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Exercise Deductive Logic

This document discusses critical thinking skills for managers, including: 1) Exercising deductive logic by completing logic problems involving syllogisms with horses, living things, and sheep. 2) Evaluating the validity of conclusions based on premises about teas, locations of states, and heights of people. 3) Rating statements involving premises, conclusions, deduction, induction, and examples of valid/invalid arguments as true or false and revising false statements. 4) Determining whether sample syllogisms about two parties agreeing/not agreeing and strikes are logically correct or incorrect.

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55 views

Exercise Deductive Logic

This document discusses critical thinking skills for managers, including: 1) Exercising deductive logic by completing logic problems involving syllogisms with horses, living things, and sheep. 2) Evaluating the validity of conclusions based on premises about teas, locations of states, and heights of people. 3) Rating statements involving premises, conclusions, deduction, induction, and examples of valid/invalid arguments as true or false and revising false statements. 4) Determining whether sample syllogisms about two parties agreeing/not agreeing and strikes are logically correct or incorrect.

Uploaded by

John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Critical Thinking for Mangers

Exercise deductive logic

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Fill in the blanks in the following sentences so that all the syllogisms are valid.

a. All horses are mammals.

All __________ are animals.

All horses are animals.

b. All horses are living things.

All living things are things that reproduce.

All __________ are things that reproduce.

c. No sheep are creatures that sleep in beds.

This creature is sleeping in a bed.

Therefore, this creature is __________.

d. If today is Tuesday, this must be a weekday.

This is __________.

This must be __________.

Choose the correct answer in each of the following cases.

a. All teas are liquids.

It therefore follows that:

(1) All liquids are teas.

(2) No liquids are teas.


(3) Neither (1) nor (2).

b. Gujarat is next to Maharastra.

Madhya Pradesh is next to Andhrapradesh.

It therefore follows that:

(1) Gujarat is next to Andhrapradesh.

(2) Andhrapradesh is next to Madhpradesh.

(3) Neither (1) nor (2).

c. Ruth is shorter than Margaret.

Margaret is shorter than Rosie.

It therefore follows that:

(1) Ruth is shorter than Rosie.

(2) Margaret is shorter than Ruth.

(3) Ruth is taller than Rosie.

Exercise Deductive logic Part 2

Rate the following statements as true or false. If you decide the statement

is false, revise it in the simplest manner to make it read true.

_____ 1. A premise is a reason given to support a conclusion.

_____ 2. Syllogisms are used in logic because logicians like to make

their knowledge arcane, or hidden and secret.

_____ 3. Logic is less concerned with truth than with whether one

statement follows reasonably from another.


_____ 4. Reasoning occurs only in deduction—not in induction.

_____ 5. A generalization reached through induction can become a premise used in a

deductive syllogism.

_____ 6. “All homeowners are taxpayers. He is a property owner. Therefore, he is a

taxpayer.” This is a valid argument.

_____ 7. “Bloodletting reduces fever. This patient has a fever. This patient needs

bloodletting.” This syllogism shows valid reasoning although both premises may not be

true.

_____ 8. “White-skinned people are superior to dark-skinned people. Therefore, it is the

manifest destiny of white-skinned people to rule dark-skinned people.” No country would

ever accept such fallacious reasoning as this.

State whether the reasoning in each of the following syllogisms is correct or

incorrect:

_____ 9. If the two parties agree, then there is no strike.

The two parties agree.

Therefore, there is no strike.

_____ 10. If the two parties agree, then there is no strike.

There is no strike.

Therefore, the two parties agree.

_____ 11. If the two parties agree, then there is no strike.

The two parties do not agree.

Therefore, there is a strike.

_____ 12. If the two parties agree, then there is no strike.

There is a strike.

Therefore, the two parties do not agree.


After you have decided, compare your answers to those given here.

Explain why these answers are correct.

9. correct 10. incorrect 11. incorrect 12. Correct

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