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North South University: Lab 3: Loading Effect of Voltage Divider Circuit

The document describes an experiment on analyzing the loading effect of a voltage divider circuit by measuring the output voltage with different load resistor values connected and comparing to theoretical calculations; it provides the circuit diagram, component values, procedures to collect data, and questions to analyze the loading effect by calculating errors and comparing theoretical and experimental output voltages.

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289 views4 pages

North South University: Lab 3: Loading Effect of Voltage Divider Circuit

The document describes an experiment on analyzing the loading effect of a voltage divider circuit by measuring the output voltage with different load resistor values connected and comparing to theoretical calculations; it provides the circuit diagram, component values, procedures to collect data, and questions to analyze the loading effect by calculating errors and comparing theoretical and experimental output voltages.

Uploaded by

Little Wizard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NORTH SOUTH UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa

Lab 3: Loading Effect of Voltage Divider Circuit


Objective:
To analyze how the voltage divider circuit behaves when there is no load resistance connected.
Evaluate the performance of voltage divider circuit due to loading.

List of Equipment:
Trainer Board
DMM
 2 × 560Ω resistors
 1 × (0-10kΩ) variable resistor

Introduction:
Voltage Divider circuit provides a simple way to convert a DC voltage to another lower DC voltage.
Consider the following voltage divider circuit.

The voltage drop across R2 is the output voltage, Vout. Vout is less than Vin because the total voltage across
R1 and R2 must add up to Vin. A potentiometer can also be used to change Vout by changing the resistance
R2. As the value of R2 is changed, it allows the output voltage to be adjusted from 0 to Vin.

In Figure 1, there is no output load (RL) connected in parallel to R2 hence we call it a No-Load circuit.
R2
According to Voltage Divider Rule: Vout = Vin (1)
R1+R2

Say Vin=5v and you need Vout= 3v. How would you set the values of R1 and R2 ?

Vout R2
=
Vi n R1 + R2
R1 2
Choice of resistor value should follow the ratio: =
R2 3

One possible combination: R1 = 2k and R2= 3k

Now say we connect an output load, R3 in parallel to R2 :


NORTH SOUTH UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa

Figure 2: With Output Load Connected.

⟹Do you think keeping the values of resistors same would still give Vout=3v from Vin=5v?
Let’s check:

Since you have a Load resistance parallel to R2, your Voltage divider formula to find Vout is:

(R2 ∕∕R3)
Vout = Vin (2)
R +(R 1 2 ∕∕R3)

Let R3 = 10k.
R2 ∕∕R3= 2.31k

→ Vout = 2.68 v

So, our Designed value was 3v, but connecting a load resistor reduced it to 2.68v.

Design Criteria:
To minimize the loading effect, choose the load resistor to be much larger than its parallel resistor.
If R3 is much greater than R2 then R2 ∕∕ R3 (parallel combination of R2 and R3 ) is approximately equal to R2

Circuit Diagram:

Circuit 1 Circuit 2

Figure C.1
NORTH SOUTH UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa

Circuit 1 Circuit 2 Circuit 2 Circuit 2 Circuit 2


(R4= 1KΩ) (R4= 4KΩ) (R4= 7KΩ) (R4= 10KΩ)
RT
E
I
VR1
VR2
VR3
VR4 ×××××××××××
IR1
IR2
IR3
IR4 ×××××××××××
Table C.1

C.3 Report
1. Theoretically analyse circuits in figure C.1 using voltage divider rule and obtain all the theoretical values of Table
C.1
2. Calculate the percentage of errors of all the measurements.
3. Compare and comment on the theoretical and experimental values.
4. Discuss on the loading effect of voltage divider circuit.
NORTH SOUTH UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

EEE41L/ETE141L Updated By: Maria Moosa

Procedure:
1. Construct the voltage divider circuit as shown in figure above.
2. Measure the unloaded output voltage Vout. Record the value in Table 1.
3. Connect 10 kΩ variable load resistor, parallel with R2 to the circuit. (Connect 1 middle pin of variable
resistor and one of the other pins).
4. Change the value of the variable resistor according to Table 1, and record Vout for each resistor value
in Table 1.

Data Collection for Exp 3 :

Group No.
Instructor’s Signature

Table 1:
RL Vout Vout %Error
(Measured) (Calculated)
0

1k

4k

7k

10k

Report Question:

1. Showing all steps in details, calculate the value of Vout for each load resistor.
2. Calculate the percentage of errors of all the measurements.
3. Compare and comment on the theoretical and experimental values.
4. Discuss on the loading effect of voltage divider circuit.

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