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SecondFirst Quarter – Module

Quarter Module 5 1
Week 5
 Let’s Learn

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• differentiate linear inequalities in two variables from linear equations in two variables;
• solve linear inequalities in two variables;
• illustrate and graph linear inequalities in two variables.

Let’s Try

PRE - TEST
Directions: Read each item carefully. Solve if necessary. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
space provided before each number.
____ 1. What is the boundary line of a linear inequality in two variables using the symbols < or >?
A. Broken C. A and B
B. Solid D. neither A or B
____ 2. Gian paid at most 800 pesos for 6 pieces chicken joy (c) and a family size spaghetti (s) in Jollibee.
Which of the following mathematical statements represents the given situation?
A. 6c + s ≥ 800 C. 6c + s ≤ 800
B. 6c + s > 800 D. 6c + s = 800
____ 3. How many solutions does a linear inequality in two variables have?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
____ 4. Which among the given ordered pairs is a solution of the inequality 2x + 4y > 12?
A. (3, 2) B. (2, 1) C. (3, 0) D. (4, -3)
____ 5. How do you describe the graph of a linear inequality in two variables?
A. Half- plane C. Parabola
B. Half of a parabola D. Straight line and a shaded area
____ 6. Which of the following linear inequalities in two variables represents
the graph at the right?
A. x + 2y > 5 C. x-y > 5
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B. -6x + 3y < 12 D. - 3 x + y ≤ 2

____ 7. Which of the following inequalities is linear in two variables?

A. 4x + y > 7 C. 1 < x-2
B. t + 3r = 9 D. r – 7 ≤ 5

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____ 8. Which of the following graphs shows the boundary of -2x + y ≥ -4?
A. B. C. D.

____ 9. Marion paid more than 600 for 2 kilos of grapes (g) and 4 kilos of apples (a). If the grapes cost 200
pesos per kilo, what is the minimum cost of a kilo of an apple in the nearest peso?
A. 40 B. 45 C. 51 D. None of these
____ 10. Justin is planning to buy a lot for his dream house. If the area is at most 80 square meters, which
of the following lot areas could he buy?
A. B. C. D.
7m 7m 10 m 14 m

10 m 12 m
15 m 10 m

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online!

Use this link on your cellphone, laptop or desktop:
https://bit.ly/Math8Q2W1LETSTRY Score
Use proper capitalization to activate the link.
You will see your score after completing the test.
Make sure to screenshot your work as a proof to your teacher
then write your score in the box.
Make sure you are connected to the internet!

2
 Lesson
Solving Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
1

Let’s Recall

Activity 1: Comparing Number Puzzles

Directions: Select the correct pair of numbers that will fit to the box based on the given symbols.

Activity 2: Word Match

Directions: Match the phrases in column A with the mathematical statements in column B to decode the
hidden message.

Column A Column B Column C

1. a is at most 10 a>b Name for
2. 5 is less than 10 a ≤ 10 The
3. a is more than b a≥b Division
4. a is no more than 10 4>3 Obelus
5. a is at least b 5 < 10 Mathematical
6. a is not less 5 a≥5 Sign
7. 3 is less than 4 3<4 Is called
8. 4 is greater than 3 a<5 Grandia

____ _________ _______ _________ _________ ________ _________ ________

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

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 Let’s Explore
Activity 3: Where Do I Belong?
Directions: Classify the following mathematical statements whether inequality or NOT. Write your
answers inside the box.

Let’s Elaborate

A linear inequality can be one or more variables. A linear inequality in two variables, x and y, can
be written in either of the following forms.
Ax + By > C
Ax + By < C
Where A, B, and C are
Ax + By ≥ C 3 real numbers and ≠ 0

Ax + By ≤ C

An inequality can be linear or quadratic. Likewise, it can be in one or more variables. In the Activity
3, items #1, 2, and 4 are examples of linear inequalities in two variables. Item #6 is an example of a linear
inequality in one variable, while items #s 3 and 5 are examples of equations in two variables. Can you see
the difference? Linear inequalities in two variables used the inequality symbol (<,>, ≥, ≤) and the linear
equation in two variables used equality symbol (=).
Examples:

Linear Inequality in Two Variables Linear Equation in Two Variables

2a - 1 > b 2a - 1 = b
x + y ≤ -10 x + y = -10
4a – 8b + 4 ≥ 0 4a – 8b + 4 = 0
-5c - d < 1 -5c - d = 1
The focus on this module is the linear inequality in two variables which has several real-life
applications.

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Example 1:
The total amount of 5-peso and 10-peso coins in Gia’s bag is more than Php 300. Translate the
sentence into mathematical statement.
Solution:
Let :
a be the number of 5-peso coins
b be the number of 10-peso coins Corresponding mathematical
5a + 10b > 300 statement

Example 2:
Min Ho paid at least Php 550 for a tray of extra-large sized eggs and 2 trays of medium-sized eggs.
If a tray of XL sized eggs costs 204, what is the cost of a tray of medium-sized eggs? Find all possible costs.
Solution:
Step 1: Write the mathematical statement.
Let x be the cost of the XL size eggs
y be the cost of the M size eggs
x + 2y ≥ 550 the mathematical statement

Step 2: Find the possible costs of a tray of medium - sized eggs in x + 2y ≥ 550.
x + 2y ≥ 550
(204) + 2y ≥ 550 Substitute x with the cost of XL size eggs
204 – 204 + 2y ≥ 550 – 204 Subtraction Property of Inequality
2y ≥ 346
𝟐𝒚 𝟑𝟒𝟔
≥ Division Property of Inequality
𝟐 𝟐
y ≥ 173 The possible cost for 1 tray of medium- sized eggs.
Therefore, all the possible costs of a tray of a medium- sized eggs are from Php 173 and above or
(173, +∞).

Solution of a Linear Inequality

The solution of a linear inequality in two variables (x, y) are values of x and y that makes the
statement true when it is substituted to the given inequality.

Example 3:
Determine whether the following ordered pairs are solution to the inequality 3x + y < 4.
a). (2,-3)
b). (-3,-3)

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Solution: Substitute the values of x and y to the given inequality

a. (2,3) b). (-3,-3)

3x + y < 4 3x + y < 4
3(2) + (3) < 4 3(-3) + (-3) < 4
6+3<4 -9 + (-3) < 4
9<4 -12 < 4
FALSE, since 9 is greater than 4 TRUE, since -12 is less than 4

Therefore, (-3,-3) is a solution to the inequality 3x + y < 4.

Graphs of Linear Inequalities

The graph of linear inequality in two variables is the
set of all points in the coordinate plane whose ordered pairs
satisfy the inequality. The graph of a linear inequality has two
parts: a line and a shaded area. The line is called a plane
divider or a boundary. A solid line is drawn if the symbol ≤ or
≥ is used while broken line if < or > is used. However, the two
regions divided by a line is called half-planes. The solution of
Half-plane
the inequality is the shaded half-plane.
Steps in graphing linear inequality;
1. Leave the variable y on the left side of the
inequality.
2. Change the inequality symbol to equality for you to draw the boundary line.

>, ≥, <, ≤ =
3. Graph the boundary line from step 2 in the coordinate plane.

> or < use broken line

≤ or ≥ use solid line

4. Shade the appropriate region.

> or ≥ shade the upper half-plane

< or ≤ shade the lower half-plane

5. Check or verify whether you have you have shaded the appropriate region.

Methods in Graphing Linear Inequalities

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A. Using Table of Values

B. Using Slope and y- Intercept (y = mx + b)
C. Using x and y – intercepts

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A. Using Table of Values
Example 4: Graph 4x + y > 3
Solution:
Step 1: Leave y on the left side 4x + y > 3
4x + y - 4x > 3 – 4x
y > -4x + 3

Step 2: Change the inequality symbol to equality symbol y = -4x + 3

Step 3: Graph the boundary line using table of values.
a. Make a table of values. Choose at least three x- values including 0 for easier
computation. Replace these values to the equation y = - 4x + 3 to find the values of y.

b. Plot the ordered pairs (x, y). Since the

inequality symbol is >, use broken line.

Step 4: Shade the upper half-plane since > is used.

Step 5: Check or verify. Pick an ordered pair in the shaded region. Replace these values
to x and y in the original inequality. If the statement is true, then the graph is right. Let’s try
(2,3).

4x + y > 3
4(2) + (3) > 3
8 + 3 > 3
11 > 3
Since 11 is greater than 3, therefore it satisfies the inequality and that the graph is correct.

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B. Using Slope and y-Intercept (y = mx + b)
Example 5: Graph the inequality 2x +6y ≤ -12.
Solution:
Step 1: Leave y on the left side

Step 2: Change the inequality into slope intercept- form, y = mx + b.

Step 3: Graph the boundary line using slope and y-intercept.

a. Plot the y-intercept (0,b) in the coordinate plane. This point
lies on the vertical axis or the y -axis.

b. From the y-intercept, locate the other point using the slope
(m).

The numerator tells you how many steps to go up or down

(rise). Go up for positive, go down for negative numerator.
While the denominator tells you how many units to move left
or right (run). Move to the right if positive or move to the left if
the denominator is negative.

c. Connect the two points. Since the inequality symbol used is

≤, it means points on the line are also solutions. Therefore, a
solid line should be drawn using any straight edge

Step 4: Shade the lower half-plane because ≤ symbol is used.

Therefore, all integers found on the shaded area are
solutions to the given inequality.

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C. Using x and y – intercepts
Example 6: Graph the inequality 6x -2y ≥ -4.
Solution:
Step 1: Change the inequality symbol to equality symbol. 6x -2y = -4

Step 2: Find the x-intercept (the point where the line

6x -2(0) = -4
passes through the x-axis) 6x – 0 = -4
6x = -4
Let y = 0 in the equation to solve for x. 6𝑥 −4
−2
=
6 6
The x- intercept is ( , 0) −2
3 x= or -0.67
3

Step 3: Find the y- intercept (the point where the line 6(0) -2y = -4
passes through the y-axis). 0 – 2y = -4
-2y = -4
Let x = 0 in the equation, then solve for y. −2𝑦 −4
=
−2 −2
The y-intercept is (0, 2). y=2

Step 4: Plot the x and y intercepts in the coordinate plane.

Step 5: Connect the points.

Step 6: Shade the appropriate region.

6x - 2y ≥ -4
To determine which region you are
6x - 2y - 6x≥ - 4 –6x
going to shade, transform the original
-2y ≥ -6x – 4
inequality wherein y alone is on the left side. −2𝑦 −𝟔𝒙−𝟒
Notice that, the inequality is reversed ≥
−2 −𝟐
because you divide both sides by -2
(applying the Division Property of Inequality) y ≤ 3x + 2

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 The three methods in graphing linear inequalities will give you the same answer. You may
use whichever you think is easy for you.

Special Cases of Linear Inequalities

There are two special cases of linear inequalities. They are as follows:
Case 1: Vertical boundary line
Example 1: Graph y < 2.
Solution: The inequality y > 2 is the same as the
inequality y > 0x + 2.
It has a slope of 0 and the y- intercept is 2. When
the slope is 0, the boundary line will always be a
horizontal line.

Case 2: Horizontal boundary line

Example 2: Show the graph of x ≥ -1.
Solution: This inequality cannot be written in the form of
y = mx + b because it does not have a slope or y- intercept.
It will always be a solid vertical line that passes through x
= -1.

Remember:
1. If the inequality symbol is > or ≥, shade the region above the line. If the
inequality symbol < or ≤, shade the region below the line.
2. If the inequality symbol is < or >, the boundary will be a broken line. If the
inequality symbol is ≤ or ≥, the boundary will be a solid line.

To watch a video tutorial on solving linear inequalities in two variables, please go to this
link: http://bit.ly/LINEARINEQUALITIES

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Activity 3: Find Me If You Can.
Directions: Find the solution sets of each linear inequalities in two variables. Each answer has a
corresponding word/s. Write it on the space provided to decode the message.

1. x + 2y < 2 2. -2x + y > 1 3. 2y + 5x ≤ 8 4. x -3y ≥ 9

5. – y < 2 + 3x 6. 5y < x – 3 7. 5x + 10y -15 ≥ 0 8. 2x + 4y < 4

9. -12 ≤ -6x + 3 10. x + 2y > 6 11. -3x -2y < 5

_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________

1. 2. 3. 4.

_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________

5. 6. 7. 8.
_________________ _________________ _________________
9. 10. 11.

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 Let’s Remember

A linear inequality in two variables is an inequality that can be written in either of the following
forms:
1. Ax + By >C Where A, B, and C are real
2. Ax + By <C numbers and is not equal to zero.
3. Ax + By ≥C
4. Ax + By ≤ C
In a worded problem, you can easily tell that the given problem is an example of inequality if words
such as “less than, more than, greater than, not more than, not less than, at most, at least” are used.
The solution of a linear inequality in two variables is an ordered pair (x,y) which makes the statement
true when the values of x and y are substituted into the inequality. There are infinite solutions of a linear
inequality.
The graph of a linear inequality in two variables is the set of points that represents all solutions to the
inequality. The graph uses a solid line if the symbol ≤ or ≥ is used while dashed line if < or >. The shaded
half-plane is the solution of the inequality.
There are three common ways of graphing the linear inequalities: by using table of values, slope-
intercept form and the x and y - intercepts.

Let’s Apply

Directions: Read and analyze each situation carefully. Solve and write your solution on a separate sheet
of paper.
1. Yasmin is selling a disposable face mask for Php15 and a washable face mask for Php 30 each.
How many of both masks does she need to sell to make at least Php 500? (Show the possible
number of masks needed to sell using a graph.)

2. Marie sells two types of alcohol. The green cross alcohol 500 ml that costs Php120 and the casino
rubbing alcohol 150 ml which costs Php 45. She has to sell at most Php1000 per day for both sizes
of alcohol. Find the inequality that represents the situation.

3. Mavie has two jobs, her permanent job which pays Php 800 per day and her 2-hour part time job
which pays her Php200 per day. How many days should she works to earn at least Php10,000?

4. Aryon paid no more than Php 15,000 for a cell phone (c) and a smartwatch (s). If the smartwatch
cost Php 3500, what could be the possible cost of the cell phone?

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 Let’s Evaluate

POST TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on the space before each number.
____ 1. Which point is a solution of the inequality y ≤ 2x + 5?
A. (-3, 1) C. (1,9)
B. ( 2, 0) D. (0, 6)

____ 2. Which of the following inequalities represents the graph at the

right?

A. x + 3y ≤ 6 C. x + 3y ≥ 6
B. 3x – y ≤ 3 D. 3x - y ≥ 3

____ 3. How do you describe the boundary line of a linear inequality in two variables that uses ≤ or ≥
symbol?

A. Broken line C. Solid line

B. Curve line D. A and B
____ 4. Which of the following inequalities is NOT linear in two variables?
A. 5y < x C. 2x + 1 ≤ -2
B. 2x + 3y > 0 D. 4x + y ≥ 7
____ 5. Which of the following graphs is the boundary of the inequality 2x – y > 3?
A. B. C. D.

____ 6. The difference of the COVID-19 positive cases in Bagumbayan (B) and Lower Bicutan (L) in
Taguig City is at least 18. Which mathematical statement best describe the given situation?

A. B + L ≥ 18 C. B + L ≤ 18
B. B – L ≥ 18 D. B – L ≤ 18
____ 7. In graphing linear inequalities, which of the following symbols can be used to shade the region
below the boundary line of the coordinate plane?

A. > or ≥ C. ≤ or ≥
B. < or ≤ D. < or >

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____ 8. The total amount Mark paid for 4 pcs notebooks and 10 pcs ball pens is less than Php300. If each
notebook costs Php12, what is the maximum cost of each ball pen in the nearest peso?

A. Php 23 C. Php 24
B. Php 25 D. Php 26
____ 9. Crystal and Min are competing for the Top 1 in the class. Their average grade difference is not
more than 0.5 point in favor of Crystal. If Min’s average is 92.1, what is the maximum possible
average grade of Crystal?

A. 92.6 C. 92.8
B. 92. 7 D. 93

____ 10. Which of the following graphs represents the inequality -3y ≤ 4x -12?
A. B. C. D.

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online!

Use this link on your cellphone, laptop or desktop:
https://bit.ly/Math8Q2W1LetsEvaluate Score
Use proper capitalization to activate the link.
You will see your score after completing the test.
Make sure to screenshot your work as a proof to your teacher
then write your score in the box.
Make sure you are connected to the internet!

Let’s Extend

Are you ready to apply what you’ve learned from this module?
If no, review the lessons until you are ready. If yes, answer the remaining activity online!
Just go to http://bit.ly/Math8Q2W1extend

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References:
A. Books

Abuzo, E.P. et.al. (2013). Mathematics Learner’s Module 8 (First Ed.). Quezon City: Department
of Education.
Algebra Success in 20 Minutes a Day. (2008). United States: Learning Express, LLC, New York.
Brown, R.G., Dolciani, M.P., Sorgenfrey, R.H.,& Cole, W.L.(1990). United States of America:
Houghton Mifflin Company.
Oronce, O.A. & Mendoza, M.O.(2010). E-math: Intermediate Algebra (Revised Ed.). Quezon City:
Rex Book Store, Inc.(RBSI).

B. Websites:
Math Planet. Linear Inequalities in Two Variables. Retrieved from

https://www.mathplanet.com/education/algebra-1/linear-inequalitites/linear-inequalities-in-two
variables#:~:text=The%20graph%20of%20an%20inequality,solid%20for%20%E2%89%A4%20an
d%20%E2%89%A5.
hthttps://www.chilimath.com/lessons/intermediate-algebra/graphing-linear-
inequalities/ps://www.butterflyfields.com/3-reasons-why-should-we-learn-integers/

https://www.wikihow.com/Graph-an-Equation

https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/graphing-linear-inequalities.html

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