same number
subtracted from 75. What is the number?
A. 20 B. 30 C.15 D.7
Answer: D

Solution
Let x be the number
2x + 40 = 75 - 3x. Solve for x
3x + 2x = 75 - 40
5x = 35
 X=7

147. Find the value of Y that makes the equation √ 3 y +5 = 2 √ 2 y be true.

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Answer: A

Solution
( √ 3 y +5 = 2 √ 2 y )2
3y + 5 = 4(2y)
3y - 8y = - 5
- 5y = - 5
Y=1
148. A rectangular sheet of paper is folded in half. Then it is folded again in half and again in half. If
the folding is done 5 times and the edges are creased each time, how many small rectangles will
you see when you unfold the original sheet of paper?
A. 32 B. 16 C. 10 D. 64

Answer: A
Solution : 2X2X2x2x2 = 32

149. The expression, x2 + 4 can be translated as

A. the sum of x and four
B. the sum of the square of x and four
C. the square of the sum of x and four
D. the square of x and four
Answer: B

150. The prime factors of 2x2 + 7x – 15 are

A. (2x–5)(x+3) B. (x+5)(2x–3) C. (x–5)(2x+3) D. (2x+5)(x–3)
Answer: B

Solution: By employing working backward strategy, multiply the factors in the options
using FOIL Method

151. Simplify: (3x – 9) / (x2 -9)

A. 3 / (x + 3) B. 3 / (9-3) C. (x+3) / 3 D. (x – 3) /3
Answer: A

Solution
3x  9 3( x  3) 3
2
 
x  9 ( x  3)( x  3) x  3
Factor the numerator and denominator
Divide out common factor

152. (3√ 8)(3√18) =

 A. 108 B. 107 C. -108 D. 105
Answer: A

Solution
Multiply the numerical coefficients
Multiply the radicands of the same index
Simplify the result

(3√ 8)(3√18) = 9√8*18

= 9 √144
= 9 * 12
= 108

153.The sum of two integers is 4. The difference of the two integers is 10. Which is the smaller
Sinteger?
A. -4 B. -3 C. -8 D. 7
Answer: B

Solution
Let X be the larger number and Y be the smaller number

X+Y=4
X - Y = 10 Solving systems of linear equation by eliminatin method
2x = 14
X = 7 ---larger number

Substitute x = 7 in X + Y = 4.
7+Y =4
Y=4-7
Y = -3

154. The ten’s digit of a certain two-digit number is 3 more than the unit’s digit; the sum of the
square of the two digits is 45. Find the two-digit number.
A. Sixty-three B. Thirty-six C. Forty-one D. Fifty-two

Answer: A

Solution
Let T be the digit in the ten’s place and U be the digit in the unit’s place

T = U + 3.---equation 1
T + U2 = 45. ---equation 2
2

Substitute equation 1 in equation 2

T2 + U2 = 45.
(U + 3)2 + U2= 45.
U + 6U + 9 + U2 = 45.
2

2U2 + 6U + 9 - 45 = 0.
 2U2 + 6U - 36 = 0. Divide both sides by 2

U2 + 3U - 18 = 0.
(U + 6)(U - 3) = 0.

U = - 6 and U = 3
T=U+3
T=3+3
T=6
So, the number is 63.

MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

155.If the scores in mathematics test of 45 students are arranged from the highest to the lowest,
the 23rd score is the:
A. Mode B. Median C. Variance D. Mean
Answer: B

REMEMBER THIS! Median is the middlemost score after arranging the scores either form
smallest to largest or vice-versa.

156. Josaine received the following scores on tests in Calculus: 73, 89, 81, 95, and 87. What is her
mean score?
A. 84 B. 85 C. 89 D. 87

Answer: B

Remember this! The mean or average is obtained by adding the given numbers and divide
the sum by the total number of addends.
Solution: 73 + 89 + 81 + 95 + 87 = 425
425
mean 
5
mean = 85
157. What measure of central tendency can best describe the size of T-shirts commonly worn by
teenagers?
A. mode B. mean C. range D. median

Answer: A

NOTE: The mode is the most frequently occurring score.

158. In a Physics test, 8 students obtained the following scores: 80, 86, 78, 88, 90, 76, 84, 92. What is
the median score?
A. 84 B. 85 C. 86 D. 83

Answer: B

Solution
 Arrange the numbers from greatest to smallest
92 90 88 86 84 80 78 76
Median is the average of two middlemost scores.
Hence, it is (86 + 84) 2 = 85
.

159.If Karl has an average of 76% on his first two tests and has an average of 85% on the next four
tests, what in his final average on all six tests?
A. 82.5% B. 80.5% C. 81.3% D. 82.0%
Answer: D

Solution
Let a and b be the first two tests
a b
76
2
a + b = 152 ---equation 1

Let c, d, e and f be the next four tests

c d e f
85
4
c + d + e + f = 340.---equation 2

Eq. 1 + Eq. 2 ---- a + b + c + d + e + f = 492

492
average 
6
average 82

PROBABILITY
160. A pair of dice is thrown. What is the probability of throwing a double number (e.g. 3, 3)?
A. 1/3 B. 1/6 C. 1/12 D. 1/36

Answer: B

Solution
(1,1), (2,2), (3, 3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6) , Since, there are 6 possible ways the event can
occur out of 36 possible outcomes.
6 1
P( E )  
36 6

Remember this!
Probability Of An Event
The Number Of Ways Event A Can Occur
P(A) =
The total number Of Possible Outcomes
The probability of event A is the number of ways event A can occur
divided by the total number of possible outcomes.
161. Mayet has 5 blue T-shirts and 7 orange T-shirts. If she picks one T-shirt at random, what is the
probability that it will NOT be blue?
A. 1/2 B. 1/6 C. 7/12 D. 5/12

Answer: C

Solution
5 Blue and 7 orange T-shirts
7
P(notblue )  .
12

162. If a die is rolled, what is the probability of getting a 2?

A. 1/6 B. 1 / 4 C. 1 / 2 D. 1/3

Answer: A

Note: There is only face that has a 2. So, the probability is 1/6.

163. A letter is picked at random from the English alphabet. What is the probability that the letter is
contained in the word “house” or the word “phone”?
A. 6/26 B. 5/26 C. 7/26 D. 10/26

Answer: C

Solution: house or phone

The words, house and phone, have 5 letters each and have 3 common letters (h,
o, e). There are 26 letters in the English alphabet.
P( A  B) P( A)  P( B)  P( A  B)
 5 5  3 7
P( A  B)     
 26 26  26 26

164. In a candy jar, there are 15 lemons, 12 chocolates and 3 mints. If a candy is picked at random,
what is the probability of getting a mint?
A. 1/2 B. 1/3 C. 1/6 D. 1/10

Answer: D

Solution: There are 15 lemons +12 chocolates+ 3 mints in a candy jar. There are 3 mints out
of 30 candies inside the jar.
3 1
P(min t )  
30 10
COUNTING PRINCIPLES (PERMUTATION & COMBINATION)
165. In how many ways you can arrange three mathematics books (Algebra, Geometry,
Trigonometry)
in order on a shelf?
A. 6 B. 8 C. 12 D. 2
Answer: A

Solution:
Using permutation, nPn P(n, n) n!3!3.2.1 6

166. Using the integers 4, 7, 9, 8 and 5, how many two-digit numbers can be formed if repetition is
NOT allowed?
A. 20 B. 23 C. 25 D. 28

Answer: A

Solution:
Using permutation, from the five given integers, one has to form a two-digit
number without repetition.
P=5 ( 4 )=20 since there are only five digits (4,7,9,7, and 5) that can be
used
on the first digit of the two-digit number and four digits left to be
used for the second digit since repetition is not allowed. For
example, if you take 8 to be used as the first digit of a two-digit
number, then you only have 4 remaining numbers that can be
used for the second digit since repetition is not allowed.

167. In how many ways may a radiologist assign 5 patients to undergo a screening test for
pulmonary tuberculosis x-ray?
A. 6 B. 120 C. 5 D. 720
Answer: B

Solution:

A permutation is an arrangement, or listing, of objects in which the order

is important. In this lesson, we will look at examples of the number of
permutations of n things taken n at a time.
P ( n ,n )=n !

P (5,5 )=5 !
P (5,5 )=5.4 .3 .2.1
P(5,5)=120

168. In how many ways can two swimmers be chosen from a group of six swimmers?
 A. 15 B. 30 C. 45 D. 90
Answer: A

Remember This!
An arrangement of objects in which the order is not important is
called a combination.
The number of combinations of n things taken r at a time is written as
C(n, r).

The formula is given by:

n!
C ( 6,2 )=
( n−r ) ! r !

6!
C ( 6,2 )=
( 6−2 ) ! 2!

6.5 .4 !
C ( 6,2 )=
4 ! 2.1

6.5
C ( 6,2 )= =15
2

169.If each of the five members in a basketball team shakes hands with every other member of
the team before the game starts, how many handshakes will there be in all?
A. 6 B.8 C.10 D.9

Answer: C

Note: If there are n people at the party, then each person will shake hands with n-1 other
people. So with n people each making (n-1) handshakes, it appears at first sight that
there are n(n-1) handshakes.

However, each handshake will have been counted twice, i.e. A->B and B->A, so we must
divide by 2.

REMEMBER THIS!
Total number of handshakes = n(n-1)/2
= 5(5-1)/2
= 5(4)/2
= 20/2
= 10

Geometry
170. A rectangular lot is 5 meters wide and 12 meters long. How long is a path that cuts diagonally
across the lot?
A. 13 meters B. 15 meters C. 17 meters D. 7 meters
Answer: A

Solution: By applying the Pythagorean theorem (c 2=a2 + b2) or the common measures of
right triangles specifically the 5,12, 13 right triangle.

171. Find the measure of angle R in parallelogram RENT. Angle T measures 85 degrees.

R E

T
N
A. 85° B. 105° C. 100° D. 95°

Answer: D
Note: The sum of the linear pair of angles is always 180 o. 180o- 85o = 95o.

172. Which of the following statements is NOT true about a linear pair?
A. The angles are adjacent
B. The angles are complementary
C. The angles are supplementary
D. A linear pair is composed of two angles.
Answer: B

REMEMBER THIS!
The linear pair is composed of two angles that are adjacent and supplementary.

173. Find the equation of the line whose slope is 4 and passing through the point (2,-3).
A. 4x-y-11 = 0. B. 4x-y+11 = 0. C. 4x+y-11 = 0. D. 4x+y+11 = 0.
Answer: A
Solution: Using point-slope form, we have:
y-y 1 = m(x-x1)
y- (-3)= 4(x-2)
y + 3 = 4x - 8
11= 4x - y
4x - y - 11 = 0

174. In a circle with center O, arc RS = 132 degrees. How many degrees are there in angle RSO?
A. 20 B. 48 C. 22 D. 24
Answer: D

132 0
 R
1320
S
o
Note: Triangle ROS is an isosceles triangle since radii of the same circle are congruent.
REMEMBER THESE!
In an isosceles triangle, the base angles are also congruent.
The sum of the three angles in a triangle is always 180 o.

So, m ∠ R+ m∠O+ m∠ S=180 . Since

∠ 0=132∧∠ R∧∠ S are congruent , m∠ R=m∠ S .
m∠ S + 132 + m∠ S =180
2 m∠ S = 180 -132
2 m∠ S = 48
m∠ S = 24

175. What is the equation of the line passing through the points (3,1) and (-5,4)?
A. 3x +8y +17 = 0. B. 3x -8y +17 = 0. C. 3x +8y -17 = 0. D. 3x -8y -17 = 0

Answer: C

Solution:
y 2− y 1
Get first the slope of a line: m=
x 2−x 1

4−1
m=
−5−3

3
m=
−8

Then, use the point-slope formula

y-y 1= m(x-x1)
3
y−1= ( x −3) , cross multiply
−8

-8y + 8 = 3x – 9, combine like terms

8 + 9 = 3x + 8y, transpose 8 + 9 to the right.
3x + 8y -17= 0 , by reflexive property

176. The edges of a cubical frame are made from plastic straws. How much longer is the total length
of the plastic edges of a cube whose edge is 10cm compared to a cube whose edge is 8 cm?
A. 32 cm B. 8 cm C. 24 cm D. 16 cm
Answer: C
Note : The cube has 12 edges all in all.
So, the total length of the plastic edges of the cube with 10 cm each edge is 10X 12=
120.
The total length of the plastic edges of the cube with 8 cm each edge is 8 x 12 = 96.
 To answer the question, subtract 120 by 96.
120 – 96 = 24.

177. How many different rectangles can be found in the diagram below?

A. 8 B. 4 C. 5 D. 9

Answer: D

Just count. 4 smallest rectangles

2 smaller rectangles

2 smaller rectangles

1 biggest rectangle

178. If the width of a rectangle is reduced by 20% and the length is also reduced by 20%, what
percent of the original area is the new area of the rectangle?
A. 60% B. 64% C. 80% D. 36%

Answer: B

Area of a rectangle = L X W
Area of the rectangle = (100%-20%) L x (100%-20%)W
= 80%L x 80%W
= 0.8L x 0.8W
=0.64LW or 64% of LW

179. One angle of a parallelogram is 35? What are the measures of the three other angles?
A. 145º,35º,145º B. 45º, 65º, 170º C. 85º,135º,140º D. 35º,65º, 65º

Answer: A
 35 o 180-35 o

Remember that a linear pair of angles is always supplementary. So, 180-35 = 145.
Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.

Trigonometry
180. The shadow of an electric pole is 5 meters long when the angle of elevation of the sun is 60°.
What is the length of the shadow when the angle of elevation of the sun is 45°?
A. 5 3  1 meters B. 3 meters C. 10 3 meters D. 5 3
meters

Answer: D

pole

60o

shadow= 5m

Tan Ǿ = opposite side/ adjacent side

Tan 60 o= pole/5 , cross multiply

Pole = 5 tan60 o, Note: tan60o= 3

Pole = 5 3 m

3 / shadow , cross multiply

Tan 45 o = 5
Shadow = 5 3 / tan 45o, Note: tan 45o= 1
Shadow = 5 3 /1
Shadow = 5 3

181. If the ratio of sec x to csc x is 1:4 then the ratio of tan x to cot x is
A. 1:4 B. 1:1 C. 4:1 D. 1:16

Answer: D

Given: Sec x/ cscx = ¼ ; cscx/secx = 4/1

Tanx/ cotx = ? But by quotient identities: tanx = secx/cscx and cotx =

cscx/secx.

Secx/cscx ÷cscx/secx =?
¼ ÷ 4/1 = ?
¼ * ¼ = 1/16 or 1:16
182.In triangle ABC, with right angle at B, the sine of ∠ A is 4/5. What is the cosine of ∠ A?
A. 3/5 B. 4/3 C. 3/6 D. ¾
Answer: A

Given: sine ∠ A = 4/5, by definition sin ∠ A = opposite side / hypotenuse and

cos ∠ A = adjacent side/hypotenuse

a= 4 To get the length of the adjacent side, use Pythagorean Theorem

Opposite side c=5 c2 = a2 + b2
of angle A 5 2 = 42 + b2
25 = 16 + b 2
B A b 2 = 25 -16 , by transposition
Adjacent side b2 = 9
to angle A (b) b = 3 ; So Cos A = 3/5

183.Which of the following must be TRUE?

I. sin (-e)=-sine
II. cos (-e)=-cose
III. tan(-e)=tane
A. II only B. I and III only C. III only D. I only
Answer: D

Note: The cosine and secant of a negative angle Ǿ is equal to the cosine and secant of a
positive angle Ǿ . The sin, csc, tan and cot of a negative angle Ǿ is always equal to the
negative of the sin, csc, tan and cot of a positive angle Ǿ

184. Let sin A=3/5 and sin B=-4/5 where A and B have terminal sides in QII and QIII respectively.
What is sin (A-B) equal to?
A. 7/25 B. 10 C. -1 D. -7/25

Answer: C

Sin A = 3/5 = y/r and angle A is in Quadrant II; y= 3 and r = 5; solve for x using x 2 = r2 – y2

x 2 = r 2 – y2
x2 = 52 – 32
x2 = 25 – 9
x2 = 16
x =4 and so cos A = x/r = cos A = -4/5
Note: Only sin and csc are positive in quadrant II. The rest have negative values. That is why cos
A = -.

Sin B = -4/5 and angle B is in Quadrant III; y = -4 and r= 5: solve for x using x 2 = r2 – y2
 x 2 = r2 – y 2
x2 = 52 – (-4)2
x2 = 25 - 16
x2 = 9
x =3 and so cos B = x/r = -3/5. Note, the value of cos B is negative since only tan and cot are
positive in Quadrant III while the rest are negative.

Then use this formula to answer the question above:

sin (A-B) = SinA CosB – Cos A Sin B

sin (A-B) = (3/5) (-3/5)- (-4/5)(-4/5); Multiply fractions (multiply numerators and multiply
denominators)
sin (A-B) = ( -9/25) – (16/25) ; Add the similar fractions
sin (A-B) = -25/25
sin (A-B) = -1

185. A time deposit in a bank will mature after 91 days. If the deposit was made on April 28, on
what date will it mature?
A. June 28 B. July 18 C. July 28 D. July 29
Answer: A

April 28 --- 2 days

May ---31
June --- 30
2 + 31 + 30 = 63 days; 91-63 = 28 , so it will mature on July 28

186. The readings on a water meter in April and May are 417.8kl and 430.4kl. If there is a basic
charge of 23 pesos and the cost per kl is 20 pesos, how much is the billing for water consumption
between the two months?
A. Php2,520 B. Php272 C. Php2,543 D. Php275
Answer: D

430.4 – 417.8 = 12.6 X 20 = 252 + 23 (basic charge) = 275 pesos

187. One side of a 45º -45º-90º triangle measure 5cm. What is the length of its hypotenuse?
5 3
A. 5 3cm B. 5 cm C. 2cm D. 5 2cm

Answer: D

Remember this! In a 45º -45º-90º triangle or isosceles right triangle, the hypotenuse is always
 equal to the length of the leg times √ 2 .
The leg of the 45º -45º-90º triangle or isosceles right triangle is always equal to
the hypotenuse divided by √2.

END