SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: SCIENCE Grade Level: 7 Quarter: 2 Week: 1

MELC: Identify the parts of a compound Competency Code: S7LT-IIa-1
microscope and their functions
Name: ______________________________ Section: __________ Date: ___________
School: ______________________________ District: _____________________________

A. Readings/Discussions:
Scientists use tools especially made to help them in doing
investigations and observations. When structures are invisible to the naked
eye, they use microscopes to have a close look at the specimen. In this
module, you will learn the different parts of the microscope and their
respective functions.
The microscope (“mikros”- very small and “skopos” – watcher) is a very
important tool in studying living things. Because it can magnify the image of an object,
scientists are able to study cells and the wide array of microscopic organisms. There
are different types of microscopes but the most used in schools is the compound light
microscope. It uses a combination of lenses and light to magnify a small object
held on a slide. Now, let’s familiarize the different parts of a compound light
microscope.
1. OCULAR / EYEPIECE
• a removable cylinder with two lenses found at the
top of the microscope where one looks through to
view the specimen being focused or studied
• magnifies the image formed by the objectives
• marked with a number and x like 10x indicating
how many times it can magnify objects
**Both eyes should be open when viewing through
the microscope to prevent eye fatigue. Figure 1. The Eyepiece

2. OBJECTIVES REVOLVING NOSEPIECE

• major lenses responsible for the quality of image
during specimen visualization
• Each lens has its own magnification power.
• two to more objectives can be present in a
microscope though three is more common
OBJECTIVES
Figure 2. The Objectives
and Revolving Nosepiece
 TYPES OF OBJECTIVES

LPO HPO OIO (OIL)

Scanner (Low Power (High Power (Oil Immersion
Objective) Objective) Objective)
- the -marked 10x or - marked 40x, -marked 97x or
shortest 12x 43x or 60x 100x
one -used to locate -used for - used to view
marked and show the enlarged view bacteria, very
3x, 4x, or general outline to see the small protists and
5x or view of the specific or fungi
specimen detailed parts -makes use of a
- used first when of the object special kind of oil,
focusing cedar oil

REMEMEBER:
• The object being examined which is mounted on slides (flat rectangles of thin glass)
is called specimen. It is placed on the glass slide and a cover slip is placed over
specimen.
• To find the total magnification of a microscope, just multiply the
magnification of the eyepiece and the objective lens being used. If the
eyepiece is marked 4x and the objective 10x, then the total magnification is 40x.
• Clean the eyepiece or the objective lens using moist lens paper with lens cleaning
solution in circular motion. Dry the lens with a clean, dry piece of lens paper.

3. REVOLVING NOSEPIECE
• a white disk where the objectives are attached and rotated to get the desired
objective in place

4. BODY TUBE
DRAWTUBE
• A hollow tube, attached to the arm, that
connects the eyepiece to the objectives ARM
BODY
• assures continuous alignment of the optics
TUBE

5. DRAWTUBE
• cylindrical structure fitted inside the upper body
on top of the body tube which houses the
eyepiece
Figure 3. Drawtube, Body
Tube and Arm
6. ARM
• straight or curved vertical part that connects the
base to the other parts of the microscope
• part which you hold to move or carry the microscope

Figure 4. Proper Way of

7. ADJUSTMENT KNOBS Carrying the Microscope
• located on the arm, on each side of the
microscope, used to bring the object into focus and COARSE
vary the distance between the specimen and the ADJUSTMENT KNOB
objective

- large knob that raises or - small button-like disk

lowers the body tube in large used for fine or more
movements to bring the detailed/precise
object in approximate focus focusing
- used together with the LPO - used with the HPO
COARSE FINE
ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT FINE ADJUSTMENT
KNOB KNOB KNOB
Figure 5.
The Adjustment Knobs
8. STAGE STAGE
• platform connected to the arm which has a round
opening (aperture) where the specimen or glass
slide is mounted for viewing

9. STAGE CLIPS
• used to hold the glass slide in place
STAGE CLIPS
Figure 6. Stage and
CONDENSER Stage Clips

DIAPHRAGM

INCLINATION
JOINT

Figure 7. The Condenser, Diaphragm and

Inclination Joint
10. IRIS DIAPHRAGM
• a flat disc found under the stage which
regulates the amount of light that reaches the
specimen
• has different sized holes or the aperture or
opening can be resized in order to control the
light intensity and size of beam of light
Figure 8. Different Size of
the Aperture
11. CONDENSER
• consists of lens used to focus and
concentrate maximum light from the
illuminator (like mirror) into the specimen

12. INCLINATION JOINT

• used for tilting the microscope to easily https://bit.ly/37KUYSq
examine specimen especially when Figure 9. Close Look of
sitting down Condenser

13. MIRROR
• may be plane or concave, adjustable
• used to collect, reflect and direct the light up MIRROR
through the condenser, the opening of the
stage, and specimen being viewed

14. BASE
• horseshoe-like stand used to anchor the BASE
microscope on the table Figure 10. Mirror and Base
• supports the microscope

Furthermore, the parts of the microscope, according to their function, can be

classified as:
• Magnifying Part – used to see and enlarge specimens (Eyepiece, Objectives)
• Illuminating Part – used to supply light to the slide on the stage (Mirror), or
• Mechanical Part – used to support and operate the parts(Stage, Base, Arm,
Adjustment Knobs, Revolving Nosepiece).

Now that you have finished reading the concepts about the
parts of the microscope and their functions, let us see if you now have
a better understanding of the topic.
 B. Exercises
Exercise 1: REMEMBER ME? THEN WRITE MY NAME!

Directions: Label the parts of the microscope illustrated below.

13 1

12 2
3
11 14
4 15

10 5

9
7

https://www.haines.com.au/media/cata 8
log/product/cache/84b955a0ba9aeea51
fac2ff2dd539f2f/b/0/b03005-xsp-01.jpg

Exercise 2 : COMPOUND MICROSCOPE PUZZLE

Directions: Review the functions of the parts of a compound microscope with this
crossword puzzle. Fill in the crossword with the correct part based on their functions,
which serve as the puzzle clues.
Across Down
7. hold the slide in place 1. permits the upper part of the microscope to be
9. objective with a magnifying power of tipped back
4x 2. holds the objectives and facilitates the changing
11. usually marked 10x and functions of objectives
to locate and show the outline of 3. marked 40x or 60x which shows detailed
the specimen structure of the specimen
13. platform that holds the slide 4. provides support to the microscope
with specimen 5. reflects the light up to the diaphragm, object to
be observed and lenses
6. smaller knob that moves the body tube when
focusing using the high power lens to have a sharp
image
8. bigger knob used to focus the LPO
10. connects the eyepiece to the objectives
12. circular disk that lets more or less light to pass
through
14. used to carry the microscope
15. combination of lenses in a microscope through
which the eye views the image formed by the
objective lens
 1
2
3 4 5
6
7 8

9
10
11

12 13 14 15

C. Assessment/Application/Outputs (Please refer to DepEd Order No. 31, s. 2020)

Directions: Read carefully each item. Choose the letter of the best answer for each
test item.
1. Which objective gives the viewer a good overall view of the image?
a. Eyepiece c. Low Power Objective
b. High Power Objective d. Oil Immersion Objective
2. After mounting the slide on the stage, what part should Irene use to hold it securely
onto the stage?
a. Condenser b. Inclination Joint c. Stage Clips d. OIO
3. What part of the microscope is used to bring the specimen into view, but never
used on high magnification?
a. Eyepiece c. Fine Adjustemnt Knob
b. Low Power Objective d. Coarse Adjustment Knob
4. Which of the following parts should Joseph adjust to change the objective lens from
scanner to HPO?
a. Inclination Joint c. Stage
b. Revolving Nosepiece d. Body Tube
5. The picture at the right shows a microscope. What A
are the functions of parts labelled A and B?
a. A: To magnify the object.
B: To hold the slide on the stage.
b. A: To adjust the fine focus.
B: To hold the slide on the stage.
c. A: To adjust the coarse focus.
B: To illuminate the object being viewed. B
d. A: To magnify the object.
B: To illuminate the object being viewed.
6. Which lens part of the compound microscope helps in
focusing light rays on the specimen to be viewed?
a. Condenser b. Nosepiece c. Objectives d. Ocular
7. Which two parts of the light microscope magnify the image of an object?
a. Eyepiece and Mirror c. Objectives and Mirror
b. Eyepiece and Objectives d. Objectives and Diaphragm
8. Which scenario requires the use of the diaphragm?
a. when you wanted to move the stage
b. when you wanted to adjust the light
c. when you wanted to put the microscope away
d. when you wanted to get a view of the specimen using LPO
9. Which part of the microscope should April use in focusing so she will obtain a sharp
image in observing a plant specimen under HPO?
a. Ocular Lens c. Fine Adjustment Knob
b. Low Power Objective d. Coarse Adjustment Knob
10. Which type of objective is ideal to use for observing very fine detail, such as nerve
cells in the retina or the striations in skeletal muscle?
a. Eyepiece c. Low Power Objective
b. High Power Objective d. Oil Ommersion Objective

D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

Directions: Complete the sentences using the words from the box. A word
can only be used once. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.
 1. Poor light quality can be solved by the __________ because adjusting
it allows more light to pass through the condenser, and therefore more
light is directed at the specimen.
2. __________ supports the tube and connects it to the base. It is used
along with the base to carry the microscope.
3. __________ is the shorter objective. Its lens has a magnifying power
usually of 10 and gives the general outline of the object.
4. The __________ supports the weight of the microscope.
5. When using the high power objective, only the _______________
should be used.
6. The __________ is used together with immersion oil to view objects
with the greatest magnification.
7. The __________ reflects light upwards to allow you to see the
specimen.
8. __________ is the horizontal platform just below the objectives that
supports the microscope slide for observation. It has a hole so that light
can shine up to the specimen.
9. The __________ is always used first and with low-power objective in
focusing.
10. The magnifying power of the lens of the __________ is 4X.

References:
Printed Materials:
Ferido, Marlene B, and Jacqueline Rose M Guttierez. 2017. Science 7 Learner's Material. Quezon City:
FEP Printing Corporation.
Ferido, Marlene B, and Jacquline Rose M Guttierez. 2017. Science 7 Teacher's Guide. Quezon City: FEP
Printing Corporation.
Gerona, Zonia M, Rebecca C Nueva España, Lolita M Salmorin, and Aurora M Villamil. 2006. Biology.
Quezon City: Abiva Publishing House.
Laurente, Jomar Aries T, Ryan John G Garcia, Faith Celeste B Ole, Von Anthony G Torio, and Arnie C
Osabel. 2015. Science for the 21st Century Learner. Makati City: Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
Ramos, John Donnie A, Anna Cherylle M Ramos, and Gloria de Castro Bernas. 2006. Exploring Life
through Science: Biology. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House.

Website:
Ancheta, Amy. n.d. "AP Biology (." Mrs. Ancheta's Science Classroom. Accessed July 10, 2020.
https://mrsancheta.weebly.com/uploads/1/6/1/6/161660
98/microscope_worksheet_1.pdf.
n.d. Microscope Objective Lenses. Accessed July 11, 2020. http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/APlab/Lab-Unit-
01/Lab-01-04.html.
Tang, Anh-Thi . 2014. "Microscope Parts." PC|MAC. January. Accessed July 14, 2020.
http://images.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/AL/ElmoreCounty/Milbr
ookMiddleSchool/Uploads/Forms/14%20-%20Microscope%20Parts%20-
%20PowerPoint%20Worksheet.pdf.
n.d. "The Microscope: Parts and Use." PLAINVIEW-OLD BETHPAGE. Accessed July 11, 2020.
https://www.pobschools.org/cms/lib/NY01001456/Centricity/
Domain/349/TheMicroscope-howtouse.pdf.

Pictures:
Pictures with no website indicated were taken from Bitmoji, Canva, or by Mrs. Blessilda Pitogo and Mr.
Joseph C. Judaya.

Prepared by: Edited by:

MARIA TRESICA C. SILVEDERIO

Reviewed by:

GUIDE

For the Teacher

For the Learner

For the Parent/Home Tutor