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Exercises - Formative Assessments

This document contains a student's answers to exercises on mathematical logic and symbolization. It includes determining whether statements are mathematical, evaluating truth values of compound statements, negating statements and determining their truth values, writing out propositional logic equivalents, and constructing truth tables and Euler diagrams to evaluate the validity of arguments. The exercises cover topics such as propositional logic, truth tables, conditional statements, contraposition, converse, inverse, and validity.

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Elmoe Villanueva
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42 views

Exercises - Formative Assessments

This document contains a student's answers to exercises on mathematical logic and symbolization. It includes determining whether statements are mathematical, evaluating truth values of compound statements, negating statements and determining their truth values, writing out propositional logic equivalents, and constructing truth tables and Euler diagrams to evaluate the validity of arguments. The exercises cover topics such as propositional logic, truth tables, conditional statements, contraposition, converse, inverse, and validity.

Uploaded by

Elmoe Villanueva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Santos, Cire Elmoe A.

Section: GED103 MMW Section 89

Exercise 2
1. Determine if the following statements are mathematical or not.
a. p: Today is exam day. Not Mathematical Statements. (FLASE)
b. q: 1 + 1 = 0 Mathematical Statements. (FLASE)
c. r: Hep! Hep! Hooray! Mathematical Statements. (TRUE)
d. s: All cats are animals Mathematical Statements. (TRUE)
e. t: x ≤ 3 Not Mathematical Statements. (FLASE)

2. Let p, q and r be FLASE mathematical statements. Determined the truth values the
following:
a. p and not r : p ⋀ ~r (TRUE)
b. not q or p : ~q ⋁ p (TRUE)
c. if q the not r : q → ~r (TRUE)
d. r only if not p : r ↔ ~p (TRUE)
e. p if and only if not q : p → ⋀ ↔ ~ q (TRUE)

Exercise 3
1. Determined the negation of the following statements. Write in symbols and in words.
Also assess the truth value of the negated statements. (Consider statements p & q to be
TRUE)
a. p ⋀ q : Today is MMW class day and some roses are pink.
b. p ⋁ q : Today is MMW class day or some roses are pink.
Answer:
a. ~p ⋀ ~q : Today is not MMW class day and some roses are not pink. (TRUE)
b. ~p ⋁ ~q : Today is not MMW class day or some roses are not pink. (FLASE)

2. For the implication proportion below:


“If I finish my assignments early, then I will be able to watch a movie.”
Write in words and in symbols the:
a. Converse proportion
b. Inverse proposition
c. Contrapositive
Solution: p: I finish my assignments early
q: I will be able to watch a movie
Converse: q → p : “If I will be able to watch a movie, then I finish my assignments early.”
Inverse: ~p → ~q : “If I do not finish my assignments early then I won’t be able to watch a movie ”.
Contrapositive: ~q → ~p : “If I will not be able to watch a movie, then I do not finish my assignments
early.”

Exercise 4a
Symbolize the argument, construct a truth table, and determine if the argument is valid
1. If you complete your computer training, you can be eligible to work in the computer lab.
You did not finish your computer training. Therefore, you can not work in the computer
lab.
((p → q) ⋀ ~p) ⟵ q

p q ( p → q) ~p ~p ⟵ q ((p → q) ⋀ ~p) ((p → q) ⋀ ~p ) → q

T T T F F F F

T F F T T F F

F T T F T F T

F F T T T T T

2. If I pass the exam, then I will graduate. I graduated. Therefore, I passed the exam.
p→ q⋀q→p

p q p→q q→p p→ q⋀q→p

T T T T T

T F F F F

F T T T T

F T T T T
Exercise 4b
Using Euler diagram, state whether the argument is valid or not.
1. All runners are athletes.
Tam is a runner.
∴ Tam is an athlete. Runners Tam Athletes

Athlete
s
Runners
Argument is
Valid
Tam

2. All runners are athletes.


Piyo is not an athlete.
∴ Piyo is not a runner.
Runners Piyo Athletes

Piyo
ATHLETES

Argument is
valid
Runners
3. All runners are athletes.
Fe is an athlete.
∴ Fe is a runner Runners Fe Athletes

Athletes

Argument is
Fe
valid

Runners

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